An efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig. The efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig integrates the concepts of ecological protection, efficient resource utilization and sustainable development, selects high-quality chicory varieties for planting in plots that are conducive to drainage, organically combines chicory planting with ecological breeding of Chinese native pigs, harvests chicory and corn as pig feed, does not feed industrial feed, greatly improves the meat quality of native pigs, and the manure liquid generated in the breeding process of the native pigs is processed through multiple processes and used as organic fertilizer in the chicory planting process on site, thereby reducing or eliminating the use of chemical fertilizers, not only protecting the environment, but also reducing the breeding cost to a certain extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to breeding technology, and in particular to a chicory-pig based efficient green breeding method. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the commercial pig breeds widely raised in China are three-way hybrid pigs. A common combination is to crossbreed Landrace pigs and Large White pigs as parents to produce two-way sows, which are then crossed with Duroc boars. The three-way pigs produced have the characteristics of fast growth rate, high feed conversion rate and high lean meat rate.

[0003] However, in the process of commercial pig farming, a large amount of commercial feed is fed, which is costly and has poor meat quality. At the same time, a large amount of manure is produced during the feeding process. Improper handling will pollute the environment and cause foul air in the surrounding area. At present, some farmers will plant some grass feed to reduce the use of commercial feed, but most of the planting uses arable land, which occupies arable land resources, and the manure produced in the breeding process is not effectively utilized, lacking efficient use of resources and sustainable development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an efficient and green breeding method based on chicory-pig, so as to achieve efficient and green breeding with ecological protection, efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development, reduce breeding costs, improve benefits, protect the environment, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and industrial feed, and provide the market with better meat quality.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] An efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig, comprising the following steps:

[0007] (1) Selection of chicory varieties: The chicory variety Qianyu No. 1 bred by Guizhou Grassland Research Institute was selected;

[0008] (2) Selection of planting land: Choose a plot with good drainage to plant chicory. Test the soil before planting to ensure that drug residues and heavy metals do not exceed the standard. Do not use pesticides, fertilizers, or herbicides during the entire planting process.

[0009] (3) Sowing of chicory: The method of digging furrows and ridges and broadcasting seeds is adopted. Depending on the size of the soil, ridges with a width of 80 cm to 120 cm are made, and the furrow width is 20 cm to facilitate drainage and ventilation. The chicory seeds are mixed with sand and evenly broadcast on the ridges, and then the soil is thoroughly moistened by spraying water for about 5 days until the seedlings emerge.

[0010] (4) Harvesting and post-care of chicory: Chicory can be harvested when it grows to 40cm-60cm. Harvesting can be done on sunny and cloudy days.

[0011] (5) First topdressing: About 7 days after harvest, the chicory will grow new shoots of about 7-10 cm, and the first topdressing will begin with manure produced by the fully ecological Chinese native pigs raised on the farm;

[0012] The manure liquid is separated into dry manure and liquid manure through dry and wet separation. The dry manure is fermented by composting and anaerobic fermentation. The liquid manure is subjected to multi-stage precipitation and then added with fermentation agent in a certain proportion for aerobic fermentation. The dry manure is used as organic fertilizer for base fertilizer when the land is plowed, and the liquid manure is used for topdressing.

[0013] (6) Subsequent topdressing: Apply fertilizer for the second time after an interval of 10 days, and then wait for about 20 days before harvesting, and repeat this method;

[0014] (7) The harvested chicory is directly crushed by a crusher and mixed with cooked corn to feed Chinese native pigs, or processed into silage storage.

[0015] Subsequently, it is fed together with mature corn to feed Chinese native pigs, without adding any industrial feed throughout the process, and fully ecological farming is carried out.

[0016] Furthermore, the pH value, temperature and nutrient content of the liquid manure are tested before fermentation, and appropriate adjustments are made to control the pH value of the liquid manure between 6.5 and 7.5.

[0017] Furthermore, the temperature, humidity and ventilation are well controlled during the liquid manure fermentation process. The fermentation temperature is controlled between 55-70°C. Through regular stirring or ventilation, sufficient oxygen is provided to the fermentation process to accelerate the decomposition and conversion of organic matter.

[0018] Furthermore, during the liquid manure fermentation process, the temperature, pH value, odor and color of the fermented manure liquid are regularly tested. When the temperature of the manure liquid begins to drop, the pH value tends to stabilize, the odor changes from foul smell to slightly sour or odorless, and the color changes to dark brown or black, it indicates that the fermentation is basically completed.

[0019] Furthermore, the Chinese native pig breeds selected by the breeding farm are purebred Wujin pigs, Xiangxi black pigs or Luodai black pigs.

[0020] The present invention is beneficial in that:

[0021] The high-efficiency green breeding method based on chicory-pig of the present invention integrates the concepts of ecological protection, efficient utilization of resources and sustainable development, selects high-quality chicory varieties for planting in plots that are conducive to drainage, organically combines chicory planting with ecological breeding of Chinese native pigs, and uses harvested chicory and corn as pig feed instead of industrial feed, thereby greatly improving the meat quality of native pigs. The manure liquid produced by the native pigs in the breeding process is processed through multiple processes and used as organic fertilizer in the chicory planting process on site, thereby reducing or eliminating the use of chemical fertilizers, thereby not only protecting the environment but also reducing the breeding cost to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown:

[0025] An efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Selection of chicory varieties: The high-quality chicory variety Qianyu No. 1 bred by the Guizhou Grassland Research Institute was selected;

[0027] (2) Selection of planting land: Choose a plot with good drainage to plant chicory. Test the soil before planting to ensure that drug residues and heavy metals do not exceed the standard. Do not use pesticides, fertilizers, or herbicides during the entire planting process.

[0028] (3) Chicory sowing: To facilitate harvesting and increase yield, the method of digging furrows and ridges and sowing seeds is adopted. Depending on the size of the soil, 80cm-120cm wide ridges are made, and the furrow width is 20cm to facilitate drainage and ventilation. The chicory seeds are mixed with sand and evenly sown on the ridges, and then the soil is thoroughly moistened by spraying water for about 5 days until the seedlings emerge.

[0029] (4) Harvesting and post-care of chicory: Chicory can be harvested when it grows to 40cm-60cm (harvesting too early will affect the yield, and harvesting too late will cause the shoots to enter reproductive growth and reduce the protein content). Harvesting should be done on sunny and cloudy days. Harvesting on rainy days is strictly prohibited to avoid soil compaction caused by trampling and infection of chicory wounds, resulting in reduced yield and plant death.

[0030] (5) About 7 days after harvesting, chicory will grow new shoots of about 7-10 cm, and the first fertilization will begin with the manure produced by the farm's fully ecologically raised Chinese native pigs. The Chinese native pig breeds selected by the farm are purebred Wujin pigs, Xiangxi black pigs or Luodai black pigs, etc.

[0031] The manure liquid is separated into dry manure and liquid manure after being dry-wet separated. The dry manure is fermented by composting and anaerobic fermentation is carried out. The liquid manure is precipitated at multiple stages and then a fermentation agent is added in a certain proportion for aerobic fermentation. The dry manure is used as organic fertilizer for base fertilizer when the land is plowed, and the liquid manure is used for topdressing.

[0032] Before liquid manure fermentation, the pH value, temperature, and nutrient content of the manure liquid are tested and adjusted appropriately. Generally speaking, it is more appropriate to keep the pH value of the manure liquid at 6.5-7.5, and the fermentation effect is better when the temperature is above 15°C. If the temperature is too low, appropriate insulation measures can be taken. During the fermentation process, the temperature, humidity, ventilation and other conditions need to be controlled. Under normal circumstances, the fermentation temperature is controlled between 55-70°C, and sufficient oxygen is provided for the fermentation process through regular stirring or ventilation to accelerate the decomposition and conversion of organic matter.

[0033] During the fermentation process, it is also necessary to regularly test various indicators of the fermented manure liquid, such as temperature, pH value, odor, color, etc., to timely understand the progress of the fermentation. When the temperature of the manure liquid begins to drop, the pH value tends to stabilize, the odor changes from foul odor to slightly sour or odorless, and the color changes to dark brown or black, it indicates that the fermentation is basically completed.

[0034] (6) Apply the second crop after an interval of 10 days, and then wait for about 20 days before harvesting. Repeat this method to ensure high yield of chicory, free of pests and diseases, and rich in nutrition.

[0035] (7) The harvested chicory is directly crushed in a crusher and mixed with mature corn to feed Chinese native pigs, or processed into silage and stored, and then fed together with mature corn to Chinese native pigs. No industrial feed is added throughout the process, and fully ecological farming is carried out.

[0036] By organically combining chicory planting with the ecological breeding of Chinese native pigs, the harvested chicory is mixed with corn as pig feed instead of industrial feed, which greatly improves the meat quality of native pigs. The manure produced by native pigs during the breeding process is processed through multiple steps and used as organic fertilizer in the chicory planting process on site, reducing or eliminating the use of chemical fertilizers. This not only protects the environment, but also reduces the cost of breeding to a certain extent.

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of these embodiments are made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient green breeding method based on chicory-pig, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Selection of chicory varieties: The chicory variety Qianyu No. 1 bred by Guizhou Grassland Research Institute was selected; (2) Selection of planting land: Choose a plot with good drainage to plant chicory. Test the soil before planting to ensure that drug residues and heavy metals do not exceed the standard. Do not use pesticides, fertilizers, or herbicides during the entire planting process. (3) Sowing of chicory: The method of digging furrows and ridges and broadcasting seeds is adopted. Depending on the size of the soil, ridges with a width of 80 cm to 120 cm are made, and the furrow width is 20 cm to facilitate drainage and ventilation. The chicory seeds are mixed with sand and evenly broadcast on the ridges, and then the soil is thoroughly moistened by spraying water for about 5 days until the seedlings emerge. (4) Harvesting and post-care of chicory: Chicory can be harvested when it grows to 40cm-60cm. Harvesting can be done on sunny and cloudy days. (5) First topdressing: About 7 days after harvest, the chicory will grow new shoots of about 7-10 cm, and the first topdressing will begin with manure produced by the fully ecological Chinese native pigs raised on the farm; The manure liquid is separated into dry manure and liquid manure through dry and wet separation. The dry manure is fermented by composting and anaerobic fermentation. The liquid manure is subjected to multi-stage precipitation and then added with fermentation agent in a certain proportion for aerobic fermentation. The dry manure is used as organic fertilizer for base fertilizer when the land is plowed, and the liquid manure is used for topdressing. (6) Subsequent topdressing: Apply fertilizer for the second time after an interval of 10 days, and then wait for about 20 days before harvesting, and repeat this method; (7) Ecological farming: The harvested chicory is directly crushed in a grinder and mixed with mature corn to feed Chinese native pigs, or processed into silage and stored, and then fed together with mature corn to feed Chinese native pigs. No industrial feed is added throughout the process, and fully ecological farming is carried out.

2. The chicory-pig efficient green breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before liquid manure fermentation, the pH, temperature and nutrient content of the liquid manure are tested and appropriately adjusted to control the pH value of the liquid manure between 6.5-7.

5.

3. The high-efficiency green breeding method based on chicory-pig according to claim 1 is characterized in that: During the liquid manure fermentation process, the temperature, humidity and ventilation should be controlled well. The fermentation temperature should be controlled between 55-70℃. Through regular stirring or ventilation, sufficient oxygen is provided to the fermentation process to accelerate the decomposition and conversion of organic matter.

4. The high-efficiency green breeding method based on chicory-pig according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: During the liquid manure fermentation process, the temperature, pH value, odor and color of the fermented manure liquid are regularly tested. When the temperature of the manure liquid begins to drop, the pH value tends to stabilize, the odor changes from foul smell to slightly sour or odorless, and the color changes to dark brown or black, it indicates that the fermentation is basically completed.

5. The high-efficiency green breeding method based on chicory-pig according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The Chinese native pig breeds selected by the breeding farm are purebred Wujin pig, Xiangxi black pig or Luodai black pig.

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