A method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomato grafted on rootstocks

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural seedling raising, and specifically discloses a seedling raising method for double-head tomato grafted on rootstock. The seedling raising method for double-head tomato grafted on rootstock comprises the following steps: S1, substrate preparation: mixing peat soil, vermiculite, perlite and coconut husk in a weight ratio of 5: (2-2.5):2: (3-4), then blending with an antibacterial liquid until the humidity of the solid-liquid blend reaches 80-85%, obtaining a substrate material, laying, hole pressing, and obtaining a substrate; S2, sowing and germination; S3, removing growth points to form double heads; S4, grafting and healing; S5, transplanting and growing: obtaining double-head grafted tomato seedlings. The seedling raising method not only reduces planting cost and improves yield in the planting season, but also improves the survival rate of double-head grafted tomato seedlings to the same level as that of single-head grafted tomato seedlings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of agricultural seedling cultivation, and in particular to a method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock. Background Technology

[0002] Tomato seedling cultivation is a crucial step in greenhouse tomato production, and its quality directly impacts the yield, quality, disease resistance, and cost of long-term tomato cultivation. Excellent seedling cultivation methods not only increase tomato yield and quality but also reduce seed consumption, thereby alleviating the economic burden on growers. Currently, the most widely used seedling cultivation methods on the market include single-head grafting and non-grafting methods. While these methods can meet production needs to a certain extent, there is still significant room for improvement in reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0003] Among the existing methods for raising tomato seedlings, there are two common approaches: one is grafting, which involves grafting the rootstock and scion together. Although this method is simple to operate, it requires a large amount of seeds and has a high planting cost. The other is non-grafting seedling raising, which involves directly sowing tomato seeds. This method requires less seeds, but the seedling period is longer, and it is also susceptible to pests and diseases, resulting in a lower yield per planting season.

[0004] Some researchers have proposed using double-headed grafting for tomato seedling cultivation to reduce planting costs and increase yield during the growing season. This method generally includes substrate preparation, sowing and germination, grafting healing, and transplanting. However, because tomato seedlings are not known for their high survival rate, improper post-grafting management can lead to false survival, wound infection, and other problems, thus reducing the survival rate. Some researchers have suggested adding pesticides and fungicides to the substrate preparation and grafting healing stages to protect the seedlings, but so far, the effects have been limited, and the survival rate of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings still falls short of that of single-headed grafted seedlings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Matrix preparation: Mix peat moss, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir in a weight ratio of 5:(2-2.5):2:(3-4), then mix with antibacterial liquid until the moisture content of the solid-liquid mixture reaches 80-85%, to obtain the matrix material, lay it, press it into the cavity, and obtain the matrix.

[0008] S2. Sowing and Germination: Place the rootstock seeds and different varieties of tomato seeds into the holes of the substrate, and cover and smooth the holes with vermiculite. Then place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and tomato seeds in the dark. After the seeds germinate, maintain a humidity level of 180-220 μmol / m³. 2 The seeds were kept under a supplemental light intensity of / s, humidity of 80-85%, temperature of 20-25℃, and CO2 concentration of 550-650ppm. The supplemental light intensity was maintained for 10 hours a day, and the ambient temperature without supplemental light was 18℃. After 14 days, all the seeds germinated and reached the three-leaf-one-heart state, resulting in rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties.

[0009] S3. Remove the growing point to separate the two heads: Remove the growing point 1cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock seedling and the tomato seedlings of different varieties. After the lateral buds grow from the base of the cotyledons on both sides, you will get the rootstock seedling to be grafted and the tomato seedlings of different varieties to be grafted.

[0010] S4. Grafting Healing: Grafting should be performed after the newly grown lateral buds have a thickness of ≥2mm. After grafting, spray water mist onto the grafting site, wrap it with plastic wrap, make holes, and move it to a dark place. Place it under conditions of 23-25℃ and 80-85% humidity. After the grafting site has healed, supplemental lighting should be started for ten days, with a light intensity of 20-200 umol / m². 2 / s, growth will resume after the grafting site has completely healed;

[0011] S5. Transplanting and growth: When the newly grown lateral buds grow to more than 15cm, transplant them into coconut coir strips until different varieties of tomato seedlings grow at the grafting point, thus obtaining double-headed grafted tomato seedlings.

[0012] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, the substrate of this application, compared with traditional substrates that do not use coconut coir, can better retain soil moisture while avoiding root rot caused by excessive moisture. Furthermore, the rational proportion of coconut coir with other substrate materials such as peat moss, vermiculite, and perlite can further optimize the overall performance of the substrate and improve the success rate of seedling cultivation. Specifically, the water retention and aeration of coconut coir combined with the nutrient supply capacity of peat moss, the drainage of vermiculite, and the looseness of perlite create a high-quality substrate that is conducive to both seed germination and healthy seedling growth.

[0013] Furthermore, this application incorporates an antibacterial solution to ensure the substrate has good air permeability and water retention, while effectively inhibiting the growth of pathogens and improving the health of seedlings. Under suitable light, humidity, temperature, and CO2 concentration conditions, seeds can germinate rapidly and reach the three-leaf-one-heart stage, ensuring the growth rate and quality of seedlings. By removing the growing points of the rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings, the growth of lateral buds is promoted, achieving the goal of double-headed grafting and improving the diversity and ornamental value of seedlings. Grafting is carried out under strict temperature and humidity conditions, and the supplemental light intensity is gradually increased, promoting the healing of the grafting site, reducing the risk of wound infection, and improving the grafting success rate. By planting into coconut coir strips, it is ensured that the grafted tomato seedlings continue to grow in a suitable environment, ultimately forming healthy double-headed grafted tomato seedlings, improving yield and quality.

[0014] In summary, this application significantly improves the survival rate and yield of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings, effectively reduces seed usage during seedling cultivation, decreases the risk of pests and diseases, and increases product diversity. Each rootstock seedling and each tomato seedling can be topped and divided, achieving efficient grafting. Furthermore, based on a tomato seed cost of 15 yuan per seed and a rootstock seed cost of 1 yuan per seed, each double-headed grafted tomato seedling can save 8 yuan in costs. The rootstock seeds and tomato seeds mentioned in this application are merely examples and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application. Those skilled in the art can replace them according to the actual situation.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the weight ratio of charcoal, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir is 5:2.2:2:3.8.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, this application fixes the weight ratio of peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir at 5:2.2:2:3.8. This specific ratio effectively balances the substrate's aeration, water retention, and nutrient supply capacity. If the ratio exceeds this range, such as increasing the proportion of peat moss, the substrate may become too compact, affecting root respiration and water absorption, thereby reducing seedling survival rate. Conversely, increasing the proportion of vermiculite or perlite will make the substrate too loose, making it difficult to retain sufficient moisture and nutrients, resulting in slow seedling growth or even death due to water shortage. A low proportion of coconut coir will affect the substrate's water retention capacity, while a high proportion may cause the substrate to become too moist, increasing the risk of pathogen growth.

[0017] Preferably, in step S1, the antibacterial solution comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanolate methyl ester, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of (2-2.5):(4-5):1.6:2:3200.

[0018] Preferably, the antibacterial solution comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, methyl N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanate, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of 2.2:4.5:1.6:2:3200.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, this application utilizes the excellent antibacterial and root-growth-promoting effects of chitosan oligosaccharide, the effective prevention of bacterial and fungal infections by tetracycline hydrochloride and mancozeb, and the enhancement of plant stress resistance by N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanine methyl ester. Furthermore, the combination of chitosan oligosaccharide and tetracycline hydrochloride exhibits a synergistic effect. The combined effects of these components further improve the survival rate of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings. Based on this, this application strictly controls the ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide and tetracycline hydrochloride to maximize their synergistic effect.

[0020] Preferably, in step S2, a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1-2 g / L is sprayed onto the substrate containing rootstock seeds and tomato seeds. The nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of (10.5-12):(4-7.2):(4.5-6.5):2.4.

[0021] Preferably, the nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of 11.6:6:6:2.4.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solutions, not only can the survival rate of tomato seedlings be significantly improved, but root development and root vitality can also be effectively promoted. Nutrients such as Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O, and KH2PO4 in the nutrient solution provide essential mineral elements for seed germination and early seedling growth, especially calcium, potassium, magnesium, and phosphorus. These elements play important roles in cell wall formation, energy metabolism, and protein synthesis. Calcium stabilizes cell membrane structure and enhances cell resistance; potassium promotes photosynthesis and carbohydrate transport, improving the overall growth vigor of the plant; magnesium is an important component of chlorophyll, helping to improve photosynthetic efficiency; and phosphorus participates in energy transfer processes, promoting rapid root growth. Furthermore, the rational formulation and timely application of the nutrient solution ensure that seedlings receive sufficient nutrient supply during key growth periods, thereby accelerating root expansion and thickening, improving seedling absorption capacity and disease resistance, and ultimately achieving high survival rates and high yields of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings.

[0023] Preferably, in step S2, when spraying the nutrient solution, different concentrations are applied, specifically as follows:

[0024] Place rootstock seeds and different tomato varieties into the holes of the substrate, and cover and smooth the holes with vermiculite. Then place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and tomato seeds in the dark. After the seeds germinate, maintain a humidity level of 180-220 μmol / m³. 2 Continue to place the seeds under the following conditions: light intensity of / s, humidity of 80-85%, temperature of 20-25℃, and CO2 concentration of 550-650ppm. At this time, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution of 1g / L and maintain the light intensity for 10 hours a day. The ambient temperature without supplemental light is 18℃. After 7 days, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution of 2g / L. After another 7 days, all the seeds will germinate and reach the three-leaf-one-heart state, thus obtaining rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties.

[0025] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solutions, the germination and early growth of rootstock and different tomato varieties can be effectively promoted, ensuring the healthy state of the seeds after germination. This application gradually increases the concentration of the nutrient solution, ensuring that the plants receive appropriate nutrient supply at different growth stages, avoiding poor growth due to insufficient or excessive nutrition, thereby improving the germination rate and seedling vigor. In particular, under precise control of supplemental lighting intensity, humidity, temperature, and CO2 concentration, seedling conditions are further optimized, significantly improving the germination speed and quality of seeds. Ultimately, rootstock seedlings and different tomato varieties can grow rapidly and uniformly to the three-leaf-one-heart stage, laying a good foundation for subsequent grafting.

[0026] Preferably, in step S4, the light intensity is increased sequentially during supplemental lighting, specifically as follows:

[0027] The light intensity on the first day was 20 μmol / m³. 2 / s, the light intensity the next day was 40umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the third day was 60umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fourth day was 80umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fifth day was 100umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the sixth day was 120umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the seventh day was 140umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the eighth day was 160umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the ninth day was 180umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the last day was 200umol / m 2 / s.

[0028] The grafting wound has just healed and cannot tolerate strong sunlight. Excessive transpiration will cause water to accumulate at the wound, slowing down the healing process. However, completely shutting off supplemental lighting is also not advisable, as extremely weak transpiration will hinder healing. As the grafting wound heals, the light intensity should be gradually increased until it fully adapts to the normal light intensity of the seedling nursery. This method of gradually increasing supplemental lighting effectively promotes grafting wound healing, avoids physiological stress caused by sudden changes in light intensity, and significantly improves the survival rate of grafted seedlings. Specifically, the daily increase in light intensity helps the grafted seedlings gradually adapt to the light conditions, reducing problems such as excessive water evaporation and leaf burn caused by sudden exposure to high light intensity, thus ensuring smooth healing of the grafting site and improving the final survival rate.

[0029] Secondly, this application provides a double-headed grafted tomato seedling cultivated using the above-mentioned seedling raising method, with a survival rate of not less than 95% and a yield of not less than 25 kg / m². 2 / Planting season.

[0030] In summary, this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. By preparing the substrate and using antibacterial solution, combined with strict control of light, temperature and humidity, the survival rate of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings was significantly improved, solving the problem of low survival rate in existing technologies;

[0032] 2. By precisely controlling the composition of the nutrient solution and the changes in the intensity of supplemental light, especially by spraying a low concentration of nutrient solution in the early stage of seed germination and then spraying a double concentration of nutrient solution 7 days later, the rapid germination and healthy growth of seeds were effectively promoted, the seedling cycle was shortened, and the seedling efficiency was improved.

[0033] 3. By grafting two different tomato varieties onto the rootstock, the diversity and ornamental value of the product are increased, the amount of expensive seeds used is reduced, and the planting cost is lowered. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the three leaves and one heart;

[0035] Figure 2 A diagram illustrating the cutting of rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties after they have reached the grafting thickness;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the grafting site during the grafting healing process;

[0037] Figure 4 A diagram illustrating different tomato varieties growing on either side of a rootstock seedling;

[0038] Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the details of the grafting process. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Material source

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in this application are commercially available products, specifically:

[0041] The peat was purchased from Hebei Houkang Mineral Products Co., Ltd.

[0042] Vermiculite was purchased from Xinyang Houpu Mining Co., Ltd.

[0043] Perlite was purchased from Zhongzheng Perlite Factory in Pingqiao District, Xinyang City.

[0044] The coconut coir was purchased from Lingshou County Shiyu Mining Co., Ltd.

[0045] Methyl N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanate was purchased from Linyi Qingfengnian Agricultural Materials Co., Ltd., with a purity of 68% and CAS number 70630-17-0.

[0046] Manganese zinc was purchased from Hubei Jiufenglong Chemical Co., Ltd., CAS No. 8018-01-7;

[0047] Rootstock seeds were purchased from the Vegetable Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Warrior 6.

[0048] Cherry tomato seeds were purchased from Shouguang Huano Seed Store (Taiwan Nuofen 008) and from the Vegetable Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Nanguohong 1).

[0049] Chitosan oligosaccharide was purchased from Zhongke Rongxin (Suzhou) Biotechnology Co., Ltd., LCOS;

[0050] Tetracycline hydrochloride was purchased from Shanghai Titan Technology Co., Ltd., with a purity of 98%.

[0051] Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O, and KH2PO4 were all purchased from Aladdin.

[0052] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and comparative examples.

[0053] Example 1.1

[0054] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Matrix preparation: Mix peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir in a weight ratio of 5:2:2:4. Then mix N-(2,6-xylyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanol methyl ester, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of 1.6:2:3200 to obtain an antibacterial solution. Mix the peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir with the antibacterial solution until the moisture content of the solid-liquid mixture reaches 85% to obtain the matrix material. Lay the mixed matrix material in the seed tray and use a cavitation presser to press out 1cm deep holes on the surface of the matrix to complete the matrix preparation and obtain the matrix.

[0056] S2. Sowing and Germination: Place rootstock seeds and two different varieties of cherry tomato seeds into the holes of the substrate, two seeds per hole, and cover the holes with vermiculite until smooth. Then, place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and cherry tomato seeds in the dark for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 24℃. After the seeds germinate, apply 220 μmol / m³ of water. 2 The space was kept under supplemental lighting conditions of 80% humidity, 25°C, and 550ppm CO2 concentration for 10 hours daily. The ambient temperature without supplemental lighting was 18°C. Figure 1 As shown, after 14 days, all the seeds germinated and reached the three-leaf-one-heart stage, yielding rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties. The seedlings were irrigated every three days, and the spray solution was clean water.

[0057] S3. Remove the growth point to create a double-headed structure: (e.g., ...) Figure 2 As shown, the growing point 1cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock seedlings and different varieties of tomato seedlings is removed, leaving the lower half. After lateral buds grow from the base of the cotyledons on both sides, the rootstock seedlings to be grafted and different varieties of tomato seedlings to be grafted are obtained.

[0058] S4. Grafting Healing: Grafting should be performed after the newly grown lateral buds have a thickness ≥2mm. Irrigate two days before grafting, but not on the day of grafting. During grafting, use a blade to cut the new buds on both sides of the rootstock and the scion cherry tomato seedlings of different varieties at a 45° angle, 1cm from the newly grown lateral buds on the rootstock. Select rootstock seedlings and cherry tomato seedlings of similar thickness for grafting. Figure 3 As shown, a 2.0mm diameter grafting ring was used to cover the grafting site. After grafting, the grafting site was first sprayed with water to increase the relative humidity near the wound. At the same time, plastic wrap was wrapped around the grafting site, and holes were poked in the plastic wrap. The site was then moved to a dark place and placed at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 80% for 72 hours. After the grafting site healed, supplemental lighting was started for ten days at a light intensity of 100umol / m². 2 / s, growth will resume after the grafting site has completely healed;

[0059] S5. Transplanting and Growth: Once the newly grown lateral buds have reached a height of 15cm or more, transplant them into coconut coir strips for long-term cultivation until different varieties of tomato seedlings grow from the grafting point. Figure 4-5 As shown, a double-headed grafted tomato seedling was obtained.

[0060] Example 1.2

[0061] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock includes the following steps:

[0062] S1. Matrix preparation: Mix peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir in a weight ratio of 5:2.5:2:3. Then mix N-(2,6-xylyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanol methyl ester, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of 1.6:2:3200 to obtain an antibacterial solution. Mix the peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir with the antibacterial solution until the moisture content of the solid-liquid mixture reaches 80% to obtain the matrix material. Lay the mixed matrix material in the seed tray and use a cavitation press to press out 1cm deep holes on the matrix surface to complete the matrix preparation and obtain the matrix.

[0063] S2. Sowing and Germination: Place rootstock seeds and two different varieties of cherry tomato seeds into the holes of the substrate, two seeds per hole, and cover the holes with vermiculite until smooth. Then, place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and cherry tomato seeds in the dark for 48 hours, setting the temperature to a constant 24℃. After the seeds germinate, apply 180 μmol / m³ of water. 2 The space was kept under supplemental lighting conditions of 85% humidity, 20°C, and 650 ppm CO2 concentration for 10 hours daily. The ambient temperature without supplemental lighting was 18°C. Figure 1 As shown, after 14 days, all the seeds germinated and reached the three-leaf-one-heart stage, yielding rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties. The seedlings were irrigated every three days, and the spray solution was clean water.

[0064] S3. Remove the growth point to create a double-headed structure: (e.g., ...) Figure 2 As shown, the growing point 1cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock seedlings and different varieties of tomato seedlings is removed, leaving the lower half. After lateral buds grow from the base of the cotyledons on both sides, the rootstock seedlings to be grafted and different varieties of tomato seedlings to be grafted are obtained.

[0065] S4. Grafting Healing: Grafting should be performed after the newly grown lateral buds have a thickness ≥2mm. Irrigate two days before grafting, but not on the day of grafting. During grafting, use a blade to cut the new buds on both sides of the rootstock and the scion cherry tomato seedlings of different varieties at a 45° angle, 1cm from the newly grown lateral buds on the rootstock. Select rootstock seedlings and cherry tomato seedlings of similar thickness for grafting. Figure 3As shown, a 2.0mm diameter grafting ring was used to cover the grafting site. After grafting, the grafting site was first sprayed with water to increase the relative humidity near the wound. At the same time, plastic wrap was wrapped around the grafting site, and holes were poked in the plastic wrap. The site was then moved to a dark place and placed at a temperature of 23℃ and a humidity of 85% for 72 hours. After the grafting site healed, supplemental lighting was started for ten days at a light intensity of 100umol / m². 2 / s, growth will resume after the grafting site has completely healed;

[0066] S5. Transplanting and Growth: Once the newly grown lateral buds have reached a height of 15cm or more, transplant them into coconut coir strips for long-term cultivation until different varieties of tomato seedlings grow from the grafting point. Figure 4-5 As shown, a double-headed grafted tomato seedling was obtained.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S1, the weight ratio of charcoal, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir is 5:2.2:2:3.8, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.1.

[0069] Example 3.1

[0070] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S1, the antibacterial solution further includes chitosan oligosaccharide and tetracycline hydrochloride, and the weight ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanine methyl ester, mancozeb and water is 2:5:1.6:2:3200, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.1.

[0071] Example 3.2

[0072] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S1, the antibacterial solution further includes chitosan oligosaccharide and tetracycline hydrochloride, and the weight ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanine methyl ester, mancozeb and water is 2.5:4:1.6:2:3200, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.1.

[0073] Example 3.3

[0074] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S1, the antibacterial solution further includes chitosan oligosaccharide and tetracycline hydrochloride, and the weight ratio of chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanine methyl ester, mancozeb, and water is 2.2:4.5:1.6:2:3200, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.1.

[0075] Example 4.1

[0076] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstocks differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S2, the spraying solution is replaced with a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 g / L. The nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O, and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of 10.5:7.2:4.5:2.4.

[0077] Example 4.2

[0078] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstocks differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S2, the spraying solution is replaced with a nutrient solution with a concentration of 2 g / L. The nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O, and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of 12:4:6.5:2.4.

[0079] Example 4.3

[0080] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstocks differs from Example 1.1 in that, in step S2, the spraying solution is replaced with a nutrient solution with a concentration of 1 g / L. The nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O, and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of 11.6:6:6:2.4.

[0081] Example 5.1

[0082] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstocks, differing from Example 4.1, in that, in step S2, the nutrient solution is sprayed at different concentrations, specifically as follows:

[0083] Rootstock seeds and seeds of two different cherry tomato varieties were placed in the wells of the substrate, two seeds per well. The wells were then covered and leveled with vermiculite. The substrate containing the rootstock seeds and cherry tomato seeds was then placed in the dark for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 24°C. After the seeds germinated, they were treated with 180 μmol / m³ of [amount missing]. 2Continue to place the substrate under supplemental light intensity of / s, 85% humidity, 20℃ temperature, and 650ppm CO2 concentration. During this time, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution concentration of 1g / L, maintaining the supplemental light intensity for 10 hours daily. The ambient temperature without supplemental light is 18℃. Figure 1 As shown, after 7 days, a nutrient solution with a concentration of 2g / L was sprayed. After another 7 days, all the seeds sprouted and reached the three-leaf-one-heart stage, resulting in rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties.

[0084] Example 5.2

[0085] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstocks, differing from Example 4.3, in step S2, involves spraying the nutrient solution at different concentrations, specifically as follows:

[0086] Rootstock seeds and seeds of two different cherry tomato varieties were placed in the wells of the substrate, two seeds per well. The wells were then covered and leveled with vermiculite. The substrate containing the rootstock seeds and cherry tomato seeds was then placed in the dark for 48 hours at a constant temperature of 24°C. After the seeds germinated, they were treated with 180 μmol / m³ of [amount missing]. 2 Continue to place the substrate under supplemental light intensity of / s, 85% humidity, 20℃ temperature, and 650ppm CO2 concentration. During this time, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution concentration of 1g / L, maintaining the supplemental light intensity for 10 hours daily. The ambient temperature without supplemental light is 18℃. Figure 1 As shown, after 7 days, a nutrient solution with a concentration of 2g / L was sprayed. After another 7 days, all the seeds sprouted and reached the three-leaf-one-heart stage, resulting in rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties.

[0087] Example 6

[0088] A method for cultivating seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock, differing from Example 1.1, in that, in step S4, the light intensity is increased sequentially during supplemental lighting, specifically as follows:

[0089] The light intensity on the first day was 20 μmol / m³. 2 / s, the light intensity the next day was 40umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the third day was 60umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fourth day was 80umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fifth day was 100umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the sixth day was 120umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the seventh day was 140umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the eighth day was 160umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the ninth day was 180umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the last day was 200umol / m 2 / s.

[0090] Comparative Example 1

[0091] The difference from Example 1.1 is that step S3 is removed, while the rest is the same as in Example 1.1.

[0092] Comparative Example 2

[0093] The difference from Example 1.1 is that in step S1, the weight ratio of charcoal, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir is 5:1.5:2:5, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.1.

[0094] Comparative Example 3

[0095] The difference from Example 1.1 is that in step S1, the weight ratio of charcoal, vermiculite, perlite and coconut coir is 5:3:2:2, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.1.

[0096] Growth data detection

[0097] The double-headed grafted tomato seedlings obtained in the above embodiments and comparative examples were transplanted in a greenhouse. 100 seedlings were transplanted in each embodiment and comparative example group for comparison. The average data of the comparison are shown in Table 1.

[0098] Table 1 Growth Data Detection Table

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Data Analysis:

[0102] As shown in Table 1, this application increases product diversity and ornamental value by grafting two different tomato varieties onto rootstock, reduces the amount of expensive seeds used, and lowers planting costs. On this basis, through substrate preparation and the use of antibacterial solution, combined with strict control of light, temperature, and humidity, the survival rate of double-headed grafted tomato seedlings is significantly improved, solving the problem of low survival rate in existing technologies. Furthermore, by precisely controlling the composition of the nutrient solution and the changes in the intensity of supplemental light, especially by spraying a low-concentration nutrient solution in the early stage of seed germination and then spraying a double-concentration nutrient solution 7 days later, the rapid germination and healthy growth of seeds are effectively promoted, the seedling cycle is shortened, and the seedling efficiency is improved.

[0103] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Matrix preparation: Mix peat moss, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir in a weight ratio of 5:(2-2.5):2:(3-4), then mix with antibacterial solution until the moisture content of the solid-liquid mixture reaches 80-85%, to obtain matrix material. Lay it out and press it into the cavity to obtain the matrix. The antibacterial solution includes chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanol methyl ester, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of (2-2.5):(4-5):1.6:2:3200. S2. Sowing and Germination: Place the rootstock seeds and different varieties of tomato seeds into the holes of the substrate, and cover and smooth the holes with vermiculite. Then place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and tomato seeds in the dark. After the seeds germinate, maintain a humidity level of 180-220 μmol / m³. 2 The seeds were kept under a supplemental light intensity of / s, humidity of 80-85%, temperature of 20-25℃, and CO2 concentration of 550-650ppm. The supplemental light intensity was maintained for 10 hours a day, and the ambient temperature without supplemental light was 18℃. After 14 days, all the seeds germinated and reached the three-leaf-one-heart state, and rootstock seedlings and different varieties of tomato seedlings were obtained. Nutrient solution with a concentration of 1-2g / L was sprayed on the substrate containing rootstock seeds and tomato seeds. The nutrients in the nutrient solution included Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of (10.5-12):(4-7.2):(4.5-6.5):2.

4. S3. Remove the growing point to separate the two heads: Remove the growing point 1cm above the cotyledons of the rootstock seedling and the tomato seedlings of different varieties. After the lateral buds grow from the base of the cotyledons on both sides, you will get the rootstock seedling to be grafted and the tomato seedlings of different varieties to be grafted. S4. Grafting Healing: Grafting should be performed after the newly grown lateral buds have a thickness of ≥2mm. After grafting, spray water mist onto the grafting site, wrap it with plastic wrap, make holes, and move it to a dark place. Place it under conditions of 23-25℃ and 80-85% humidity. After the grafting site has healed, supplemental lighting should be started for ten days, with a light intensity of 20-200 umol / m². 2 / s, after the grafting site has completely healed and growth resumes, the light intensity should be increased sequentially during supplemental lighting, specifically as follows: The light intensity on the first day was 20 μmol / m³. 2 / s, the light intensity the next day was 40umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the third day was 60umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fourth day was 80umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the fifth day was 100umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the sixth day was 120umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the seventh day was 140umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the eighth day was 160umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the ninth day was 180umol / m 2 / s, the light intensity on the last day was 200umol / m 2 / s; S5. Transplanting and Growth: Once the newly grown lateral buds have reached a height of 15cm or more, transplant them into coconut coir strips until different varieties of tomato seedlings grow at the grafting point, resulting in double-headed grafted tomato seedlings. The survival rate should be no less than 95%, and the yield should be no less than 25kg / m². 2 / Planting season.

2. The method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the weight ratio of charcoal, vermiculite, perlite, and coconut coir is 5:2.2:2:3.

8.

3. The method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antibacterial solution comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, tetracycline hydrochloride, methyl N-(2,6-dimethyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-propanate, mancozeb, and water in a weight ratio of 2.2:4.5:1.6:2:3200.

4. The method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomatoes grafted onto rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nutrients in the nutrient solution include Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and KH2PO4 in a weight ratio of 11.6:6:6:2.

4.

5. The method for raising seedlings of double-headed tomato grafted onto rootstock according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when spraying the nutrient solution, different concentrations are applied, specifically as follows: Place rootstock seeds and different tomato varieties into the holes of the substrate, and cover and smooth the holes with vermiculite. Then place the substrate containing the rootstock seeds and tomato seeds in the dark. After the seeds germinate, maintain a humidity level of 180-220 μmol / m³. 2 Continue to place the seeds under the following conditions: light intensity of / s, humidity of 80-85%, temperature of 20-25℃, and CO2 concentration of 550-650ppm. At this time, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution of 1g / L and maintain the light intensity for 10 hours a day. The ambient temperature without supplemental light is 18℃. After 7 days, spray the substrate with a nutrient solution of 2g / L. After another 7 days, all the seeds will germinate and reach the three-leaf-one-heart state, thus obtaining rootstock seedlings and tomato seedlings of different varieties.

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