Biological straw feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological straw feed and a preparation method thereof. The biological straw feed is prepared by mixing corn straw, alfalfa, sweet potato seedlings, wheat bran, corn flour, cake meal, molasses or brown sugar and a bacterium-enzyme integrated preparation, and then performing enzymolysis and fermentation processing, the bacterium-enzyme integrated preparation is prepared from bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase according to an equal volume ratio, and the preparation method of the biological straw feed comprises the following steps: crushing corn straw, alfalfa, sweet potato seedlings, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal, sieving, and uniformly stirring to obtain raw material powder; adding the bacterium-enzyme integrated preparation into the raw material powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a fermented material; preparing molasses or brown sugar into sweet water according to a formula, uniformly spraying the sweet water into the fermented material, sealing and fermenting for a period of time, and drying in the sun after fermentation to obtain the biological straw feed which can improve the reproductive performance and growth performance of sows and reduce the generation of odor in pigsties.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed, and in particular relates to a biological straw feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of intensive and large-scale pig farming, the problem of sow constipation has gradually become prominent. According to statistics, about 20%-35% of sows are deeply troubled by constipation, especially in the two stages of pre-partum and postpartum, the incidence rate is sometimes as high as 60%, which seriously affects the production performance of sows and damages the economic benefits of pig farming. Adding crude fiber to the diet is a good choice to improve the reproductive performance of sows. High-fiber diets can significantly reduce hunger and alleviate behavioral problems related to restricted feeding. In addition, adding fiber feed to sow feed can reduce the content of ammonia, skatole and other odors in sow excrement. my country is rich in straw resources. Straw is a valuable biomass energy resource with rich lignocellulose. The development of straw resources can not only increase its value, but also has important significance for the development of society. However, the straw has a rough texture, poor palatability, and low nutritional value, which leads to low digestion and utilization rate of animals. Therefore, in order to meet the production needs of animals, it is of great significance to develop straw into straw feed rich in sugar, dietary fiber and probiotics.

[0003] In addition, when pig feed passes through the digestive tract, the nutrients in the feed are digested, providing the necessary nutrients and energy for animal growth and development, while those unused nutrients and endogenous secretions are excreted through urine and feces. These substances are degraded by microorganisms, including anaerobic fermentation in the intestines and microbial action after excretion. This degradation process will produce a large amount of nitrogen-containing compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, indole, skatole and other odors. The generation of odors is greatly affected by the digestibility of feed and the function of the pig's digestive tract. Existing pig feed cannot effectively improve the reproductive performance of sows. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve at least one problem in the prior art and to provide a biological straw feed and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention proposes a bio-straw feed, which is prepared by mixing corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour, cake, molasses or brown sugar, and an integrated bacterial enzyme preparation, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. The integrated bacterial enzyme preparation is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume proportions, and the added amount of the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation is 0.5% to 2% of the weight of the bio-straw feed.

[0006] Preferably, the bio-straw feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of corn straw, 14-17 parts of alfalfa, 14-17 parts of sweet potato vines, 13-16 parts of wheat bran, 13-16 parts of corn flour, 8-11 parts of cake, 1-3 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 0.8-2 parts of integrated bacterial enzyme preparation.

[0007] Preferably, the bio-straw feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn stalks, 16 parts of alfalfa, 16 parts of sweet potato vines, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of cake, 2 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 1 part of integrated bacterial enzyme preparation.

[0008] Preferably, the bacterial activity of the Bacillus subtilis and the lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, the spores of the cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase were both 2*10 9 Pieces / mL.

[0009] Preferably, the added amount of the cellulase is 0.02 g / Kg.

[0010] Preferably, the bio-straw feed is used to feed empty or replacement gilts, pregnant or lactating sows to improve the reproductive performance of sows and reduce pig house odor.

[0011] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing the above-mentioned biological straw feed, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines are air-dried to a moisture content of 55%-65%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal are weighed according to the formula, crushed, sieved and stirred to obtain raw material powder;

[0013] Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material;

[0014] Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermented material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermented material reaches the level that it can be held in the hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermented material evenly mixed with the syrup is made into a package, sealed and fermented for a period of time. After the fermentation is completed, the package is opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

[0015] Preferably, when the sealed fermentation is fermented in an environment of not less than 25°C, the fermentation time is 5 to 7 days; when the sealed fermentation is fermented in an environment of less than 25°C, the fermentation time is 10 to 12 days.

[0016] Preferably, the screening is carried out on a filter with a pore size of 1.9 cm-2.1 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the nutritional indicators of the biological straw feed are as follows: pH value 4-5, crude protein 9%-11%, crude fiber content 22%-25%, neutral detergent fiber 31%-34%, acid detergent fiber 14%-17%, lactic acid 5mmol / L-6mmol / L.

[0018] The enzyme efficacy of the integrated enzyme preparation: after inoculation of Bacillus subtilis in corn straw raw materials and fermentation, the neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin of corn straw decreased by 7.19%, 13.1% and 24.8% respectively; lactic acid bacteria can convert the sugar produced by decomposing cellulose and hemicellulose by glucanase, pectinase and hydroxymethyl cellulase into lactose through the glycolysis pathway; cellulase can degrade cell walls, release part of the sugar, supply lactic acid fermentation, and supplement the lack of sugar. Cellulase has a higher degradation rate for alfalfa cellulose; polysaccharide monooxygenase (lytic monosaccharide polyoxygenase) is a highly efficient auxiliary active enzyme for lignocellulose degradation, which is very effective for Xylan and cellulose have an oxidative effect and can participate in the degradation of cellulose, significantly enhancing the cellulase hydrolysis reaction. After 24 hours of synergistic degradation of microcrystalline cellulose by polysaccharide monooxygenase and cellulase, the glucose content produced is increased by 31%; the bacterial enzyme treatment of corn stalks by the bacterial enzyme of the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation can improve its chemical composition and destroy the microstructure of the cell wall, thereby improving the utilization rate; microbial preparations such as lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus can improve feed nutrition and promote the digestion and absorption of nutrients by sows. The enzyme produced by Bacillus in the large intestine can completely oxidize indole compounds such as skatole into odorless, non-toxic and non-polluting substances, reducing the odor of feces. The inventors have found through experiments that the bacterial enzyme integrated preparation using the unique ratio of this application and the bacterial enzyme type selection is better than other bacteria or enzymes in terms of feeding effect and reducing odor concentration.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the bio-straw feed prepared by mixing corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour, cake meal, molasses or brown sugar, and a bacterial enzyme integrated preparation and then subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation can replace part of the basic diet for feeding sows. Adding easily digestible fiber or non-starch polysaccharides to the feed is also beneficial for reducing protein fermentation in the large intestine, reducing sow constipation, having good palatability, improving pig appetite, enhancing the disease resistance of piglets, improving feed conversion rate, reducing the nitrogen content in excrement, and thus reducing NH in pig houses. 3 , H 2 The concentration of S and odor can be reduced, breeding pollution can be reduced, and the reproductive performance and growth performance of sows can be improved; the bio-straw feed uses corn straw, alfalfa and sweet potato vines as main raw materials, which can reduce feeding costs, is economical and applicable, and can make full use of a large amount of non-food resources to alleviate the problem of competition between humans and animals for food; the preparation method of the bio-straw feed is simple and suitable for promotion.

[0020] The features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail through embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The present embodiment provides a bio-straw feed, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (in percentage by weight): 25 parts of corn stalks, 16 parts of alfalfa, 16 parts of sweet potato vines, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of cake, 2 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 1 part of a bacterial enzyme integrated preparation, wherein the bacterial enzyme integrated preparation is composed of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume ratios, and the bacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase spores are 2*10 9 / mL, and the amount of cellulase added was 0.02g / Kg.

[0024] The preparation method of the biological straw feed specifically comprises the following steps:

[0025] Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines are air-dried to a moisture content of 60%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal are weighed according to the formula, crushed and sieved through a filter with a pore size of 2 cm, and stirred to obtain raw material powder;

[0026] Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material;

[0027] Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermentation material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermentation material reaches the level that it can be held in the hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermentation material evenly mixed with the syrup is wrapped into 75kg / bag, sealed and fermented at 25℃ for 5 days. After the fermentation is completed, the package is opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The present embodiment provides a bio-straw feed, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (in percentage by weight): 27 parts of corn stalks, 17 parts of alfalfa, 17 parts of sweet potato vines, 13 parts of wheat bran, 13 parts of corn flour, 9 parts of cake, 2 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 2 parts of bacterial enzyme integrated preparation, wherein the bacterial enzyme integrated preparation is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume ratios, and the bacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase spores are 2*10 9 / mL, and the amount of cellulase added was 0.02g / Kg.

[0030] The preparation method of the biological straw feed specifically comprises the following steps:

[0031] Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines were air-dried to a moisture content of 59%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal were weighed according to the formula, crushed and sieved through a filter with a pore size of 1.9 cm, and stirred to obtain raw material powder;

[0032] Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material;

[0033] Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermented material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermented material reaches the level that it can be held in a ball by hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermented material evenly mixed with the syrup is made into 75kg / bag packages, sealed and fermented at 23℃ for 11 days. After the fermentation is completed, the packages are opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] The present embodiment provides a biological straw feed, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (in percentage by weight): 30 parts of corn straw, 14 parts of alfalfa, 14 parts of sweet potato vines, 16 parts of wheat bran, 16 parts of corn flour, 8 parts of cake, 1 part of molasses or brown sugar, and 1 part of bacterial enzyme integrated preparation, wherein the bacterial enzyme integrated preparation is composed of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume ratios, and the bacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase spores are 2*10 9 / mL, and the amount of cellulase added was 0.02g / Kg.

[0036] The preparation method of the biological straw feed specifically comprises the following steps:

[0037] Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines were air-dried to a moisture content of 61%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal were weighed according to the formula, crushed and sieved through a filter with a pore size of 2 cm, and stirred to obtain raw material powder;

[0038] Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material;

[0039] Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermented material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermented material reaches the level that it can be held in the hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermented material evenly mixed with the syrup is wrapped into 75kg / bag, sealed and fermented at 20℃ for 12 days. After the fermentation is completed, the package is opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

[0040] Example 4

[0041] The present embodiment provides a bio-straw feed, which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight (in percentage by weight): 22 parts of corn stalks, 15 parts of alfalfa, 15 parts of sweet potato vines, 16 parts of wheat bran, 16 parts of corn flour, 11 parts of cake, 3 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 2 parts of a bacterial enzyme integrated preparation, wherein the bacterial enzyme integrated preparation is composed of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume ratios, and the bacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase spores are 2*10 9 / mL, and the amount of cellulase added was 0.02g / Kg.

[0042] The preparation method of the biological straw feed specifically comprises the following steps:

[0043] Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines were air-dried to a moisture content of 61%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal were weighed according to the formula, crushed and sieved through a filter with a pore size of 2 cm, and stirred to obtain raw material powder;

[0044] Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material;

[0045] Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermented material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermented material reaches the level that it can be held in the hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermented material evenly mixed with the syrup is wrapped into 75kg / bag, sealed and fermented at 20℃ for 12 days. After the fermentation is completed, the package is opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

[0046] 1. Test on the effect of feeding sows with biological straw feed

[0047] 60 large white sows (about 7 months old) with similar fatness, age and body condition were selected, weighing about 80.5kg, and randomly divided into a control group and a test group, respectively fed in two identical pig houses, 30 in each group. The control group sows were fed with complete formula feed, and the test group sows were fed according to the gestational diet nutrition requirements before 105 days of pregnancy, feeding 80% of sows complete formula feed and 20% of biological straw feed, and the 105th day of pregnancy to weaning was fed according to the lactation diet nutrition requirements, feeding 85% of sows complete formula feed and 15% of biological straw feed, and the biological straw feed added in the test group was the biological straw feed of the above embodiment 1. During the feeding process, the consistency of environmental conditions such as temperature and ventilation in the test group and the control group was ensured, and the test period was 135d from the beginning of mating to the weaning of piglets, and the composition of the two groups of gestational sow diets was shown in Table 1, and the composition of the two groups of lactation sow test diets was shown in Table 2.

[0048] Table 1 Composition of experimental diets for gestating sows

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Table 2 Composition of experimental diets for lactating sows

[0052] Diet composition (%) Control group Experimental Group corn 58.0 50.0 Soybean meal (45% CP) 22.0 17.0 Expanded soybeans 10.0 8.0 wheat bran 8.0 8.0 Bio straw feed 0 15.0 Stone powder 0.57 0.45 Calcium Hydrogen Phosphate 0.85 0.75 L-Lysine 1.0 1.0 Threonine 0.05 0.04 DL-Methionine 0.03 0.01 Premix 1.0 1.0 Crude protein (%) 17.05 17.27 Crude fiber (%) 7.01 9.72

[0053] Before the formal experiment, each group of sows was weighed, and the body size and backfat were measured and recorded. After the experiment began, the daily feed intake and residual amount of each group were recorded using the Aosib equipment, and the backfat was measured once a week. After the experiment, the body size and backfat growth, average daily feed intake (ADFI), and average daily weight gain (ADG) of each group were calculated based on each group of data. Initial weight: fasting weighing was performed in the morning one day before the formal experiment began; final weight: fasting weighing was performed at the end of the experiment. The results of the growth performance measurement of each group of sows are shown in Table 3 below.

[0054] Table 3 Results of growth performance test of gestational sows

[0055] Group Control group Experimental group (fed until 108 days) Initial body weight / kg 80.62±3.5 80.52±4.12 End weight / kg 150.05±5.32 150.58±6.36 Daily weight gain ADG / g 635.12±12.23 640.12±15.05 Daily feed intake ADFI / kg 3.19±0.25 3.29±0.16

[0056] As shown in Table 3, compared with the control group, the daily feed intake and average daily weight gain of the sows in the experimental group increased, and the difference in final weight was not significant. It can be seen that feeding sows with bio-straw feed can improve the appetite and growth performance of pregnant sows.

[0057] In addition, the reproductive performance of the two groups of sows in late pregnancy was tested during the experiment. The specific test results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0058] Table 4 Effects of biostraw on reproductive performance of sows in late pregnancy

[0059] project Control group Experimental Group Average daily feed intake / kg 3.66±0.07 3.82±0.08 Birth weight / kg 14.82±5.36 18.62±4.53 Average birth weight / kg 1.24±0.20 1.29±0.13 Total number of piglets born 13.04±2.56 14.36±1.67 Number of live piglets born 12.25±3.06 13.74±2.13 Farrowing backfat / mm 23.16±4.56 19.56±4.58

[0060] As shown in Table 4, the bio-straw addition group (i.e., the experimental group) significantly increased the average daily feed intake of sows, and improved indicators such as birth litter weight, total number of piglets born, and number of live piglets born; in addition, compared with the control group, the piglet survival rate in the bio-straw addition group tended to increase. It can be seen that feeding sows with the bio-straw feed of this application can improve the reproductive performance and growth performance of sows, and enhance the disease resistance of piglets.

[0061] After the experiment, the concentrations of ammonia, hydrogen sulfide and odor in the sow houses of the control group and the experimental group were sampled and tested. The test results are shown in Table 5.

[0062] Table 5 Effect of biomass straw on odor in sow house

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 5, compared with the control group, the ammonia concentration in the test group decreased by 53.24% (P<0.05), the hydrogen sulfide concentration decreased by 46.21% (P<0.05), and the odor concentration decreased by 47.69% (P<0.05). It can be seen that by adding the bio-straw feed of the present application to feed sows, the nitrogen content in the excrement can be reduced, thereby reducing the NH in the pig house. 3 , H 2 S and odor concentrations, reducing aquaculture pollution.

[0066] 2. Test on the effect of bacterial enzymes on straw feed

[0067] The straw feed raw materials (mixed in the proportion of 25% corn straw, 16% alfalfa, 16% sweet potato vine, 15% wheat bran, 15% corn flour, and 10% cake meal) were divided into 7 groups and loaded into the same sample bags. The moisture was controlled at 60%, and the wet weight of each bag of raw materials was 10kg. Each group was set up with 3 repetitions, and the bacterial agent was activated and used (according to the product instructions, an appropriate amount of bacterial agent was activated in 30 ml of warm water at a water level of 18-20°C, and used after 30 minutes). On a clean plastic cloth, each group of straw feed and bacterial enzyme (the fermentation bacterial enzyme selection of the seven groups of straw feed was configured according to Table 6 below) were fully stirred and mixed, and then loaded into silage fermentation bags. After the excess air in the bag was discharged by a vacuum machine, the bag was sealed with a sealing machine and transported to a cool place for storage. The ground was kept dry and there was no water accumulation. After fermentation at room temperature of 25°C for 5 days, the sensory quality and conventional nutritional components of the straw were analyzed. The specific test results are shown in Tables 7 and 8.

[0068] Table 6 Anaerobic fermentation test of corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vine mixed stalks

[0069]

[0070] Table 7 Effects of bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation on sensory indicators of mixed straw feed

[0071] Group pH Moisture / % odor Color texture Group C1 6.32 77.32 Slightly sour + musty Brownish yellow to black Slightly sticky Group C2 5.49 74.87 Slightly acidic Brownish yellow Loose and weak Group C3 5.41 74.56 Slightly acidic Brownish yellow Loose and weak Group C4 5.20 74.12 Light acid Brownish yellow Loose and weak Group C5 4.63 73.98 Light acid Brownish yellow Loose and weak Group C6 4.56 73.34 Sweet and sour Brownish yellow Loose and weak Group C7 4.28 72.19 Sweet and sour Brownish yellow Loose and weak

[0072] As shown in Table 7, after the bacterial and enzyme synergistic treatment, the pH value of the straw feed was significantly reduced. The moisture content in the straw feed bags of each group was not much different. After the bacterial and enzyme synergistic treatment, the smell of the straw feed changed significantly, and the straw feed of groups C6 and C7 had a sweet and sour aroma. After fermentation with bacterial agents and enzyme preparations, the color and texture of the mixed straw were not much different. Except for the control group (group C1) which was dark in color and slightly sticky in texture, the colors of the other groups were all brown-yellow and the texture was loose and soft. It can be seen that the use of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase can effectively adjust the pH value and smell of straw feed.

[0073] Table 8 Effects of bacterial enzyme synergistic fermentation on conventional nutrients of mixed straw feed

[0074] Group DM / % Ash / % EE / % CP / % NDF / % ADF / % Group C1 6.32 4.02 7.66 9.54 41.32 19.65 Group C2 5.49 3.87 7.73 9.65 38.78 18.23 Group C3 5.41 3.76 7.71 9.59 38.66 18.20 Group C4 5.20 3.45 7.70 9.70 36.72 17.12 Group C5 4.63 3.24 7.74 9.72 34.54 16.87 Group C6 4.56 3.12 7.77 9.75 33.79 16.74 Group C7 4.28 2.48 7.81 9.8 32.52 16.29

[0075] As shown in Table 8, after the straw feed of group C7 was treated with double bacteria and double enzyme anaerobic fermentation, the average content of dry matter (DM) in the straw feed decreased by 32.3% compared with group C1, and the decrease was greater than that of the single bacteria group, single enzyme group, and double bacteria + single enzyme group. The ash (Ash), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of the straw feed of group C7 were significantly decreased after anaerobic fermentation compared with group C1, decreasing by 38.3%, 21.3%, and 17.1%, respectively. The crude fat (EE) and crude protein (CP) of the straw feed in group C7 were slightly increased compared with the control group C1, and the increase was the largest compared with other groups. It can be seen that the use of Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase, and polysaccharide monooxygenase can synergistically improve the nutrients of straw feed such as protein, and reduce the average content of dry matter, ash, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber in the feed.

[0076] 3. Feeding effect test of different feed raw materials

[0077] A total of 144 sows (about 180 days old) with similar fatness, age and body condition were selected and divided into 6 groups and marked as control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4 and experimental group 5. The sows in the control group were fed with 100% complete sow feed, the sows in the experimental group 1 were fed with 10% straw feed mixed with corn stalks and alfalfa and 90% complete sow feed, the sows in the experimental group 2 were fed with 10% straw feed mixed with corn stalks and sweet potato vines and 90% complete sow feed, and the sows in the experimental group 3 were fed with 10% straw feed mixed with corn stalks and sweet potato vines and 90% complete sow feed. 10% and 90% of the straw feed mixed with alfalfa and sweet potato vines was a complete sow feed. The sows in the fourth test group were fed with 10% and 90% of the straw feed mixed with corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines and a complete sow feed. The sows in the fifth test group were fed with 10% and 90% of the biological straw feed of Example 1. The sows in each group were fed under the same pig house conditions (the manure cleaning mode was water-soaked manure, and the ventilation method was fan ventilation) for 21 days, and the growth performance of the sows, the constipation rate and the odor concentration of the pig house were observed and recorded. The specific results are shown in Table 9 below.

[0078] Table 9

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] It can be seen from Table 9 that using corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines as raw materials for sow feeding can reduce the constipation rate of sows and the odor concentration in pig houses, and improve the growth performance of sows. Compared with direct physical crushing and feeding, the effect of feeding after fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis in the present application is better.

[0082] IV. Description of nutrients in different feed ingredients

[0083] Corn stalks, rape stalks, soybean stalks, alfalfa, ryegrass, peanut vines and sweet potato vines were crushed and tested for dry matter, crude fat, crude protein and crude fiber. The specific test results are shown in Table 10 below.

[0084] Table 10

[0085] type Dry matter Crude fat Crude Protein Crude Fiber Corn stalks 92.02 0.48 4.25 33.78 Rapeseed straw 91.56 0.37 3.58 46.11 Soybean straw 90.38 1.11 2.93 49.75 Alfalfa 91.65 1.03 13.03 32.31 Ryegrass 90.54 2.08 11.60 26.71 Peanut vines 91.25 2.03 12.36 15.21 Sweet potato vine 92.76 2.61 10.35 26.09

[0086] The CP content of straw feed is relatively low, about 2% to 6%, while the CP content of forage feed is above 8%. The highest CP content is alfalfa (13.03%). The inventor comprehensively considered indicators such as dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber and palatability, and selected corn straw, alfalfa and sweet potato vines as raw materials for biological straw feed.

[0087] The above embodiments are intended to illustrate the present invention, not to limit the present invention. Any solution that is a simple transformation of the present invention belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological straw feed, characterized in that: The bio-straw feed is prepared by mixing corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour, cake meal, molasses or brown sugar, and an integrated bacterial enzyme preparation, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. The integrated bacterial enzyme preparation is prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis, lactic acid bacteria, cellulase, and polysaccharide monooxygenase in equal volume proportions, and the added amount of the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation is 0.5% to 2% of the weight of the bio-straw feed.

2. The biological straw feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological straw feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of corn straw, 14-17 parts of alfalfa, 14-17 parts of sweet potato vines, 13-16 parts of wheat bran, 13-16 parts of corn flour, 8-11 parts of cake, 1-3 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 0.8-2 parts of integrated bacterial enzyme preparation.

3. The biological straw feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological straw feed is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of corn straw, 16 parts of alfalfa, 16 parts of sweet potato vines, 15 parts of wheat bran, 15 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of cake, 2 parts of molasses or brown sugar, and 1 part of a bacterial enzyme integrated preparation.

4. The biological straw feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial activity of Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria is 2*10 9 CFU / mL, the spores of the cellulase and polysaccharide monooxygenase were both 2*10 9 Pieces / mL.

5. The biological straw feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The added amount of the cellulase is 0.02 g / Kg.

6. The biological straw feed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological straw feed is used for feeding empty or replacement sows, pregnant or lactating sows to improve the reproductive performance of sows and reduce the odor of pig houses.

7. The method for preparing the biological straw feed according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Fresh corn stalks, alfalfa and sweet potato vines are air-dried to a moisture content of 55%-65%, corn stalks, alfalfa, sweet potato vines, wheat bran, corn flour and cake meal are weighed according to the formula, crushed, sieved and stirred to obtain raw material powder; Add the integrated bacterial enzyme preparation to the raw material powder according to the formula, stir evenly, and obtain a fermentation material; Molasses or brown sugar is prepared into syrup according to the formula, and sprinkled evenly on the fermented material, stirring while sprinkling, so that the moisture content of the fermented material reaches the level that it can be held in the hand and falls apart when it falls to the ground. The fermented material evenly mixed with the syrup is made into a package, sealed and fermented for a period of time. After the fermentation is completed, the package is opened and dried in the sun to obtain the bio-straw feed.

8. The method for preparing biological straw feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the sealed fermentation is fermented in an environment of not less than 25°C, the fermentation time is 5 to 7 days. When the sealed fermentation is fermented in an environment of less than 25°C, the fermentation time is 10 to 12 days.

9. The method for preparing biological straw feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sieving is performed on a filter with a pore size of 1.9 cm to 2.1 cm.

10. The method for preparing biological straw feed according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nutritional indexes of the biological straw feed are as follows: pH value 4-5, crude protein 9%-11%, crude fiber content 22%-25%, neutral detergent fiber 31%-34%, acid detergent fiber 14%-17%, and lactic acid 5mmol / L-6mmol / L.

Images