Method for preparing super-hydrophobic surface and super-hydrophobic surface

Abstract

The application provides a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface, and belongs to the technical field of material surface treatment, and comprises the following steps: spraying a dispersion liquid I, which is prepared in advance and has wear-resistant polymer microparticles as a dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which a binder is dissolved as a dispersion medium, on the bonding surface of a high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape to obtain a first treated surface after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried; spraying a dispersion liquid II, which is prepared in advance and has polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as a dispersed phase and a second organic solvent as a dispersion medium, on the first treated surface to obtain a second treated surface after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried; and performing heat pressing treatment on the second treated surface to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface. According to the application, a super-hydrophobic surface with flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance can be prepared.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material surface treatment, more particularly, to a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] Super-hydrophobic surfaces have broad application prospects in the industrial fields of drag reduction of underwater vehicles, marine antifouling, aerospace ice and corrosion prevention, etc. The key function of super-hydrophobic surfaces lies in the air layer on the surface. However, mechanical friction can destroy the micro-nano structure of the super-hydrophobic surface, and water flow impact can destroy the air layer on the surface, resulting in the loss of the corresponding function of the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0003] At present, although some design strategies for preparing mechanically wear-resistant super-hydrophobic surfaces have been reported in the literature, each strategy still has certain limitations. The mechanical wear resistance of super-hydrophobic materials can be enhanced by self-similar structures or the introduction of armor structures, but the super-hydrophobic materials prepared by this method are generally rigid block materials, which limits their application. The use of adhesives to enhance the interfacial adhesion can prepare mechanically wear-resistant super-hydrophobic surfaces. In this design strategy, the use of adhesives usually requires the introduction of fluorinated reagents to reduce the surface energy, and the adhesives will cover the nanoparticles, resulting in a decrease in water impact resistance.

[0004] In summary, there is still a lack of an effective solution for a super-hydrophobic surface that can have flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only used to strengthen the understanding of the background of the present application, and therefore can include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface, in order to solve the problem in the prior art that there is a lack of an effective solution for a super-hydrophobic surface that can have flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance.

[0007] The present application provides a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Spray the pre-prepared dispersion liquid I, which has wear-resistant polymer microparticles as the dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which an adhesive is dissolved as the dispersion medium, on the adhesive surface of a high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained;

[0009] Spray the pre-prepared dispersion liquid II, which has polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as the dispersed phase and a second organic solvent as the dispersion medium, on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained;

[0010] thermally pressing the second treated surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0011] Further, preferably, after the step of thermally pressing the second treated surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface, the method further comprises:

[0012] introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface; wherein,

[0013] the method of introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface comprises:

[0014] covering a template with parallel hollow strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, and introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker; wherein,

[0015] the interval of the hydrophilic strips is 1-12 mm.

[0016] Further, preferably, the method of preparing the dispersion I comprises:

[0017] dissolving the binder in the first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein, in the organic solution, the mass fraction of the binder is 0.5%-8%;

[0018] the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are used as the dispersed phase, and the organic solution is used as the dispersion medium.

[0019] dispersing the dispersed phase in the dispersion medium and obtaining a uniform dispersion I after ultrasonic treatment; wherein, in the dispersion I, 5-200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0020] Further, preferably, the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyperfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the binder is any one of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin, modified polyurethane, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0021] Further, preferably, the spraying pressure of the dispersion I is 0.5-4 bar.

[0022] Further, preferably, the method of preparing the dispersion II comprises:

[0023] The polymer nanoparticles and the inorganic nanoparticles with a mass ratio of 0:1-2:1 are used as the dispersed phase, and the second organic solvent is used as the dispersion medium;

[0024] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion II is obtained; wherein, in the dispersion II, 5-35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0025] In addition, preferably, the polymer nanoparticles are any one or at least two mixed in any ratio of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene; and / or, the inorganic nanoparticles are any one or at least two mixed in any ratio of modified silica, graphene, carbon nanotube and silicon carbide; and / or, the second organic solvent is any one or at least two mixed in any ratio of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran or a mixed solvent thereof.

[0026] In addition, preferably, the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5-4 bar.

[0027] In addition, preferably, the heat pressing treatment on the second treated surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface comprises:

[0028] The second treated surface is placed in a vulcanizing machine, and heat pressing treatment is performed under the conditions of a heat pressing pressure of 0.1-8 MPa and a temperature of 120-260℃ for 1-10 min to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0029] The application provides a super-hydrophobic surface prepared by the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method.

[0030] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the application use the micron-level roughness generated by the micron-level wear-resistant material to play the role of “armor” to protect the nanoparticles from wear; at the same time, the flexible super-hydrophobic surface reduces the water hammer pressure generated by water impact by reducing the effective acoustic impedance of the system, thereby enhancing the water impact resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface; the application uses the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape as a flexible substrate, and the dispersion I and the dispersion II are sprayed on the adhesive surface in sequence, and then the heat pressing process is combined, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface is a flexible, wear-resistant and impact-resistant anti-fouling super-hydrophobic surface; the other side of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape with release paper (film) can be removed and adhered to any shaped substrate according to the actual substrate needs, so the application has a wide range of applications.

[0031] In addition, the application further introduces the hydrophilic strip into the super-hydrophobic surface to bind the air layer to stabilize the air layer, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface has better drag reduction performance.

[0032] To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the application, as generally described herein, comprise the features as set forth in the following detailed description. The following description sets forth certain illustrative aspects of the application. However, these aspects are indicative rather than exhaustive. Further, the application is intended to include all aspects of the application as well as equivalents thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Other objects and results of the application will become more fully apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for preparing super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process for preparing super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 3 Surface scanning electron microscope images of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 of the application under different magnifications;

[0037] Figure 4 Scanning electron microscope images of the cross section of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 of the application;

[0038] Figure 5 Graphs of the changes of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2 of the application with the abrasion distance;

[0039] Figure 6 Graphs of the changes of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 of the application with the water flow impact time of 8.9 m / s;

[0040] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 of the application attached to the surface of objects with different curvatures and shapes;

[0041] Figure 8 Comparison effect diagram of the super-hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to the embodiment 1 of the application and the glass plate, aluminum plate against the attachment of navicula;

[0042] Figure 9 Attachment density diagram of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment 1 of the application and the glass plate, aluminum plate of navicula;

[0043] Figure 10A comparison chart of the super-hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to Embodiment 1 of the present application before and after actual marine environment hanging plate test with glass plate and aluminum plate;

[0044] Figure 11 A drag reduction rate curve of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 3 of the present application under different Reynolds numbers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It is apparent, however, that the embodiments can be practiced without these specific details.

[0046] In view of the foregoing existing technology, there is a lack of effective solutions for super-hydrophobic surfaces that can have flexibility, mechanical wear resistance and water impact resistance, and a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and a super-hydrophobic surface are proposed.

[0047] The specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] In order to illustrate the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present application, Figure 1 The flow of the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method according to the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 2 The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic surface according to the embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 The surface electron microscope scanning structure of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application under different magnifications is shown; Figure 4 The cross-sectional electron microscope scanning structure of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application is shown; Figure 5 The curve of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application changing with the wear distance is shown; Figure 6 The curve of the contact angle (CA) and the rolling angle (RA) of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application changing with the water flow impact time of 8.9 m / s is shown; Figure 7 The super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application attached to the surface of objects with different curvatures and shapes is shown; Figure 8 The anti-boat algae attachment comparison effect of the super-hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to Embodiment 1 of the present application with glass plate and aluminum plate is shown; Figure 9 The boat algae attachment density of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 1 of the present application with glass plate and aluminum plate is shown; Figure 10 The comparison of the super-hydrophobic surface (TSHS) according to Embodiment 1 of the present application before and after actual marine environment hanging plate test with glass plate and aluminum plate is shown; Figure 11 The drag reduction rate curve of the super-hydrophobic surface according to Embodiment 2 of the present application under different Reynolds numbers is shown.

[0049] As shown in Figure 1 The application provides a super-hydrophobic surface preparation method, which comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step S1, spraying a dispersion liquid I, which is prepared in advance and has wear-resistant polymer microparticles as a dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which a binder is dissolved as a dispersion medium, on an adhesive surface of a high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape, and obtaining a first treated surface after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried.

[0051] Specifically, the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape generally has two surfaces, one of which is covered with a release paper (film), and in use, the release paper (film) is removed to be attached to a substrate. In the application, the adhesive surface (not covered with the release paper) of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape is used as a base surface to prepare the super-hydrophobic surface. After the super-hydrophobic surface is prepared, the release paper (film) is removed, and the super-hydrophobic surface is attached to a substrate structure in which the super-hydrophobic surface is prepared, and can be used for irregularly shaped objects and has good flexibility.

[0052] As a preferred scheme of the application, the preparation method of the dispersion liquid I comprises:

[0053] dissolving the binder in the first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the binder in the organic solution is 0.5% to 8%;

[0054] using the wear-resistant polymer microparticles as the dispersed phase and using the organic solution as the dispersion medium;

[0055] dispersing the dispersed phase in the dispersion medium and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein 5 to 200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium in the dispersion liquid I.

[0056] Specifically, the dispersion liquid I prepared by the above method is sprayed on the adhesive surface of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape, the micron-level wear-resistant material generates micron-level roughness, and acts as a "armor" to protect the nanoparticles in the subsequently sprayed dispersion liquid II from being abraded, so as to increase the mechanical wear resistance.

[0057] As a preferred scheme of the application, the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide and polyether sulfone; and / or,

[0058] the binder is any one or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin and modified polyurethane; and / or,

[0059] The first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, and tetrahydrofuran, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion.

[0060] It should be noted that the above are preferred schemes of the wear-resistant polymer microparticles, the binder, and the first organic solvent, and the present application does not particularly limit them.

[0061] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 0.5-4 bar.

[0062] It should be noted that the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is preferably but not limited to 0.5-4 bar.

[0063] In step S2, the previously prepared dispersion liquid II with polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as the dispersed phase and a second organic solvent as the dispersion medium is sprayed on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained.

[0064] Specifically, the dispersion liquid II is sprayed on the first treated surface, and the first treated surface is made super-hydrophobic by the nanoparticles.

[0065] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the preparation method of the dispersion liquid II comprises:

[0066] The polymer nanoparticles and the inorganic nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 0:1-2:1 are used as the dispersed phase, and the second organic solvent is used as the dispersion medium.

[0067] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion liquid II is obtained; wherein 5-35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium in the dispersion liquid II.

[0068] Specifically, the dispersion liquid II prepared by the above method is sprayed on the first treated surface, and a good super-hydrophobic surface can be formed.

[0069] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the polymer nanoparticles are any one of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the inorganic nanoparticles are any one of modified silicon dioxide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and silicon carbide, or at least two of them mixed in any proportion; and / or, the second organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, or a mixture of two of them in any proportion.

[0070] Specifically, the above are preferred schemes of the polymer nanoparticles, the inorganic nanoparticles, and the second organic solvent, and the present application does not particularly limit them.

[0071] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5-4 bar.

[0072] It should be noted that the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is preferably but not limited to 0.5-4 bar.

[0073] Step S3, heat pressing the second processing surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0074] Specifically, the heat pressing process makes the wear-resistant material and the base surface, and the nano-particles and the wear-resistant material closely combined, thereby increasing the wear and impact resistance of the prepared super-hydrophobic surface.

[0075] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the heat pressing the second processing surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface comprises:

[0076] The second processing surface is placed in a vulcanizing machine, and heat pressing is performed under the conditions of a heat pressing pressure of 0.1-8 MPa and a temperature of 120-260℃ for 1-10 min to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface.

[0077] Specifically, the process parameters of the heat pressing process are the preferred parameters of the present application, and in actual application, they can be adjusted in a small range, for which the present application does not make special limitation.

[0078] As a preferred scheme of the present application, after the heat pressing of the second processing surface to obtain the super-hydrophobic surface, it further comprises:

[0079] introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface; wherein,

[0080] The method for introducing the parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface comprises:

[0081] covering a template with parallel hollow strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, and introducing the parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker pen; wherein,

[0082] The interval of the hydrophilic strips is 1-12 mm.

[0083] Specifically, the stable air layer is introduced on the super-hydrophobic surface by parallel hydrophilic strips, so that the prepared impact-resistant flexible super-hydrophobic surface has good drag reduction. The above-mentioned method of introducing hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface is a preferred scheme of the present application, and other methods can also be used to introduce parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, for example, directly drawing hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a brush or a pen (such as a brush, a marker pen, a paintbrush) to dip the hydrophilic reagent, or using a strip-shaped plate dipped with a hydrophilic reagent to cover the super-hydrophobic surface, so that the covered part forms parallel hydrophilic strips. The above-mentioned preferred scheme can ensure that the position of the introduced hydrophilic strips is more accurate and the operation is fast and convenient by using a template to introduce parallel hydrophilic strips by spraying or a marker pen, but it is not the only way to introduce parallel hydrophilic strips. Therefore, the method of introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface is not particularly limited in the present application.

[0084] The super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present application is prepared by the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.

[0085] In order to better explain the technical effects of the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface prepared by the method, such as wear resistance, water impact resistance, flexibility, anti-fouling property and drag reduction, the following examples are given:

[0086] Example 1

[0087] Preparation of dispersion I

[0088] The hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer was dissolved in butyl acetate to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer in the organic solution was 2.2%;

[0089] Polyethylene was used as the dispersed phase, and the organic solution was used as the dispersion medium.

[0090] The dispersed phase was dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion I was obtained; wherein in the dispersion I, 80 mg of the dispersed phase was dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0091] Preparation of dispersion II

[0092] The polyvinylidene fluoride and the modified silicon dioxide with a mass ratio of 0.5:1 were used as the dispersed phase, and the ethyl acetate was used as the dispersion medium.

[0093] The dispersed phase was dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion II was obtained; wherein in the dispersion II, 30 mg of the dispersed phase was dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0094] The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0095] Step S1, spray the dispersion liquid I on the adhesive surface of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 4 bar.

[0096] Step S2, spray the dispersion liquid II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid II is 2 bar.

[0097] Step S3, place the second treated surface in a vulcanizing machine, and under the condition of a hot-pressing pressure of 2 MPa and a temperature of 160°C, hot-pressing treatment is performed for 3 min to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] The same dispersion liquid I and dispersion liquid II as in Example 1 are used. The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0100] Step S1, spray the dispersion liquid I on the adhesive surface of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 4 bar.

[0101] Step S2, spray the dispersion liquid II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid II is 2 bar.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] Since the binding effect of the hydrophilic strips on the air layer on the super-hydrophobic surface is independent of the substrate, the preparation of the super-hydrophobic surface is simplified based on Example 1. A template with parallel hollow strips is covered on the obtained super-hydrophobic surface, and parallel hydrophilic strips are drawn by a pen, with a hydrophilic strip spacing of 6 mm, to obtain a drag-reducing super-hydrophobic surface.

[0104] Preparation of dispersion liquid I

[0105] Hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer is dissolved in butyl acetate to obtain an organic solution; wherein in the organic solution, the mass fraction of the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer is 6%.

[0106] Polyethylene is used as the dispersed phase, and the organic solution is used as the dispersion medium.

[0107] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion liquid I is obtained; wherein in the dispersion liquid I, 11 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0108] Preparation of dispersion II

[0109] The modified silica is used as the dispersed phase, and the mixed solvent of butyl acetate and ethyl acetate is used as the dispersion medium.

[0110] The dispersed phase is dispersed in the dispersion medium, and after ultrasonic treatment, a uniform dispersion II is obtained; wherein in the dispersion II, 20 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in each milliliter of the dispersion medium.

[0111] The preparation process of the super-hydrophobic surface is as follows:

[0112] Step S1, spray the dispersion I on the adhesive surface of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion I is 2 bar.

[0113] Step S2, spray the dispersion II on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained; wherein the spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 2 bar.

[0114] Step S3, cover the template with parallel hollow strips on the obtained second treated surface, draw parallel hydrophilic strips, and the distance between the hydrophilic strips is 6 mm, to obtain a drag-reducing super-hydrophobic surface.

[0115] The super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 is placed in a scanning electron microscope for scanning, and the surface microstructure diagram at different magnifications is obtained as shown in Figure 3 From Figure 3 , it can be seen that it is composed of microparticles and nanoparticles, and the microparticle surface adheres to a dense nanoparticle layer.

[0116] The cross section is scanned by a scanning electron microscope, and the cross-sectional microstructure diagram is obtained as shown in Figure 4 From Figure 4 , it can be observed that the nanoparticles are embedded in the gap of the microparticles, and this structure means that the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 has good mechanical wear resistance.

[0117] The sample of the super-hydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 is cut into a size of 2 cm x 2 cm, and is pasted directly below a 200 g weight, and then is abraded against a 1000-mesh sandpaper. The sample is slid on the sandpaper for 10 cm, and then the sample is rotated by 90° and continues to slide for 10 cm, which is defined as one abrasion cycle. The CA and RA are measured every 5 abrasion cycles. As shown in Figure 5As shown, all samples exhibited good superhydrophobic performance, i.e. CA > 150°, RA < 10°, before sandpaper abrasion test. The superhydrophobic surface can endure 900 cm abrasion and has excellent abrasion resistance. The superhydrophobic surface of Example 2 without heat pressing has poor abrasion resistance and loses superhydrophobic performance after 5 abrasion cycles.

[0118] The superhydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was impacted by high-speed water flow (Weber number We = 9792.4) at 8.9 m / s to simulate rain impact. The water flow was generated by a circulating water pump, and the water flow nozzle had a diameter of 9 mm. The water flow speed was calculated according to the water volume and time. Each impact lasted 4 min, and then the CA and RA were measured until the surface lost superhydrophobicity. The superhydrophobic surface still maintained superhydrophobic performance after 40 min of water flow impact, as shown in Figure 6 .

[0119] To verify that the superhydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 has good flexibility and can be firmly attached to objects with different curvatures or shapes, such as a circular plastic tube with a diameter of 6.0 mm, a cube with a side length of 8 mm, or a flat surface, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0120] The superhydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was immersed in 9 mL of Navicula algal solution (Navicula density 10 5 ~ 10 6 individuals / mL) with glass and aluminum plates for 24 h of adsorption, then taken out, and the surfaces of the three samples were rinsed with deionized water to remove the Navicula that was not firmly attached. Finally, the three samples were placed under a fluorescence microscope to observe the attachment of Navicula. At least 9 positions were selected for observation of each sample, and the Navicula attached in different areas were counted. Compared with the glass and aluminum plate surfaces, the superhydrophobic surface had the least number of Navicula, with only 8 ± 6.9 Navicula attached in a 1 mm 2 area, exhibiting excellent anti-algal attachment performance, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 .

[0121] The superhydrophobic surface prepared in Example 1 was placed in the ocean together with glass and aluminum plates for actual marine environment hanging plate testing. The test site was near Xiaodao Bay in Jimo District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, and the actual sea depth selected for testing was about 2 m, where the fouling organisms were relatively rich. After 1 month, the superhydrophobic surface was taken out and observed. After 1 month of actual sea testing, no organisms were attached to the superhydrophobic surface, while some fouling secretions and algae appeared on the surfaces of the glass and aluminum plates, preliminarily proving the antifouling performance of the superhydrophobic surface, as shown in Figure 10 .

[0122] As shown in Figure 11The two super-hydrophobic surfaces prepared in Example 2 were tested for drag reduction rate, and the hydrophilic strips introduced thereinto had better drag reduction performance, with the highest drag reduction rate of 33%.

[0123] It should be noted that in actual application, the wear-resistant polymer microparticles, the binder, the first organic solvent, the polymer nanoparticles, the inorganic nanoparticles and the second organic solvent can be selected from the above-mentioned various options, so that the various combinations of the components of dispersion I and dispersion II are very numerous, and the specific embodiments 1 and 2 of the present application are only exemplary selected from the various options to perform representative performance verification, which does not mean that other options cannot achieve the technical effects of the present application. In actual application, the applicant also briefly verified other components, and the technical effects are not much different from the effects of the embodiments 1 and 2 provided by the present application.

[0124] In addition, this embodiment is only for detailed description of the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present application in actual application, and does not limit the technical solutions provided by the present application.

[0125] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments, the super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface provided by the present application use the micron-level roughness generated by the micron-level wear-resistant material to act as a “armor” to protect the nanoparticles from wear; at the same time, the flexible super-hydrophobic surface reduces the effective acoustic impedance of the system to reduce the water hammer pressure generated by water impact, thereby enhancing the water impact resistance of the super-hydrophobic surface; the present application uses the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape as a flexible substrate, and sprays dispersion I and dispersion II on the adhesive surface in turn, and then combines the hot pressing process, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface is a wear-resistant, impact-resistant and flexible anti-fouling super-hydrophobic surface. According to the actual needs of the substrate, the other side of the high-temperature resistant double-sided tape with release paper (film) is removed and adhered to an irregularly shaped substrate, and the application range is wide.

[0126] In addition, the present application also introduces a hydrophilic strip into the super-hydrophobic surface to bind the gas layer to stabilize the gas layer, so that the prepared super-hydrophobic surface has better drag reduction performance.

[0127] The super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface according to the present application are described above with reference to the accompanying drawings in an exemplary manner. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various improvements can be made to the above-mentioned super-hydrophobic surface preparation method and the super-hydrophobic surface according to the present application without departing from the content of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be determined by the content of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a superhydrophobic surface, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Spray a previously prepared dispersion liquid I with wear-resistant polymer microparticles as the dispersed phase and a first organic solvent in which a binder is dissolved as the dispersion medium on the adhesive surface of the high-temperature-resistant double-sided adhesive tape, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid I is dried, a first treated surface is obtained; wherein the wear-resistant polymer microparticles are any one of polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyfluoroethylene propylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyether sulfone or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion; the binder is any one of hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer, polydimethylsiloxane, modified epoxy resin, modified polyurethane or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion; Spray a previously prepared dispersion liquid II with polymer nanoparticles and inorganic nanoparticles as the dispersed phase and a second organic solvent as the dispersion medium on the first treated surface, and after the surface sprayed with the dispersion liquid II is dried, a second treated surface is obtained; wherein the polymer nanoparticles are any one of polyethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride and polytetrafluoroethylene or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion; the inorganic nanoparticles are any one of modified silicon dioxide, graphene, carbon nanotube and silicon carbide or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion; Perform heat pressing treatment on the second treated surface to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface; Introduce parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface; wherein The method for introducing parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface comprises: Cover a template with parallel hollow strips on the super-hydrophobic surface, and introduce parallel hydrophilic strips on the super-hydrophobic surface by spraying or using a marker pen; wherein The spacing of the hydrophilic strips is 1-12 mm.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The preparation method of the dispersion liquid I comprises: Dissolve the binder in the first organic solvent to obtain an organic solution; wherein the mass fraction of the binder in the organic solution is 0.5%-8%; Take the wear-resistant polymer microparticles as the dispersed phase and the organic solution as the dispersion medium; Disperse the dispersed phase in the dispersion medium and perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid I; wherein 5-200 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium in the dispersion liquid I.

3. The super-hydrophobic surface preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The first organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone and tetrahydrofuran or at least two kinds mixed in any proportion.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises, The spraying pressure of the dispersion liquid I is 0.5-4 bar.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The preparation method of the dispersion liquid II comprises: Take the polymer nanoparticles and the inorganic nanoparticles in a mass ratio of 0:1-2:1 as the dispersed phase and the second organic solvent as the dispersion medium; Disperse the dispersed phase in the dispersion medium and perform ultrasonic treatment to obtain a uniform dispersion liquid II; wherein 5-35 mg of the dispersed phase is dispersed in every milliliter of the dispersion medium in the dispersion liquid II.

6. The super-hydrophobic surface preparation method according to claim 1, wherein The second organic solvent is any one of ethanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, acetone, tetrahydrofuran or at least two mixed in any proportion.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The spraying pressure of the dispersion II is 0.5-4 bar.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The second treated surface is subjected to a heat pressing treatment to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface, comprising: The second treated surface is placed in a vulcanizing machine and subjected to a heat pressing treatment under a heat pressing pressure of 0.1-8 MPa and a temperature of 120-260℃ for 1-10 min to obtain a super-hydrophobic surface.

9. A superhydrophobic surface, characterized in that, The super-hydrophobic surface is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.

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