Rock-soil screening machine

Abstract

The invention provides a rock and soil screening machine. The rock and soil screening machine comprises a support and a screening barrel installed on the support. The screening barrel is a closed container, a screening roller connected with a rotary driving mechanism is rotatably installed in the screening barrel, an air inlet nozzle and an air outlet nozzle which are connected with an air supply unit are installed on the screening barrel, the air inlet nozzle is used for supplying air into the screening barrel, the screening barrel exhausts air to the outside through the air outlet nozzle, and an air pressure detector is installed in the screening barrel. During working, compressed air can be supplied to the screening barrel through the air inlet nozzle, and the compressed air acts on materials in the screening barrel to accelerate movement of the materials, so that the screening efficiency is improved, meanwhile, fine material particles are prevented from being easily attached to the screen, and the agglomeration phenomenon cannot be formed in the screening process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, and in particular to a rock and soil screening machine. Background Art

[0002] The screening instruments in the prior art have the following disadvantages: 1. Most of the screens rotate in the same direction, so the movement effect is not obvious and the screening efficiency is low; 2. It is difficult to screen fine-grained materials. For materials with fine grains and low density, the screening effect of the vibrating screen may not be satisfactory; small material particles are easy to adhere to the screen, or form agglomeration during the vibration process, resulting in difficulty in screening, affecting the accuracy and efficiency of screening; 3. The screening materials are highly directional, and it is impossible to detect the screening effect and whether the materials are congested at all times during the screening process. In addition, the angle of the screen is fixed, and the screening quality cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a geotechnical screening machine, which supplies compressed gas to the screening cylinder through the air inlet nozzle, and the compressed gas works on the material in the screening cylinder to accelerate the movement of the material, thereby improving the screening efficiency, and also preventing the fine material particles from easily adhering to the screen, and no agglomeration phenomenon will be formed during the screening process. In order to achieve the above technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: A rock and soil screening machine comprises a support and a screening drum mounted on the support; A screening drum connected to a rotary drive mechanism is rotatably installed inside the screening drum. An air inlet nozzle and an exhaust nozzle are installed on the screening drum. The air inlet nozzle is connected to an air supply unit for supplying air into the screening drum. The screening drum exhausts air to the outside through the exhaust nozzle. An air pressure detector is installed in the screening drum.

[0004] The screening cylinder comprises a first end cover and a second end cover, and a shell is installed between the first end cover and the second end cover.

[0005] A nozzle is installed on the inner wall of the shell, and the nozzle is connected to the water supply unit.

[0006] The screening drum is composed of a plurality of cylindrical screens of different diameters, each of which is provided with a plurality of radial holes on its circumference, and the diameters of the radial holes on the screen decrease successively from the inside to the outside, the two ends of the screen are rotatably connected to the first end cover and the second end cover respectively, and the second end cover is provided with a plurality of channels for materials to pass through.

[0007] The rotary drive mechanism includes a plurality of motors installed on the outside of the first end cover, the motors are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the screens, a gear ring is fixedly installed in the circumferential direction of the screen, and a gear installed on the main shaft of the motor is meshed with the gear ring.

[0008] A plurality of ultrasonic generators are installed on the outer side of the first end cover. The ultrasonic generators are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the screens, and each of the ultrasonic generators abuts against the corresponding screen through a transducer.

[0009] The support is movably connected to the screening drum, and the screening drum is connected to an angle adjustment mechanism, and the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum and the horizontal line.

[0010] The support comprises a first bracket movably connected to the first end cover and a second bracket movably connected to the second end cover; The first bracket includes a first base, the top of which is rotatably connected to the first end cover via a first liftable unit, and the second bracket includes a second base, the top of which is rotatably connected to the second end cover via a second liftable unit.

[0011] The first liftable unit and the second liftable unit are hydraulic telescopic rods or electric telescopic rods.

[0012] A thin film pressure sensor is installed between the first end cover and the second end cover via a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is close to the inner wall of the innermost circle of the screen in the screening drum.

[0013] A method for using a rock and soil screening machine comprises the following steps: When in use, the material is first fed into the innermost screen of the screening drum, and the pressure distribution is monitored by the thin film pressure sensor installed on the screen. When the local pressure monitored at a certain place is too large, it means that the material is piled up. At this time, the first lifting unit and the second lifting unit can be used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum and the horizontal line, so that the material is roughly evenly distributed, and then the subsequent screening work can be started; When the present invention is used for screening materials with large differences in particle density, fine particle materials, and some irregularly shaped particles, four groups of air-passing spokes are arranged on the shell, and four air inlet nozzles and four air outlet nozzles are arranged on each spoke. When the material enters the screen, the first liftable unit and the second liftable unit are adjusted to tilt the screening cylinder, and at the same time, the air inlet nozzle will pass gas to screen the material therein, and the work of tilting the screening cylinder can be repeated; When the present invention is used for fine screening or screening of sticky materials, the high-frequency electrical signal generated by the independently installed ultrasonic generator converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy through the transducer to generate high-frequency vibration to prevent the material from blocking the sieve holes and make it easier for tiny particles to pass through the sieve, and wind screening can be used to assist; When the present invention is used for screening granular materials and materials with a certain viscosity, each screen is driven to rotate by a motor, a gear ring and a gear. Each screen can rotate at different speeds and in different directions, which can greatly improve the screening efficiency.

[0014] The geotechnical screening machine provided by the present invention includes a support and a screening drum installed on the support; the screening drum is a closed container and a screening drum connected to a rotary drive mechanism is rotatably installed inside, an air inlet nozzle and an exhaust nozzle connected to an air supply unit are installed on the screening drum, the air inlet nozzle is used to supply air into the screening drum, and the screening drum exhausts air to the outside through the exhaust nozzle, and an air pressure detector is installed in the screening drum. When working, firstly, the screening drum is driven to rotate by the rotary drive mechanism to screen the material in the screening drum, and then the air inlet nozzle and the exhaust nozzle are installed on the screening drum, and an air pressure detector is installed in the screening drum, and compressed gas can be supplied to the screening drum through the air inlet nozzle during working, and the compressed gas works on the material in the screening drum to accelerate the movement of the material, thereby improving the screening efficiency, and also avoiding the fine material particles from being easily attached to the screen, and no agglomeration phenomenon will be formed during the screening process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 A front view of a rock and soil screening machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A left view of a geotechnical screening machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A right side view of a geotechnical screening machine provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of a first end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second end cover provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a plug provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation of a screen provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the connection structure of the screen, gear and transducer provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a screen provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the relative positions of the innermost screen and the mounting plate of the screening drum provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the relative positions of the innermost screen and the transducer of the screening drum provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: support 1, screening cylinder 2, screening drum 2a, screen 2a1, radial hole 2a11, plug 2a2, first end cover 2b, mounting hole 2b1, second end cover 2c, channel 2c1, shell 2d, mounting frame 2e, air inlet nozzle 3, exhaust nozzle 4, air pressure detector 5, nozzle 6, motor 7, gear ring 8, gear 9, mounting plate 10, film pressure sensor 11, transducer 12, roller 13, air spoke 14, water spoke 15, ultrasonic generator 16, water level monitor 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] In order to realize the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: See also Figure 1-3 , Figure 5 A geotechnical screening machine comprises a support 1 and a screening drum 2 mounted on the support 1; the screening drum 2 is a closed container and a screening drum 2a connected to a rotary drive mechanism is rotatably mounted inside the screening drum 2; an air inlet nozzle 3 and an exhaust nozzle 4 are mounted on the screening drum 2; the air inlet nozzle 3 is connected to an air supply unit for supplying air into the screening drum 2; the screening drum 2 exhausts air to the outside through the exhaust nozzle 4; and an air pressure detector 5 is mounted inside the screening drum 2.

[0019] In the prior art, a drum-type rock and soil screening machine is usually driven by a rotary drive mechanism to rotate the screening drum. The material in the screening drum is screened only by rotation. Fine material particles are easily attached to the screen, forming agglomeration during the screening process, resulting in difficulty in screening, affecting the accuracy and efficiency of screening.

[0020] The geotechnical screening machine provided by the present invention first drives the screening drum 2a to rotate through a rotary drive mechanism to screen the material in the screening drum 2a. Secondly, an air inlet nozzle 3 and an exhaust nozzle 4 are installed on the screening drum 2, and an air pressure detector 5 is installed in the screening drum 2. During operation, the air inlet nozzle 3 can supply compressed gas to the screening drum 2, and the compressed gas works on the material in the screening drum 2 to accelerate the movement of the material, thereby improving the screening efficiency, and also avoiding the fine material particles from easily adhering to the screen, and no agglomeration phenomenon will be formed during the screening process. While the air inlet nozzle 3 supplies air, the air pressure detector 5 monitors the gas pressure in the screening drum 2 in real time. When the gas pressure in the screening drum 2 exceeds the set value, the exhaust nozzle 4 is opened and the gas in the screening drum 2 is discharged, so that the screening drum works within the preset pressure range; preferably, the air pressure detector 5 is connected to the control end of the air inlet nozzle 3 and the control end of the exhaust nozzle 4 respectively to realize automatic control.

[0021] For further information, see Figure 1-7 The screening drum 2 includes a first end cover 2b and a second end cover 2c, a shell 2d is installed between the first end cover 2b and the second end cover 2c, and the first end cover 2b, the second end cover 2c and the shell 2d are welded to form a combined screening drum 2.

[0022] For further information, see Figure 8 The inner wall of the shell 2d is provided with a nozzle 6, which is connected to the water supply unit. Through the arrangement of the nozzle, the present invention has the function of cleaning and screening materials such as sand and stone, and at the same time enables the present invention to achieve self-cleaning after the materials are finished. Preferably, a water level monitor 17 is installed on the inner wall of the shell 2d to monitor the water level in the shell.

[0023] For further information, see Figure 5-7 , Figure 9-11 The screening drum 2a is composed of a plurality of cylindrical screens 2a1 of different diameters. A plurality of radial holes 2a11 are arranged on the circumference of each screen 2a1, and the diameters of the radial holes 2a11 on the screen 2a1 decrease successively from the inside to the outside. The two ends of the screen 2a1 are rotatably connected to the first end cover 2b and the second end cover 2c respectively. The second end cover 2c is provided with a plurality of channels 2c1 for materials to pass through. During operation, the material enters the innermost screen 2a1 of the screening drum 2a from the channel 2c1 located at the center of the second end cover 2c, and all the channels 2c1 are blocked by the plug 2a2. As the screening drum 2a rotates, the material is screened step by step from the inside to the outside of the screen 2a1, thereby forming multi-level particle size screening.

[0024] For further information, see Figure 2 , Fig. 9 The rotation drive mechanism includes a plurality of motors 7 mounted on the outside of the first end cover 2b. The motors 7 are arranged one by one with the screens 2a1. A gear ring 8 is fixedly mounted on the circumferential direction of the screen 2a1. The gear 9 mounted on the main shaft of the motor 7 meshes with the gear ring 8, so that each screen 2a1 is rotationally driven by the above-mentioned gear transmission mechanism. Then, the rotation direction of the motor main shaft is set to realize the setting of the rotation direction of the screen 2a1. It is through this form that each screen can rotate at different speeds and in different directions, which can greatly improve the screening efficiency.

[0025] Furthermore, Figure 2 , Fig. 9 , Fig.12, a plurality of ultrasonic generators 16 are installed on the outside of the first end cover 2b, and the ultrasonic generators 16 are arranged one by one with the screen 2a1, and each ultrasonic generator 16 abuts against the corresponding screen 2a1 through the transducer 12. When working, the high-frequency electrical signal generated by the ultrasonic generator 16 converts electrical energy into mechanical energy through the transducer 12, generates high-frequency vibration, and drives the screen to vibrate. This vibration can effectively prevent the material from clogging the screen hole, and can make it easier for tiny particles to pass through the screen, which is particularly suitable for fine screening or screening of sticky materials. In order to reduce the wear of the contact end of the transducer 12 and the screen 2a1 when the screening drum 2a rotates, a roller 13 is installed at the contact end of the transducer 12, and the vibration energy is transmitted through the contact between the roller 13 and the screen 2a1.

[0026] For further information, see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Fig. 9 A mounting frame 2e is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first end cover 2b, and the motor 7 and the ultrasonic generator 16 are mounted on the mounting frame 2e. The gear 9 mounted on the main shaft of the motor 7 and the ultrasonic generator 16 pass through the mounting hole 2b1 on the first end cover 2b and enter the screening drum 2a.

[0027] Furthermore, the support 1 is movably connected to the screening drum 2, and the screening drum 2 is connected to an angle adjustment mechanism, which is used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum 2 and the horizontal line. Through the setting of the angle adjustment mechanism, as the angle between the axis of the screening drum 2 and the horizontal line increases, the position of the material in the screening drum 2 changes, thereby further making the material evenly distributed to improve the screening efficiency.

[0028] For further information, see Figure 1-7 The support 1 includes a first bracket 1a which is movably connected to the first end cover 2b and a second bracket 1b which is movably connected to the second end cover 2c; the first bracket 1a includes a first base 1a1, and the top of the first base 1a1 is rotatably connected to the first end cover 2b through a first liftable unit 1a2; the second bracket 1b includes a second base 1b1, and the top of the second base 1b1 is rotatably connected to the second end cover 2c through a second liftable unit 1b2; the first liftable unit 1a2 and the second liftable unit 1b2 serve as angle adjustment mechanisms, and the angle between the axis of the screening drum 2 and the horizontal line can be adjusted by adjusting their heights.

[0029] Furthermore, the first liftable unit 1a2 and the second liftable unit 1b2 are hydraulic telescopic rods or electric telescopic rods.

[0030] For further information, see Fig. 9 , Fig.11A mounting plate 10 is fixedly installed between the first end cover 2b and the second end cover 2c. The mounting plate 10 is close to the inner wall of the innermost circle of the screen 2a1 in the screening drum 2a, but does not contact the screen 2a1. A film pressure sensor 11 is installed on the surface of the mounting plate 10. The film pressure sensor 11 can be used to monitor the material in the screen 2a1 in an area and provide feedback on the computer in the form of an image. When the image pressure reflected by the film pressure sensor 11 changes very little before and after, it can be considered that the screening is completed.

[0031] For further information, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 The outside of the screening cylinder 2 is equipped with air-passing spokes 14 connected to the air supply unit and water-passing spokes 15 connected to the water supply unit. The air inlet nozzle 3 and the exhaust nozzle 4 are respectively connected to the air-passing spokes 14, and the nozzle 6 is connected to the water-passing spokes 15. The air-passing spokes 14 and the water-passing spokes 15 are hollow structures. There are four air-passing spokes 14 and four water-passing spokes 15, and the four water-passing spokes 15 are equipped with nozzles 6. The other four spokes are respectively arranged with air-passing nozzles 3 and exhaust nozzles 4, and the air-passing nozzles 3 and exhaust nozzles 4 are alternately distributed. The air-passing spokes 14 and the water-passing spokes 15 are hollow components with a certain volume and good sealing performance.

[0032] The screening principle and working method of the present invention: After the material is fed into the innermost screen 2a1 of the screening drum, the pressure distribution is monitored by the thin film pressure sensor 11 installed on the screen. When the local pressure monitored at a certain place is too large, it means that the material is piled up. At this time, the first lifting unit 1a2 and the second lifting unit 1b2 can be used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum 2 and the horizontal line, so that the material is roughly evenly distributed, and then the subsequent screening work can be started. Choose which method to screen according to the physical properties of the incoming material and personal requirements; Wind screening: Four groups of air-permeable spokes 14 are arranged on the shell 2d, and four air inlet nozzles 3 and four air exhaust nozzles 4 are arranged on each spoke. When the material enters the screen, the first liftable unit 1a2 and the second liftable unit 1b2 are adjusted to tilt the screening drum 2. At the same time, the air inlet nozzle 3 will let in gas to screen the material. The screen can be tilted repeatedly. When the film pressure sensor 11 does not change significantly, the screening is considered to be completed. An air pressure detector 5 is installed in the screening drum 2. When the air pressure is too low or too high, the exhaust nozzle 4 is opened to connect the outside with the screen, and the pressure in the barrel is appropriately reduced or increased to ensure the screening accuracy and the safety of the equipment. Wind screening is suitable for materials with large differences in particle density, fine particle materials, and some irregularly shaped particles. Vibration screening or rotary screening can be used to assist in the wind screening process; Vibration screening: The high-frequency electrical signal generated by the independently installed ultrasonic generator 16 converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy through the transducer 12, generates high-frequency vibration, drives the screen to vibrate, and at the same time, shock-absorbing materials are arranged on both sides of the screen to greatly reduce the loss caused by vibration. This vibration can effectively prevent the material from clogging the screen holes and make it easier for tiny particles to pass through the screen, which is especially suitable for fine screening or screening of sticky materials. Wind screening can be used to assist; Rotary screening: The motor 7, gear ring 8, and gear 9 drive each screen 2a1 to rotate. In this way, each screen can rotate at different speeds and directions, which can greatly improve the screening efficiency. Rotary screening is mainly suitable for granular materials and materials with a certain viscosity. It can be assisted by wind screening; Cleaning principle: Water-passing spokes 15 are arranged on the shell 2d, and each water-passing spoke 15 is provided with a plurality of nozzles 6 as water inlets. When there is a need for cleaning, water will be sprayed out from the water inlet, and the relevant motor can also be started to operate to achieve the purpose of cleaning (both materials and screens can be cleaned), and the vibration generated by the ultrasonic generator and the transducer can also be used to speed up the cleaning efficiency and capacity. This cleaning function includes sand washing and screen cleaning. If there is a need for material cleaning, the material can be cleaned during the screening process as needed.

Claims

1. A rock and soil screening machine, characterized in that: It comprises a support (1) and a screening drum (2) mounted on the support (1); A screening drum (2a) connected to a rotary drive mechanism is rotatably mounted inside the screening drum (2); an air inlet nozzle (3) and an air outlet nozzle (4) are mounted on the screening drum (2); the air inlet nozzle (3) is connected to an air supply unit for supplying air into the screening drum (2); the screening drum (2) exhausts air to the outside through the air outlet nozzle (4); and an air pressure detector (5) is mounted inside the screening drum (2).

2. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening cylinder (2) comprises a first end cover (2b) and a second end cover (2c); a shell (2d) is installed between the first end cover (2b) and the second end cover (2c); a nozzle (6) is installed on the inner wall of the shell (2d); and the nozzle (6) is connected to a water supply unit.

3. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screening drum (2a) is composed of a plurality of cylindrical screens (2a1) of different diameters, each of the screens (2a1) being provided with a plurality of radial holes (2a11) on its circumference, and the diameters of the radial holes (2a11) on the screens (2a1) decreasing from the inside to the outside, the two ends of the screens (2a1) being rotatably connected to the first end cover (2b) and the second end cover (2c), respectively, and the second end cover (2c) being provided with a plurality of channels (2c1) for materials to pass through.

4. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism comprises a plurality of motors (7) mounted on the outside of the first end cover (2b), the motors (7) being arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the screens (2a1), a gear ring (8) being fixedly mounted on the circumferential direction of the screen (2a1), and a gear (9) mounted on the main shaft of the motor (7) being meshed with the gear ring (8).

5. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of ultrasonic generators (16) are installed on the outside of the first end cover (2b), and the ultrasonic generators (16) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the screens (2a1), and each of the ultrasonic generators (16) abuts against the corresponding screen (2a1) through a transducer (12).

6. The rock and soil screening machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The support (1) is movably connected to the screening drum (2), and the screening drum (2) is connected to an angle adjustment mechanism, wherein the angle adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum (2) and a horizontal line.

7. The rock and soil screening machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The support (1) comprises a first bracket (1a) movably connected to the first end cover (2b) and a second bracket (1b) movably connected to the second end cover (2c); The first bracket (1a) comprises a first base (1a1), the top of the first base (1a1) being rotatably connected to the first end cover (2b) via a first liftable unit (1a2), and the second bracket (1b) comprises a second base (1b1), the top of the second base (1b1) being rotatably connected to the second end cover (2c) via a second liftable unit (1b2).

8. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first liftable unit (1a2) and the second liftable unit (1b2) are hydraulic telescopic rods or electric telescopic rods.

9. The rock and soil screening machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A thin film pressure sensor (11) is installed between the first end cover (2b) and the second end cover (2c) via a mounting plate (10), and the mounting plate (10) is close to the inner wall of the innermost circle of the screen (2a1) in the screening drum (2a).

10. A method for using a geotechnical screening machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When in use, the material is first fed into the innermost screen (2a1) of the screening drum, and the pressure distribution is monitored by a thin film pressure sensor (11) installed on the screen. When the local pressure monitored at a certain location is too high, it means that the material is piled up. At this time, the first liftable unit (1a2) and the second liftable unit (1b2) can be used to adjust the angle between the axis of the screening drum (2) and the horizontal line, so that the material is roughly evenly distributed, and then the subsequent screening work can be started; When the present invention is used for screening materials with large differences in particle density, fine particle materials, and some irregularly shaped particles, four groups of air-permeable spokes (14) are arranged on the shell (2d), and four air inlet nozzles (3) and four air outlet nozzles (4) are arranged on each spoke. When the material enters the screen, the first liftable unit (1a2) and the second liftable unit (1b2) are adjusted to tilt the screening cylinder (2), and at the same time, the air inlet nozzle (3) will pass gas to screen the material therein, and the work of tilting the screening cylinder (2) can be repeated; When the present invention is used for fine screening or screening of sticky materials, the high-frequency electrical signal generated by the independently installed ultrasonic generator (16) converts the electrical energy into mechanical energy through the transducer (12), thereby generating high-frequency vibration to prevent the material from clogging the sieve holes and to make it easier for tiny particles to pass through the sieve, and wind screening can be used as an aid. When the present invention is used for screening granular materials or materials with a certain viscosity, each screen (2a1) is driven to rotate by a motor (7), a gear ring (8), and a gear (9). Each screen (2a1) can rotate at different speeds and in different directions, thereby greatly improving the screening efficiency.

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