Forming device and forming method of special-shaped sheet metal stamping part

Abstract

The forming device comprises a lower forming die and an upper forming die, and the lower forming die and the upper forming die are used for forming the stamping part in a matched mode. In the width direction of the forming die, long-edge shearing dies are attached to the two sides of the forming die, and long-edge pressing insert cores are arranged on the outer sides of the long-edge shearing dies on the two sides; in the length direction of the forming die, wide-edge shearing dies are arranged on the two sides of the forming die in a lifting mode, and wide-edge pressing insert cores are arranged on the outer sides of the wide-edge shearing dies on the two sides; the lower forming die comprises an initial form and a female die form, the upper forming die comprises an initial form and a male die form, and the lower forming die and the upper forming die in the initial form are matched to form a concave-convex fluctuating structure of the stamping part in the width direction. The lower forming die in the female die form and the upper forming die in the male die form are matched to form a concave-convex fluctuating structure of the stamping part in the length direction. High-precision forming of the metal plate stamping part with the complex concave-convex structure can be achieved, and it is guaranteed that the multi-bend edge of the metal plate stamping part is smooth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of stamping devices, in particular to a forming device and a forming method for special-shaped sheet metal stamping parts. Background Art

[0002] The reinforcement of the back panel of the home appliance is usually made of sheet metal stamping parts. Considering its reinforcement ability and the need for fit with the back panel, it is usually necessary to form a more complex special-shaped structure, which has staggered concave and convex structures in both the length and width directions. It is difficult to guarantee the quality of its complex surface molding by designing a special one-piece mold for one-step stamping, which may lead to a decrease in its fit with the back panel of the home appliance, a weakening of its bearing strength, and failure to achieve the expected effect. Stamping and forming in steps by multiple stamping equipment requires high error accuracy between multiple equipment modules, and occupies a large space in the processing site. In addition, the burrs on the edges of the stamped parts require an additional burr pressing mold. Since the edges are complex multi-bend structure edges, the manufacturing cost and difficulty of the burr pressing mold are relatively high. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a forming device and a forming method for special-shaped sheet metal stamping parts, which can achieve high-precision forming of sheet metal stamping parts with complex concave and convex structures and ensure smooth multi-bend edges.

[0004] Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a forming device and a forming method for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part, including a forming lower die and a forming upper die, which constitute a forming die for relative stamping and forming of the stamping part, and the stamping part includes a plurality of concave portions and a plurality of convex portions in both the width direction and the length direction.

[0005] In the width direction of the molding die, long side shearing dies are arranged on both sides thereof, and long side pressing inserts are arranged on the outer sides of the long side shearing dies on both sides.

[0006] In the length direction of the forming mold, wide side shearing dies are arranged on both sides thereof, and wide side pressing inserts are arranged on the outer sides of the wide side shearing dies on both sides.

[0007] The lower molding die and the upper molding die are both formed by splicing a plurality of mold units in their respective length directions, and the plurality of mold units can slide vertically relative to each other to switch the shapes of the lower molding die and the upper molding die.

[0008] The molding lower die includes an initial form and a concave die form, and the molding upper die includes an initial form and a convex die form. The molding lower die and the molding upper die in the initial form cooperate to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part in the width direction, and the molding lower die in the concave die form and the molding upper die in the convex die form cooperate to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part in the length direction.

[0009] Furthermore, in the length direction of the molding lower mold, the multiple mold units include a first lower mold corresponding to the highest convex part in the length direction of the stamping part, and a plurality of second lower molds corresponding to several concave parts in the length direction of the stamping part. The first lower mold is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second lower mold is elastically raised and lowered relative to the base plate through a buffer.

[0010] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with supporting and limiting rods corresponding to a plurality of the second lower molds, and the supporting and limiting rods are provided with a lifting and lowering adjustment arrangement for adjusting the movable lower limit position corresponding to the second lower mold.

[0011] Furthermore, in the length direction of the molding upper mold, the multiple mold units include a first upper mold corresponding to the first lower mold, and a second upper mold corresponding to the multiple second lower molds. The first upper mold is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate, and the multiple second upper molds are respectively connected to independent driving parts to be close to or away from the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressed forming surfaces of the lower forming die and the upper forming die in the initial form correspond to the horizontal sections of the concave portion and the convex portion in the length direction of the stamping part.

[0013] Furthermore, the two first lower dies located at the outermost sides include movable blocks corresponding to the recessed portions in the width direction of the stamping part, the movable blocks are raised and lowered in the vertical guide groove, the movable blocks are elastically connected to the bottom end surface of the vertical guide groove through a buffer, a limit block is fixedly provided at the bottom of the vertical guide groove, and when the movable block is in contact with the limit block, the forming surface of the first lower die corresponds to and fits with the forming surface of the first upper die.

[0014] Furthermore, a positioning pin is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the movable block, and the positioning pin is inserted and matched with a preformed positioning hole on the stamping part, and a pin hole adapted to the positioning pin is correspondingly provided on the bottom surface of the first upper mold.

[0015] Furthermore, the long side shearing die and the wide side shearing die are both composed of an upper punching die and a lower supporting die. In the initial state, the long side shearing die and the wide side shearing die respectively clamp the long side and wide side of the stamping part sheet blank, so that the bottom surface of the sheet blank fits with the upper end surface of the forming lower die in the initial form.

[0016] Furthermore, the long side pressing insert and the wide side pressing insert are both transverse sliding blocks, and the edge of the transverse sliding block close to one side of the stamping part is provided with a side pressing profile parallel to the edge of the stamping part.

[0017] Further, the following steps are included:

[0018] S1. In the initial state, the long side pressing insert and the wide side pressing insert are moved horizontally and gathered together to form a limiting space around the initial forming lower die. The limiting space and the positioning pin are used as the positioning basis to position and load the sheet blank of the stamping part;

[0019] S2, clamping and fixing the edge of the sheet blank by a long side shearing die and a wide side shearing die;

[0020] S3, the initial-form forming upper die is stamped relative to the initial-form forming lower die to complete the concave and convex structures of the horizontal sections of the concave parts in the length direction of the stamping part and the convex and concave structures in the width direction;

[0021] S4, the long side shearing die punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the long side of the stamping part;

[0022] S5, the upper forming die is lifted away from the lower forming die in its initial form, and the movable block is reset to lift the long side edge of the stamping part away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die; the long side pressing inserts on both sides are laterally moved and extended under the corresponding long side edge of the stamping part, and then the upper forming die presses the long side edge down on the pressing surface of the corresponding long side pressing insert in its initial form;

[0023] S6, reset the long side press, press the stamping part on the forming lower die with the initial forming upper die, then bend and form the inclined transition surface between the multiple horizontal section convex and concave structures by the second upper die, until the forming upper die is switched to the convex die shape, and the forming lower die is switched to the concave die shape, after complete pressing, the inclined transition surface forms a convex and concave structure continuous with the horizontal section in the width direction;

[0024] S7, the wide side shearing die punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the wide side of the stamping part;

[0025] S8, the forming upper die is lifted away from the forming lower die in the form of a convex die, and the second lower die is reset to lift the wide side edge of the stamping part away from the upper forming surface of the forming lower die; the wide side pressing inserts on both sides are moved horizontally and extended under the corresponding wide side edges of the stamping part, and then the forming upper die presses the wide side edges down on the pressing surface of the corresponding wide side pressing inserts in the form of a convex die to complete the forming of the stamping part.

[0026] Beneficial effects: The forming device and forming method of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part of the present invention simplifies the forming difficulty of complex concave-convex structures of sheet metal parts and ensures the forming quality by successively forming concave-convex structures in the width direction and the length direction; after the structure is formed in the width direction, the long edge is trimmed and burred, which simplifies the difficulty of the final burring and improves the quality of the burring; when forming in the width direction, only the structure of the straight section of the concave-convex part in the length direction is formed, and the transition section is formed in one step when forming in the length direction, which simplifies the difficulty of reverse forming in length and ensures the forming quality of the transition section; both the width direction and the length direction are formed step by step from both sides to the middle, and the material stretching of each forming area is strictly controlled to ensure that the thickness of the stamping part is uniform after the final forming, and its structural quality and precision are guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first lower mold at the edge and the first upper mold at the matching position of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the forming die in the length direction of the stamping part according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As attached Figure 1-2 The forming device and forming method of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part include a forming lower die 1 and a forming upper die 2, which constitute a forming die for relatively stamping and cooperating to form a stamping part 10, and the stamping part 10 includes a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts in both the width direction and the length direction. The forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2 are both composed of a plurality of die units spliced ​​in their respective length directions, and the respective plurality of die units are relatively vertically slidable to switch the shapes of the forming lower die 1 and the forming upper die 2.

[0031] The molding lower die 1 includes an initial form and a concave die form, and the molding upper die 2 includes an initial form and a convex die form. The molding lower die 1 and the molding upper die 2 in the initial form cooperate to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part 10 in the width direction, and the molding lower die 1 in the concave die form and the molding upper die 2 in the convex die form cooperate to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part 10 in the length direction.

[0032] The concave and convex structures of the stamping parts in the length and width directions are formed successively by forming the upper die and the lower die, which simplifies the complexity of the forming structure required for a single stamping action, improves the accuracy of each stamping, and thus improves the final forming accuracy.

[0033] In the length direction of the molding lower die 1, the plurality of die units include a first lower die 7 corresponding to the highest convex part in the length direction of the stamping part 10, and a plurality of second lower dies 8 corresponding to a plurality of concave parts in the length direction of the stamping part 10. The first lower die 7 is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second lower die 8 is elastically raised and lowered relative to the base plate through a buffer. When the concave part of the stamping part 10 is a multi-step structure, a plurality of second lower dies 8 are arranged between adjacent first lower dies 7, and are respectively connected to the base plate through elastic buffers. The base plate is provided with support limit rods 81 corresponding to the plurality of second lower dies 8, and the support limit rods 81 are raised and lowered to adjust the movable lower limit position of the corresponding second lower die 8.

[0034] In the length direction of the molding upper die 2, the plurality of die units include a first upper die 91 corresponding to the first lower die 7, and a second upper die 92 corresponding to the plurality of second lower die 8, the first upper die 91 is fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate, and the plurality of second upper dies 92 are respectively connected to independent driving members to move closer to or farther from the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate. The pressed molding surface of the molding lower die 1 and the molding upper die 2 in the initial form corresponds to the horizontal sections of the concave and convex parts in the length direction of the stamping part 10.

[0035] In one embodiment, when the stamping part is placed horizontally, the bottom surface of the concave part and the top surface of the convex part are both flat surfaces, and the flat surfaces of different heights are transitionally connected by smooth inclined surfaces or curved surfaces. In the length direction, if the concave part is only a single-level depression, the corresponding second lower die 8 only includes the molding surface of the straight part in the length direction, and the molding surface of the transition surface is located on the side of the first lower die 7 on both sides close to the second lower die 8; if the concave part is a multi-level stepped depression, each step is a flat surface, and the adjacent steps are also transitionally connected by smooth inclined surfaces or curved surfaces, then the second lower die 8 corresponding to the lowest flat surface of the concave part only includes the molding surface of the straight part in the length direction, and the molding surface of the transition surface is located on the side of the remaining second lower dies 8 and the first lower dies 7 on both sides close to the second lower die 8 at the lowest position.

[0036] In the initial form, when all the second lower dies 8 are in contact with the corresponding support limit rods 81, the molding surfaces of the straight parts of all the second lower dies 8 are flush with the molding surfaces of the straight parts of the first lower dies, so as to form a complete molding surface for molding the concave-convex structure in the width direction of the stamping part. That is, when stamping through the forming die in the initial form, only the straight parts at different heights in the length direction of the stamping part are stamped, and the stamped sheet material is formed with multiple intervals of width-direction concave-convex structures, while the width-direction concave-convex structure of the transition surface is completed when the stamping part is formed in the length direction.

[0037] When performing stamping in the length direction, the position of the support limit rod is adjusted downward. When all the second lower molds 8 are in contact with the corresponding support limit rods 81, the molding lower mold 1 is completely switched to the final concave mold shape, so that the molding surfaces of the multiple mold units of the molding lower mold are smoothly connected. Due to the molding surface position setting of the transition surface, when molding the transition surface, the molded parts of the straight sections at both ends of the transition surface are clamped and fixed, and then the lower side plane section is driven to move downward, and the crease positions at both ends of the transition surface are formed, and then gradually formed from the low end crease position to the high end crease position. Compared with the one-step stamping directly forming the concave-convex structure in the length and width directions, and first forming the continuous width direction concave-convex structure in the length direction and then forming the concave-convex structure in the length direction, the molding accuracy of the transition surface is higher and the quality is better.

[0038] The two first lower molds 7 located at the most side include a movable block 11 corresponding to the concave part in the width direction of the stamping part 10. The movable block 11 is set in the vertical guide groove for lifting. The movable block 11 is elastically connected to the bottom end surface of the vertical guide groove through a buffer. A limit block 12 is fixedly set at the bottom of the vertical guide groove. When the movable block 11 is in contact with the limit block 12, the molding surface of the first lower mold 7 corresponds to the molding surface of the first upper mold 91. All the first upper molds 91 and the second upper molds 92 are complete block molds. Based on the above structure, when forming the concave and convex surface in the width direction, the two first upper molds 91 corresponding to the most side first lower molds 7 first press the position of the sheet material close to its two ends on the corresponding movable block, thereby constraining the stretching area of ​​the sheet material surface material, ensuring uniform stretching of the material, and then ensuring its structural strength after forming. After complete pressing, the movable block just contacts the limit block. After removing the upper mold, the movable block can also play a demoulding role to eject the sheet material from the lower concave mold.

[0039] Normally, the first lower die 7 is used as the outermost mold unit of the molding lower die. If the molding structure requires that the outermost first lower die 7 needs to be additionally provided with another second lower die, the second lower die 8 located on the outer side of the outermost first lower die 7 is fixedly connected to the base plate in the final concave mold position, so that after the trimming is completed and the inner second lower die 8 is lifted up, the edge of the stamping part can be separated from the edge of the molding lower die for burr pressing treatment.

[0040] A positioning pin 13 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the movable block 11, and the positioning pin 13 is inserted and matched with the pre-formed positioning hole on the stamping part 10, and the corresponding bottom surface of the first upper mold 91 is provided with a pin hole 21 adapted to the positioning pin 13. Among them, the positioning hole can be a processed mounting hole, which is used to pass the mounting reinforcement screw to fix the final stamping part relative to other structures. It is used as a positioning hole after pre-processing, which can be used for positioning and installing the sheet material. During stamping, the relative position between the two end holes is ensured to remain unchanged after the stamping is completed by the positioning pin and double-sided clamping. The molding in the length and width directions is performed with the hole position as the reference datum, thereby ensuring the final molding accuracy, ensuring that it can be fully fitted with the target installation surface and aligned with the mounting hole, so as to ensure that it achieves the expected installation effect.

[0041] In the width direction of the forming die, long side shearing dies 3 are arranged on both sides, and long side pressing inserts 4 are arranged on the outer sides of the long side shearing dies 3 on both sides. In the length direction of the forming die, wide side shearing dies 5 are arranged on both sides, and wide side pressing inserts 6 are arranged on the outer sides of the wide side shearing dies 5 on both sides. The waste edges of the stamping part 10 in the width direction and the length direction are sheared and removed respectively, the shearing stress is reduced to ensure the shearing accuracy of the edge, and the forming quality of the contour edge of the stamping part is improved. The burrs after shearing are pressed by the pressing inserts to make the contour edge smoother.

[0042] The long side shearing die 3 and the wide side shearing die 5 are both composed of an upper punching die and a lower supporting die. In the initial state, the long side shearing die 3 and the wide side shearing die 5 clamp the long side and the wide side of the blank of the stamping part 10 respectively, so that the bottom surface of the blank fits with the upper end surface of the initial forming lower die 1. The shearing die also serves as a fixing fixture, and by clamping the waste edge of the sheet, it ensures that the middle forming area of ​​the sheet is evenly stretched, thereby ensuring the thickness uniformity of the final forming structure and its forming quality. The trimming is performed by punching, and the outer side of the lower supporting die is set as a guide slope, so that the waste edge can be directly dropped for easy collection and processing. The down punch also makes the burrs on the edges all around located on the bottom side of the edge. In this way, it is only necessary to extend the burr pressing insert into the bottom side of the edge and use the upper pressing die of the forming upper die to complete the burr pressing. There is no need to design the burr pressing die additionally, which reduces the cost. The forming upper die is more consistent with the stamping part profile after forming. During the burr pressing process, there is no pressure loss or deformation on the formed profile, which ensures the forming accuracy of the profile and realizes burr-free treatment of the edge.

[0043] Preferably, the long side pressing insert 4 and the wide side pressing insert 6 are both transverse sliding blocks, and the edge of the transverse sliding block close to the side of the stamping part 10 is provided with a pressing surface parallel to the edge of the stamping part 10.

[0044] The forming method of the forming device for the smooth undulating edge stamping part specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1. In the initial state, the long side pressing insert 4 and the wide side pressing insert 6 are moved horizontally and gathered together to form a limiting space around the initial forming lower die 1. The limiting space and the positioning pins are used as the positioning basis to position and load the blank of the stamping part 10;

[0046] S2, clamping and fixing the edge of the sheet blank by the long side shearing die 3 and the wide side shearing die 5;

[0047] S3, the initial forming upper die 2 is punched relative to the initial forming lower die 1 to complete the concave and convex structures of the horizontal sections of the concave parts in the length direction and the convex parts in the width direction of the stamping part 10;

[0048] S4, the long side shearing die 3 punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the long side of the stamping part 10;

[0049] S5, the upper forming die 2 is lifted away from the lower forming die 1 in its initial form, and the movable block 11 is reset to lift the long edge of the stamping part 10 away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die 1; the long edge pressing inserts 4 on both sides are moved horizontally and extended under the corresponding long edge of the stamping part 10, and then the upper forming die 2 is pressed down in its initial form on the corresponding edge pressing profile of the long edge pressing insert 4; the buffer on the ground side of the movable block plays a buffering role when pressing the burrs to avoid overpressure. After the formation of the concave-convex structure in the width direction is completed, the edge in the length direction is still a straight edge, and the burrs of the long edge are pressed at this time, which can simplify the edge pressing profile of the long edge pressing insert 4.

[0050] S6, reset the long side pressing die 4, press the stamping part 10 on the forming lower die 1 with the forming upper die 2 in the initial form, and then use the second upper die 92 to bend and form the inclined transition surface between the multiple horizontal section convex and concave structures, until the forming upper die 2 switches to the convex form, and the forming lower die switches to the concave form. After complete pressing, the inclined transition surface forms a continuous convex and concave structure with the horizontal section in the width direction;

[0051] S7, the wide side shearing die 5 punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the wide side of the stamping part 10;

[0052] S8, the forming upper die 2 is lifted away from the forming lower die 1 in the form of a convex die, and the second lower die 8 is reset to lift the wide edge of the stamping part 10 away from the upper forming surface of the forming lower die 1; the wide edge pressing inserts 6 on both sides are moved horizontally and extended under the corresponding wide edge of the stamping part 10, and then the forming upper die 2 is pressed down in the form of a convex die on the corresponding wide edge pressing surface of the wide edge pressing insert 6 to complete the forming of the stamping part 10. The wide edge multi-bend structure is less than the long edge multi-bend structure, the structure is relatively simpler, and the overall length is shorter. The pressing surface of the wide edge pressing insert 6 is set according to the contour of the wide edge after forming, which has little effect on the pressing burr accuracy.

[0053] Finally, all the dies are reset, and the formed stamping part is ejected by the second lower die 8, completing the unloading.

[0054] Embodiment: When applied to a reinforcement member, as shown in the following Figure 1 As shown in the figure, two reinforcing edges are formed in the width direction and are parallel to each other and extend in the length direction, and the reinforcing edges are symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the width direction of the reinforcing member; as shown in the figure Figure 2 As shown in , in its length direction, multiple levels of concave parts are formed from both ends to the middle, and the concave parts are symmetrical about the longitudinal centerline. The width direction concave parts of the highest straight sections at both ends are provided with mounting holes for fixing. The lower mold is set as a concave mold in both the width direction and the length direction, and the original plane of the sheet is used as the highest plane after forming. Multiple concave parts are stamped out, and the lower molds corresponding to the concave parts are set as elastically connected buffers, and the transition surface is formed in the state of upper and lower clamping. And the multi-bend structures in the width and length directions are formed step by step, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The structural forming in the middle width direction, as the first upper die is pressed down to be completely pressed, firstly, a larger concave portion is punched downward relative to the raw material surface of the sheet material, and when the middle of the larger concave portion contacts the fixed convex dies directly of the two movable blocks, the convex portion between the two smaller concave portions is formed, and then two reinforcing edges are finally formed, that is, they are formed step by step from both sides to the middle; Figure 2 For the structure forming in the middle length direction, the second upper mold 92 near the side is driven downward first, and the second upper molds 92 symmetrical on both sides are moved synchronously, and in this way, they are moved layer by layer from the outside to the inside, until the second upper mold 92 in the middle is pressed down to the limit position, and the forming is also carried out step by step from the two sides to the middle, from the larger concave part to the smaller concave part, thereby ensuring the forming accuracy and quality of the inclined transition surfaces in multiple length directions.

[0055] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the above principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming device for special-shaped sheet metal stamping parts, characterized in that: It comprises a lower forming die (1) and an upper forming die (2), which together form a forming die for relatively stamping and cooperating to form a stamping part (10), wherein the stamping part (10) comprises a plurality of concave parts and a plurality of convex parts in both the width direction and the length direction; In the width direction of the molding die, long side shearing dies (3) are arranged on both sides thereof, and long side pressing inserts (4) are arranged on the outer sides of the long side shearing dies (3) on both sides; In the length direction of the molding die, wide side shearing dies (5) are arranged on both sides thereof, and wide side pressing inserts (6) are arranged on the outer sides of the wide side shearing dies (5) on both sides; The lower molding die (1) and the upper molding die (2) are both composed of a plurality of mold units spliced ​​together in their respective length directions, and the plurality of mold units are capable of relative vertical sliding movement to switch the shapes of the lower molding die (1) and the upper molding die (2); The lower molding die (1) includes an initial form and a concave mold form, and the upper molding die (2) includes an initial form and a convex mold form. The lower molding die (1) and the upper molding die (2) in the initial form cooperate to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part (10) in the width direction, and the lower molding die (1) in the concave mold form cooperates with the upper molding die (2) in the convex mold form to form the concave and convex structure of the stamping part (10) in the length direction.

2. The forming device of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the length direction of the molding lower mold (1), the plurality of mold units include a first lower mold (7) corresponding to the highest convex part in the length direction of the stamping part (10), and a plurality of second lower molds (8) corresponding to a plurality of concave parts in the length direction of the stamping part (10), the first lower mold (7) being fixedly connected to a base plate, and the second lower mold (8) being elastically raised and lowered relative to the base plate via a buffer.

3. The forming device of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base plate is provided with supporting limit rods (81) corresponding to a plurality of the second lower moulds (8); the supporting limit rods (81) are arranged to be raised and lowered for adjusting the movable lower limit position of the corresponding second lower moulds (8).

4. The forming device for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the length direction of the molding upper mold (2), the plurality of mold units include a first upper mold (91) corresponding to the first lower mold (7), and a second upper mold (92) corresponding to the plurality of second lower molds (8), the first upper mold (91) being fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate, and the plurality of second upper molds (92) being respectively connected to independent driving members so as to be close to or away from the lower end surface of the main stamping drive plate.

5. The forming device of a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressed molding surfaces of the lower molding die (1) and the upper molding die (2) in the initial form correspond to the horizontal sections of the concave and convex parts in the length direction of the stamping part (10).

6. The forming device for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two first lower molds (7) located at the outermost sides include movable blocks (11) corresponding to the recessed portions in the width direction of the stamping part (10); the movable blocks (11) are arranged in the vertical guide groove for lifting and lowering; the movable blocks (11) are elastically connected to the bottom end surface of the vertical guide groove via a buffer; a limit block (12) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vertical guide groove; when the movable blocks (11) are in contact with the limit block (12), the molding surface of the first lower mold (7) corresponds to and fits with the molding surface of the corresponding first upper mold (91).

7. The forming device for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning pin (13) is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the movable block (11), and the positioning pin (13) is inserted and matched with a preformed positioning hole on the stamping part (10), and a pin hole (21) adapted to the positioning pin (13) is correspondingly provided on the bottom surface of the first upper mold (91).

8. The forming device for special-shaped sheet metal stamping parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The long side shearing die (3) and the wide side shearing die (5) are both composed of an upper punching die and a lower supporting die. In an initial state, the long side shearing die (3) and the wide side shearing die (5) respectively clamp the long side and the wide side of the blank sheet of the stamping part (10), so that the bottom surface of the blank sheet fits with the upper end surface of the lower forming die (1) in the initial form.

9. The forming device for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to claim 8, characterized in that: The long side pressing insert (4) and the wide side pressing insert (6) are both transverse sliding blocks, and the edge of the transverse sliding block close to the side of the stamping part (10) is provided with a pressing profile parallel to the edge of the stamping part (10).

10. A forming device and forming method for a special-shaped sheet metal stamping part according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. In the initial state, the long side pressing insert (4) and the wide side pressing insert (6) are moved horizontally and gathered together to form a limiting space around the initial shape of the lower forming die (1). The limiting space and the positioning pins are used as the positioning basis to position and load the blank of the stamping part (10); S2, clamping and fixing the edge of the sheet material blank by means of a long side shearing die (3) and a wide side shearing die (5); S3, the upper forming die (2) in the initial form is pressed relative to the lower forming die (1) in the initial form, so as to complete the concave and convex structures of the horizontal sections of the concave parts in the length direction and the convex parts in the width direction of the stamped part (10); S4, the long side shearing die (3) punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the long side of the stamping part (10); S5, the upper forming die (2) is lifted away from the lower forming die (1) in its initial form, and the movable block (11) is reset to lift the long side edge of the stamping part (10) away from the upper forming surface of the lower forming die (1); the long side pressing inserts (4) on both sides are laterally moved and extended under the corresponding long side edge of the stamping part (10), and then the upper forming die (2) is pressed down in its initial form onto the corresponding edge pressing surface of the long side pressing inserts (4); S6, reset the long side pressing insert (4), use the initial shape of the forming upper die (2) to press the stamping part (10) on the forming lower die (1), and then use the second upper die (92) to bend and form the inclined transition surface between the multiple horizontal section convex and concave structures, until the forming upper die (2) switches to the convex die shape and the forming lower die switches to the concave die shape. After complete pressing, the inclined transition surface forms a convex and concave structure continuous with the horizontal section in the width direction; S7, the wide side shearing die (5) punches downward to cut off the waste edge of the wide side of the stamping part (10); S8, the forming upper die (2) is lifted away from the forming lower die (1) in the form of a convex die, and the second lower die (8) is reset to lift the wide side edge of the stamping part (10) away from the upper forming surface of the forming lower die (1); the wide side pressing inserts (6) on both sides are laterally extended under the corresponding wide side edges of the stamping part (10), and then the forming upper die (2) is pressed down in the form of a convex die onto the pressing side surface of the corresponding wide side pressing inserts (6), thereby completing the forming of the stamping part (10).

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