Deep drilling device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling, in particular to a deep drilling device and method.The deep drilling device comprises a machine tool, a fixing base and a pressing structure; the fixed seat is arranged on a machine tool; a plurality of positioning blocks are arranged on the fixed seat; a plurality of groups of positioning holes are formed in the positioning block; each group of positioning holes are parallel to each other; the positioning hole penetrates through the positioning block; the centers of the positioning holes in the same group are on the same straight line; and the pressing structure is arranged on the fixed seat. When a long cutter is used for drilling, vibration and bending are prone to occurring, and coaxiality is difficult to achieve when a plurality of holes are drilled. Compared with the prior art, the drilling device is provided with the fixing base, the fixing base is provided with the positioning block corresponding to the workpiece, the workpiece can be arranged on the positioning block in a sleeving mode, the positioning block is provided with the coaxial positioning hole, the positioning hole is aligned with the to-be-drilled position of the workpiece and used for guiding the drill bit, and a corresponding drilling method is provided during drilling. Therefore, the processing modes of the drill bit on the holes requiring the coaxiality are consistent, the postures of the processed holes are kept the same, and the coaxiality of the holes is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and in particular to a deep drilling device and method. Background Art

[0002] Drilling is an operation of making a hole in a solid material. It is widely used in many fields such as geological exploration, industrial manufacturing, and construction engineering. According to the direction and purpose of the drilling, it can be divided into many types, such as straight holes, inclined holes, and directional holes. Deep drilling refers to a process of making a deep hole in a solid material. It is a common drilling process in mechanical processing.

[0003] Some workpieces need to drill multiple holes on one axis, that is, these holes remain coaxial, but some workpieces can only be drilled from one end and the other end needs to be closed, so that some holes are far away from the drilling tool and a longer drilling tool is required. This longer tool is prone to vibration and bending during drilling, making it difficult to ensure the coaxiality of these holes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a deep drilling device and method.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A deep drilling device comprises: a machine tool, a fixing seat, and a clamping structure; the fixing seat is arranged on the machine tool; a plurality of positioning blocks are arranged on the fixing seat; a plurality of groups of positioning holes are opened on the positioning blocks; each group of positioning holes are parallel to each other; the positioning holes penetrate the positioning blocks; the positioning holes in the same group have the same size and their centers are on the same straight line; the clamping structure is arranged on the fixing seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the fixing seat also includes: a supporting block; the number of the supporting blocks is several.

[0008] Furthermore, the clamping structure includes: a fixed cylinder, a screw rod, and a pressure rod; a screw groove corresponding to the screw rod is opened in the fixed cylinder; a through hole is opened in the pressure rod; the diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the screw rod; a pressure cap is provided on one side of the screw rod; the diameter of the pressure cap is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two clamping structures; a resistance rod is provided at one end of one of the pressure rods; the resistance rod is arranged on the side of the pressure rod close to the machine tool; a positioning opening is opened on the fixing seat; the resistance rod corresponds to the positioning opening.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes: a drilling device; the drilling device is arranged on one side of the machine tool; the drilling device includes: a drill bit.

[0011] A deep drilling method comprises the following steps: fixing a workpiece to be drilled; after the workpiece is fixed, starting a machine tool to drive a fixing seat to move toward a drilling device so that the position of the workpiece to be drilled approaches a drill bit, and starting the drill bit at the same time; when drilling, adjusting the moving speed of the fixing seat and the rotation speed of the drill bit accordingly according to the relationship between the drill bit and the position to be drilled; after drilling is completed, stopping the rotation of the drill bit, and using the machine tool to move the fixing seat away from the drill bit, thereby driving the workpiece away from the drill bit.

[0012] Furthermore, when drilling the first hole, the drill speed needs to be increased and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit needs to be reduced; after the first hole is drilled, the drill speed needs to be reduced and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit needs to be increased so that the drill bit approaches the second hole to be drilled; when drilling the second hole, the drill speed needs to be increased again and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit needs to be reduced; and so on, multiple holes are drilled. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 : Schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of the compaction structure;

[0016] Figure 4 : A schematic structural diagram of a workpiece to be drilled applicable to the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 : Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece after drilling is completed;

[0018] Figure 6 : Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure in which the workpiece is set on a fixed seat.

[0019] In the figure: 1. machine tool; 2. fixing seat; 21. positioning block; 211. positioning hole; 22. supporting block; 23. positioning port; 3. clamping structure; 31. fixing cylinder; 32. screw; 321. pressure cap; 33. pressure rod; 331. through hole; 332. resistance rod; 4. drilling device; 41. drill bit; 5. workpiece to be drilled; 51. positioning groove; 511. groove No. 1; 512. groove No. 2; 513. groove No. 3; 52. clamping groove; 6. drilled workpiece; 61. workpiece hole; 611. hole No. 1; 612. hole No. 2; 613. hole No. 3; 614. hole No. 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1: According to Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a deep drilling device, comprising: a machine tool 1, a fixing seat 2, a pressing structure 3, and a drilling device 4;

[0022] The fixing seat 2 is arranged on the machine tool 1; a plurality of positioning blocks 21 are arranged on the fixing seat 2; a plurality of groups of positioning holes 211 are opened on the positioning blocks 21; each group of positioning holes 211 are parallel to each other; the positioning holes 211 pass through the positioning blocks 21; the positioning holes 211 in the same group are of the same size, and the centers are on the same straight line; the clamping structure 3 is arranged on the fixing seat 2. The drilling device 4 is arranged on one side of the machine tool 1; the drilling device 4 includes: a drill bit 41. The drill bit 41 corresponds to the size of the positioning hole 211. The machine tool 1 can be installed on a guide rail to drive the fixing seat 2 and the workpiece to move.

[0023] Figure 4 and Figure 5 is a workpiece suitable for the present invention, wherein Figure 4 The workpiece 5 to be drilled, Figure 5The workpiece 6 to be drilled includes a positioning groove 51 and a pressing groove 52. The positioning groove 51 includes a first groove 511, a second groove 512, and a third groove 513. The workpiece 6 to be drilled includes a workpiece hole 61. The workpiece hole 61 includes a first hole 611, a second hole 612, a third hole 613, and a fourth hole 614. The position of the hole to be drilled of the workpiece 5 to be drilled is consistent with the position of the workpiece hole 61 of the drilled workpiece 6, and the positioning groove 51 corresponds to the positioning block 21, so that the workpiece 5 to be drilled can be just put on the positioning block 21, and the positioning block 21 fits with the groove wall. At this time, the required drilling position just corresponds to the positioning hole 211, is the same size as it, and is on the same straight line, and then fixed by the clamping structure 3. When drilling is required, the drill bit 41 of the drilling device 4 drills the No. 1 hole 611. The No. 1 hole 611 of the above-mentioned workpiece is a rough hole, and the requirements for drilling it are not high. There is no need to ensure the coaxiality with other holes, and direct drilling is sufficient. After the drill bit passes through the No. 1 hole 611, it reaches the positioning block 21 and enters the positioning hole 211. Due to the existence of the positioning hole 211, the drill bit 41 is relatively stable in the process of approaching the position to be drilled. The drill bit 41 continues to approach the position to be drilled. When the drill bit 41 comes out of the positioning hole 211, it just hits the position to be drilled. At this time, drilling can be carried out. When the hole is drilled, it just enters the positioning hole 211 of the next positioning block 21 and continues to approach the next drilling position. By analogy, all the positions to be drilled can be drilled. By setting the positioning block 21 corresponding to the workpiece and the positioning hole 211 corresponding to the hole to be drilled, when the workpiece is fixed on the positioning block 21, the hole to be drilled just corresponds to the positioning hole 211. When the drill bit 41 is working, the positioning hole 211 guides the drill bit 41, so that it is not easy to deviate during the drilling process. The positioning hole 211 corresponds to the size of the drill bit 41, that is, the drill bit 41 is close to the positioning hole 211, which prevents the vibration and bending of the drill bit 41 and ensures the coaxiality of the hole to be drilled during deep drilling.

[0024] The fixing seat 2 also includes: a support block 22; the number of the support blocks 22 is several. The clamping structure 3 includes: a fixing cylinder 31, a screw rod 32, and a pressure rod 33; a screw groove corresponding to the screw rod 32 is opened in the fixing cylinder 31; the pressure rod 33 has a through hole 331; the diameter of the through hole 331 is larger than the diameter of the screw rod 32; a pressure cap 321 is provided on one side of the screw rod 32; the diameter of the pressure cap 321 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 331. The number of the clamping structures 3 is two; one end of one of the pressure rods 33 is provided with a resistance rod 332; the resistance rod 332 is arranged on the side of the pressure rod 33 close to the machine tool 1; a positioning opening 23 is opened on the fixing seat 2; the resistance rod 332 corresponds to the positioning opening 23.

[0025] When the workpiece is sleeved on the fixed seat 2, part of the shell of the workpiece is towered on the support block 22, so that part of the workpiece structure is in a suspended state. When the drill bit 41 drills the workpiece, coolant and clean water need to be introduced to cool the drill bit 41 and the drilled position. While drilling, part of the workpiece material will be separated to produce metal debris. By making part of the workpiece structure suspended, these cooling liquids and metal debris can be easily discharged to avoid interfering with the drilling process. There are two clamping structures 3, and there are also two corresponding pressure rods 33. One of the pressure rods 33 (named as pressure rod 33A, and the corresponding clamping structure 3 is named as pressure structure 3A) is provided with a resistance rod 332 at one end, and the other pressure rod 33 (named as pressure rod 33B, and the corresponding clamping structure 3 is named as pressure structure 3B) is not provided with a resistance rod 332. The clamping structure 3B is arranged between the support block 22 and the positioning block 21, and the screw 32 and the pressure rod 33B of the clamping structure 3B are kept away from the fixed cylinder 31. When the workpiece is sleeved on the fixed seat 2, the fixed cylinder 31 is just in the clamping groove 52. At this time, the pressure rod 33B is sleeved on the corresponding screw 32, and then the screw 32 is screwed into the corresponding fixed cylinder 31, and the pressure rod 33B is pressed on the workpiece shell at the clamping groove 52, and then the screw 32 is tightened so that the pressure cap 321 presses the pressure rod 33B to complete the fixation. At this time, both ends of the pressure rod 33B press the workpiece shell to make it more firmly pressed. The pressing structure 3A fixes the workpiece on one side of the workpiece, which is consistent with the previous process of the pressing structure 3B. After the subsequent screw 32 is screwed into the fixed cylinder 31, the pressure rod 33A needs to be rotated so that the interference rod 332 is aligned with the positioning port 23, and then the pressure rod 33A is moved closer to the fixed seat 2, so that the interference rod 332 extends into the positioning port 23 and conflicts with its bottom end. At this time, the pressure rod 33A is pressed on the workpiece away from the side of the interference rod 332, and the screw 32 is rotated so that the screw 32 is screwed into the fixed cylinder 31, and the pressure cap 321 presses the pressure rod 33A to complete the fixation of the workpiece. When the workpiece is pressed by one end of the pressure rod 33A, the other end is fixed in the positioning hole 23 by the abutment rod 332, and then pressed by the pressure cap 321, a support point is provided for the pressure rod 33A away from the workpiece, and the resultant forces at both ends of the pressure rod 33A are on the same straight line, so that the structure is more stable when the pressure rod 33A is fixed.

[0026] That is, when fixing, first move the screw 32 and the pressure rod 33 away from the fixed cylinder 31, and then put the workpiece 5 to be drilled on the fixed seat 2, so that the position of the hole to be drilled is kept flush with the positioning hole 211, and part of the structure of the workpiece 5 to be drilled is in contact with the positioning block 21, and at the same time, the fixed cylinder 31 of the clamping structure 3B is in the clamping groove 52. The clamping structure 3A is located on one side of the workpiece 5 to be drilled. For the screw 32 of the clamping structure 3B, the side of the screw 32 without the pressure cap 321 is passed through the through hole 331, and the side is screwed into a corresponding part of the fixed tube 31, and the pressure rod 33B is pressed on the workpiece, and the screw 32 is rotated so that the screw 32 is screwed into the fixed tube 31 and the pressure rod 33B is pressed. For the screw 32 of the clamping structure 3A, the side of the screw 32 without the pressure cap 321 is passed through the through hole 331, and the side is screwed into a corresponding part of the fixed tube 31, and the pressure rod 33A is rotated so that the resistance rod 332 is aligned with the positioning port 23, and then the resistance rod 332 is extended into the positioning port 23 to resist its bottom end. At this time, the pressure rod 33A is pressed on the workpiece away from the side of the resistance rod 332, and the screw 32 is rotated so that the screw 32 is screwed into the fixed tube 31, and the pressure cap 321 presses the pressure rod 33A to complete the fixation of the workpiece.

[0027] Embodiment 2: According to Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a deep drilling method, which includes the following steps according to the fixing method of Example 1: putting a workpiece to be drilled on the fixing seat 2 and fixing it by a clamping structure 3; after the workpiece is fixed, starting the machine tool 1 to drive the fixing seat 2 to move toward the drilling device 4, so that the position of the workpiece to be drilled is close to the drill bit 41, and the drill bit 41 is started at the same time; when drilling, according to the relationship between the drill bit 41 and the position to be drilled, the moving speed of the fixing seat 2 and the rotation speed of the drill bit are adjusted accordingly; after the drilling is completed, the drill bit 41 is stopped, and the fixing seat 2 is moved away from the drill bit 41 through the machine tool 1, driving the workpiece away from the drill bit 41. When drilling the first hole, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 needs to be increased, while the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 needs to be reduced; after the first hole is drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 needs to be reduced, while the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 needs to be increased, so that the drill bit approaches the second hole to be drilled; when drilling the second hole, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 needs to be increased again, while the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 needs to be reduced; and so on, multiple holes are drilled.

[0028] When drilling is required after the workpiece is fixed, the machine tool 1 is started, and the fixed seat 2 is driven to move toward the drilling device 4, so that the position of the workpiece to be drilled approaches the drill bit 41 at a moving speed of 10000F (mm / min). At the beginning, the workpiece is moved at a faster speed so that the workpiece can quickly approach the drill bit 41. At the same time, the drill bit 41 is started to have a certain rotation speed (100r / s). When the first hole to be drilled in the workpiece is about to contact the drill bit 41, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is increased to 300r / s, and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is reduced to 100F, and the first hole is started. The first hole to be drilled in this workpiece is a rough hole, and the drilling requirements are not high, and there is no need to ensure the coaxiality with other holes, and the hole can be drilled directly. After the first hole is drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is reduced to 100r / s, and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is increased to 900F, so that the drill bit approaches the second hole to be drilled. When the fixed seat 2 moves toward the drill bit 41, the drill bit 41 will enter the positioning hole 211 of the first positioning block 21 and continue to approach the second hole to be drilled. When it is about to contact the second hole to be drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is increased to 300r / s, and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is reduced to 100F, and the second hole is started to be drilled. At this time, the drill bit 41 leaves the first positioning block 21. When approaching the drilling position, if the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is too high, the vibration of the drill bit will be relatively large. Although there is a guide for the positioning hole 211, the positioning hole 211 needs to be slightly larger than the drill bit 41 to facilitate the movement of the drill bit 41 in the positioning hole 211. When the drill bit 41 vibrates too much, it is easy for the drill bit 41 to swing too much, causing its center axis to deviate from the center axis of the hole to be drilled. When contacting the hole to be drilled, it is easy for the drill bit 41 to deviate from the initial drilling position, resulting in the deviation of the center of the drilled hole. By maintaining a rotation speed of 100r / s, the vibration of the drill bit 41 is small, and it can be kept concentric with the hole to be drilled when contacting it. When drilling, the rotation speed needs to be increased to 300r / s to avoid low drilling efficiency. When drilling the second hole to be drilled, the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is 900F, because Figure 5The distance between hole No. 1 611 and hole No. 2 612 of the workpiece shown is relatively large. The moving speed of 900F is used to allow the workpiece to quickly approach the drill bit 41. When drilling, the drill bit 41 will be blocked by the material in the hole to be drilled. If the workpiece moves too fast, it is easy to cause excessive pressure between the workpiece and the drill bit 41, resulting in damage to the workpiece or the drill bit. Therefore, the moving speed of the workpiece is maintained at 100F. Similarly, after the second hole is drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is reduced to 100r / s, and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is increased to 300F. At this time, the drill bit 41 enters the second positioning block 21, and the drill bit approaches the third hole to be drilled. When it is about to contact the third hole to be drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit 41 is increased to 300r / s, and the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit 41 is reduced to 100F, and the third hole is started to be drilled. Since the distance between the second hole 612 and the third hole 613 is short, if the moving speed of the workpiece is 900F, the time between the two holes is short, the rotation speed and the moving speed are difficult to control, and problems are prone to occur. Therefore, the moving speed of the workpiece is kept at 300F. When drilling the third hole, the rotation speed is still maintained at 300r / s and the workpiece moving speed is 100F, which is consistent with when drilling the second hole. By analogy, the fourth, fourth, fifth and other holes can be drilled in the workpiece. After all holes are drilled, stop rotating the drill bit 41, and use the machine tool 1 to move the fixed seat 2 away from the drill bit 41, driving the workpiece away from the drill bit 41 at a certain speed (300F), so that the drill bit 41 is separated from the workpiece. The workpiece and the drill bit are separated at a speed of 300F to prevent the workpiece from moving too fast and colliding with the drill bit 41. During the entire drilling process, except that the first hole is a rough hole, the requirements do not need to be too high, and the coaxiality with other holes does not need to be guaranteed, when the holes to be drilled are processed later, it is always necessary to keep the speed of the drill bit 41 at 100r / s before contacting the hole, and the speed of the drill bit 41 at 300r / s when contacting the hole, and the workpiece moving speed is 100F, that is, in the drilling process where coaxiality is required, the various parameters of the drill bit 41 are kept consistent, and then through the guidance of the positioning hole 211, these holes are drilled in the same way to ensure that they are the same size and the center is on the same straight line.

[0029] To summarize, the present invention is provided with a fixed seat, a positioning block is provided on the fixed seat corresponding to the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be just mounted on the positioning block, and a coaxial positioning hole is opened on the positioning block to be aligned with the position of the workpiece to be drilled, so as to guide the drill bit, and there is also a corresponding drilling method when drilling, so that the drill bit can maintain consistent processing method for the hole requiring coaxiality, so that the posture of the processed holes remains the same, so as to ensure their coaxiality.

[0030] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A deep drilling device, characterized in that: include: Machine tool (1), fixed base (2), pressing structure (3); The fixing seat (2) is arranged on the machine tool (1); The fixing seat (2) is provided with a plurality of positioning blocks (21); The positioning block (21) is provided with a plurality of groups of positioning holes (211); Each group of positioning holes (211) are parallel to each other; The positioning hole (211) passes through the positioning block (21); The positioning holes (211) in the same group have the same size, and their centers are on the same straight line; The pressing structure (3) is arranged on the fixing seat (2).

2. A deep drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing seat (2) further comprises: a supporting block (22); The number of the supporting blocks (22) is multiple.

3. A deep drilling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing structure (3) comprises: a fixing cylinder (31), a screw rod (32), and a pressing rod (33); The fixing cylinder (31) has a screw groove corresponding to the screw rod (32); The pressure rod (33) is provided with a through hole (331); The diameter of the through hole (331) is greater than the diameter of the screw (32); A pressure cap (321) is provided on one side of the screw rod (32); The diameter of the pressing cap (321) is greater than the diameter of the through hole (331).

4. A deep drilling device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the clamping structures (3) is two; One end of one of the pressure rods (33) is provided with a resisting rod (332); The resistance rod (332) is arranged on a side of the pressure rod (33) close to the machine tool (1); The fixing seat (2) is provided with a positioning opening (23); The abutment rod (332) corresponds to the positioning opening (23).

5. A deep drilling device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Also included: a drilling device (4); The drilling device (4) is arranged on one side of the machine tool (1); The drilling device (4) comprises a drill bit (41).

6. A deep drilling method, characterized in that: A deep drilling device applied to any one of claims 1 to 5; The following steps are involved: Fix the workpiece to be drilled; After the workpiece is fixed, the machine tool (1) is started to drive the fixing seat (2) to move toward the drilling device (4), so that the position of the workpiece to be drilled is close to the drill bit (41), and the drill bit (41) is started at the same time; When drilling, the moving speed of the fixing base (2) and the rotation speed of the drill bit are adjusted accordingly according to the relationship between the drill bit (41) and the position of the hole to be drilled; After drilling is completed, the drill bit (41) is stopped from rotating, and the fixed seat (2) is moved away from the drill bit (41) through the machine tool (1), thereby driving the workpiece away from the drill bit (41).

7. A deep drilling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When drilling the first hole, the rotation speed of the drill bit (41) needs to be increased, while the speed at which the workpiece moves toward the drill bit (41) needs to be reduced; After the first hole is drilled, the rotation speed of the drill bit (41) needs to be reduced, and the speed of the workpiece moving toward the drill bit (41) needs to be increased, so that the drill bit moves closer to the second hole to be drilled; When drilling the second hole, the rotation speed of the drill bit (41) is increased, while the moving speed of the workpiece toward the drill bit (41) is reduced; And so on, multiple holes are drilled.

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