Grinding device and grinding method for threaded raceway of ball screw
By using hollow olive-shaped grinding nuts and adjustment rings in the ball screw thread raceway grinding device, combined with the design of the elastic shrink groove, the problem of elastic deformation of the ball screw during precision grinding is solved, and higher processing accuracy and transmission accuracy are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510217650.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
AI Technical Summary
During the precision grinding process of ball screw thread raceways, ball screws are prone to elastic deformation, resulting in lead errors and shape errors, and even surface vibration patterns, affecting transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy.
A grinding device including a hollow olive-shaped grinding nut and a ring-shaped left and right adjustment ring are adopted. The grinding preload force in the circumferential direction is applied through threaded connection, and the grinding preload force is adjusted using an elastic shrink groove to ensure that the ball screw does not cause excessive elastic deformation during the grinding process.
It effectively improves the lead error of the ball screw and the shape error of the threaded raceway, eliminates surface vibration patterns, improves the processing accuracy of the ball screw, and ensures that its transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy meet higher standards.
Smart Images
Figure CN119772278A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a grinding device and a grinding method for a ball screw thread raceway, belonging to the technical field of ball screw processing. Background Art
[0002] A ball screw pair is generally composed of a ball screw, a ball nut, a ball and a return device. A ball screw pair is a precision transmission component that can convert rotary motion into linear motion or convert linear motion into rotary motion. Ball screw pairs have the characteristics of high transmission efficiency and accurate positioning, and are widely used in aviation, aerospace, precision machine tools and other fields.
[0003] With the continuous development of intelligent manufacturing, higher requirements are put forward for the transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy of ball screw pairs, and the transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy of ball screw pairs mainly depend on the processing accuracy of ball screw thread raceways. At present, the processing of ball screw thread raceways is generally rough milling of thread raceways, followed by high-frequency quenching of the surface, and then precision grinding of thread raceways. Since ball screws are slender shaft parts with poor rigidity, they are prone to elastic deformation during precision grinding of thread raceways, which cannot well guarantee the lead error of ball screws and the shape error of thread raceways, and even produce vibration marks on the surface of thread raceways, thus affecting the transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy of ball screw pairs. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a grinding device and a grinding method for a ball screw thread raceway. The grinding device and the grinding method can improve the lead error of the ball screw and the shape error of the thread raceway, and can eliminate the grinding vibration marks on the surface of the thread raceway of the ball screw, further improve the processing accuracy of the ball screw, and ensure that the ball screw pair has higher transmission accuracy and positioning accuracy, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a grinding device for a ball screw thread raceway, comprising a grinding nut in the shape of a hollow olive and left and right adjusting rings in the shape of annular rings; the grinding nut is sleeved on the ball screw to be ground, and its internal profile matches the profile of the thread raceway of the ball screw to be ground; the left and right adjusting rings are respectively sleeved on the outer conical surface A at the left end and the outer conical surface B at the right end of the grinding nut, and a grinding pre-tightening force in a circumferential direction is applied to the grinding nut through threaded connection, and a plurality of elastic shrinkage grooves are respectively provided on the outer conical surface A and the outer conical surface B of the grinding nut.
[0006] In the aforementioned ball screw thread raceway grinding device, the middle protruding outer circle of the grinding nut is provided with an external thread; the elastic shrinkage groove includes three or four elastic shrinkage grooves A provided on the outer conical surface A, and three or four elastic shrinkage grooves B provided on the outer conical surface B. The elastic shrinkage grooves A and the elastic shrinkage grooves B are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer conical surface, and respectively penetrate the barrel wall of the outer conical surface at the left and right ends of the grinding nut, and the length of the elastic shrinkage groove extends from the left and right end faces of the grinding nut to the undercut grooves on the left and right end faces of the external thread.
[0007] In the aforementioned ball screw thread raceway grinding device, the inner holes of the left adjusting ring and the right adjusting ring are both set to two sections, one section is an inner conical surface section, and the other section is an inner thread section, wherein the inner conical surface section of the left adjusting ring forms an inner conical surface A, and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread A, and the inner conical surface section of the right adjusting ring forms an inner conical surface B, and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread B, and the tapers of the inner conical surface A and the inner conical surface B are respectively the same as the tapers of the outer conical surface A and the outer conical surface B of the grinding nut; the inner thread A and the inner thread B match the outer thread of the grinding nut.
[0008] In the aforementioned grinding device for the threaded raceway of a ball screw, the left adjusting ring and the right adjusting ring are further provided with a threaded hole A and a threaded hole B, respectively.
[0009] A grinding method based on a grinding device for a ball screw thread raceway, the grinding method comprising the following operating steps: Step 1: Screw the grinding nut onto the ball screw to be ground; Step 2: Put the left adjusting ring and the right adjusting ring on the outer conical surface of the left and right ends of the grinding nut respectively, and complete the assembly by screwing; Step 3: Apply abrasive to the ball screw to be ground; Step 4: By adjusting the length of the left adjusting ring and the right adjusting ring screwed onto the grinding nut, the grinding pre-tightening force applied by the left adjusting ring and the right adjusting ring to the grinding nut is adjusted; Step 5: Keep the ball screw to be ground or the grinding device stationary, and rotate the grinding device or the ball screw to be ground relative to the ball screw to be ground or the grinding device. When the grinding nut rotates to the position coated with the abrasive, the grinding process of the ball screw to be ground is achieved.
[0010] Beneficial effects of the invention: Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. The grinding device consists of a grinding nut and left and right adjustment rings, and the structure is very simple; 2. The design dimensions of the grinding nut and the left and right adjusting rings can be changed to meet the grinding processing of ball screws of different specifications and sizes; 3. The grinding pre-tightening force applied by the left and right adjusting rings to the grinding nut can be adjusted to meet the actual grinding needs by changing the taper of the outer conical surface of the grinding nut and the inner conical surface of the left and right adjusting rings, or by adjusting the length of the screw connection between the left and right adjusting rings and the grinding nut. 4. The taper of the outer conical surfaces at both ends of the grinding nut or the number or width of the elastic contraction grooves on the outer conical surfaces at both ends of the grinding nut can be designed to have different values to achieve different grinding preload forces at the left and right ends of the grinding nut. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the grinding nut in the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Left view of Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the left adjustment ring in the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the right adjusting ring in the present invention.
[0012] Figure markings: 1-grinding nut, 1.1-external thread, 1.2-external conical surface A, 1.3-external conical surface B, 1.4-elastic shrinkage groove A, 1.5-elastic shrinkage groove B, 2-left adjusting ring, 2.1-inner conical surface A, 2.2-inner thread A, 2.3-threaded hole A, 3-right adjusting ring, 3.1-inner conical surface B, 3.2-inner thread B, 3.3-threaded hole B, 4-ball screw to be ground. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0014] An embodiment of the present invention: A grinding device for a ball screw thread raceway comprises a grinding nut 1 in the shape of a hollow olive, that is, the grinding nut 1 is large in the middle and then gradually decreases in size toward both ends, and also comprises a left adjustment ring 2 and a right adjustment ring 3 in the shape of an annulus. During the process, the grinding nut 1 is sleeved on the ball screw 4 to be ground, and the internal profile of the grinding nut 1 matches the thread raceway profile of the ball screw to be ground; and the left adjusting ring 2 and the right adjusting ring 3 are respectively sleeved on the outer conical surfaces of the left and right ends of the grinding nut 1, that is, the left adjusting ring 2 is sleeved on the outer conical surface A1.2 of the left end of the grinding nut 1, and the right adjusting ring 3 is sleeved on the outer conical surface B1.3 of the right end of the grinding nut 1. During the sleeve connection process, the left adjusting ring 2 and the right adjusting ring 3 apply a grinding pre-tightening force in the circumferential direction to the grinding nut 1 through threaded connection. A plurality of elastic shrinkage grooves are respectively provided on the outer conical surfaces A1.2 and B1.3 of the grinding nut 1. Due to the presence of the elastic shrinkage grooves, the grinding nut 1 shrinks and deforms under the action of the extrusion force, so that the grinding pre-tightening force changes.
[0015] An external thread 1.1 is provided on the middle protruding outer circle of the grinding nut 1, and the elastic shrinkage grooves include three or four elastic shrinkage grooves A1.4 provided on the outer conical surface A1.2, and three or four elastic shrinkage grooves B1.5 provided on the outer conical surface B1.3. The elastic shrinkage grooves A1.4 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer conical surface A1.2, and the elastic shrinkage grooves B1.5 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer conical surface B1.3, and respectively penetrate the cylinder wall of the outer conical surface at the left and right ends of the grinding nut 1. The length of the elastic shrinkage groove extends from the left and right end faces of the grinding nut 1 to the undercut grooves of the left and right end faces of the external thread 1.1, that is, the length of the elastic shrinkage groove A1.4 extends from the left end face of the grinding nut 1 to the undercut groove of the left end face of the external thread 1.1, and the length of the elastic shrinkage groove B1.5 extends from the right end face of the grinding nut 1 to the undercut groove of the right end face of the external thread 1.1.
[0016] The inner holes of the left adjustment ring 2 and the right adjustment ring 3 are both set to two sections, one section is an inner conical surface section, and the other section is an inner thread section. Among them, the inner conical surface section of the left adjustment ring 2 forms an inner conical surface A2.1, and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread A2.2; while the inner conical surface section of the right adjustment ring 3 forms an inner conical surface B3.1, and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread B3.2. The taper of the inner conical surface A2.1 is the same as the taper of the outer conical surface A1.2 at the left end of the grinding nut 1, and the taper of the inner conical surface B3.1 is the same as the taper of the outer conical surface B1.3 at the right end of the grinding nut 1. The inner thread A2.2 and the inner thread B3.2 match the outer thread 1.1 of the grinding nut 1.
[0017] Take the left adjustment ring 2 as an example. As the left adjustment ring 2 is continuously rotated to move to the right, the inner conical surface 2.1 of the left adjustment ring 2 continuously squeezes the outer conical surface 1.2 at the left end of the grinding nut 1. Since the outer conical surface 1.2 is provided with an elastic shrinkage groove A1.4, the grinding nut 1 shrinks and deforms under the squeezing force of the left adjustment ring 2, so that the grinding preload force changes. When the step surface of the inner thread section of the left adjustment ring 2 contacts the left end surface of the protruding outer circle portion in the middle of the grinding nut 1, the left adjustment ring 2 moves to the maximum stroke and cannot continue to move to the right. Since the length of the elastic shrinkage groove A1.4 extends from the left end surface of the grinding nut 1 to the undercut groove on the left end surface of the outer thread 1.1, it can be ensured that when the left adjustment ring 2 moves to the maximum stroke, the grinding nut 1 can be deformed by the movement of the left adjustment ring 2, thereby changing the grinding preload force.
[0018] The left adjusting ring 2 is provided with a threaded hole A2.3, and the right adjusting ring 3 is provided with a threaded hole B3.3. The threaded hole A2.3 and the threaded hole B3.3 are used to screw on the handle with external threads, so as to facilitate the rotation of the left adjustment ring 2 and the right adjustment ring 3 to adjust the screw connection with the threads of the grinding nut 1.
[0019] A grinding method based on a grinding device for a ball screw thread raceway, the grinding method comprising the following operating steps: Step 1: Screw the grinding nut 1 onto the ball screw 4 to be ground; Step 2: Put the left adjustment ring 2 and the right adjustment ring 3 on the outer conical surfaces of the left and right ends of the grinding nut 1 respectively, and complete the assembly by screwing; Step 3: Apply abrasive to the ball screw 4 to be ground; Step 4: By adjusting the length of the threaded connection between the left adjusting ring 2 and the right adjusting ring 3 and the grinding nut 1, the grinding pre-tightening force applied by the left adjusting ring 2 and the right adjusting ring 3 to the grinding nut 1 is adjusted; Step 5: Keep the ball screw 4 to be ground or the grinding device stationary, and rotate the grinding device or the ball screw 4 to be ground relative to the ball screw 4 to be ground or the grinding device. When the grinding nut 1 rotates to the position coated with the abrasive, the grinding process of the ball screw 4 to be ground is realized.
Claims
1. A grinding device for a ball screw thread raceway, characterized in that: The invention comprises a grinding nut (1) in the shape of a hollow olive and a left adjusting ring (2) and a right adjusting ring (3) in the shape of an annulus; the grinding nut (1) is sleeved on a ball screw (4) to be ground, and its internal profile matches the thread raceway profile of the ball screw to be ground; the left adjusting ring (2) and the right adjusting ring (3) are sleeved on the outer conical surface A (1.2) at the left end and the outer conical surface B (1.3) at the right end of the grinding nut (1), respectively, and a grinding pre-tightening force in a circumferential direction is applied to the grinding nut (1) through threaded connection; and a plurality of elastic contraction grooves are respectively provided on the outer conical surface A (1.2) and the outer conical surface B (1.3) of the grinding nut (1).
2. The grinding device for ball screw thread raceway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding nut (1) has an outer thread (1.1) on its central protruding outer circle; the elastic shrinkage grooves include three or four elastic shrinkage grooves A (1.4) on the outer conical surface A (1.2), and three or four elastic shrinkage grooves B (1.5) on the outer conical surface B (1.3); the elastic shrinkage grooves A (1.4) and the elastic shrinkage grooves B (1.5) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer conical surface, and respectively penetrate the cylinder wall of the outer conical surface at the left and right ends of the grinding nut (1); the length of the elastic shrinkage grooves respectively extends from the left and right end faces of the grinding nut (1) to the undercut grooves on the left and right end faces of the external thread (1.1).
3. The grinding device for ball screw thread raceway according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner holes of the left adjusting ring (2) and the right adjusting ring (3) are both configured as two sections, one section being an inner conical surface section and the other section being an inner thread section, wherein the inner conical surface section of the left adjusting ring (2) forms an inner conical surface A (2.1), and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread A (2.2), and the inner conical surface section of the right adjusting ring (3) forms an inner conical surface B (3.1), and the inner thread section is provided with an inner thread B (3.2), and the tapers of the inner conical surface A (2.1) and the inner conical surface B (3.1) are respectively the same as the tapers of the outer conical surface A (1.2) and the outer conical surface B (1.3) of the grinding nut (1); and the inner thread A (2.2) and the inner thread B (3.2) are matched with the outer thread (1.1) of the grinding nut (1).
4. The grinding device for ball screw thread raceway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left adjustment ring (2) and the right adjustment ring (3) are also provided with a threaded hole A (2.3) and a threaded hole B (3.3) respectively.
5. A grinding method for a ball screw thread raceway grinding device based on any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grinding method includes the following steps: Step 1: Screw the grinding nut (1) onto the ball screw (4) to be ground; Step 2: Put the left adjustment ring (2) and the right adjustment ring (3) on the outer conical surfaces of the left and right ends of the grinding nut (1) respectively, and complete the assembly by screwing; Step 3: Apply abrasive to the ball screw (4) to be ground; Step 4: By adjusting the length of the threaded connection between the left adjusting ring (2) and the right adjusting ring (3) and the grinding nut (1), the grinding pre-tightening force applied by the left adjusting ring (2) and the right adjusting ring (3) to the grinding nut (1) is adjusted; Step 5: Keep the ball screw (4) to be ground or the grinding device stationary, and rotate the grinding device or the ball screw (4) to be ground relative to the ball screw (4) to be ground or the grinding device. When the grinding nut (1) rotates to a position coated with abrasive, the grinding process of the ball screw (4) to be ground is completed.