A new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall and its construction technology

Abstract

The present application discloses a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall and a construction process thereof, relating to the technical field of building materials. The new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall comprises, by weight, 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of fast-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzylhexadecanamide, 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 15-25 parts of iron powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder, and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion. By improving the composition and preparation process of the new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall, the anti-seepage performance and construction performance of the new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall are improved, and the durability and performance of the mortar are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Backwater wall anti-seepage mortar is a waterproof mortar material specifically designed for backwater surfaces. It is primarily refined from special cement, quartz sand, activated microcrystals, and other functional additives, and features excellent waterproofing, good adhesion, high compressive strength, and durability.

[0003] With the continuous development of the construction industry, the requirements for waterproof performance of building materials are increasing. As a waterproof mortar material specifically designed for backwater surfaces, the performance of backwater wall anti-seepage mortar directly affects the service life and safety of buildings. Currently, while the backwater wall anti-seepage mortars on the market can meet waterproofing requirements to a certain extent, they still have shortcomings in terms of compressive strength, anti-seepage performance, and ease of construction.

[0004] For example, the Chinese patent application number CN202311234030.4, interface mortar for anti-corrosion coatings and its preparation method, this invention relates to an interface mortar for anti-corrosion coatings and its preparation method, which belongs to the field of building materials technology. The interface mortar comprises, by weight, 100 parts of cement, 260-330 parts of quartz sand, 20-28 parts of corundum powder, 8-13 parts of anti-seepage modified fibers, 15-22 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.6-3.2 parts of water reducer and 0.5-0.7 parts of defoamer. The anti-seepage modified fibers are not easy to agglomerate, have good hydrophilicity and are easy to disperse in the mortar. They can react with the polyacrylate segments in the redispersible rubber powder to enhance the reinforcing effect of the fibers. The positive charge on the surface of the anti-seepage modified fibers has an electrostatic adsorption effect on negatively charged cement particles, and the nitrogen-oxygen structure has a chelating effect on the corundum powder, forming a powder-enriched layer near the surface of the fibers. After hydration, a dense hydration layer is formed to wrap the fiber structure. The structure is intertwined in the mortar to form a water barrier, lengthening the water infiltration channel and improving the anti-seepage ability.

[0005] Although the above scheme has improved the anti-seepage ability to a certain extent, it still has problems such as insufficient anti-seepage pressure, limited mechanical properties and complicated construction process. Especially under harsh conditions such as high water pressure and complex environment, it is difficult to meet long-term and stable waterproofing needs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application solve the problems of insufficient anti-seepage pressure, insufficient mechanical properties and complicated construction process existing in the prior art by providing a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls and its construction process. By improving the composition and preparation process of the new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls, the anti-seepage performance and construction performance are improved, and the durability and performance of the mortar are enhanced.

[0007] The present application provides a novel anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls, comprising, by weight: 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of rapid-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzyl hexadecanoic acid amide, 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 15-25 parts of iron powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder, and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion.

[0008] The iron powder is pretreated, specifically in the following steps:

[0009] Step A1: 15-25 parts by weight of iron powder and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion are mixed in a blender at a stirring speed of 60-100 rpm for 5-10 minutes to uniformly coat the surface of the iron powder with the acrylic emulsion;

[0010] Wherein, the particle size of the iron powder is 100-200 mesh;

[0011] Step A2: adding 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder to the mixed iron powder and acrylic emulsion and mixing them evenly to form an iron powder mixture;

[0012] Step A3: Place the treated iron powder mixture in a drying oven, control the temperature at 40-60°C, and dry for 2-4 hours to ensure that the film-forming components form a stable film layer on the surface of the iron powder to obtain film-forming iron powder.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall comprises the following specific steps:

[0014] Step B1, 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of rapid-hardening sulfoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzyl hexadecanoic acid amide and 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane are mixed uniformly to form a base mortar;

[0015] Step B2: Add film-forming iron powder to the base mortar, use a mixer to mix all components evenly at a stirring speed of 150-250 rpm, add water during the stirring process, and adjust the consistency of the slurry to 45-55 mm to obtain a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls.

[0016] Furthermore, the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls further comprises 5-10 parts by weight of an inorganic salt blocking agent; the inorganic salt blocking agent is calcium chloride, and the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 5%-10%.

[0017] Furthermore, the inorganic salt plugging agent solution also includes three different concentration ranges of inorganic salts: low concentration of 1%-3%, medium concentration of 5%-8%, and high concentration of 10%-15%.

[0018] Furthermore, the usage ratio of the inorganic salts in different concentration ranges is: low concentration inorganic salts account for 10%-20% of the total amount of the plugging agent, medium concentration inorganic salts account for 30%-40% of the total amount of the plugging agent, and high concentration inorganic salts account for 40%-60% of the total amount of the plugging agent.

[0019] Furthermore, the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls also includes epoxy resin; the amount of epoxy resin used is 5%-20% of the total amount of the inorganic salt blocking agent.

[0020] A construction process for a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls, comprising the following specific steps:

[0021] Step C1: treating the wall surface to make it clean and free of oil and impurities, and setting magnets on the wall surface. The arrangement of the magnets is set according to the desired membrane channel pattern.

[0022] Step C2: applying mortar, using a plastering tool to evenly apply the mortar on the wall surface. During the application process, the film-forming iron powder is attracted by the magnet to form a predetermined membrane channel;

[0023] Step C3: After the application is completed, the mortar is cured to allow it to fully harden and form.

[0024] Furthermore, after the predetermined membrane channel is formed in step C2, 5-10 parts of an inorganic salt plugging agent is injected into the mortar through the membrane channel, specifically:

[0025] Step C3: After the application is completed, the mortar is initially cured, the magnet is removed, and the membrane channel remains open;

[0026] Inject inorganic salt plugging agent solution into the mortar through the membrane channel at an injection pressure of 0.2-0.5MPa;

[0027] Continue to cure the mortar to allow the inorganic salt plugging agent to crystallize inside the mortar, blocking the membrane channels and gaps to form a dense anti-seepage layer, and cure until the mortar is fully hardened and formed.

[0028] Furthermore, in step C3, low-concentration, medium-concentration and high-concentration inorganic salt plugging agent solutions are injected in sequence according to the dosage ratio.

[0029] Furthermore, in step C3, after the inorganic salt is completely dried, epoxy resin is injected into the pores on the surface of the mortar through the membrane channel; the injection pressure of the epoxy resin is 0.1-0.3 MPa.

[0030] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0031] Firstly, iron powder, as a ferromagnetic material, will be magnetized and generate magnetic moment in the magnetic field, thereby producing a directional arrangement under the action of the external magnetic field; the magnetic field generated by the magnet will attract the iron powder to move, and since the surface of the iron powder is coated with film-forming components, the film-forming substances on the iron powder will also form a path as the iron powder moves; by adjusting the magnetic field strength and direction of the magnet, the arrangement and orientation of the iron powder in the mortar can be controlled; the direction of the magnetic moment is consistent with the direction of the external magnetic field, which enables the iron powder particles to be oriented in the magnetic field; by setting magnets on the wall in advance and arranging them according to the desired membrane channel pattern, a magnetic field with a specific direction can be formed. When the mortar is applied, the film-forming iron powder in the mortar will be attracted by this magnetic field, thereby moving in a directional direction along the direction of the magnet arrangement, forming a predetermined membrane channel;

[0032] Secondly, the membrane channel provides a path for the injection of inorganic salt plugging agents. Under pressure, the inorganic salt plugging agent solution can penetrate into the small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar through the membrane channel. As the water evaporates or participates in the reaction, the inorganic salt crystallizes inside the mortar to form a dense plugging layer; the inorganic salt will undergo a hydrolysis reaction in water to generate corresponding hydration products, which can fill the small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar to form a dense anti-seepage layer; after the application is completed, the mortar is initially cured to slightly harden its surface, but the interior still maintains humidity, which is conducive to the penetration and crystallization of the inorganic salt. After removing the magnet, the membrane channel formed by the iron powder remains open, providing conditions for the injection of inorganic salts; continuing the mortar curing, the inorganic salt plugging agent crystallizes inside the mortar, blocking the membrane channels and gaps to form a dense anti-seepage layer;

[0033] Third, inorganic salts will undergo hydration reaction when in contact with water to generate hydration products. These hydration products can fill the pores and capillaries in the mortar, thereby improving the density of the mortar. The speed and degree of hydration reaction of inorganic salt solutions of different concentrations are different. Low-concentration solutions have strong permeability and can quickly enter the interior of the mortar; medium-concentration solutions begin to form hydration products while penetrating; high-concentration solutions form a dense blocking layer; by introducing inorganic salt solutions of different concentrations, a concentration gradient can be formed. Low-concentration inorganic salt solutions first penetrate into the interior of the mortar, providing a penetration path for subsequent medium and high-concentration inorganic salt solutions. Medium-concentration inorganic salt solutions further block pores and enhance the density of the mortar. High-concentration inorganic salt solutions form a dense blocking layer, effectively preventing water penetration; by controlling the dosage ratio of inorganic salts of different concentrations, the performance of the plugging agent can be optimized. Low-concentration inorganic salts are used in moderate amounts to ensure permeability; medium-concentration inorganic salts are used in larger amounts to enhance the plugging effect; high-concentration inorganic salts are used in the largest amounts to form a tight plugging layer;

[0034] Fourthly, epoxy resin is a high-performance polymer material with excellent adhesion and wear resistance. After the inorganic salt is completely dried, injecting epoxy resin into the pores on the mortar surface through the membrane channel can further seal the pores on the mortar surface and enhance the mortar's anti-seepage performance. After injection, the epoxy resin will penetrate into the pores on the mortar surface and form a tight bond with the inorganic salt sealant inside the mortar; as the epoxy resin solidifies, a dense polymer film will be formed, covering the mortar surface, effectively preventing the penetration of moisture and harmful substances; by injecting epoxy resin, the end sealing of the pores inside and on the surface of the mortar is achieved, ensuring the stability of the system substances inside the mortar; the polymer film formed after the epoxy resin is cured has good durability and chemical stability, and can protect the mortar from erosion by the external environment for a long time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the membrane channel of Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains; the terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention; the term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0037] Example 1: A new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall, comprising, by weight:

[0038] 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of rapid-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzylhexadecanamide, 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 15-25 parts of iron powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder, and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion;

[0039] The iron powder is pretreated, specifically in the following steps:

[0040] Step A1: 15-25 parts by weight of iron powder and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion are mixed in a blender at a stirring speed of 60-100 rpm for 5-10 minutes to uniformly coat the surface of the iron powder with the acrylic emulsion;

[0041] Wherein, the particle size of the iron powder is 100-200 mesh;

[0042] Step A2: adding 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder to the mixed iron powder and acrylic emulsion and mixing them evenly to form an iron powder mixture;

[0043] Step A3: placing the treated iron powder mixture in a drying oven at a temperature of 40-60° C. for 2-4 hours to ensure that the film-forming components form a stable film layer on the surface of the iron powder to obtain film-forming iron powder;

[0044] The preparation of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall comprises the following specific steps:

[0045] Step B1, 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of rapid-hardening sulfoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzyl hexadecanoic acid amide and 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane are mixed uniformly to form a base mortar;

[0046] Step B2: adding film-forming iron powder to the base mortar, using a mixer to mix all the components evenly at a stirring speed of 150-250 rpm, adding water during the stirring process, and adjusting the consistency of the slurry to 45-55 mm to obtain a new anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls;

[0047] The construction process of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall specifically comprises the following steps:

[0048] Step C1: treating the wall surface to make it clean and free of oil and impurities, and setting magnets on the wall surface. The arrangement of the magnets is set according to the desired membrane channel pattern.

[0049] Step C2: Figure 1 As shown, mortar is applied and evenly spread on the wall surface using a plastering tool. During the application process, the film-forming iron powder is attracted by the magnet to form a predetermined film channel.

[0050] Among them, the coating thickness is 5-15mm;

[0051] Step C3: After the application is completed, the mortar is cured to allow it to fully harden and form.

[0052] The following experiments were conducted on the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall: Experiment 1. The new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall includes, by weight: 40 parts of Portland cement, 10 parts of fast-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 280 parts of quartz sand, 22 parts of corundum powder, 10 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8 parts of water reducer, 0.5 parts of water repellent, 4 parts of N-benzyl hexadecanoic acid amide, 2 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 15 parts of iron powder, 0.5 parts of retarder, and 2.5 parts of acrylic emulsion;

[0053] Experiment 2. A new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls, comprising, by weight: 50 parts of Portland cement, 15 parts of rapid-hardening sulfoaluminate cement, 320 parts of quartz sand, 26 parts of corundum powder, 12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.7 parts of water repellent, 6 parts of N-benzylhexadecanamide, 4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 25 parts of iron powder, 1.5 parts of retarder, and 5 parts of acrylic emulsion.

[0054] Experiment 3. A new type of anti-seepage mortar for back-water wall includes, by weight: 45 parts of Portland cement, 12.5 parts of fast-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 300 parts of quartz sand, 24 parts of corundum powder, 11 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.4 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.9 parts of water reducer, 0.6 parts of water repellent, 5 parts of N-benzylhexadecanamide, 3 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 20 parts of iron powder, 1.0 part of retarder, and 3.5 parts of acrylic emulsion.

[0055] Performance Testing

[0056] The new anti-seepage mortars prepared in Experiments 1 to 3 were poured into molds and cured for 7 days. The anti-seepage test was carried out using the SS-15 mortar anti-seepage tester according to the JGJ / T70-2009 standard. Prismatic specimens with a size of 40×40×160 mm were cast and cured for 28 days. The flexural performance test was carried out using an electronic universal testing machine. The specific test data are shown in the following table:

[0057] Test items Impermeability pressure / MPa Flexural strength / MPa Experiment 1 1.77 10.54 Experiment 2 1.91 11.35 Experiment 3 1.84 10.97

[0058] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0059] The iron powder and acrylic emulsion are mixed evenly, so that the acrylic emulsion is evenly coated on the surface of the iron powder. The acrylic emulsion, as a film-forming component, can form a stable film layer on the surface of the iron powder. This film layer not only enhances the corrosion resistance of the iron powder, but also forms an additional anti-seepage barrier in the mortar. The addition of a retarder further ensures that the film-forming component forms a stable film layer on the surface of the iron powder. The function of the retarder is to delay the hydration reaction of the cement and prevent it from solidifying prematurely during the mixing process. After drying, the film-forming component is completely solidified on the surface of the iron powder, resulting in a film-forming iron powder.

[0060] As a ferromagnetic material, iron powder will be magnetized and generate magnetic moments in a magnetic field, thereby producing a directional arrangement under the action of an external magnetic field; the magnetic field generated by the magnet will attract the iron powder to move, and since the surface of the iron powder is coated with film-forming components, the film-forming substances on the iron powder will also form pathways as the iron powder moves; by adjusting the magnetic field strength and direction of the magnet, the arrangement and orientation of the iron powder in the mortar can be controlled; the direction of the magnetic moment is consistent with the direction of the external magnetic field, which enables the iron powder particles to be oriented in the magnetic field; by pre-setting magnets on the wall and arranging them according to the desired membrane channel pattern, a magnetic field with a specific direction can be formed. When the mortar is applied, the film-forming iron powder in the mortar will be attracted by this magnetic field, thereby moving in a directional manner along the direction of the magnet arrangement, forming a predetermined membrane channel;

[0061] Through the attraction of the magnet, the film-forming substance on the iron powder forms a predetermined membrane channel in the mortar. By forming a specific membrane channel, the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls can guide the infiltrated water to flow out along a predetermined path, avoiding the penetration and accumulation of water in the mortar. The directional guidance of the magnet enables the film-forming iron powder to accurately form the required membrane channel pattern during the application process, thereby improving the formation accuracy and aesthetics of the membrane channel. Since the iron powder is directional arranged under the action of the magnetic field, the formed membrane channel is more stable and is not easily affected by subsequent construction or external factors and thus deformed or blocked. By setting magnets and adjusting their arrangement, the formation position and shape of the membrane channel can be controlled, thereby simplifying the construction process.

[0062] Due to the combined effect of the predetermined membrane channels and anti-seepage components formed in the mortar, the anti-seepage performance of the mortar is significantly improved, protecting the wall from moisture erosion and damage. The precise membrane channel formation improves the anti-seepage performance of the mortar, allowing moisture to be discharged more effectively through the membrane channels. Moisture flows out along the membrane channels, facilitating timely detection and maintenance. The simplified construction process and precise membrane channel formation reduce the complexity and time cost of manual operations, thereby improving construction efficiency. The stable membrane channel structure promotes the hardening and strength improvement of the mortar. At the same time, the addition of iron powder also increases the density and skeleton support of the mortar, further enhancing the overall strength of the mortar.

[0063] Example 2: The above-mentioned Example 1 uses a magnet to perform magnetic field treatment and guidance on the film-forming iron powder. Based on the magnetization characteristics of ferromagnetic materials and the directional guiding effect of the magnetic field on magnetized objects, a membrane channel is formed to improve the anti-seepage performance of the mortar. In order to further improve the anti-seepage performance and construction performance of the mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of Example 1.

[0064] The novel anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall further comprises 5-10 parts by weight of an inorganic salt blocking agent;

[0065] Step C2: After the predetermined membrane channel is formed, 5-10 parts of an inorganic salt plugging agent is injected into the mortar through the membrane channel, specifically:

[0066] Step C3: After the application is completed, the mortar is initially cured, the magnet is removed, and the membrane channel formed by the iron powder remains open;

[0067] Inject the inorganic salt plugging agent solution into the mortar through the membrane channel, so that the inorganic salt plugging agent solution can fully penetrate into the small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar;

[0068] Continue to cure the mortar to allow the inorganic salt plugging agent to crystallize inside the mortar, plugging the membrane channels and gaps to form a dense anti-seepage layer. Cure until the mortar is fully hardened and formed.

[0069] Among them, the inorganic salt plugging agent is calcium chloride, the concentration of calcium chloride solution is 5%-10%; the injection pressure is 0.2-0.5MPa, and the curing time is 7-14 days.

[0070] For this embodiment, an experiment was conducted on the basis of Experiment 3 in Example 1. The difference between the experiment in this embodiment and Experiment 3 is that, through the above method, 7 parts of inorganic salt plugging agent were injected into the mortar through the membrane channel, wherein the inorganic salt plugging agent was calcium chloride, the concentration of the calcium chloride solution was 7%, and the injection pressure was 0.2-0.5 MPa.

[0071] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0072] The membrane channel provides a path for the injection of inorganic salt plugging agents. Under pressure, the inorganic salt plugging agent solution can penetrate into the small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar through the membrane channel. As the water evaporates or participates in the reaction, the inorganic salt crystallizes inside the mortar to form a dense plugging layer. The inorganic salt will undergo a hydrolysis reaction in water to generate corresponding hydration products, which can fill the small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar to form a dense anti-seepage layer. After the application is completed, the mortar is initially cured to slightly harden its surface, but the interior still maintains humidity, which is conducive to the penetration and crystallization of the inorganic salt. After removing the magnet, the membrane channel formed by the iron powder remains open, providing conditions for the injection of inorganic salts. Continuing to maintain the mortar allows the inorganic salt plugging agent to crystallize inside the mortar, blocking the membrane channels and gaps to form a dense anti-seepage layer.

[0073] Through the penetration and crystallization of inorganic salts, the water seepage problem caused by small gaps and capillaries inside the mortar is effectively solved. The anti-seepage performance of the mortar has been significantly improved, which can effectively prevent the penetration, accumulation and leakage of water. The sealing layer formed after the crystallization of inorganic salts not only blocks the gaps and membrane channels, but also enhances the overall strength of the mortar. It has high strength and stability, can resist the penetration and erosion of water for a long time, improve the mechanical properties of the mortar such as compression and flexural strength, and extend the service life of the mortar; using the directional guidance effect of the magnet on the iron powder, it is easy to form a predetermined membrane channel and control the membrane. The formation position and shape of the channel improve the flexibility and accuracy of construction. The internal voids and capillary channels of the mortar can be sealed without additional construction steps or equipment, which simplifies the construction process and reduces construction costs. The injection process of inorganic salts has little effect on the construction performance of the mortar. Mortar maintenance can continue without additional waiting time, making the mortar easy to apply and maintain, improving construction efficiency and shortening the construction period. The injection and crystallization process of the inorganic salt sealing agent can optimize the internal structure of the mortar, improve its density and uniformity, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties and durability of the mortar.

[0074] Example 3: In the above-mentioned Example 2, inorganic salt plugging agent is injected into the mortar through the membrane channel, and the hydration reaction and plugging effect of the inorganic salt are utilized to further improve the anti-seepage performance of the mortar and optimize the construction performance. In order to further improve the anti-seepage performance and construction performance of the mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of Example 2.

[0075] The inorganic salt plugging agent solution also includes three different concentration ranges of inorganic salts: low concentration of 1%-3%, medium concentration of 5%-8%, and high concentration of 10%-15%;

[0076] The specific dosage ratio is: low-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 10%-20% of the total amount of plugging agent, medium-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 30%-40%, and high-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 40%-60%;

[0077] In step C3, low-concentration, medium-concentration and high-concentration inorganic salt plugging agent solutions are injected in sequence according to the dosage ratio.

[0078] For this embodiment, an experiment was conducted on the basis of Example 2. The difference between the experiment of this embodiment and the experiment of Example 2 is that the inorganic salt plugging agent solution also includes three different concentration ranges of inorganic salts: low concentration of 1%-3%, medium concentration of 5%-8%, and high concentration of 10%-15%; among them, the low concentration of inorganic salt accounts for 15% of the total amount of the plugging agent, the medium concentration of inorganic salt accounts for 35%, and the high concentration of inorganic salt accounts for 50%.

[0079] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0080] Inorganic salts will undergo hydration reaction when in contact with water, generating hydration products. These hydration products can fill the pores and capillaries in the mortar, thereby improving the density of the mortar. The speed and degree of hydration reaction of inorganic salt solutions of different concentrations are different. Low-concentration solutions have strong permeability and can quickly enter the interior of the mortar; medium-concentration solutions begin to form hydration products while penetrating; high-concentration solutions form a dense plugging layer; by introducing inorganic salt solutions of different concentrations, a concentration gradient can be formed. Low-concentration inorganic salt solutions first penetrate into the mortar, providing a penetration path for subsequent medium and high-concentration inorganic salt solutions. Medium-concentration inorganic salt solutions further block pores and enhance the density of the mortar, while high-concentration inorganic salt solutions form a dense plugging layer, effectively preventing water penetration; by controlling the dosage ratio of inorganic salts of different concentrations, the performance of the plugging agent can be optimized. Low-concentration inorganic salts are used in a moderate amount to ensure permeability; medium-concentration inorganic salts are used in a larger amount to enhance the plugging effect; high-concentration inorganic salts are used in the largest amount to form a dense plugging layer;

[0081] The combination of multiple concentrations of inorganic salts can form a denser sealing layer, effectively preventing water penetration. The penetration and blocking effects of low- and medium-concentration inorganic salts provide a good penetration path and blocking foundation for high-concentration inorganic salts, making the entire sealing layer more uniform and dense, significantly improving the anti-seepage performance of the mortar.

[0082] Inorganic salts of different concentrations have different permeability and blocking effects, and can adapt to different voids and capillary conditions within the mortar. Control of the injection sequence and pressure ensures that the inorganic salt solution can fully penetrate the mortar, improving the flexibility and accuracy of construction. Control of the dosage ratio makes the use of the blocking agent more economical and efficient. The blocking agent has good construction performance and is easy to inject and maintain.

[0083] The hydration products of high-concentration inorganic salts can absorb and retain a certain amount of water, play a role in absorbing a small amount of water, and enhance the mortar's ability to regulate moisture. The hydration products of high-concentration inorganic salts regulate the internal humidity of the mortar by absorbing and releasing moisture, reducing cracking and strength loss caused by drying, allowing the mortar to maintain a certain humidity in a dry environment, and improving its durability and performance.

[0084] Example 4: The above-mentioned Example 3 significantly improves the anti-seepage performance and construction performance of the mortar and enhances the durability and performance of the mortar by introducing inorganic salt plugging agents of different concentrations and combining them with a specific dosage ratio based on the principles of inorganic salt hydrolysis reaction, concentration gradient and dosage ratio control. In order to further improve the anti-seepage performance and construction performance of the mortar, further improvements are made on the basis of Example 3.

[0085] After the inorganic salts are completely dried, epoxy resin is also injected into the pores on the mortar surface through the membrane channels;

[0086] In step C3, after the inorganic salt is completely dried, epoxy resin is injected into the pores on the mortar surface through the membrane channel;

[0087] The injection pressure of the epoxy resin is 0.1-0.3 MPa, and the amount of epoxy resin used is 5%-20% of the total amount of the inorganic salt plugging agent.

[0088] For this embodiment, an experiment was conducted on the basis of Example 3. The difference between the experiment of this embodiment and the experiment of Example 3 is that in step C3, after the inorganic salt is completely dried, epoxy resin is injected into the pores on the mortar surface through the membrane channel; wherein, the injection pressure of the epoxy resin is 0.1-0.3MPa, and the amount of epoxy resin used is 15% of the total amount of the inorganic salt plugging agent.

[0089] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0090] Epoxy resin is a high-performance polymer material with excellent adhesion and wear resistance. After the inorganic salt is completely dried, the epoxy resin is injected into the pores on the mortar surface through the membrane channel, which can further block the pores on the mortar surface and enhance the anti-seepage performance of the mortar. After injection, the epoxy resin will penetrate into the pores on the mortar surface and form a tight bond with the inorganic salt blocking agent inside the mortar. As the epoxy resin solidifies, a dense polymer film will form, covering the mortar surface, effectively preventing the penetration of moisture and harmful substances. By injecting epoxy resin, the end-point blockage of the pores inside and on the surface of the mortar is achieved, ensuring the stability of the internal system substances of the mortar. The polymer film formed after the epoxy resin is cured has good durability and chemical stability, and can protect the mortar from erosion by the external environment for a long time.

[0091] Through the hydrolysis reaction of inorganic salts and the penetration and curing of epoxy resin, the pores inside and on the surface of the mortar are completely blocked, significantly improving the anti-seepage performance of the mortar. This improvement in anti-seepage performance significantly improves the waterproof treatment of the backwater wall, effectively preventing the penetration of moisture and harmful substances, and protecting the safety and stability of the wall structure;

[0092] The polymer film formed after epoxy resin cures has excellent durability and chemical stability, which can protect the mortar from external environmental erosion for a long time. Through the inorganic salt hydrolysis reaction and the sealing effect of epoxy resin, the internal structure of the mortar is effectively reinforced and stabilized, and the mortar's mechanical properties such as compressive strength and flexural strength are improved. This improvement in durability and performance can extend the service life of the mortar and reduce maintenance costs.

[0093] The adhesion and sealing properties of epoxy resin not only improve the anti-seepage performance of the mortar, but also enhance its strength and stability; epoxy resin interacts with inorganic salt sealants, cement and other components in the mortar to form a tighter and stronger structural system, thereby improving the overall performance of the mortar.

[0094] Performance Testing

[0095] The new anti-seepage mortars for backwater walls prepared in Examples 2 to 4 were poured into a mold and cured for 7 days according to the standard. The anti-seepage test was performed using an SS-15 mortar anti-seepage tester in accordance with the JGJ / T70-2009 standard. Prismatic specimens with a specification of 40×40×160 mm were cast and cured for 28 days according to the standard. The flexural performance test was performed using an electronic universal testing machine. The specific test data are shown in the following table:

[0096] Test items Impermeability pressure / MPa Flexural strength / MPa Example 1 (Experiment 3) 1.84 10.97 Example 2 1.98 11.01 Example 3 2.17 11.37 Example 4 2.36 11.86

[0097] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations are readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction process for a new type of anti-seepage mortar for backwater walls, characterized in that: The specific steps are: Step C1: treating the wall surface to make it clean and free of oil and impurities, and setting magnets on the wall surface. The arrangement of the magnets is set according to the desired membrane channel pattern. Step C2: applying mortar, using a plastering tool to evenly apply the mortar on the wall surface. During the application process, the film-forming iron powder is attracted by the magnet to form a predetermined membrane channel; Step C3: After the mortar is applied, the mortar is cured to allow it to fully harden and form; The mortar comprises, by weight, 40-50 parts of Portland cement, 10-15 parts of fast-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, 280-320 parts of quartz sand, 22-26 parts of corundum powder, 10-12 parts of anti-seepage modified fiber, 0.3-0.5 parts of redispersible rubber powder, 2.8-3.0 parts of water reducer, 0.5-0.7 parts of water repellent, 4-6 parts of N-benzyl hexadecanoic acid amide, 2-4 parts of 4-iodophenylethynyltrimethylsilane, 15-25 parts of iron powder, 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder, and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion; The iron powder is pretreated, specifically in the following steps: Step A1: 15-25 parts by weight of iron powder and 2.5-5 parts of acrylic emulsion are mixed in a blender at a stirring speed of 60-100 rpm for 5-10 minutes to uniformly coat the surface of the iron powder with the acrylic emulsion; Step A2: adding 0.5-1.5 parts of retarder to the mixed iron powder and acrylic emulsion and mixing them evenly to form an iron powder mixture; Step A3: Place the treated iron powder mixture in a drying oven, control the temperature at 40-60°C, and dry for 2-4 hours to ensure that the film-forming components form a stable film layer on the surface of the iron powder to obtain film-forming iron powder.

2. The construction process of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step C3 is specifically as follows: After application, the mortar is initially cured, the magnets are removed, and the membrane channels remain open; Injecting an inorganic salt plugging agent solution into the mortar through the membrane channel at an injection pressure of 0.2-0.5 MPa, wherein the inorganic salt plugging agent is calcium chloride; Continue to cure the mortar to allow the inorganic salt plugging agent to crystallize inside the mortar, blocking the membrane channels and gaps to form a dense anti-seepage layer, and cure until the mortar is fully hardened and formed.

3. The construction process of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step C3, low-concentration, medium-concentration and high-concentration inorganic salt plugging agent solutions are injected in sequence according to the dosage ratio; the low concentration is 1%-3%, the medium concentration is 5%-8%, and the high concentration is 10%-15%; the low-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 10%-20% of the total amount of the plugging agent, the medium-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 30%-40% of the total amount of the plugging agent, and the high-concentration inorganic salt accounts for 40%-60% of the total amount of the plugging agent.

4. The construction process of the new anti-seepage mortar for backwater wall according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step C3, after the inorganic salt is completely dried, epoxy resin is injected into the pores on the surface of the mortar through the membrane channel; the injection pressure of the epoxy resin is 0.1-0.3 MPa.

Images