A microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, and discloses a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of earthworm manure, 30-40 parts of straw, 10-25 parts of biochar, 1-5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1-5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of Bacillus colloidus, 0.5-2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5-2.3 parts of Bacillus velez, 2.7-3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, 0.8-1.2 parts of Zoocollagen, and the biochar is bamboo charcoal. The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles can prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping obstacles, thereby effectively preventing and controlling the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, and can improve the soil nutrient structure and physical and chemical properties, maximize the utilization rate of land resources, maintain ecological balance, and thus protect the agricultural ecological environment from pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of microbial fertilizers, in particular to a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Microbial fertilizer is a new type of fertilizer biological product that uses the life activities of active microorganisms to enable crops to obtain the nutrients they need. After re-proliferation, the microorganisms contain a large number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, which can greatly increase the content of medium and trace elements in the soil and reduce the application amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other medium and trace elements. At the same time, it contains a variety of highly efficient and active beneficial microorganisms, which increase soil organic matter, accelerate the degradation of organic matter and convert it into nutrients that can be absorbed by crops, greatly improve soil fertility and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers.

[0003] At present, the need to expand the scale of planting mainly relies on the use of various fertilizers and pesticides. However, excessive and unreasonable use of fertilizers and pesticides has become a common phenomenon in agricultural production. However, excessive pesticides and fertilizers will kill a large number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, resulting in a serious imbalance in the soil microecological environment, which will lead to a gradual increase in the incidence of various bacterial, fungal and nematode diseases. Soil compaction hinders the rooting and germination of crops, reduces fertilizer utilization, causes growth disorders, and crop continuous cropping disorders. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping disorders and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping problems and a preparation method thereof, which has the advantages of preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping problems, and solves the problem that excessive pesticides and chemical fertilizers will kill a large number of beneficial bacteria in the soil, causing soil compaction, thereby hindering the rooting and germination of crops, reducing fertilizer utilization, causing growth disorders, and crop continuous cropping problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of earthworm feces, 30-40 parts of straw, 10-25 parts of biochar, 1-5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1-5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 0.5-2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5-2.3 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.7-3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 0.8-1.2 parts of Zoocolloids.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0009] The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping problems can prevent the occurrence of continuous cropping problems, thereby effectively preventing and controlling the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, and can improve the soil nutritional structure and physical and chemical properties, maximize the utilization rate of land resources, and maintain ecological balance, thereby protecting the agricultural ecological environment from pollution.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0011] Furthermore, it is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of earthworm manure, 30 parts of straw, 10 parts of biochar, 1 part of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 0.5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.7 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 0.8 parts of Zoocollagen.

[0012] Furthermore, it is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of earthworm manure, 35 parts of straw, 20 parts of biochar, 2.5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 1.3 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 1.3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1.3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.9 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.9 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1 part of Zoocollagen.

[0013] Furthermore, it is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of earthworm castings, 40 parts of straw, 25 parts of biochar, 5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.3 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1.2 parts of Zoocollagen.

[0014] Further, (1) potassium-solubilizing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria are mixed and cultured to obtain a mixed bacterial agent, and the mixed bacterial agent is divided into two parts;

[0015] (2) mixing earthworm excrement, straw and biochar to obtain a mixed material, adding purified water, the ratio of the mixed material to purified water being 1:1, adding the first portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a primary decomposition and fermentation, adding the second portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a secondary decomposition and fermentation, to obtain a biological organic fertilizer;

[0016] (3) adding Bacillus Velezii, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Zoogloea to the biological organic fertilizer obtained in step (2) and mixing them thoroughly to obtain the biological fertilizer;

[0017] (4) Drying the biological bacteria obtained in step (3) and preparing them into granules.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is:

[0019] Furthermore, the materials in step (2) are piled up for fermentation at a temperature of 55 to 70° C. for 5 to 7 days.

[0020] Furthermore, the materials in step (2) are piled up for secondary fermentation, the fermentation temperature is 30-35° C., the water content of the biological organic material is kept at 35%, and the fermentation time is 3-5 days.

[0021] Furthermore, the biochar is bamboo charcoal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the embodiment, a microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles and a preparation method thereof are provided. The present invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 to 90 parts of earthworm feces, 30 to 40 parts of straw, 10 to 25 parts of biochar, 1 to 5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1 to 5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5 to 2 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.5 to 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5 to 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 to 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5 to 2.3 parts of Bacillus velezensis, 2.7 to 3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of Zoocolloids, and the biochar is bamboo charcoal.

[0024] The preparation method of microbial fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) mixing and culturing potassium-solubilizing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria to obtain a mixed bacterial agent, and dividing the mixed bacterial agent into two parts;

[0026] (2) mixing earthworm excrement, straw and biochar to obtain a mixed material, adding purified water, the ratio of the mixed material to purified water being 1:1, adding the first portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a primary decomposition and fermentation, adding the second portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a secondary decomposition and fermentation, to obtain a biological organic fertilizer;

[0027] (3) adding Bacillus Velezii, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Zoogloea to the biological organic fertilizer obtained in step (2) and mixing them thoroughly to obtain a biological fertilizer;

[0028] (4) Drying the biological bacteria obtained in step (3) and preparing them into granules.

[0029] The materials in step (2) are piled up for primary fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 55-70° C. for 5-7 days.

[0030] The materials in step (2) are piled for secondary fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 30-35° C., the water content of the biological organic materials is kept at 35%, and the fermentation time is 3-5 days.

[0031] Three fields were selected as experimental fields, and the experimental fields were managed in the same way after sowing.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of earthworm castings, 30 parts of straw, 10 parts of biochar, 1 part of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 0.5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.7 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 0.8 parts of Zoocollagen.

[0034] Apply microbial fertilizer as base fertilizer to the soil before planting crops, with a dosage of 100 kg per mu. Then plant crops, apply fertilizer once during the first soil-building period and once during the second soil-building period (two months apart).

[0035] Example 2

[0036] The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of earthworm castings, 35 parts of straw, 20 parts of biochar, 2.5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 1.3 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 1.3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1.3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.9 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.9 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1 part of Zoocolloids.

[0037] Apply microbial fertilizer as base fertilizer to the soil before planting crops, with a dosage of 150 kg per mu, and then plant crops. Fertilize once during the first soil-building period and once during the second soil-building period (two months apart).

[0038] Example 3

[0039] The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of earthworm castings, 40 parts of straw, 25 parts of biochar, 5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.3 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1.2 parts of Zoocollagen.

[0040] Apply microbial fertilizer as base fertilizer to the soil before planting crops, with a dosage of 200 kg per mu. Then plant crops, apply fertilizer once during the first soil-building period and once during the second soil-building period (two months apart).

[0041] Compared with Example 2, when applying the microbial fertilizer of the present invention, Example 1 and Example 2 are used, chemical fertilizers are normally applied. When continuous cropping is carried out, the incidence of nematode disease is 95%, the incidence of nematode disease in Example 1 is reduced to 30%, and the incidence of nematode disease in Example 2 is reduced to 25%, and the incidence of Example 3 is reduced to 22%, which effectively increases the number of beneficial bacteria in the soil and reduces the number of soil fungi to a certain extent, thereby slowing down the transformation progress of the continuous cropping soil microbial flora from bacterial soil to fungal soil, and improving the health of the soil.

[0042] By adopting the above method, the present invention contains a large amount of nitrogen-fixing bacteria after re-growth, which can greatly increase the content of medium and trace elements in the soil, reduce the application amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other medium and trace elements, and can effectively increase the number of beneficial bacteria, increase soil organic matter, activate the soil, accelerate the degradation of organic matter and convert it into nutrients that can be absorbed by crops, promote rooting, greatly improve soil fertility, improve nutrient utilization, reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers, and overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0044] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of earthworm feces, 30-40 parts of straw, 10-25 parts of biochar, 1-5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1-5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 0.5-2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5-2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5-2.3 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.7-3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 0.8-1.2 parts of Zoocollagen.

2. The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of earthworm castings, 30 parts of straw, 10 parts of biochar, 1 part of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 1 part of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 0.5 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 0.5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.5 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 0.5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.7 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 0.8 parts of Zoocollagen.

3. The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 75 parts of earthworm castings, 35 parts of straw, 20 parts of biochar, 2.5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 2.5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 1.3 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 1.3 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 1.3 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 1.3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1.9 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 2.9 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1 part of Zoocollagen.

4. The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The product is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of earthworm castings, 40 parts of straw, 25 parts of biochar, 5 parts of potassium-solubilizing bacteria, 5 parts of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of gelatinous Bacillus, 2 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 2 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 2.3 parts of Bacillus Velezii, 3.1 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and 1.2 parts of Zoocollagen.

5. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) mixing and culturing potassium-solubilizing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria and lactic acid bacteria to obtain a mixed bacterial agent, and dividing the mixed bacterial agent into two parts; (2) mixing earthworm excrement, straw and biochar to obtain a mixed material, adding purified water, the ratio of the mixed material to purified water being 1:1, adding the first portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a primary decomposition and fermentation, adding the second portion of the mixed bacterial agent obtained in step (1), after a secondary decomposition and fermentation, to obtain a biological organic fertilizer; (3) adding Bacillus Velezii, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Zoogloea to the biological organic fertilizer obtained in step (2) and mixing them thoroughly to obtain the biological fertilizer; (4) drying the microbial fertilizer obtained in step (3) and preparing the granules.

6. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The materials in step (2) are piled up for fermentation at a temperature of 55 to 70° C. for 5 to 7 days.

7. The method for preparing the microbial fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The materials in step (2) are piled up for secondary fermentation at a fermentation temperature of 30-35° C., the water content of the biological organic materials is kept at 35%, and the fermentation time is 3-5 days.

8. The microbial fertilizer for preventing and controlling crop continuous cropping obstacles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biochar is bamboo charcoal.