Electrolyte and method for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire

Abstract

The present application relates to an electrolyte and method for rapid diameter reduction of metal wires, and relates to the technical field of metal wire diameter reduction; the electrolyte comprises 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0% to 5% polyhydroxy compounds, and 0% to 0.5% activator, and ferrous sulfate improves the conductivity of the solution and participates in the electrolysis reaction. The hydroxyl groups in the polyhydroxy compounds combine with water molecules to form stable hydrogen bonds, resulting in reduced H2O activity and inhibiting the anode oxygen evolution reaction. The activator promotes the diffusion rate of metal ions in the solution, preventing the anode Fe 2+ The concentration is too high; at the same time, the surface tension of the solution is reduced, and the oxygen released from the anode will form high-concentration oxygen bubbles in the solution and on the surface of the solution, increasing the solubility of oxygen molecules, further inhibiting the anode oxygen evolution reaction, promoting the oxidation of the anode iron, and increasing the anode dissolution rate. This application is applicable to nickel-based, nickel-iron-based, and iron-based alloy wires, and can achieve a wire diameter reduction rate of more than 12% within 10 seconds. It has a wide range of applications, does not add acid or alkali substances, is pollution-free, and meets the current green ecological development requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal wire diameter reduction, and in particular to an electrolyte and method for rapid metal wire diameter reduction. Background Art

[0002] Precision processing technology for metal filaments is widely used in the fields of microelectronic devices, precision instruments, etc. With the advancement of science and technology, the requirements for the dimensional accuracy of metal filaments are getting higher and higher. Traditional filament processing methods mainly include cold rolling, hot rolling, extrusion, drawing and electrochemical etching, among which drawing and electrochemical etching are more commonly used. In the metal wire processing industry, micro-filament drawing is a key technology, which not only determines the final dimensional accuracy of the product, but also directly affects the quality of subsequent processing. However, in the drawing process, especially when it is required to prepare micro-filaments with a diameter of less than 0.1 mm, how to effectively process the wire head to be thin enough to pass through the die hole smoothly becomes a challenge.

[0003] At present, the common processing methods for metal wire heads mainly include hot stretching, mechanical grinding, chemical etching, etc. Although these methods can achieve the diameter reduction of metal filaments to a certain extent, the methods of hot stretching and mechanical grinding still have certain limitations in processing accuracy and efficiency, especially when facing the demand for finer and more precise diameter reduction, they seem to be unable to meet the needs; chemical etching is to use specific chemicals to corrode metal filaments or metal wire heads to reduce their diameters. Although this method can effectively avoid mechanical damage, the electrolyte currently used is mostly acid solution, but when processing steel containing Al, Cr, etc., which are easy to form dense passivation films on the surface, it is easy to form surface passivation and form an insulating inhibition film to hinder the continued dissolution of the metal. In summary, the electrolyte and metal wire diameter reduction method recorded in the prior art cannot meet market demand.

[0004] The rapid dissolution of iron-based alloys is achieved by electrolysis. The conventional choices are acid solutions (such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, oxalic acid, etc.), strong oxidizing solutions (such as FeCl 3、 High-valent chromium ion solution) or heavy metal ion solution (such as copper sulfate) can react with iron at room temperature to undergo redox reaction. However, whether it is acid solution, strong oxidizing solution or heavy metal ion, it is easy to pollute the environment or cause harm to human body. Moreover, the reactants in these solutions will be consumed as the electrolytic reaction proceeds, causing the electrolytic solution to fail. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an electrolyte and a method for rapid diameter reduction of metal wires to solve the following technical problem: how to obtain an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, wherein the components of the electrolyte include, by mass fraction: 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0% to 5% polyhydroxy compound, and 0% to 0.5% active agent;

[0007] Wherein, the active agent refers to a substance having both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity;

[0008] The polyhydroxy compound meets the following requirements: having at least two hydroxyl groups, being able to form a hydrogen bond with water, and not affecting the solubility of ferrous sulfate in the electrolyte.

[0009] Optionally, the components of the electrolyte include, by mass fraction, 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0.1% to 5% glycerol and 0.05% to 0.5% active agent.

[0010] Optionally, the polyol is glycerol, and the glycerol molecule contains three hydroxyl groups (-OH), which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Although hydrogen bonds are a weak chemical bond, when the number is sufficient, glycerol can be tightly combined with water molecules, stabilize water molecules, inhibit the ionization of water molecules, and reduce the activity of water molecules. Moreover, ferrous sulfate can be dissolved in glycerol, and the solubility of ferrous sulfate can be guaranteed not to reduce the solubility of ferrous sulfate in the solution, and the crystallization water of ferrous sulfate can be inhibited from being precipitated.

[0011] Optionally, the active agent includes at least one of the following: anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and soapy water. These active agents have or reduce the surface tension of the solution, or have the effect of promoting Fe 2+ The role of dispersion in solution.

[0012] Optionally, the conductivity of the electrolyte is 5mS / cm to 100mS / cm. Too low conductivity may result in a slow reaction rate, while too high conductivity may cause the external anode wire to be heated by excessive current and melt prematurely near the liquid surface, and only a very short pointed tip can be formed instead of a longer reduced diameter wire head. If the reduced diameter area is too short, it is difficult to pull out the die hole during the drawing process, and the punching is unsuccessful.

[0013] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a reduced diameter metal wire head, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction as described in the first aspect;

[0015] The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire head.

[0016] Optionally, the electrolysis time is 1s to 10s.

[0017] Optionally, electrolyzing the electrolyte and the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced metal wire head specifically includes:

[0018] The electrolyte and the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter are used as the electrolyte and the anode of the electrolysis device respectively;

[0019] The electrolysis device is powered on, and the anode and the electrolyte undergo an electrochemical dissolution reaction to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire head.

[0020] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Obtaining a metal wire to be reduced in diameter having a metal wire head with reduced diameter;

[0022] Passing the reduced diameter metal wire head through the die hole, and drawing the reduced diameter metal wire to obtain the reduced diameter metal wire;

[0023] The reduced diameter metal wire head is prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction as described in the first aspect;

[0026] The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire.

[0027] Optionally, the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire, which specifically includes:

[0028] Connecting the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to the anode of the electrolysis device;

[0029] The electrolysis device is powered on, and the electrolyte undergoes an electrochemical dissolution reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter, thereby obtaining the reduced-diameter metal wire.

[0030] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0031] The embodiment of the present application provides an electrolyte and method for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire, wherein the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire comprises 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0% to 5% polyhydroxy compound and 0% to 0.5% active agent, wherein ferrous sulfate is the main component of the electrolyte, because ferrous sulfate is often produced as a by-product in industrial production, is cheap, is easy to decompose in the natural environment, and does not produce secondary pollution; ferrous sulfate is weakly acidic and weakly reducible, improves the conductivity of the solution, and also participates in the electrolytic reaction, the reagent is safe, and the reaction process is mild. Using ferrous sulfate alone as an electrolyte can achieve the dissolution of nickel or other metals more active than iron. During the reaction, ferrous ions are precipitated at the cathode and generated at the anode, and the concentration of ferrous ions in the solution is basically kept in a balanced state. Therefore, the electrolyte will not reduce the effective components as the electrolysis reaction proceeds, resulting in long-term use; and because of the weak reducibility of the electrolyte, it is not easy to form a passivation oxide film at the anode, and a long-term anode dissolution reaction can occur until the anode is completely dissolved; the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the polyhydroxy compound combines with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds, resulting in reduced H2O activity, increased electrolyte oxygen evolution potential, and suppressed anode oxygen evolution reaction, thereby promoting the dissolution of Fe and other metal ions at the anode, achieving the purpose of rapid diameter reduction of the metal wire. If the amount of activator and polyhydroxy compound is too much, it will affect the conductivity, and if the amount of activator added is too large, it is easy to produce a large amount of foam.

[0032] The electrolyte provided in this application can be applied to metal wires such as nickel-based, nickel-iron-based alloys and iron-based alloys. It has a wide range of applications, does not add corrosive acid or alkali substances, is environmentally friendly, and meets today's green ecological development requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a reduced-diameter wire head of a metal wire according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electrolysis device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a method for reducing the diameter of a metal wire according to some embodiments of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a method for reducing the diameter of a metal wire according to some embodiments of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0039] Figure 5 The metal wire to be reduced in diameter in some embodiments;

[0040] Figure 6 The reduced diameter metal wire head obtained in Example 6;

[0041] Figure 7 The reduced diameter metal wire head obtained in Example 7;

[0042] Figure 8 The reduced diameter metal wire obtained in Example 8 and Example 9;

[0043] Fig. 9 This is the reduced diameter metal wire obtained in Example 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the range description has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range; for example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which applies regardless of the range; in addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this document, it is meant to include any cited numbers (fractions or integers) within the indicated range.

[0046] In this document, the terms including "including" and "including" mean "including but not limited to". Relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone; where A and B can be singular or plural. "At least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more; "at least one", "at least one of the following" or similar expressions, refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items; for example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b, and c" can all mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e., a and b), ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. "Parts" such as parts by weight and parts by mass indicate the proportional relationship between the components. In the proportional relationship involved in this article, the parameters that need to be described by proportion should be understood as the first term of the proportional formula in the order of description, and the proportional numbers should be understood as the second term of the proportional formula. For example, if the mass ratio of substance A, substance B and substance C is 1:2:3, then substance A, substance B and substance C should correspond to the proportional numbers in the proportional formula in the order of description, that is, the mass of substance A: the mass of substance B: the mass of substance C = 1:2:3.

[0047] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this article can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0048] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, wherein the components of the electrolyte include, by mass fraction: 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0% to 5% polyhydroxy compound, and 0% to 0.5% active agent;

[0049] The polyhydroxy compound refers to a substance having at least two hydroxyl groups and being able to form a hydrogen bond with water; and the active agent refers to a substance having both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity.

[0050] In the above-mentioned embodiment, the electrolyte is an indispensable medium in the electrolysis process, and it is usually a solution composed of an electrolyte, a solvent and possible additives. The type and concentration of the electrolyte will directly affect the effect of electrolysis. In the present embodiment, the solvent can be water, and the electrolyte used is ferrous sulfate. The reason is that ferrous sulfate is often produced as a by-product in industrial production, is cheap, is easy to decompose in the natural environment, and does not produce secondary pollution; ferrous sulfate is weakly acidic and weakly reducible, improves the conductivity of the solution, and also participates in the electrolysis reaction, the reagent is safe, and the reaction process is gentle. Using ferrous sulfate alone as an electrolyte can achieve the dissolution of nickel or other metals more active than iron. Sulfate ions can reduce the open circuit potential of iron, so that the iron anode is in an activated state. However, the hydroxide ions formed by water hydrolysis will reduce the anode activity, and the hydroxide ions participate in the oxidation reaction to precipitate oxygen, competing with the anode dissolution oxidation reaction. The hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the polyhydroxy compounds combine with water molecules to form stable hydrogen bonds, resulting in reduced H2O activity, increased potentials of oxygen evolution at the anode and hydrogen evolution at the cathode, and suppressed oxygen evolution at the anode, thereby promoting the dissolution of Fe at the anode, that is, dissolving the metal wire, and achieving the purpose of rapid diameter reduction of the metal wire. During the reaction, ferrous ions only act as an intermediary for electron transfer and do not participate in the reaction. Therefore, the electrolyte will not reduce the effective components as the electrolysis reaction proceeds, resulting in long-term use; and because of the weak reducibility of the electrolyte, it is not easy to form a passivation oxide film at the anode, and a long-term anode dissolution reaction can occur until the anode is completely dissolved; no acid or alkali is used as an electrolyte, reducing the use of acid and alkali reagents and reducing environmental pollution.

[0051] Other additives include polyhydroxy compounds and activators. The hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the polyhydroxy compounds combine with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds, which leads to a decrease in the activity of H2O, an increase in the hydrogen evolution potential of the electrolyte, and an inhibition of the hydrogen evolution reaction at the negative electrode, thereby promoting the Fe 2+ The precipitation at the negative electrode and the dissolution of Fe at the anode, that is, the dissolution of the metal wire, achieve the purpose of rapid diameter reduction of the metal wire.

[0052] The reason for controlling the mass fraction of ferrous sulfate to be 20% to 25% is that the conductivity of ferrous sulfate within this concentration range is moderate, which is conducive to the electrolysis reaction. Exemplarily, the mass fraction of ferrous sulfate can be 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24% and 25%.

[0053] The reason for controlling the mass fraction of the polyhydroxy compound to 0% to 5% is that when the metal wire is a nickel-based or nickel-iron-based alloy, the metal wire activity is poor, and even if the activity of the solvent water is not reduced, it can promote the Fe 2+Therefore, whether to add polyhydroxy compounds has no significant effect on the treatment effect; when the metal wire is an iron-based compound, the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the polyhydroxy compound combines with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds, resulting in a decrease in the activity of H2O, an increase in the hydrogen evolution potential of the electrolyte, and the hydrogen evolution reaction at the negative electrode is inhibited, thereby promoting the Fe 2+ If the addition amount exceeds 5.0%, the conductivity of the electrolyte may be affected. Exemplarily, the mass fraction of the polyol may be 0, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5% and 5.0%.

[0054] For example, the reason for controlling the mass fraction of the active agent to be 0% to 0.5% is that when the metal wire is a nickel-based or nickel-iron-based alloy, the metal wire is more active than Fe, and the open circuit potential is lower than that of Fe. Even if the activity of the solvent water is not reduced, the Fe can be promoted. 2+ The anode metal dissolves while Fe is precipitated at the negative electrode, so whether or not to add an active agent has no significant effect on the treatment effect; when the metal wire is an iron-based compound, Fe is produced due to the oxidation of Fe at the anode. 2+ Aggregation increases the oxidation potential of Fe anode, and Fe 2+ The transfer efficiency in the electrolyte is increased, so it is necessary to add an active agent that is both hydrophilic and lipophilic. If the amount of active agent added is too large, a large amount of foam may appear. Exemplarily, the mass fraction of the active agent can be 0, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5%.

[0055] In summary, the three components included in the electrolyte provided in this embodiment interact with each other. The activator can adjust the transfer rate of ferrous ions in the electrolyte, that is, control the reaction rate, and cooperate with the polyhydroxy compound to reduce the activity of water, so that the negative electrode hydrogen evolution reaction is inhibited, thereby promoting Fe 2+ The precipitation at the negative electrode enables the electrolyte to be used in the metal wire diameter reduction method, which can quickly dissolve the metal wire to achieve the purpose of diameter reduction.

[0056] As an optional implementation manner, the components of the electrolyte include, by mass fraction, 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0.1% to 5% polyhydroxy compound and 0.05% to 0.5% active agent.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the mass fraction of the polyol is controlled to be 0.1% to 5%, and the mass fraction of the active agent is controlled to be 0.05% to 0.5% because the number of hydrogen bonds obtained by the polyol within this range and the water molecules is appropriate to ensure the reaction. The efficiency of the active agent in this range to transfer ions is good. Exemplarily, the mass fraction of the polyol can be 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5% and 5.0%, and the mass fraction of the active agent can be 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45% or 0.5%.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, the polyhydroxy compound is glycerol.

[0059] In the above embodiment, glycerol is used as the polyhydroxy compound. The reason is that glycerol is propylene glycol, and each glycerol molecule has three hydroxyl groups, which can combine with water molecules to form hydrogen bonds, resulting in reduced H2O activity and increased hydrogen evolution potential of the electrolyte, so that the hydrogen evolution reaction at the negative electrode is inhibited, thereby promoting the precipitation of metal ions in the electrolyte at the negative electrode and promoting the dissolution of the metal wire serving as the anode.

[0060] As an optional embodiment, the active agent includes at least one of the following: anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and soap water, because:

[0061] First, surfactants can reduce the surface tension of the solution and the solid-liquid interfacial tension, which makes it easier for metal ions to move in the electrolyte. By reducing these tensions, surfactants provide a more "smooth" environment for metal ions, allowing them to travel through the solution more efficiently.

[0062] Secondly, if ionic surfactants are adsorbed on certain solid particles, the surface potential of the particles can be increased, which can enhance the electrostatic repulsion between particles. This electrostatic repulsion helps prevent ions from aggregating or precipitating in the solution, thereby maintaining their dispersion in the solution and improving the transfer efficiency of ions.

[0063] In addition, the cations in the cationic surfactants can undergo ion exchange reactions with the anions in the solution (such as chloride ions and sulfate ions), causing the anions to be adsorbed into the molecules of the surfactant. This ion exchange not only enhances the solubility and stability of ions in the solution, but also promotes the transfer of metal ions in the solution.

[0064] In summary, surfactants significantly improve the efficiency of ion transfer in solution by reducing solution tension, increasing electrostatic repulsion between particles, and ion exchange.

[0065] As an optional implementation manner, the conductivity of the electrolyte is 5mS / cm to 100mS / cm.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the conductivity of the electrolyte is controlled to be 5mS / cm to 100mS / cm because the conductivity is affected by the electrolyte, that is, the concentration of the electrolyte in the electrolyte. If the electrolyte concentration is too high, the conductivity is too high, which may cause the metal wire to be reduced to continue to heat up when it is electrolyzed, resulting in rapid corrosion and melting at the cross section in contact with the electrolyte liquid. At the same time, if the metal ion concentration in the electrolyte is too high, it will also cause the metal ions to react quickly with the metal wire to be reduced, and the metal wire may also break. If the electrolyte concentration is too low, the conductivity is reduced, the conductivity efficiency is poor, and the electrolysis reaction is slow; at the same time, if the metal ion concentration in the electrolyte is too low, it will also cause the metal ions to react slowly with the metal wire to be reduced. Exemplarily, the conductivity of the electrolyte can be 5mS / cm, 6mS / cm, 7mS / cm, 8mS / cm, 9mS / cm or 10mS / cm.

[0067] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for quickly preparing a reduced diameter metal wire head, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction as described in the first aspect;

[0069] The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire head.

[0070] In the above embodiment, in order to prepare a reduced-diameter metal wire head, it is necessary to first obtain the specific electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of the metal wire in this application. Since the electrolyte adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0071] Then the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter. When the electrolytic reaction begins, the current begins to flow between the anode and the cathode through the electrolyte. The metal wire will be electrochemically dissolved under the action of the electrolyte. The reaction principle is as follows:

[0072] Anode reaction during electrolysis: Fe-2e -1 →Fe 2+ , M-ae -1 →M a+ and 4OH - -4e -1 →2H2O+O2↑.

[0073] Cathode reaction: Fe 2+ +2e-→Fe, M a+ +ae -1 →M and 2H + +2e -1 →H2↑.

[0074] The elements in the metal wire are oxidized from the surface of the metal wire through the above reaction principle to form Fe 2+ ions and other metal ions enter the electrolyte solution, and the Fe 2+ and Fe 2+ Metal ions with low reduction potential are reduced and precipitated at the cathode. In this process, the metal wire is gradually dissolved and thinned at the anode, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the diameter. As the electrolytic reaction proceeds, the diameter of the part of the metal wire immersed in the liquid surface will gradually decrease, forming a reduced diameter wire head.

[0075] As an optional embodiment, the electrolysis time is 1s to 10s. The reason is that the electrolysis reaction speed is fast. If the reaction time is too long, the metal wire head may be dissolved. The electrolysis reaction can be controlled according to the diameter of the metal wire head. Exemplarily, the electrolysis time can be 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s or 10s.

[0076] As an optional implementation, the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced metal wire head, which specifically includes:

[0077] The electrolyte and the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter are used as the electrolyte and the anode of the electrolysis device respectively;

[0078] The electrolysis device is powered on, and the anode and the electrolyte undergo an electrochemical dissolution reaction to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire head.

[0079] The metal wire to be reduced in diameter is used as an anode to obtain an electrolysis device; in this step, the anode is the place where the oxidation reaction occurs during the electrolysis process, and the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is used as the anode of the electrolysis device, which means that the metal wire will dissolve during the electrolysis process. In addition, the electrolysis device also includes a cathode and a power supply, which together constitute a complete electrolysis system. The cathode and the power supply are not specifically limited in this application. As long as the cathode and the power supply can realize the electrolysis process, they belong to the protection scope of this application.

[0080] When the electrolysis device is powered on, current begins to flow between the anode (the metal wire to be reduced in diameter) and the cathode. At the anode, the metal wire will undergo electrochemical dissolution, that is, metal ions enter the electrolyte solution from the surface of the metal wire and undergo a replacement reaction with the metal ions in the electrolyte. This process causes the metal wire to gradually become thinner, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the diameter. As the electrolysis reaction proceeds, a reduced-diameter wire head will gradually form at one end of the metal wire. And the thickness of the reduced-diameter wire head can be controlled by controlling the on and off of the current.

[0081] The specific effect of this process is affected by many factors, including the type and concentration of the electrolyte, the magnitude of the current, the electrolysis time, and the material and initial diameter of the metal wire. In practical applications, it is necessary to select appropriate electrolysis parameters and operating conditions based on specific needs and conditions.

[0082] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0083] Obtaining a metal wire to be reduced in diameter having a metal wire head with reduced diameter;

[0084] Passing the reduced diameter metal wire head through the die hole, and drawing the reduced diameter metal wire to obtain the reduced diameter metal wire;

[0085] The reduced diameter metal wire head is prepared by the preparation method described in the second aspect.

[0086] In the above embodiment, firstly, a metal wire to be reduced in diameter is required, which usually has a certain diameter, and its material and performance must meet the requirements of the drawing process. Before drawing, the metal wire may need to be pre-treated, such as cleaning, removing surface impurities, etc., to ensure the smooth progress of the drawing process.

[0087] In order to ensure smooth drawing, it is also necessary to ensure that the metal wire to be reduced has a reduced metal wire head, the diameter of which is usually smaller than the diameter of the original metal wire, so that it can pass through the subsequent die hole smoothly. The reduced metal wire head used in this embodiment is prepared by the preparation method of the reduced metal wire head in the second aspect, which is simple and easy to operate.

[0088] After the reduced wire head is formed, the metal to be reduced can be reduced by drawing. In practice, the wire head is drawn directly through the die hole. The die hole is a hole of a specific shape and size, which is usually used to shape and reduce the wire.

[0089] During the drawing process, the wire is squeezed and rubbed by the inner wall of the die hole, gradually reducing its diameter. At the same time, the length of the wire will increase accordingly to meet the specific size requirements.

[0090] The drawing process may require multiple passes, each time through a smaller die hole, until the desired diameter reduction is achieved.

[0091] After the drawing process, the diameter of the wire will be significantly reduced, thus obtaining the desired reduced diameter wire.

[0092] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0093] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction as described in the first aspect;

[0094] The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire.

[0095] In the above embodiment, in order to prepare reduced-diameter metal wire, it is necessary to first obtain the specific electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire in this application. Since the electrolyte adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be described one by one here.

[0096] Then the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter. When the electrolytic reaction begins, the current begins to flow between the anode and the cathode through the electrolyte. The metal wire will be electrochemically dissolved under the action of the electrolyte. The reaction principle is as follows:

[0097] Anode reaction during electrolysis: Fe-2e -1 →Fe 2+ , M-ae -1 →M a+ and 4OH - -4e -1 →2H2O+O2↑.

[0098] Cathode reaction: Fe 2+ +2e-→Fe, M a+ +ae -1 →M and 2H + +2e -1 →H2↑.

[0099] The elements in the metal wire are oxidized from the surface of the metal wire through the above reaction principle to form Fe 2+ ions and other metal ions enter the electrolyte solution, and the Fe 2+ and Fe 2+ Metal ions with low reduction potential are reduced and precipitated at the cathode. In this process, the metal wire is gradually dissolved and thinned at the anode, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the diameter. As the electrolytic reaction proceeds, the diameter of the part of the metal wire immersed in the liquid surface will gradually decrease, forming a reduced diameter wire head.

[0100] As an optional embodiment, the electrolysis time is 1s to 10s. The reason is that the electrolysis reaction speed is fast. If the reaction time is too long, the metal wire may be dissolved. The electrolysis reaction can be controlled according to the diameter of the metal wire. Exemplarily, the electrolysis time can be 1s, 2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s or 10s.

[0101] As an optional implementation, the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire, which specifically includes:

[0102] Connecting the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to the anode of the electrolysis device;

[0103] The electrolysis device is powered on, and the electrolyte undergoes an electrochemical dissolution reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter, thereby obtaining the reduced-diameter metal wire.

[0104] In the above embodiment, the metal wire to be reduced is connected to the anode of the electrolysis device to obtain the electrolysis device; in this step, the anode is the place where the oxidation reaction occurs during the electrolysis process, and the metal wire to be reduced is connected to the anode, which means that the metal wire will dissolve during the electrolysis process. In addition, the electrolysis device also includes a cathode and a power supply, which together constitute a complete electrolysis system. The cathode and the power supply are not specifically limited in this application. As long as the cathode and the power supply can realize the electrolysis process, they belong to the protection scope of this application.

[0105] When the electrolysis device is powered on, current begins to flow between the anode (the metal wire to be reduced) and the cathode. At the anode, the metal wire will undergo electrochemical dissolution, that is, metal ions enter the electrolyte solution from the surface of the metal wire and undergo a replacement reaction with the metal ions in the electrolyte. This process causes the entire metal wire to gradually become thinner, thereby achieving a diameter reduction effect. Moreover, the thickness of the reduced wire head can be controlled by controlling the on and off of the current.

[0106] The specific effect of this process is affected by many factors, including the type and concentration of electrolyte in the electrolyte, the current, the electrolysis time, the material and initial diameter of the metal wire, etc. In practical applications, it is necessary to select appropriate electrolysis parameters and operating conditions according to specific needs and conditions.

[0107] As an optional implementation, the electrolysis devices described in the implementation of the present application all use a direct current power supply.

[0108] In the above-mentioned embodiment, a DC power supply is used to provide a stable current with a constant direction, which passes through the electrolyte solution and causes a redox reaction at the positive and negative electrodes.

[0109] As an optional implementation, the output voltage range of the DC power supply is 3V to 24V.

[0110] In the above embodiment, the output voltage range of the DC power supply is controlled to be 3V to 24V because the current is controlled to control the reaction rate and avoid directly fusing the metal wire. Exemplarily, the output voltage of the DC power supply can be 3V, 4V, 5V, 6V, 7V, 8V, 9V, 10V, 11V, 12V, 13V, 14V, 15V, 16V, 17V, 18V, 19V, 20V, 21V, 22V, 23V or 24V.

[0111] The present application is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are usually measured in accordance with national standards / industry standards; if there are no corresponding national standards / industry standards, they are measured in accordance with common international standards, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0112] Example 1

[0113] The present embodiment provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wires, which comprises, by mass ratio, 20% ferrous sulfate, 5% glycerol and 0.2% sodium dodecyl sulfate, with the remainder being water.

[0114] Example 2

[0115] This embodiment provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire, which comprises 25% ferrous sulfate, 1% glycerol and 0.5% polysorbate, and the balance is water.

[0116] Example 3

[0117] This embodiment provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire, which comprises 25% ferrous sulfate and the remainder water, calculated by mass ratio.

[0118] Example 4

[0119] This embodiment provides an electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire, which comprises 24% ferrous sulfate and 3% glycerol by mass ratio, and the balance is water.

[0120] Example 5

[0121] This embodiment provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0122] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire and the metal wire to be reduced in diameter provided in Example 1;

[0123] Connecting the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to the anode of the electrolysis device and immersing it in the electrolyte, wherein the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is a nickel-based alloy wire, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 20 mS / cm;

[0124] The electrolysis device is powered by a DC power supply with a voltage of 5V. The metal wire to be reduced undergoes an electrolytic reaction with the electrolyte. The electrolytic reaction time is 5s, thereby achieving rapid diameter reduction.

[0125] Example 6

[0126] This embodiment provides a method for quickly preparing a reduced diameter metal wire head, comprising the following steps:

[0127] The electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction and the wire head to be reduced in diameter provided in Example 2 are obtained, wherein the wire head to be reduced in diameter is as follows: Figure 5 As shown;

[0128] The metal wire head to be reduced in diameter is used as the anode of the electrolysis device and immersed in the electrolyte, wherein the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter is an iron-based alloy metal wire, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 40 mS / cm;

[0129] The electrolysis device is powered by a DC power supply with a voltage of 10V. The reduced diameter metal wire head reacts with the electrolyte to achieve rapid diameter reduction. The reduced diameter metal wire head is as follows: Figure 6 As shown. Figure 5 and Figure 6 , it can be seen that the metal wire after electrolysis has an obvious reduced diameter wire head.

[0130] Example 7

[0131] This embodiment provides a method for quickly preparing a reduced diameter metal wire head, comprising the following steps:

[0132] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire and the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter provided in Example 4;

[0133] The head of the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is used as the anode of the electrolysis device and immersed in the electrolyte. The metal wire to be reduced in diameter is a nickel-based alloy wire, wherein the diameter of the head of the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is Figure 5 The diameters of the metal wires are the same, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 40 mS / cm;

[0134] The electrolysis device is powered by a DC power supply with a voltage of 10V. The reduced diameter metal wire head reacts with the electrolyte to achieve rapid diameter reduction. The reduced diameter metal wire head is as follows: Figure 7 shown.

[0135] Example 8

[0136] This embodiment provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0137] Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire and the metal wire to be reduced in diameter provided in Example 4;

[0138] Connecting the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to the anode of the electrolysis device and immersing the metal wire in the electrolyte, wherein the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is an iron-based alloy metal wire, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 30 mS / cm;

[0139] The electrolysis device is powered by a DC power supply with a voltage of 20V, and the reduced-diameter metal wire reacts with the electrolyte to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire, such as Figure 8 As shown above.

[0140] Example 9

[0141] This embodiment provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0142] The electrolyte of Example 3 was prepared as follows: 25% of ferrous sulfate and the balance of water were calculated by mass ratio.

[0143] The metal wire to be reduced in diameter is used as the anode of the electrolysis device, and the head of the metal wire is immersed in the electrolyte, wherein the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is an iron-based alloy metal wire, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 30 mS / cm;

[0144] A DC power supply is used to power the electrolysis device at a voltage of 20V, and the reduced-diameter metal wire reacts with the electrolyte to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire head, such as Figure 8 As shown below.

[0145] from Figure 8 It can be seen that the diameter of the iron-based alloy wire to be reduced in this embodiment has no obvious change ( Figure 8 ), while the wire diameter of the metal wire in Example 8 is significantly reduced ( Figure 8 superior).

[0146] Example 10

[0147] This embodiment provides a method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps:

[0148] The electrolyte of Example 3 was prepared as follows: 25% of ferrous sulfate and the balance of water were calculated by mass ratio.

[0149] The metal wire to be reduced in diameter is used as the anode of the electrolysis device, and the head of the metal wire is immersed in the electrolyte, the metal wire to be reduced in diameter is a nickel-based alloy metal wire, and the conductivity of the electrolyte is 30 mS / cm;

[0150] A DC power supply is used to power the electrolysis device at a voltage of 20V, and the reduced-diameter metal wire reacts with the electrolyte to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire head, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0151] from Figure 8 and Fig. 9By comparison, it can be seen that the wire diameter of the nickel-based alloy wire to be reduced in this embodiment is significantly reduced, while the wire diameter of the metal wire in Example 8 is significantly reduced ( Figure 8 In Example 9, the wire diameter of the metal wire has no significant change ( Figure 8 Down).

[0152] The electrolyte provided in the present application for rapid diameter reduction of metal wires can be applied to the rapid diameter reduction requirements of nickel-based alloys, iron-based alloys and nickel-iron-based alloy metal wires, wherein for nickel-based alloys and nickel-iron-based alloy metal wires, the diameter reduction requirement can be achieved by using an electrolyte containing only ferrous sulfate. For iron-based alloy metal wires, it is necessary to add an activator and a polyhydroxy compound to achieve the diameter reduction requirement. At the same time, the electrolyte provided in the present application can not only directly reduce the diameter of the metal wire as a whole, but can also be used to prepare a reduced diameter metal wire head to achieve the subsequent diameter reduction process of the drawing process. The entire diameter reduction process is safe and operable, and the diameter reduction process can be stopped at any time according to actual needs to obtain a metal wire with a target diameter value.

[0153] In summary, the present application relates to an electrolyte and method for rapid diameter reduction of metal wires, wherein ferrous sulfate serves as the main metal ion in the electrolyte, improves the conductivity of the solution, and also participates in the electrolysis reaction. Sulfate ions can reduce the open circuit potential of iron, making the iron anode in an activated state. However, the hydroxide ions formed by the hydrolysis of water will reduce the activity of the anode. The hydroxide ions participate in the oxidation reaction to precipitate oxygen, competing with the anode dissolution oxidation reaction. The hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the polyhydroxy compounds combine with water molecules to form stable hydrogen bonds, resulting in a decrease in the activity of H2O, an increase in the potential for oxygen evolution at the anode and hydrogen evolution at the cathode of the electrolyte, and an inhibition of the oxygen evolution reaction at the anode, thereby promoting the dissolution of Fe at the anode, that is, dissolving the metal wire, and achieving the purpose of rapid diameter reduction of the metal wire. The addition of an activator can promote the diffusion rate of metal ions in the solution, allowing the Fe formed after the dissolution of Fe to 2+ Rapid transfer to the cathode prevents the anode Fe 2+ Too high a concentration will inhibit the oxidation of Fe. At the same time, due to the surface tension of the solution reduced by the addition of the activator, the oxygen precipitated from the anode will form high-concentration oxygen bubbles in the solution and on the surface of the solution, increasing the solubility of oxygen molecules in the solution, further inhibiting the anode oxygen evolution reaction, promoting the oxidation of the anode iron, and increasing the anode dissolution rate. The electrolyte provided in this application can be applied to nickel-based, nickel-iron-based alloy, and iron-based alloy metal wires, and can achieve a wire diameter reduction rate of more than 12% within 10 seconds. It has a wide range of applications, does not add corrosive acid and alkali substances, is pollution-free to the environment, and meets the current green ecological development requirements.

[0154] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments are possible, and the general principles defined in the present application can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown in the present application, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for by the present application.

Claims

1. An electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction, wherein the components of the electrolyte include, by mass fraction: Ferrous sulfate 20% to 25%, polyhydroxy compound 0% to 5% and active agent 0% to 0.5%; Wherein, the active agent refers to a substance having both lipophilicity and hydrophilicity; The polyhydroxy compound meets the following requirements: having at least two hydroxyl groups, being able to form a hydrogen bond with water, and not affecting the solubility of ferrous sulfate in the electrolyte.

2. The electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire according to claim 1, wherein the components of the electrolyte include 20% to 25% ferrous sulfate, 0.1% to 5% glycerol and 0.05% to 0.5% activator, by mass fraction.

3. The electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polyhydroxy compound is glycerol.

4. The electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the activating agent comprises at least one of the following: anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant, nonionic surfactant and soap water. 5 . The electrolyte for rapid wire diameter reduction according to claim 1 , wherein the conductivity of the electrolyte is 5 mS / cm to 100 mS / cm.

6. A method for quickly preparing a reduced diameter metal wire head, comprising the following steps: Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire head; and / or The electrolysis reaction time is 1s to 10s.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced metal wire head, specifically comprising: The electrolyte and the metal wire head to be reduced in diameter are used as the electrolyte and the anode of the electrolysis device respectively; The electrolysis device is powered on, and the anode and the electrolyte undergo an electrochemical dissolution reaction to obtain a reduced-diameter metal wire head.

8. A method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps: Obtaining a metal wire to be reduced in diameter having a metal wire head with reduced diameter; Passing the reduced diameter metal wire head through the die hole, and drawing the reduced diameter metal wire to obtain the reduced diameter metal wire; The reduced diameter metal wire head is prepared by the preparation method described in claim 6 or 7.

9. A method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire, comprising the following steps: Obtaining the electrolyte for rapid diameter reduction of metal wire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; The electrolyte is subjected to electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire; and / or The electrolysis reaction time is 1s to 10s.

10. The method for rapid diameter reduction of a metal wire according to claim 9, wherein the electrolyte is subjected to an electrolytic reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to obtain the reduced-diameter metal wire, specifically comprising: Connecting the metal wire to be reduced in diameter to the anode of the electrolysis device; The electrolysis device is powered on, and the electrolyte undergoes an electrochemical dissolution reaction with the metal wire to be reduced in diameter, thereby obtaining the reduced-diameter metal wire.

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