Steel-wood beams and composite steel-wood beams

Abstract

The present invention discloses a steel-wood beam and a combined steel-wood beam, and relates to the technical field of building structures. The steel-wood beam comprises: a wood beam and a prestressed component, the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two parts of the tension side of the wood beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the wood beam through each fixed connection part so that the wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compression side. The combined steel-wood beam comprises: a prestressed component and a plurality of wood beams, the plurality of wood beams are coaxially arranged and connected end to end in sequence to form a combined wood beam together, the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two parts of the tension side of the combined wood beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the combined wood beam through each fixed connection part so that the combined wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compression side. The steel-wood beam and the combined steel-wood beam disclosed by the present invention can make full use of the compressive strength of wood, have stronger bending resistance, and are more convenient to transport and install.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, in particular to a steel-wood beam and a combined steel-wood beam. Background Art

[0002] In recent decades, modern wooden building structures have gradually developed, and the demand for large-span wooden structures and high-rise wooden structures has also increased. Wooden structures usually use engineered wood with stable materials and excellent performance as structural components, such as laminated glulam beams, orthogonal glulam boards, etc. For most wooden beams, their bending failure forms are mostly tensile brittle failures on the tensile side, and the utilization rate of the compressive strength of wood is seriously insufficient. On the other hand, if the bending resistance of wooden beams needs to be improved, the cross-sectional size of the wooden beams needs to be increased, and large-section glulam beams are difficult to handle during transportation and installation, and the cost is high. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a steel-wood beam and a combined steel-wood beam that can fully utilize the compressive strength of wood, has stronger bending resistance, and is more convenient to transport and install. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steel-wood beam and a combined steel-wood beam to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can fully utilize the compressive strength of wood, have stronger bending resistance and are more convenient to transport and install.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present invention provides a steel-wood beam, comprising: a wood beam and a prestressed component, wherein the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two positions on the tension side of the wood beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the wood beam through each fixedly connected position and to make the wood beam have a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

[0006] Preferably, the prestressed assembly comprises a prestressed rod, a plurality of pretensioning members and a plurality of shear keys, each of the shear keys being fixedly arranged in sequence on the tension side of the wooden beam along the length direction of the wooden beam, each of the shear keys being provided with an installation channel parallel to the length direction of the wooden beam, the prestressed rod being passed through all of the installation channels, the two ends of the prestressed rod being a first end and a second end respectively, the shear key close to the first end being a first shear key, and the shear keys close to the second end being a second shear key, the side surface of the first shear key close to the first end being a first stress-bearing surface, and the side surface of the second shear key close to the second end being a second stress-bearing surface, each of the pretensioning members being fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod, each of the pretensioning members close to the first end being against the first stress-bearing surface, and each of the pretensioning members close to the second end being against the second stress-bearing surface; the prestressed rod is a threaded rod, each of the pretensioning members being a nut, and each of the pretensioning members being threadedly connected to the prestressed rod.

[0007] Preferably, the shear key includes a base plate, an embedded portion and a fastening portion, the fastening portion includes a first fastening portion and a second fastening portion, the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are both fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing away from the wooden beam, the mounting channel is arranged on the two fastening portions and passes through both ends of each of the fastening portions, the side of the fastening portion on the first shear key close to the first end forms the first force-bearing surface, the side of the fastening portion on the second shear key close to the second end forms the second force-bearing surface, the embedded portion is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing the wooden beam, the position of the embedded portion corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion, the tensile side of the wooden beam is provided with an embedded groove, and the embedded portion is embedded in the embedded groove.

[0008] Preferably, the shear key and the wooden beam are connected by screws, and a first nail hole and a second nail hole are provided on the bottom plate, wherein the extension direction of the first nail hole is perpendicular to the tension side of the wooden beam, and the axis of the second nail hole has an angle of 30°-60° with the axis of the first nail hole, and the screw can extend into the first nail hole and the second nail hole respectively and be nailed into the wooden beam.

[0009] The present invention also provides a combined steel-wood beam, comprising: a prestressed component and a plurality of wood beams, wherein the plurality of wood beams are coaxially arranged and connected end to end in sequence to form a combined wood beam, wherein the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two locations on the tension side of the combined wood beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the combined wood beam through each fixedly connected location so that the combined wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

[0010] Preferably, the prestressed assembly comprises a prestressed rod, a plurality of pretensioning members and a plurality of shear keys, each of the shear keys being fixedly arranged in sequence on the tension side of the composite wood beam along the length direction of the composite wood beam, each of the shear keys being provided with an installation channel parallel to the length direction of the composite wood beam, the prestressed rod being passed through all of the installation channels, the two ends of the prestressed rod being respectively a first end and a second end, the shear key close to the first end being a first shear key, and the shear keys close to the second end being second shear keys, the side surface of the first shear key close to the first end being a first stress-bearing surface, and the side surface of the second shear key close to the second end being a second stress-bearing surface, each of the pretensioning members being fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod, each of the pretensioning members close to the first end being against the first stress-bearing surface, and each of the pretensioning members close to the second end being against the second stress-bearing surface; the prestressed rod is a threaded rod, each of the pretensioning members being a nut, and each of the pretensioning members being threadedly connected to the prestressed rod.

[0011] Preferably, the shear key includes a base plate, an embedded portion and a fastening portion, the fastening portion includes a first fastening portion and a second fastening portion, the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are both fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing away from the composite wooden beam, the mounting channel is arranged on the two fastening portions and passes through both ends of each of the fastening portions, the side of the fastening portion on the first shear key close to the first end forms the first force-bearing surface, the side of the fastening portion on the second shear key close to the second end forms the second force-bearing surface, the embedded portion is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing the composite wooden beam, the position of the embedded portion corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion, the tensile side of the composite wooden beam is provided with an embedded groove, and the embedded portion is embedded in the embedded groove.

[0012] Preferably, the shear key and the composite wooden beam are connected by screws, and a first nail hole and a second nail hole are provided on the bottom plate, the extension direction of the first nail hole is perpendicular to the tension side of the composite wooden beam, and the axis of the second nail hole has an angle of 30°-60° with the axis of the first nail hole, and the screw can extend into the first nail hole and the second nail hole respectively and be nailed into the composite wooden beam.

[0013] Preferably, it further comprises a pressure-bearing member, which is fixedly arranged between the end faces of two adjacent wooden beams, and has two pressure-bearing planes arranged back to back, and the two end faces of the wooden beams are respectively pressed on the two pressure-bearing planes.

[0014] Preferably, it further comprises a plug plate, the pressure bearing member is plate-shaped, a notch perpendicular to the web of the pressure bearing member is provided on the pressure bearing member, the plug plate is inserted into the notch, and the fixing pin passes through the combined wooden beam and the plug plate to fix the plug plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0016] The steel-wood beam provided by the present invention applies force to the wood beam through a prestressed component, so that the wood beam forms a reverse arch on the compression side, that is, the wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compression side. When the compression side of the wood beam is compressed and the wood beam is bent, it is necessary to first offset the reverse arch of the wood beam instead of directly subjecting the tension side of the wood beam to tension. At this time, the compressive strength of the wood beam can be well utilized and the bending resistance of the wood beam can be improved. Moreover, since the prestressed component is used to improve the bending resistance of the wood beam, there is no need to use a wood beam with a large cross-section size, making transportation and installation more convenient.

[0017] The present invention also provides a composite steel-wood beam. Due to the limitation of the length of equipment or transport vehicles, the composite wood beam needs to be divided into multiple sections for processing or transportation. During construction, the multiple sections need to be spliced ​​to the designed length. The bending resistance at the splicing nodes in traditional spliced ​​wood beams is relatively weak. The composite steel-wood beam provided by the present invention applies force to the tensile side of the composite wood beam through a prestressed component, so that the composite wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compressive side, thereby making good use of the compressive strength of the composite wood beam, improving the bending resistance of the splicing nodes of the composite wood beam, and there is no need to increase the cross-sectional size, so that transportation and installation are more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the steel-wood beam provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the composite steel-wood beam provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 Three-dimensional structural diagram of the middle shear key;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 or Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of the position near one end of the wooden beam;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 2 Three-dimensional structure diagram of the middle insert and pressure-bearing parts

[0024] Figure 6 A line graph showing stress and strain of an ordinary glued wood beam, a steel-wood beam provided by the present invention, and a combined steel-wood beam provided by the present invention as a function of applied external load when the beam is bent;

[0025] In the figure: 1-wooden beam, 11-embedded groove, 2-prestressed rod, 21-first end, 22-second end, 3-pretightening member, 4-shear key, 41-bottom plate, 42-first shear key, 421-first force-bearing surface, 43-second shear key, 431-second force-bearing surface, 44-fastening part, 441-installation channel, 442-first fastening part, 443-second fastening part, 45-embedded part, 46-first nail hole, 47-second nail hole, 5-pressure bearing member, 6-screw, 7-plug plate, 8-fixing pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a steel-wood beam and a combined steel-wood beam to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can fully utilize the compressive strength of wood, have stronger bending resistance and are more convenient to transport and install.

[0028] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] The present invention provides a steel-wood beam, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3-4 As shown, it includes: a wooden beam 1 and a prestressed component, the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two positions on the tension side of the wooden beam 1, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the wooden beam 1 through each fixed connection position and make the wooden beam 1 have a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

[0031] The steel-wood beam provided by the present invention applies force to the wood beam 1 through a prestressed component, so that the wood beam 1 forms a reverse arch on the compression side, that is, the wood beam 1 has a tendency to bend toward the compression side. When the compression side of the wood beam 1 is compressed and the wood beam 1 is bent, it is necessary to first offset the reverse arch of the wood beam 1 instead of directly tensioning the tension side of the wood beam 1. At this time, the compressive strength of the wood beam 1 can be well utilized and the bending resistance of the wood beam 1 can be improved. Moreover, since the prestressed component is used to improve the bending resistance of the wood beam 1, there is no need to use a wood beam 1 with a large cross-sectional size, making the transportation and installation of the beam more convenient.

[0032] In a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the prestressed assembly includes a prestressed rod 2, a plurality of pretensioning members 3 and a plurality of shear keys 4, each of which is fixedly arranged on the tension side of the wood beam 1 in sequence along the length direction of the wood beam 1, and the shear keys 4 are provided with mounting channels 441 parallel to the length direction of the wood beam 1, the prestressed rod 2 is passed through all the mounting channels 441, the two ends of the prestressed rod 2 are respectively a first end 21 and a second end 22, each shear key 4 close to the first end 21 is a first shear key 42, and each shear key 4 close to the second end 22 is a first shear key 42. The key 4 is a second shear key 43, the side of the first shear key 42 close to the first end 21 is the first force surface 421, and the side of the second shear key 43 close to the second end 22 is the second force surface 431. Each pre-tightening member 3 is fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod 2, and each pre-tightening member 3 close to the first end 21 is against the first force surface 421, and each pre-tightening member 3 close to the second end 22 is against the second force surface 431; the prestressed rod 2 is a threaded rod, and each pre-tightening member 3 is a nut, and each pre-tightening member 3 is threadedly connected to the prestressed rod 2. The use of nuts can improve the convenience of the staff when anchoring. The pre-tightening member 3 is fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod 2, and is respectively against the first force surface 421 and the second force surface 431, so as to transmit the force to the shear key 4, and the shear key 4 transmits the force to the wooden beam 1, so that the tension side of the wooden beam 1 is stressed, and the wooden beam 1 has a tendency to bend toward the compression side. Moreover, the prestressed rod 2 is in a tensile state and can participate in the force during the bending process of the wood beam 1, thereby increasing the area of ​​the compression zone of the wood beam 1 and improving the bearing capacity of the wood beam 1. The prestressed rod 2 is a steel round rod, and the magnitude of the tensile force applied to the prestressed rod 2 can be 0.3-0.5 times the yield stress of the steel round rod; a reinforcement piece can also be arranged between the first shear key 42 and the second shear key 43, and a channel for the prestressed rod 2 to pass through is arranged on the reinforcement piece, and the reinforcement piece is preferably fixedly connected to the tensile side of the wood beam 1 by self-tapping screws.

[0033] It should be noted that the size of the prestressed rod 2 can be set as needed. The larger the cross-sectional size of the prestressed rod 2, the greater the axial force it can withstand. The number of the first shear keys 42 and the second shear keys 43 can be set as needed. For example, two first shear keys 42 and two second shear keys 43 can be set, and each first force-bearing surface 421 and the second force-bearing surface 431 are supported by a preload 3.

[0034] To facilitate the application of prestress, in a preferred implementation manner of this embodiment, the shear key 4 includes a base plate 41, an embedded portion 45 and a fastening portion 44, the fastening portion 44 includes a first fastening portion 442 and a second fastening portion 443, the first fastening portion 442 and the second fastening portion 443 are both fixedly connected to the side of the base plate 41 facing away from the wooden beam 1, the mounting channel 441 is arranged on the two fastening portions 44 and passes through both ends of each fastening portion 44, the fastening portion 44 on the first shear key 42 forms a first force-bearing surface 421 on the side close to the first end 21, the fastening portion 44 on the second shear key 43 forms a second force-bearing surface 431 on the side close to the second end 22, the embedded portion 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate 41 facing the wooden beam 1, the position of the embedded portion 45 corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion 442, the tensile side of the wooden beam 1 is provided with an embedded groove 11, and the embedded portion 45 is embedded in the embedded groove 11. When manufacturing a steel-wood beam, firstly, the embedding portion 45 is embedded in the embedding groove 11 and the shear key 4 is fixed on the wood beam 1. Then, the tensioning device is used to apply a tensioning force on the first force-bearing surface (or the second force-bearing surface) of the second fastening portion 443. After tensioning to the design requirements, the pre-tightening member 3 is fixedly set at the first fastening portion 442 to assist in anchoring. Then, the tensioning device is removed, and the pre-tightening member 3 is set at the second fastening portion 443 for fixing. At this time, each pre-tightening member 3 is fixed on the prestressed rod and abuts against the first force-bearing surface 421 and the second force-bearing surface 431, and the wood beam 1 is prestressed. Among them, the depth of the embedding groove 11 is 1 / 5-1 / 4 of the height of the wood beam 1, and its width is not less than the width of the wood beam 1; at the same time, in order to prevent the notch of the embedding groove 11 from being partially damaged by shearing, the distance between the embedding groove 11 and the end of the wood beam 1 and the spacing between two adjacent embedding grooves 11 are not less than 350mm.

[0035] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the shear key 4 and the wood beam 1 are connected by screws 6, and a first nail hole 46 and a second nail hole 47 are provided on the bottom plate 41. The extension direction of the first nail hole 46 is perpendicular to the tension side of the wood beam 1, and the axis of the second nail hole 47 and the axis of the first nail hole 46 have an angle of 30°-60°, and the screw 6 can be respectively inserted into the first nail hole 46 and the second nail hole 47 and nailed into the wood beam 1. The screw 6 in the first nail hole 46 is perpendicular to the tension side of the wood beam 1, and can play a role in suppressing the cross-grain splitting of the glued wood while bearing the shear force; the screw 6 in the second nail hole 47 has an angle with the screw 6 in the first nail hole 46, which makes the screw 6 in the second nail hole have a stronger pull-out resistance to bear the lateral load. The second nail hole 47 on the first anti-shear key 42 is arranged close to the first end 21 of the first anti-shear key 42, and the first nail hole 46 gradually moves away from the first end 21 from one end close to the wood beam 1 to the other end; the second nail hole 47 on the second shear key is arranged close to the second end 22 of the second shear key, and the second nail hole 47 gradually moves away from the second end 22 from one end close to the wood beam 1 to the other end. The spacing between two adjacent nail holes is preferably 50 mm, and the distance between the two ends of each nail hole along the extension direction of the nail hole is not less than 2 times the diameter of the screw 6. The cross section of the nail hole is circular, and its cross section diameter is not less than the diameter of the screw. The difference between the diameter of the nail hole and the screw 6 is not less than 1 mm, and the angle between the second nail hole 47 and the first nail hole 46 is preferably 45°. The screw 6 is preferably a self-tapping screw.

[0036] It should be noted that the size and length of the screw 6 can be determined according to the size of the wooden beam 1 and the actual usage, as long as the connection regulations in the "Wood Structure Design Standard" are met.

[0037] Embodiment 2

[0038] This embodiment provides a composite steel-wood beam, such as Figure 2-5 As shown, it includes: a prestressed component and multiple wooden beams 1, the multiple wooden beams 1 are coaxially arranged and connected end to end in sequence to form a composite wooden beam, the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two parts of the tension side of the composite wooden beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the composite wooden beam through each fixed connection part and make the composite wooden beam have a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

[0039] The present invention also provides a composite steel-wood beam. Due to the limitation of the length of equipment or transport vehicles, the composite wood beam needs to be divided into multiple sections of wood beams 1 for processing or transportation. During construction, the multiple sections of wood beams 1 need to be spliced ​​to the designed length. The bending resistance at the splicing nodes in traditional spliced ​​wood beams is relatively weak. The composite steel-wood beam provided by the present invention applies force to the tensile side of the composite wood beam through a prestressed component, so that the composite wood beam has a tendency to bend toward the compressive side, so that the compressive strength of the composite wood beam can be well utilized, and the bending resistance of the splicing nodes of the composite wood beam is improved. Moreover, there is no need to increase the cross-sectional size, and transportation and installation are more convenient.

[0040] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the prestressed assembly includes a prestressed rod 2, a plurality of prestressing members 3 and a plurality of shear keys 4, each of which is fixedly arranged on the tension side of the composite wood beam in sequence along the length direction of the composite wood beam, and the shear keys 4 are provided with installation channels 441 parallel to the length direction of the composite wood beam, the prestressed rod 2 is passed through all the installation channels 441, the two ends of the prestressed rod 2 are respectively a first end 21 and a second end 22, the shear key 4 close to the first end 21 is a first shear key 42, and the shear key 4 close to the second end 22 is a second Shear key 43, the side of the first shear key 42 close to the first end 21 is the first force surface 421, the side of the second shear key 43 close to the second end 22 is the second force surface 431, each prestressing member 3 is fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod 2, each prestressing member 3 close to the first end 21 is against the first force surface 421, and each prestressing member 3 close to the second end 22 is against the second force surface 431; the prestressed rod 2 is a threaded rod, each prestressing member 3 is a nut, and each prestressing member 3 is threadedly connected to the prestressed rod 2. The use of nuts can improve the convenience of installation by the staff. Since the prestressed rod 2 is in a tensile state, it can participate in the force during the bending process of the wooden beam 1, thereby increasing the area of ​​the compression zone of the wooden beam 1 and improving the bearing capacity of the wooden beam 1. Among them, a reinforcement member can also be arranged between the first shear key 42 and the second shear key 43, and a channel for the prestressed rod 2 to pass through is arranged on the reinforcement member, and the reinforcement member is preferably fixedly connected to the tensile side of the wooden beam 1 by self-tapping screws.

[0041] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, the shear key 4 includes a bottom plate 41, an embedding portion 45 and a fastening portion 44, the fastening portion 44 includes a first fastening portion 442 and a second fastening portion 443, the first fastening portion 442 and the second fastening portion 443 are both fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate 41 facing away from the composite wood beam, the installation channel 441 is arranged on the two fastening portions 44 and passes through the two ends of each fastening portion 44, the side of the fastening portion 44 on the first shear key 42 close to the first end 21 forms a first force-bearing surface 421, the side of the fastening portion 44 on the second shear key 43 close to the second end 22 forms a second force-bearing surface 431, the embedding portion 45 is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate 41 facing the composite wood beam, the position of the embedding portion 45 corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion 442, the tensile side of the composite wood beam is provided with an embedding groove 11, and the embedding portion 45 is embedded in the embedding groove 11. By embedding the embedding portion 45 into the composite wood beam, the reliability of the connection between the shear key 4 and the composite wood beam is improved.

[0042] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the shear key 4 and the composite wood beam are connected by screws 6, and the fastening portion 44 is provided with a first nail hole 46 and a second nail hole 47. The extension direction of the first nail hole 46 is perpendicular to the tension side of the composite wood beam, and the axis of the second nail hole 47 and the axis of the first nail hole 46 have an angle of 30°-60°, and the screw 6 can extend into the first nail hole 46 and the second nail hole 47 respectively and be nailed into the composite wood beam. The screw 6 in the first nail hole 46 is perpendicular to the tension side of the wood beam 1, and can play a role in suppressing the cross-grain splitting of the glued wood while bearing the shear force; the screw 6 in the second nail hole 47 has an angle with the screw 6 in the first nail hole 46, which also has a stronger pull-out resistance to bear the lateral load.

[0043] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a pressure-bearing member 5, which is fixedly arranged between the end faces of two adjacent wooden beams 1. The pressure-bearing member 5 has two pressure-bearing planes arranged opposite to each other, and the two end faces of the wooden beam 1 are pressed on the two pressure-bearing planes respectively. Placing the pressure-bearing member 5 between two adjacent wooden beams 1 can prevent the ends of the two wooden beams 1 from abutting against each other and causing the wood fibers or the glue layer to be cut along the grain.

[0044] In a preferred implementation of this embodiment, the pressure bearing member 5 is plate-shaped, and a notch perpendicular to the web of the pressure bearing member 5 is provided on the pressure bearing member 5. The plug plate 7 is inserted into the notch, and the fixing pin 8 passes through the combined wood beam and the plug plate 7 to fix the plug plate 7. The flange of the pressure bearing member 5 can fix the two adjacent wood beams 1 together with the prestressed rod 2 and the fixing assembly, thereby increasing the reliability of the connection between the two wood beams 1; the fixing pin 8 can improve the shear resistance of the combined steel-wood beam. Among them, the plug plate 7 is provided with a pin hole for the fixing pin to pass through.

[0045] Embodiment 3

[0046] The steel-wood beam and the combined steel-wood beam provided by the present invention were tested respectively. Figure 6 As shown, taking a glued laminated timber beam with a span of 4.2m and a cross-section of 180×90mm as an example, when the glued laminated timber beam is bent, the segmented spliced ​​glued laminated timber beam (i.e., the combined steel-wood beam in Example 2) can be improved by about 20% compared with the ordinary glued laminated timber beam in the elastic stage, and the stiffness of the non-segmented reinforced glued laminated timber beam (i.e., the steel-wood beam in Example 1) can be improved by about 60% compared with the ordinary glued laminated timber beam 1.

[0047] The invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the invention.

Claims

1. A steel-wood beam, characterized in that: include: A wooden beam and a prestressed component, wherein the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two locations on the tension side of the wooden beam, and the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the wooden beam through each fixedly connected location and to make the wooden beam have a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

2. The steel-wood beam according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prestressed component includes a prestressed rod, a plurality of pre-tightening members and a plurality of shear keys, each of which is fixedly arranged on the tension side of the wooden beam in sequence along the length direction of the wooden beam, each of which is provided with an installation channel parallel to the length direction of the wooden beam, and the prestressed rod is passed through all of the installation channels, the two ends of the prestressed rod are respectively a first end and a second end, the shear key close to the first end is a first shear key, and the shear keys close to the second end are all second shear keys, the side of the first shear key close to the first end is a first force-bearing surface, and the side of the second shear key close to the second end is a second force-bearing surface, each of the pre-tightening members is fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod, each of the pre-tightening members close to the first end is against the first force-bearing surface, and each of the pre-tightening members close to the second end is against the second force-bearing surface; the prestressed rod is a threaded rod, each of the pre-tightening members is a nut, and each of the pre-tightening members is threadedly connected to the prestressed rod.

3. The steel-wood beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shear key includes a base plate, an embedded portion and a fastening portion, the fastening portion includes a first fastening portion and a second fastening portion, the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are both fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing away from the wooden beam, the mounting channel is arranged on the two fastening portions and passes through both ends of each of the fastening portions, the side of the fastening portion on the first shear key close to the first end forms the first force-bearing surface, the side of the fastening portion on the second shear key close to the second end forms the second force-bearing surface, the embedded portion is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing the wooden beam, the position of the embedded portion corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion, the tensile side of the wooden beam is provided with an embedded groove, and the embedded portion is embedded in the embedded groove.

4. The steel-wood beam according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shear key and the wooden beam are connected by screws, and a first nail hole and a second nail hole are provided on the bottom plate. The extension direction of the first nail hole is perpendicular to the tension side of the wooden beam, and the axis of the second nail hole has an angle of 30°-60° with the axis of the first nail hole. The screws can extend into the first nail hole and the second nail hole respectively and be nailed into the wooden beam.

5. A composite steel-wood beam, characterized in that: include: A prestressed component and a plurality of wooden beams, wherein the plurality of wooden beams are coaxially arranged and connected end to end in sequence to form a composite wooden beam, wherein the prestressed component is fixedly connected to at least two locations on the tension side of the composite wooden beam, and wherein the prestressed component is constructed to transmit force to the tension side of the composite wooden beam through each fixedly connected location so that the composite wooden beam has a tendency to bend toward the compression side.

6. The composite steel-wood beam according to claim 5, characterized in that: The prestressed component comprises a prestressed rod, a plurality of pretightening members and a plurality of shear keys, each of the shear keys being fixedly arranged on the tension side of the composite wood beam in sequence along the length direction of the composite wood beam, each of the shear keys being provided with an installation channel parallel to the length direction of the composite wood beam, the prestressed rod being passed through all of the installation channels, the two ends of the prestressed rod being respectively a first end and a second end, the shear key close to the first end being a first shear key, and the shear keys close to the second end being second shear keys, the side surface of the first shear key close to the first end being a first stress-bearing surface, and the side surface of the second shear key close to the second end being a second stress-bearing surface, each of the pretightening members being fixedly arranged on the prestressed rod, each of the pretightening members close to the first end being against the first stress-bearing surface, and each of the pretightening members close to the second end being against the second stress-bearing surface; the prestressed rod is a threaded rod, each of the pretightening members being a nut, and each of the pretightening members being threadedly connected to the prestressed rod.

7. The composite steel-wood beam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shear key includes a base plate, an embedded portion and a fastening portion, the fastening portion includes a first fastening portion and a second fastening portion, the first fastening portion and the second fastening portion are both fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing away from the composite wooden beam, the installation channel is arranged on the two fastening portions and passes through the two ends of each of the fastening portions, the side of the fastening portion on the first shear key close to the first end forms the first force-bearing surface, the side of the fastening portion on the second shear key close to the second end forms the second force-bearing surface, the embedded portion is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate facing the composite wooden beam, the position of the embedded portion corresponds to the position of the first fastening portion, the tensile side of the composite wooden beam is provided with an embedded groove, and the embedded portion is embedded in the embedded groove.

8. The composite steel-wood beam according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shear key and the composite wooden beam are connected by screws, and a first nail hole and a second nail hole are provided on the bottom plate. The extension direction of the first nail hole is perpendicular to the tension side of the composite wooden beam, and the axis of the second nail hole has an angle of 30°-60° with the axis of the first nail hole. The screws can extend into the first nail hole and the second nail hole respectively and be nailed into the composite wooden beam.

9. The composite steel-wood beam according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure-bearing member, which is fixedly arranged between the end faces of two adjacent wooden beams. The pressure-bearing member has two pressure-bearing planes arranged back to back, and the two end faces of the wooden beams are respectively pressed on the two pressure-bearing planes.

10. The composite steel-wood beam according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a plug plate, the pressure bearing member is in the shape of a plate, a notch perpendicular to the web of the pressure bearing member is arranged on the pressure bearing member, the plug plate is inserted into the notch, and the fixing pin passes through the combined wooden beam and the plug plate to fix the plug plate.

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