Downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vibrators, in particular to an underground hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction.The underground hydraulic vibrator is characterized in that an upper vibration structure and a lower vibration structure are arranged in a vibration sleeve and matched with a drainage groove formed in the vibration sleeve, and during work, fluid discharged downwards promotes a vibration disc to move downwards till the vibration disc moves to the drainage groove, so that the vibration disc is driven to vibrate; a large amount of fluid rapidly flows into the piston cavity through the drainage groove and pushes the guide column to move upwards, the vibration disc is upwards released to impact the first vibration plug to generate primary vibration under the upward pushing of the guide column and the elastic reset action of the reset spring, and the released fluid gathers and pressurizes a vibration structure below the vibration disc. The vibration detection assembly is additionally arranged at the position of the lower connector, the working state of the drilling tool is monitored in real time through the sensing structure, the fatigue degree of the drilling tool is predicted, vibration information is adjusted based on the prediction result, and drilling tool abrasion is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibrators, and more particularly to a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction. Background Art

[0002] Compared with general wellbore structures, horizontal wells and extended-reach wells are characterized by large friction torque. Due to the large well inclination angle and long stable inclination section, most of the deadweight of the tubing in the large inclination section will be pressed against the well wall, increasing the downward resistance of the tubing, so a large friction force will be generated between the tubing and the wellbore.

[0003] Therefore, when the tubing is lowered into the well, the longer the length of the tubing, the greater the friction between the tubing and the wellbore that needs to be overcome. The existence of friction greatly reduces the effective drilling pressure transmitted to the drill bit, reduces the drilling speed, greatly limits the lowering of the tubing, and also causes tubing wear.

[0004] In addition, the downhole drill bit assembly will produce different vibrations under the influence of alternating stress, which will lead to fatigue damage. Therefore, in drilling operations, it is very necessary to predict and analyze the vibration fatigue of the drill bit and use technical means to improve the effectiveness of drilling pressure transmission during drilling and reduce the friction between the bottom drill bit and the wellbore.

[0005] To this end, we propose a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the existing practical problems and provide a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction compared with the prior art.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, comprising an upper joint, a lower joint and a vibration casing connected therebetween, two sets of vibration structures are arranged inside the vibration casing, a diverter plate is embedded and installed on the top of the vibration casing, and a vibration detection component is installed inside the lower joint; The vibration structure includes a vibration component and a flow collecting tube distributed up and down, the vibration component includes a vibration plug, a vibration plate, a guide column, a piston and a reset spring, the piston is fixed to the bottom end of the guide column, the reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide column, the flow collecting tube is fixedly installed inside the vibration sleeve, a piston cavity for the piston to move up and down is opened inside the flow collecting tube, and a plurality of overflow cavities are opened on the inner wall of the upper end of the piston cavity and are arranged to penetrate toward the bottom of the flow collecting tube; The inner wall of the vibration sleeve is provided with drainage grooves located below the vibration plate in both the upper and lower directions. The drainage grooves include a drainage expansion groove provided inside the vibration sleeve and located above the top of the flow focusing tube. The end walls around the drainage expansion groove are provided with a plurality of lower row chutes arranged downward and connected to the inside of the piston cavity. The bottom of the piston cavity is provided with a plurality of connecting cavities in an annular manner for connecting the lower row chutes. The vibration detection assembly comprises a detection cylinder fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lower joint and a vibration head movably mounted in the detection cylinder, and a vibration sensor is mounted on the top of the detection cylinder via a vibration spring.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper and lower vibration plugs are respectively divided into vibration plug one and vibration plug two, wherein vibration plug one is fixedly installed at the axial center of the diverter plate, and vibration plug two is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper focusing cylinder through a fixing sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the diverter plate is provided with a plurality of diverter holes, and the end wall of the vibration disk is provided with a plurality of throttling holes penetrating vertically, and the aperture of the throttling hole is smaller than the aperture of the diverter hole.

[0010] Furthermore, a buffer plate having the same size as the inner diameter of the vibration sleeve and adjacent to the bottom of the drainage expansion groove is fixedly installed on the top of the focusing cylinder, and a reset spring passes through the buffer plate and is fixed to the top of the focusing cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the drainage expansion groove is an annular structure that expands outward along the inner wall of the vibration sleeve, and the height of the drainage expansion groove is greater than the thickness of the vibration plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a drainage hole is formed at the bottom of each of the communicating cavities, and the diameter of the drainage hole is smaller than the diameter of the throttling hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the lower end of the vibration head passes through the bottom end of the detection tube and is fixedly connected to the end of the drilling tool installed inside the lower joint.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of induction electrode rings are distributed in the vertical direction inside the detection tube, and induction vibration rods adapted to the induction electrode rings are slidably mounted on both sides of the top of the vibration head.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: This scheme is to set two sets of upper and lower vibration structures in the vibration sleeve, and cooperate with the discharge groove opened in the vibration sleeve. When working, the fluid discharged downward causes the vibration plate to move downward until it moves to the discharge groove, where the fluid is depressurized, and a large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston cavity through the discharge groove, and pushes the guide column to move upward. After a large amount of fluid above the discharge expansion groove is released, the vibration plate is pushed upward by the guide column and the elastic reset of the reset spring, and is released upward to impact the vibration plug to generate a vibration, and the released fluid is discharged downward to gather and pressurize the vibration structure below, so that the upper and lower vibration structures can achieve continuous vibration effect; This solution adds a vibration detection component at the lower joint, and monitors the working status of the drill tool in real time through the sensing structure. When the drill tool at the bottom of the lower joint vibrates, it will drive the vibration head to move up and down. The vibration head transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor through the vibration spring. The vibration sensor detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head, the side induction vibration rod moves horizontally and impacts the induction electrode ring on the inner end wall of the detection tube, and contacts and separates from the induction electrode rings at different heights, outputs electrical signals, obtains lateral vibration information, predicts the fatigue degree of the drill tool, and automatically adjusts the vibration frequency and amplitude based on the prediction results, thereby reducing the friction between the drill tool and the well wall and reducing energy consumption and wear during drilling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 2 is an internal cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a vibration sleeve of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vibration component of the present invention; Figure 5 A bottom view of the flow collecting tube of the present invention; Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the focusing tube of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when working; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the downwardly moving fluid of the present invention pushes the vibrating plate downward; Fig. 9 It is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention when the vibrating disk is vibrating upward after the fluid is depressurized at the discharge groove; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the joint between the vibration detection component and the lower joint of the present invention.

[0017] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1. Upper joint; 2. Lower joint; 3. Vibrating sleeve; 301. Discharge expansion slot; 302. Lower discharge slot; 4. Diverter plate; 401. Diverter hole; 5. Vibrating plug; 51. Vibrating plug one; 52. Vibrating plug two; 6. Fixed sleeve; 7. Vibrating disk; 701. Throttle hole; 8. Guide column; 801. Piston; 9. Return spring; 10. Focusing tube; 101. Piston chamber; 102. Overflow chamber; 103. Connecting chamber; 104. Discharge hole; 11. Buffer disk; 12. Detection tube; 13. Vibrating head; 14. Vibration sensor; 15. Vibrating spring; 16. Inductive electrode ring; 17. Inductive vibration rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will combine the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: The present invention discloses a downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , including an upper joint 1, a lower joint 2 and a vibration sleeve 3 connected therebetween, two sets of vibration structures are arranged inside the vibration sleeve 3 along the vertical direction, a diverter plate 4 is embedded and installed on the top of the vibration sleeve 3, and a plurality of diverter holes 401 are opened on the diverter plate 4, a vibration detection component is installed inside the lower joint 2, and the vibration detection component is connected to the drilling tool installed at the lower joint 2, and the working status of the drilling tool is monitored in real time through the sensing structure.

[0020] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4 , Figure 5 The vibration structure includes a vibration component and a focusing tube 10 distributed up and down, the vibration component includes a vibration plug 5, a vibration plate 7, a guide column 8, a piston 801 and a reset spring 9, the vibration plate 7 is movably installed inside the vibration sleeve 3, the piston 801 is fixed to the bottom end of the guide column 8, the reset spring 9 is sleeved on the outside of the guide column 8, the vibration plug 5 is located above the vibration plate 7, the focusing tube 10 is fixedly installed inside the vibration sleeve 3, and a buffer plate 11 which is consistent with the inner diameter of the vibration sleeve 3 and adjacent to the bottom of the drainage expansion groove 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the focusing tube 10; The upper and lower vibration plugs 5 are respectively divided into vibration plug 1 51 and vibration plug 2 52 , wherein vibration plug 1 51 is fixedly installed on the axial center of the diverter plate 4 , and vibration plug 2 52 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the upper focusing cylinder 10 through a fixing sleeve 6 .

[0021] The return spring 9 passes through the buffer plate 11 and is fixed to the top of the focusing tube 10. The focusing tube 10 has a piston cavity 101 for the piston 801 to move up and down. The piston 801 passes through the piston cavity 101 and moves up and down along the inner wall of the piston cavity 101. Figure 5 , Figure 6 The inner wall of the upper end of the piston chamber 101 is provided with a plurality of overflow chambers 102 penetrating toward the bottom of the focusing cylinder 10; See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 The inner wall of the vibration sleeve 3 is provided with drainage grooves located below the vibration plate 7 in both the upper and lower directions. The drainage grooves include a drainage expansion groove 301 opened inside the vibration sleeve 3 and located above the top of the flow focusing tube 10. The end walls around the drainage expansion groove 301 are provided with a plurality of lower row grooves 302 arranged downward and connected to the inside of the piston cavity 101, so as to realize the communication between the drainage expansion groove 301 and the bottom of the piston cavity 101; See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 The bottom of the piston chamber 101 is provided with a plurality of connecting chambers 103 for connecting the lower chute 302. The drain grooves are provided to realize that when the vibration plate 7 reaches the lower limit of movement, Figure 7-Figure 9 , the upper fluid is depressurized and diverted. When the upper fluid is quickly released, the vibration disk 7 can be quickly reset upward under the action of the reset spring 9, and the upper vibration plug 51 is vibrated once.

[0022] A plurality of throttle holes 701 penetrating from top to bottom are provided on the end wall of the vibration plate 7. The aperture of the throttle hole 701 is smaller than the aperture of the diverter hole 401. The fluid of the upper pipe column is discharged downward through the upper joint 1 and the diverter hole 401. Most of the fluid is gathered between the diverter plate 4 and the vibration plate 7. The vibration plate 7 moves downward under the pressure of the fluid discharged downward, causing the return spring 9 to be compressed. A small amount of fluid is discharged downward through the throttle hole 701 and introduced into the focusing tube 10 along the discharge expansion groove 301 and the lower discharge groove 302 for focusing. See also Figure 3 and Figure 7-Figure 9 The drainage expansion groove 301 is an annular structure that expands outward toward the inner wall of the vibration sleeve 3. The height of the drainage expansion groove 301 is greater than the thickness of the vibration plate 7. When the vibration plate 7 continues to move downward under the action of the continuous downward fluid pressure until it moves to the drainage expansion groove 301, the fluid is depressurized at this point, and a large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston chamber 101 through the drainage expansion groove 301 and the lower chute 302, and pushes the guide column 8 to move upward; After a large amount of fluid above the drainage expansion groove 301 is released, the vibration plate 7 rebounds upward under the upward push of the guide pillar 8 and the elastic return action of the return spring 9, and impacts the vibration plug 51 to generate a vibration. The fluid flowing into the piston chamber 101 pushes the guide pillar 8 to move upward and is discharged downward from the multiple overflow chambers 102, thereby converging and pressurizing the vibration structure below. In addition, a discharge hole 104 is provided at the bottom of each connecting cavity 103, and the aperture of the discharge hole 104 is smaller than the aperture of the throttling hole 701. After the vibration disk 7 reaches pressure relief, the fluid is discharged into the vibration structure below through a plurality of overflow cavities 102, and the fluid not discharged in the focusing tube 10 is discharged downward through a plurality of discharge holes 104 and converges to the upper part of the vibration disk 7 below, pushing the vibration disk 7 downward, so that the upper and lower vibration structures complete two vibration actions in the vibration sleeve 3, and the continuously discharged fluid enables the upper and lower vibration structures to achieve continuous vibration effect.

[0023] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment optimizes the vibration detection component, as follows: See also Fig.10 The vibration detection assembly includes a detection tube 12 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lower joint 2 and a vibration head 13 movably mounted in the detection tube 12. A vibration sensor 14 is mounted on the top of the detection tube 12 through a vibration spring 15. The lower end of the vibration head 13 penetrates the bottom end of the detection tube 12 and is fixedly connected to the end of the drilling tool installed inside the lower joint 2. A plurality of induction electrode rings 16 are distributed vertically inside the detection tube 12. Induction vibration rods 17 adapted to the induction electrode rings 16 are slidably mounted on both sides of the top of the vibration head 13. An active groove for the horizontal movement of the induction vibration rod 17 is provided on the vibration head 13. The inner end of the induction vibration rod 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the active groove through a buffer spring. When the drill bit at the bottom of the lower joint 2 vibrates, the vibration head 13 is driven to move up and down. The vibration head 13 transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor 14 through the vibration spring 15. The vibration sensor 14 detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head 13, the induction vibration rod 17 on the side of 13 moves horizontally, impacting the induction electrode ring 16 on the inner end wall of the detection tube 12, contacting and separating with the induction electrode ring 16 at different height positions, outputting electrical signals, and obtaining lateral vibration information. Through data analysis, the system can timely predict the fatigue degree of the drill bit, and based on the prediction results, the ground control system will adjust the drilling parameters, such as drilling pressure and rotation speed, to reduce the impact of vibration on the drill bit. The ground control system will send instructions to the actuator of the hydraulic vibrator to adjust the fluid injection volume and pressure to adjust the vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibrator, thereby improving the effectiveness of drilling pressure transmission during drilling and reducing the friction between the bottom drill bit and the wellbore.

[0024] In summary, the present invention sets two sets of upper and lower vibration structures in the vibration sleeve 3, and the vibration structure includes vibration components and a focusing tube 10 distributed up and down, and cooperates with the discharge groove opened in the vibration sleeve 3. When working, the fluid discharged downward from the upper joint 1 prompts the vibration plate 7 to move downward until it moves to the top of the discharge groove, and the fluid is depressurized there. A large amount of fluid quickly flows into the piston cavity 101 through the discharge expansion groove 301 and the lower discharge groove 302, and pushes the guide column 8 to move upward. After a large amount of fluid at the discharge expansion groove 301 is released, the vibration plate 7 rebounds upward quickly under the elastic reset action of the reset spring 9 and the upward push of the guide column 8, and impacts the vibration plug 51 to generate a vibration. The fluid flowing into the piston cavity 101 is discharged downward by multiple overflow chambers 102 and the connecting chamber 103, and the vibration structure below is concentrated and pressurized, so that the upper and lower vibration structures can achieve continuous vibration effect; In addition, a vibration detection component is added at the lower joint 2, and the working status of the drill tool is monitored in real time through the sensing structure. When the drill tool at the bottom of the lower joint 2 vibrates, it will drive the vibration head 13 to move up and down. The vibration head 13 transmits the vibration force to the vibration sensor 14 through the vibration spring 15. The vibration sensor 14 detects the axial vibration information. During the up and down movement of the vibration head 13, the inductive vibration rod 17 on the side moves horizontally, impacting the inductive electrode ring 16 on the inner end wall of the detection tube, contacting and separating with the inductive electrode ring 16 at different heights, outputting electrical signals, and obtaining lateral vibration information. According to the integrated analysis of the axial vibration information and the lateral vibration information, the fatigue degree of the drill tool is predicted, and the vibration frequency and amplitude are automatically adjusted based on the prediction result, so as to reduce the friction between the drill tool and the well wall and reduce the energy consumption and wear during the drilling process.

[0025] The above are only preferred specific implementation modes of the present invention; however, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto; any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention; any equivalent replacement or change based on the technical solution and improved concept of the present invention shall be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction, comprising an upper joint (1), a lower joint (2) and a vibration casing (3) connected therebetween, characterized in that: Two groups of vibration structures are arranged inside the vibration sleeve (3), a diverter plate (4) is embedded and installed on the top of the vibration sleeve (3), and a vibration detection component is installed inside the lower joint (2); The vibration structure comprises a vibration component and a flow collecting tube (10) distributed vertically, the vibration component comprising a vibration plug (5), a vibration plate (7), a guide column (8), a piston (801) and a return spring (9), the vibration plate (7) and the vibration sleeve (3) are movably mounted inside, the piston (801) is fixed to the bottom end of the guide column (8), the return spring (9) is sleeved on the outside of the guide column (8), the vibration plug (5) is located above the vibration plate (7), the flow collecting tube (10) is fixedly mounted inside the vibration sleeve (3), a piston chamber (101) for the piston (801) to movably penetrate upward and downward is provided inside the flow collecting tube (10), and a plurality of overflow chambers (102) penetrating toward the bottom of the flow collecting tube (10) are provided on the inner wall of the upper end of the piston chamber (101); The inner wall of the vibration sleeve (3) is provided with flow discharge grooves located below the vibration plate (7) in both upper and lower directions, the flow discharge grooves comprising a flow discharge expansion groove (301) provided inside the vibration sleeve (3) and located at the top of the flow collecting tube (10), a plurality of downwardly disposed lower chutes (302) are provided on the end walls surrounding the flow discharge expansion groove (301), and a plurality of connecting cavities (103) for connecting the lower chutes (302) are provided in an annular manner at the bottom of the piston cavity (101); The vibration detection assembly comprises a detection tube (12) fixedly mounted on the upper end of the lower joint (2) and a vibration head (13) movably mounted in the detection tube (12); a vibration sensor (14) is mounted on the top of the detection tube (12) via a vibration spring (15); the lower end of the vibration head (13) penetrates the bottom end of the detection tube (12) and is fixedly connected to the end of a drilling tool mounted inside the lower joint (2); a plurality of induction electrode rings (16) are distributed in the vertical direction inside the detection tube (12); and induction vibration rods (17) adapted to the induction electrode rings (16) are slidably mounted on both sides of the top end of the vibration head (13).

2. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two upper and lower vibration plugs (5) are respectively divided into vibration plug one (51) and vibration plug two (52), wherein vibration plug one (51) is fixedly installed at the axial center of the diverter plate (4), and vibration plug two (52) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the upper focusing cylinder (10) through a fixing sleeve (6).

3. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter plate (4) is provided with a plurality of diverter holes (401), and the end wall of the vibration plate (7) is provided with a plurality of throttling holes (701) penetrating vertically, wherein the aperture of the throttling holes (701) is smaller than the aperture of the diverter holes (401).

4. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer disk (11) having the same size as the inner diameter of the vibration sleeve (3) and adjacent to the bottom of the discharge expansion groove (301) is fixedly mounted on the top end of the flow focusing cylinder (10); the return spring (9) passes through the buffer disk (11) and is fixed to the top end of the flow focusing cylinder (10).

5. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drainage expansion groove (301) is an annular structure that expands outwards towards the inner wall of the vibration sleeve (3), and the height of the drainage expansion groove (301) is greater than the thickness of the vibration plate (7).

6. A downhole hydraulic vibrator based on fatigue prediction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drainage hole (104) is provided at the bottom of each of the communication cavities (103); the diameter of the drainage hole (104) is smaller than the diameter of the throttling hole (701).

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