A horizontal surveying instrument and a surveying method

Abstract

The application relates to a horizontal measuring instrument for surveying and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of horizontal measuring instruments. The horizontal measuring instrument comprises a mounting platform, the top of the mounting platform is fixedly connected with a first mounting frame, the side wall of the first mounting frame is fixedly connected with a first rotating shaft, the outer wall of the first rotating shaft is rotationally connected with a second connecting frame, the top of the mounting platform is provided with a spherical groove, the side wall of the second connecting frame is provided with a leveling mechanism, the leveling mechanism can quickly level and lock the measuring instrument during measurement, the inner wall of the spherical groove is provided with a protection mechanism, the protection mechanism can automatically protect the measuring instrument when the equipment is tilted and falls, the horizontal measuring instrument is horizontally and longitudinally balanced through the gravity of a pull rope and a leveling ball, the rotating shaft is locked by loosening a pull handle, leveling is completed, the measuring precision is ensured, the horizontal frame can be quickly unlocked by pulling, the leveling work of the horizontal measuring instrument can be quickly performed, and the work efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of level measuring instruments, and in particular to a level measuring instrument and measuring method for surveying. Background Technology

[0002] Engineering surveying refers to all surveying work in engineering construction, including various surveying work carried out during the surveying, design, construction and management stages of engineering construction. Surveying work usually requires the use of surveying instruments to measure various types of physical quantities, including length, angle, elevation, coordinates, etc. The surveying instruments can ensure the accuracy, reliability and efficiency of the measurement, and the installation device can provide stable support and fixation to ensure that the surveying instruments maintain a stable position and orientation during the measurement process.

[0003] Traditional levelness measurement requires the use of a level and a spirit level. This method requires two people: one to hold the level and take the reading, and the other to move the spirit level to the point being measured, record the elevation data, and calculate the levelness. Furthermore, the process of moving the spirit level to the measurement position requires keeping it perpendicular to each measurement point, which is too cumbersome.

[0004] After a leveling instrument is placed in the appropriate position, its levelness needs to be adjusted. However, most current leveling instruments do not have automatic adjustment functions, generally requiring two people to work together: one person operates the level to take readings, and the other person moves the level ruler to the point being measured, records the elevation data, and calculates the levelness. Furthermore, during the process of moving the level ruler to the measurement position, it is necessary to keep the level ruler perpendicular to each measurement point. Adjusting the level ruler to be perpendicular to the measurement position is too cumbersome and seriously delays the efficiency of the measurement work. At the same time, existing leveling instruments need to be placed in the measurement area for a long time during use, increasing the risk of accidental collisions and drops. Moreover, they do not have equipment protection functions, increasing the risk of equipment damage due to human negligence or delayed response. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem of lack of protection when equipment is accidentally bumped or dropped during the measurement process, and to propose a surveying level measuring instrument and measurement method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs a surveying level measuring instrument, comprising an installation platform, wherein a first mounting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the installation platform, and a first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first mounting frame, and a second connecting frame is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, and a spherical groove is provided on the top of the installation platform.

[0007] The side wall of the second connecting frame is provided with a leveling mechanism so that the measuring instrument can be quickly leveled and locked during measurement.

[0008] The inner wall of the spherical groove is equipped with a protective mechanism to automatically protect the measuring instrument in the event of a tilt or fall.

[0009] Furthermore, the leveling mechanism includes a fixed block, and a first tension spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed block. A handle is fixedly connected to the side of the first tension spring that is away from the fixed block, and a pressing block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the handle. A second tension spring is fixedly connected to each of the corresponding side walls of the fixed block. A first abutment is fixedly connected to the end of one of the second tension springs that is away from the fixed block, and a second abutment is fixedly connected to the end of the other second tension spring that is away from the fixed block.

[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the second connecting frame is slidably connected to a first slider, and the end of the first slider corresponds to the end slope of the first abutment. The inner wall of the second connecting frame is slidably connected to a second slider, and the end of the second slider corresponds to the end slope of the second abutment. The outer wall of the second slider is fixedly connected to a third tension spring, and the end of the third tension spring that is away from the second slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting frame. The outer wall of the first slider is fixedly connected to a fourth tension spring, and the end of the fourth tension spring that is away from the first slider is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting frame.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the corresponding side walls of the second connecting frame is rotatably connected to a second pivot, a horizontal frame is fixedly connected between the two second pivots, and a leveling ball is fixedly connected to the bottom center of the horizontal frame by a pull rope.

[0012] Furthermore, the end of the first slider corresponds to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft, the end of the second slider corresponds to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft, and the leveling ball extends into the interior of the spherical groove via a pull rope.

[0013] Furthermore, the protective mechanism includes a snap-fit ​​rod, and a sliding groove is provided through the side wall of the snap-fit ​​rod. A sliding rod is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove, and a limit block is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod. A fifth tension spring is fixedly connected to one end of the snap-fit ​​rod, and the end of the fifth tension spring that is away from the snap-fit ​​rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting platform. A snap-fit ​​ring is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spherical groove, and a snap-fit ​​groove is provided at the bottom of the snap-fit ​​ring to engage with the end of the snap-fit ​​rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the snap-fit ​​rod is slidably connected through the interior of the mounting platform. A reset rod is fixedly connected to the end of the snap-fit ​​rod that is away from the snap-fit ​​ring. The outer wall of the reset rod is slidably connected through the interior of the mounting platform. A protective plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mounting platform at the position corresponding to the limiting block via a torsion spring. The side wall of the protective plate has a slot that engages with the end of the limiting block.

[0015] Furthermore, a level measuring instrument is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the leveling frame, and multiple supports are hinged to the bottom of the installation platform.

[0016] This application also provides a method for horizontal measurement in surveying, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Installation: Open the bracket to expand the contact area, extend the sleeve to adapt to the terrain, place the equipment in the measurement area, manually rotate the protective plate, press the reset rod, slide the locking rod, the fifth tension spring stretches and applies force, the slide rod slides along the slide groove, the limit block slides down, the locking rod engages with the locking ring, and the protective plate is fixed below the installation platform. This completes the pre-measurement installation.

[0018] S2: Leveling Measurement: By pulling the handle, the squeezing block is moved, stretching the first tension spring. The movement of the squeezing block causes the first and second abutments to slide, releasing the limits on the first and second sliders. After the first and second sliders slide, the second and first rotating shafts can rotate freely. The leveling frame rotates around the second rotating shaft, providing lateral balance for the leveling instrument. The second connecting frame rotates around the first rotating shaft, providing longitudinal balance, thus completing rapid leveling. Afterward, releasing the handle locks the second and first rotating shafts.

[0019] S3: Drop Protection: The leveling ball is suspended in the spherical groove. When the equipment is tilted, it can roll and impact the locking ring. The locking ring slides away from the locking rod due to the impact. The fifth tension spring returns to its original position and drives the locking rod to slide. The slide groove slides along the slide rod, and the limit block slides up and away from the protective plate. Then the protective plate is no longer restricted. The torsion spring drives it to rotate rapidly upward and surround the second connecting frame to protect the level measuring instrument.

[0020] Compared with existing technologies, the above solution has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. During measurement, the leveling frame provides tension to the leveling ball via a pull rope. The leveling ball, under gravity, pulls the leveling frame to rotate around the second pivot. This rotation provides lateral balance for the leveling instrument. After sliding, the end of the second abutment disengages from the outer wall of the first pivot, causing the second connecting frame to rotate and provide longitudinal balance for the leveling instrument. This completes the leveling of the leveling instrument. Releasing the handle locks the first and second pivots, thus completing the leveling process. This ensures the leveling instrument remains stable during measurement, preventing tilting and ensuring accuracy. Pulling the leveling frame to release the lock allows for quick leveling, improving work efficiency.

[0022] 2. When the equipment tilts and is about to fall, the leveling ball will roll along the inner wall of the spherical groove and then impact the locking ring, causing the locking ring to disengage from the locking rod. This will cause the locking rod to slide into the mounting platform and slide along the inside of the sliding rod through the slide groove. After the limit block slides, it will disengage from the protective plate. At this time, the protective plate is no longer limited by the limit block, and it will rotate through the torsion spring at the connection with the mounting platform. Then, multiple protective plates will quickly rotate upwards. After the multiple protective plates have rotated, they can surround the perimeter of the second connecting frame, thus protecting the level measuring instrument and greatly reducing the risk of equipment damage caused by human negligence or insufficient reaction. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the measurement process proposed in this invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure proposed in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first part of the leveling mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second part of the leveling mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention proposes Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the third part of the leveling mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the protective mechanism proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 The present invention proposes Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B.

[0032] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1. Mounting platform; 2. First mounting bracket; 3. First rotating shaft; 4. Second connecting bracket; 5. Leveling mechanism; 6. Spherical groove; 7. Protective mechanism; 8. Level measuring instrument; 9. Bracket; 501. Fixing block; 502. First tension spring; 503. Handle; 504. Pressing block; 505. Second tension spring; 506. First abutment block; 507. First slider; 508. Second abutment block; 509. Second slider; 510. Third tension spring; 511. Fourth tension spring; 512. Second rotating shaft; 513. Leveling frame; 514. Leveling ball; 701. Locking rod; 702. Slide groove; 703. Slide rod; 704. Limiting block; 705. Fifth tension spring; 706. Locking ring; 707. Reset rod; 708. Protective plate. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top surface," "bottom surface," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated position or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish an entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not require or imply any actual relationship, order, or relative importance between these entities or operations.

[0035] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-2 , Figure 8-9 A surveying level measuring instrument includes a mounting platform 1, a first mounting frame 2 fixedly connected to the top of the mounting platform 1, a first rotating shaft 3 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first mounting frame 2, a second connecting frame 4 rotatably connected to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3, a spherical groove 6 opened on the top of the mounting platform 1, a level measuring instrument 8 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the level frame 513, and multiple brackets 9 hinged to the bottom of the mounting platform 1.

[0036] When a levelness measurement of the ground is required, the user places the device in the area to be measured. Then, by opening multiple supports 9, the contact area between the device and the ground is expanded. Next, the sleeves inside the supports 9 are extended according to the required measurement height, making it more adaptable to different terrains. The device is then placed in the measurement area, and the initial installation is completed by ensuring the bottoms of the multiple supports 9 contact the ground. The protective plates 708 are then manually rotated downwards. The reset rod 707 is then manually pressed, causing the locking rod 701 to slide inside the mounting platform 1. Simultaneously, the fifth tension spring 705 continues to stretch. The force generated by the stretching will continuously apply tension to the locking rod 701, while the sliding rod 703 slides along the inner wall of the sliding groove 702, causing the sliding groove 702 to slide downward with the limiting block 704. When it slides to a certain position, the other end of the locking rod 701 will engage in the corresponding slot at the bottom of the locking ring 706, and then the locking rod 701 will be locked, thus completing the limiting of the locking rod 701. At this time, the bottom of the limiting block 704 will engage in the corresponding slot on the side wall of the protective plate 708, thus completing the fixing of the protective plate 708. By locking multiple protective plates 708 in the position below the installation platform 1, the measurement work will not be hindered, thus completing the installation work before measurement.

[0037] Example 2, please refer to Figure 3-7 Based on Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the side wall of the second connecting frame 4 is provided with a leveling mechanism 5 so that the measuring instrument can be quickly leveled and locked during measurement.

[0038] The leveling mechanism 5 includes a fixed block 501, and a first tension spring 502 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed block 501. A handle 503 is fixedly connected to the side of the first tension spring 502 away from the fixed block 501, and a pressing block 504 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the handle 503. Second tension springs 505 are fixedly connected to the corresponding two side walls of the fixed block 501. One end of the second tension spring 505 away from the fixed block 501 is fixedly connected to a first abutment 506, and the other end of the second tension spring 505 away from the fixed block 501 is fixedly connected to a second abutment 508. A first slider 507 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second connecting frame 4, and the end of the first slider 507 corresponds to the inclined surface of the end of the first abutment 506. A second slider 509 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second connecting frame 4, and the end of the second slider 509 corresponds to the end of the second abutment 508. The end slopes of the two sliders are corresponding to each other. The outer wall of the second slider 509 is fixedly connected to the third tension spring 510, and the end of the third tension spring 510 that is away from the second slider 509 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting frame 4. The outer wall of the first slider 507 is fixedly connected to the fourth tension spring 511, and the end of the fourth tension spring 511 that is away from the first slider 507 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting frame 4. The corresponding two side walls of the second connecting frame 4 are rotatably connected to the second rotating shaft 512. The two second rotating shafts 512 are fixedly connected to the horizontal frame 513, and the bottom center of the horizontal frame 513 is fixedly connected to the leveling ball 514 by a pull rope. The end of the first slider 507 corresponds to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 512, and the end of the second slider 509 corresponds to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3. The leveling ball 514 extends into the interior of the spherical groove 6 by a pull rope.

[0039] After installation, the leveling instrument 8 needs to be leveled before measurement. Then, by pulling the handle 503, the pressing block 504 is moved outwards. During this process, the first tension spring 502 is stretched, continuously applying a pulling force to the handle 503. As the pressing block 504 moves outwards, the second tension spring 505 pulls the corresponding first abutment 506 and second abutment 508 towards the fixed block 501. After the first abutment 506 slides, the first slider 507 is no longer limited by the first abutment 506, and the first slider 507 slides upwards due to the pulling force of the fourth tension spring 511. When sliding, the bottom of the 07 slides away from the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 512. At this time, the second rotating shaft 512 is no longer limited and can rotate automatically. By fixing the level measuring instrument 8 on the level frame 513, the level frame 513 provides tension to the leveling ball 514 through the pull rope. Then, the leveling ball 514 pulls the level frame 513 around the second rotating shaft 512 by gravity, so that the level frame 513 can provide lateral balance for the level measuring instrument 8 after rotation. At the same time, after sliding, the second slider 509 is no longer limited by the second abutment 508. Then, the tension of the third tension spring 510 drives the second slider 509 to rotate. Sliding slider 509 slides outward. When the second slider 509 slides, its end will disengage from the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3. At this time, the first rotating shaft 3 is no longer limited and can rotate automatically. Then, the leveling ball 514 will pull the second connecting frame 4 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 3 by gravity. After rotation, the second connecting frame 4 will provide longitudinal balance for the level measuring instrument 8, thus completing the leveling work of the level measuring instrument 8. Then, the pull of the handle 503 is released, and the first tension spring 502 will drive the pressing block 504 to move. Then, the inclined surface of the pressing block 504 will squeeze the first abutment block 506 and the second abutment block 508 during the movement. The pressure causes the first abutment 506 to drive the first slider 507 to press against the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 512, preventing the first rotating shaft 3 from rotating. At the same time, the second abutment 508 drives the second slider 509 to press against the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3, preventing the second rotating shaft 512 from rotating. At this time, the leveling mechanism 5 can no longer move the level measuring instrument 8, thus completing the rapid leveling of the level measuring instrument 8. After leveling, the first rotating shaft 3 and the second rotating shaft 512 can be locked directly, thereby keeping the level measuring instrument 8 stable during the measurement process, preventing the level measuring instrument 8 from tilting during the measurement process, and ensuring the accuracy of the measurement process.

[0040] Example 3, please refer to Figure 8-9 Based on Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the spherical groove 6 is provided with a protective mechanism 7 so as to automatically protect the measuring instrument when the equipment tilts and falls.

[0041] The protective mechanism 7 includes a locking rod 701, with a sliding groove 702 extending through the side wall of the locking rod 701. A sliding rod 703 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove 702, and a limit block 704 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod 703. A fifth tension spring 705 is fixedly connected to one end of the locking rod 701, and the end of the fifth tension spring 705 that is away from the locking rod 701 is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting platform 1. A locking ring 706 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spherical groove 6, and a bottom opening of the locking ring 706 is provided with... A slot is formed that engages with the end of the locking rod 701. The outer wall of the locking rod 701 is slidably connected inside the mounting platform 1. A reset rod 707 is fixedly connected to the end of the locking rod 701 that is away from the locking ring 706. The outer wall of the reset rod 707 is slidably connected inside the mounting platform 1. A protective plate 708 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mounting platform 1 at the position corresponding to the limiting block 704 via a torsion spring. A slot is formed on the side wall of the protective plate 708 that engages with the end of the limiting block 704.

[0042] During measurement, the equipment may be placed in the measurement area for an extended period, potentially leading to accidental collisions and tilting / falling. In this case, the leveling ball 514, suspended inside the spherical groove 6, will roll along the inner wall of the spherical groove 6 when the equipment tilts. After rolling a certain distance, it will impact the locking ring 706. Upon impact, the locking ring 706 will slide away from the locking rod 701 along the inner wall of the spherical groove 6, disengaging from the locking rod 701. At this point, the end of the locking rod 701 will no longer engage with the locking ring 706, and then the fifth tension spring 705 will... The tension is applied to reset the system, causing the locking rod 701 to slide into the mounting platform 1. Simultaneously, it slides along the sliding rod 703 via the sliding groove 702, thereby causing the limiting block 704 to slide upward. After the limiting block 704 slides, it disengages from the protective plate 708. At this point, the protective plate 708 is no longer limited by the locking block 704, and is thus rotated by the torsion spring at the connection point with the mounting platform 1. Then, multiple protective plates 708 will quickly rotate upward. After the multiple protective plates 708 have rotated, they can surround the perimeter of the second connecting frame 4, thereby protecting the level measuring instrument 8 and effectively preventing damage to the level measuring instrument 8 from subsequent falls.

[0043] The measurement method of this invention is as follows: Before measurement, the leveling instrument 8 needs to be leveled. Then, by pulling the handle 503, the pressing block 504 is moved outward. During this process, the first tension spring 502 is stretched, thus continuously applying a pulling force to the handle 503. When the pressing block 504 moves outward, the second tension spring 505 will drive the corresponding first abutment 506 and second abutment 508 at its end to pull towards the fixed block 501. After the first abutment 506 slides, the first slider 507 is no longer limited by the first abutment 506, and then it will be pulled by the fourth tension spring 511. The force drives the first slider 507 to slide upwards. When the first slider 507 slides, its bottom disengages from the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 512. At this time, the second rotating shaft 512 is no longer limited and can rotate automatically. The level measuring instrument 8 is fixedly mounted on the leveling frame 513. Simultaneously, the leveling frame 513 provides tension to the leveling ball 514 via a pull rope. Then, the leveling ball 514, through gravity, pulls the leveling frame 513 to rotate around the second rotating shaft 512. This rotation allows the leveling frame 513 to provide lateral balance for the level measuring instrument 8. Simultaneously, the second abutment 508, after sliding, further... When the second slider 509 is no longer limited by the second stop block 508, the second slider 509 is then driven to slide outward by the pulling force of the third tension spring 510. When the second slider 509 slides, its end will disengage from the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3. At this time, the first rotating shaft 3 is no longer limited and can then rotate automatically. Then, the leveling ball 514 will pull the second connecting frame 4 to rotate around the first rotating shaft 3 by gravity. After the second connecting frame 4 rotates, it will provide longitudinal balance for the level measuring instrument 8. At this time, the leveling work of the level measuring instrument 8 is completed. Then, the pull of the handle 503 is released, and then... The first tension spring 502 will drive the pressing block 504 to move. Then, the inclined surface of the pressing block 504 will press the first abutment block 506 and the second abutment block 508 during the movement. This will cause the first abutment block 506 to drive the first slider 507 to press the outer wall of the second rotating shaft 3, so that the first rotating shaft 3 can no longer rotate. At the same time, the second abutment block 508 will drive the second slider 509 to press the outer wall of the first rotating shaft 3, so that the second rotating shaft 512 can no longer rotate. At this time, the leveling mechanism 5 can no longer drive the level measuring instrument 8 to move, thus completing the rapid leveling work of the level measuring instrument 8.

[0044] During measurement, the equipment may be placed in the measurement area for an extended period, potentially leading to accidental collisions and tilting / falling. In this case, the leveling ball 514, suspended inside the spherical groove 6, will roll along the inner wall of the spherical groove 6 when the equipment tilts. After rolling a certain distance, it will impact the locking ring 706. Upon impact, the locking ring 706 will slide away from the locking rod 701 along the inner wall of the spherical groove 6, disengaging from the locking rod 701. At this point, the end of the locking rod 701 will no longer engage with the locking ring 706, and then the fifth tension spring 705 will... The tension is applied to reset the system, causing the locking rod 701 to slide into the mounting platform 1. Simultaneously, it slides along the sliding rod 703 via the sliding groove 702, which in turn causes the limiting block 704 to slide upward. After the limiting block 704 slides, it disengages from the protective plate 708. At this point, the protective plate 708 is no longer limited by the locking block 704, and is thus rotated by the torsion spring at the connection point with the mounting platform 1. Then, multiple protective plates 708 will quickly rotate upward. After the multiple protective plates 708 have rotated, they can surround the perimeter of the second connecting frame 4, thereby protecting the level measuring instrument 8 and effectively preventing damage to the level measuring instrument 8 from subsequent falls.

[0045] It should be noted that all the devices in this application are common devices on the market, and can be selected according to the needs of specific use. The circuit connection relationship of each device is a simple series and parallel connection circuit. There is no innovation in the circuit connection part. Those skilled in the art can easily implement it. It belongs to the prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0046] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A surveying level measuring instrument, comprising a mounting platform (1), characterized in that, The top of the installation platform (1) is fixedly connected to a first mounting bracket (2), and the side wall of the first mounting bracket (2) is fixedly connected to a first rotating shaft (3). The outer wall of the first rotating shaft (3) is rotatably connected to a second connecting bracket (4). A spherical groove (6) is opened on the top of the installation platform (1). The side wall of the second connecting frame (4) is provided with a leveling mechanism (5) to quickly level and lock the measuring instrument during measurement. The inner wall of the spherical groove (6) is provided with a protective mechanism (7) to automatically protect the measuring instrument when the equipment tilts and falls. The corresponding two side walls of the second connecting frame (4) are rotatably connected with a second rotating shaft (512), and a horizontal frame (513) is fixedly connected between the two second rotating shafts (512). The bottom center of the horizontal frame (513) is fixedly connected with a leveling ball (514) by a pull rope. The leveling ball (514) extends into the interior of the spherical groove (6) via a pull rope; The protective mechanism (7) includes a snap-fit ​​rod (701), and a sliding groove (702) is provided through the side wall of the snap-fit ​​rod (701). A sliding rod (703) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (702), and a limit block (704) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sliding rod (703). A fifth tension spring (705) is fixedly connected to one end of the snap-fit ​​rod (701), and the end of the fifth tension spring (705) that is away from the snap-fit ​​rod (701) is fixedly connected to the inside of the mounting platform (1). A snap-fit ​​ring (706) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spherical groove (6), and a snap-fit ​​groove is provided at the bottom of the snap-fit ​​ring (706) to snap into the end of the snap-fit ​​rod (701). The outer wall of the snap-fit ​​rod (701) is slidably connected through the interior of the mounting platform (1). A reset rod (707) is fixedly connected to the end of the snap-fit ​​rod (701) that is away from the snap-fit ​​ring (706). The outer wall of the reset rod (707) is slidably connected through the interior of the mounting platform (1). A protective plate (708) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the mounting platform (1) at the position corresponding to the limiting block (704) via a torsion spring. The side wall of the protective plate (708) has a slot that engages with the end of the limiting block (704).

2. The surveying leveling instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leveling mechanism (5) includes a fixed block (501), and a first tension spring (502) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed block (501). A handle (503) is fixedly connected to the side of the first tension spring (502) that is away from the fixed block (501), and a pressing block (504) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the handle (503). A second tension spring (505) is fixedly connected to each of the two corresponding side walls of the fixed block (501). A first abutment (506) is fixedly connected to the end of one of the second tension springs (505) that is away from the fixed block (501), and a second abutment (508) is fixedly connected to the end of the other second tension spring (505) that is away from the fixed block (501).

3. A surveying leveling instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the second connecting frame (4) is slidably connected to a first slider (507), and the end of the first slider (507) corresponds to the end slope of the first abutment (506). The inner wall of the second connecting frame (4) is slidably connected to a second slider (509), and the end of the second slider (509) corresponds to the end slope of the second abutment (508). The outer wall of the second slider (509) is fixedly connected to a third tension spring (510), and the end of the third tension spring (510) that is away from the second slider (509) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second connecting frame (4). The outer wall of the first slider (507) is fixedly connected to a fourth tension spring (511), and the end of the fourth tension spring (511) that is away from the first slider (507) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting frame (4).

4. A surveying leveling instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the first slider (507) corresponds to the outer wall of the second rotating shaft (512), and the end of the second slider (509) corresponds to the outer wall of the first rotating shaft (3).

5. A surveying leveling instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that, A level measuring instrument (8) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the horizontal frame (513), and multiple supports (9) are hinged to the bottom of the installation platform (1).

6. A measurement method for a surveying level instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Installation: Open the bracket (9) to expand the contact surface, extend the sleeve to adapt to the terrain, place the equipment in the measurement area, manually rotate the protective plate (708), press the reset rod (707), the snap rod (701) slides, the fifth tension spring (705) stretches and applies force, the slide rod (703) slides along the slide groove (702), the limit block (704) slides down, the snap rod (701) engages the snap ring (706), the protective plate (708) is fixed below the installation platform (1), and the installation before measurement is completed; S2: Leveling Measurement: By pulling the handle (503), the squeezing block (504) is moved, stretching the first tension spring (502). The squeezing block (504) moves, causing the first abutment block (506) and the second abutment block (508) to slide, releasing the limit on the first slider (507) and the second slider (509). After the first slider (507) and the second slider (509) slide, the second rotating shaft (512) and the first rotating shaft (3) can rotate freely. The horizontal frame (513) rotates around the second rotating shaft (512) as the axis, providing lateral balance for the level measuring instrument (8). The second connecting frame (4) rotates around the first rotating shaft (3) as the axis, providing longitudinal balance, thereby completing the rapid leveling. Then, the handle (503) is released to lock the second rotating shaft (512) and the first rotating shaft (3). S3: Fall protection: The leveling ball (514) is suspended in the spherical groove (6). When the equipment is tilted, it can roll and impact the locking ring (706). The locking ring (706) slides away from the locking rod (701) due to the impact. The fifth tension spring (705) returns to its original position and drives the locking rod (701) to slide. The slide groove (702) slides along the slide rod (703). The limit block (704) slides up and away from the protective plate (708). Then the protective plate (708) is no longer restricted. The torsion spring drives it to rotate quickly upward and surround the second connecting frame (4) to protect the level measuring instrument (8).

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