Long-term monitoring method and device for underground water level based on embedded micro-sensor array

Abstract

The present invention discloses a long-term underground water level monitoring method and device based on an embedded micro-sensor array. The method includes: embedding at least one group of micro-sensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, where the micro-sensor array includes sensors for soil humidity, temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics, and precipitation; monitoring the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period through the micro-sensor array, and the soil parameters include soil humidity, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; inputting the soil parameters and auxiliary information in the preset time period into the underground water level dynamic model to calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the underground water level in the area to be monitored; the underground water level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The underground water level dynamic model in the present invention combines the saturated zone sub-model and the unsaturated zone sub-model, and can more accurately calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the underground water level in the area to be monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of groundwater level detection, and particularly relates to a long-term monitoring method and device for groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, and a computing device. Background Art

[0002] Groundwater level monitoring is of great significance for preventing geological disasters, protecting water environment, ensuring the safety of underground projects, etc.

[0003] At present, groundwater level monitoring mainly relies on float-type water level gauges and pressure-sensing water level meters. Among them, the float-type water level gauge measures the water level through the buoyancy change of the float in water. Due to being easily affected by the inclination of the borehole, the measurement accuracy is limited. In addition, the installation and maintenance of the float-type water level gauge are relatively complex, and it is not easy to achieve remote real-time monitoring. The pressure-sensing water level meter calculates the groundwater level depth by measuring the groundwater pressure. Although it improves the automation degree of measurement to a certain extent, it is still easily affected by the groundwater flow and density change, thus affecting the accuracy of the measurement result. At the same time, the pressure-sensing water level meter is relatively complex in layout and calibration.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a more efficient and accurate groundwater level monitoring method. The present invention proposes a long-term monitoring method for groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array to improve the accuracy and convenience of groundwater level monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a long-term monitoring method and device for groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, and a computing device, which can overcome the problem of relatively low accuracy of the above-mentioned groundwater level monitoring.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a long-term monitoring method for groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, including:

[0007] Embedding at least one group of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil humidity measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor;

[0008] Monitoring the soil parameters of the area to be monitored during a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil humidity, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation;

[0009] Input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model, and calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; wherein, the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0010] In an alternative manner, the auxiliary information includes the evaporation amount, surface runoff, area of the monitoring area, and average thickness of the monitoring area in the area to be monitored.

[0011] In an alternative manner, further calculating the rise and fall amplitude and change rate of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored includes:

[0012] Calculate the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored according to soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor, and reference temperature;

[0013] Calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level according to the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, precipitation, surface runoff, area of the monitoring area, and average thickness of the monitoring area.

[0014] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored is:

[0015]

[0016] Wherein, is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone; is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth at the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the hydraulic head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

[0017] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone is:

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; is at depth and time the soil moisture at; is the change rate of soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone over time; is the precipitation; is the surface runoff.

[0020] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level is:

[0021]

[0022] wherein, is the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in moisture storage in the saturated zone, ; is the area of the monitoring region covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the monitoring region; is at time the moisture flux entering the saturated zone, , is the precipitation, is the surface runoff; is at time the moisture flux flowing out of the saturated zone; and are the start time and the current time of the monitoring respectively.

[0023] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the moisture flux flowing out of the saturated zone is:

[0024]

[0025] wherein, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; is the height of the groundwater level in the saturated zone at time; is the height of the groundwater table.

[0026] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone is:

[0027]

[0028] wherein, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; is time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on an embedded microsensor array, comprising:

[0030] A microsensor array setting module for embedding at least one set of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored respectively, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor;

[0031] A soil parameter monitoring module for monitoring soil parameters of the area to be monitored during a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation;

[0032] A water level rise and fall calculation module for inputting the soil parameters and auxiliary information during the preset time period into a groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the water level rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0033] According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computing device, comprising: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, and the processor, the memory, and the communication interface complete communication with each other through the communication bus;

[0034] The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction causes the processor to perform operations corresponding to the above-mentioned long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array.

[0035] According to the solution provided by the present invention, at least one set of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored. Among them, the microsensor array includes a soil humidity measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period are monitored through the microsensor array, where the soil parameters include soil humidity, soil temperature, the propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; the soil parameters and auxiliary information in the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; where the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor various soil parameters through the microsensor arrays embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer, and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments. By combining real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, and using the groundwater level dynamic model including the saturated zone sub-model and the unsaturated zone sub-model, the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level can be calculated, improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0036] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the specific implementation manners of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0037] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. And throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0038] Figure 1 It shows a schematic flowchart of the long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It shows a schematic underground setting diagram of the embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of the change in groundwater level according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the long-term groundwater level monitoring device of the embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present invention can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0044] Figure 1 A flowchart showing the long-term monitoring method for groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, it includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S101, embed at least one group of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored. Among them, the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, by embedding the sensor arrays in different geological layers such as the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer, the geological characteristics and water level changes of each layer can be monitored respectively. The microsensor array is transmitted to the central server through a communication module on the ground (such as ZigBee, CAN bus, etc.) to realize remote real-time monitoring of the groundwater level.

[0047] Among them, the soil moisture measurement sensor monitors the water content in the soil in real time and can be used to evaluate natural disasters such as groundwater level changes, droughts, or floods. The temperature measurement sensor monitors the underground temperature to understand the soil heat conduction characteristics and the health status of the underground ecosystem. The electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor infers the soil structure, water content, and the presence of underground obstacles by measuring the propagation speed and attenuation characteristics of electromagnetic waves in the soil. The precipitation measurement sensor is used to measure precipitation. The installation positions of the sensors are shown in Table 1:

[0048] Table 1

[0049]

[0050] In Table 1, the electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensors are arranged at the interlayer interfaces according to the monitoring requirements.

[0051] Step S102, monitor the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period through the microsensor array, where the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation.

[0052] In this embodiment, each sensor is connected through a data acquisition module, and data is collected once per hour or every half hour. The collected data is transmitted to a remote server through LoRa, Wi-Fi, or GPRS.

[0053] Step S103: Input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; wherein, the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0054] In this embodiment, the saturated zone sub-model considers the influence of parameters such as the permeability coefficient and storage coefficient of groundwater in soil based on the basic principles of Darcy's law and the continuity equation, and is used to describe the flow process of groundwater in saturated soil. The advantage of the saturated zone sub-model is that it can accurately simulate the flow velocity and direction of groundwater in the saturated state and the dynamic changes of the groundwater level. The unsaturated zone sub-model considers the influence of processes such as diffusion, convection, and adsorption of soil moisture based on the basic principles of the Richards equation, and is used to describe the movement and storage process of soil moisture in the unsaturated state. The advantage of the unsaturated zone sub-model is that it can describe in detail the distribution and dynamic change process of soil moisture and the influence of soil moisture on processes such as soil erosion. By integrating the saturated zone and the unsaturated zone, the flow and storage process of groundwater in soil can be described more accurately. Combining soil parameters and auxiliary information can more comprehensively reflect the dynamic changes of the groundwater level.

[0055] In this embodiment, the auxiliary information includes the evaporation amount, surface runoff, area of the monitoring area, and average thickness of the monitoring area in the area to be monitored.

[0056] Specifically, the evaporation amount data that meets the geographical location and time range is obtained by accessing the meteorological data platform or the website of the meteorological department. The flow rate, water level and other parameters are obtained through the data of the hydrological monitoring station to estimate the surface runoff. The area of the monitoring area and the average thickness of the monitoring area are obtained through existing geological exploration data or borehole data.

[0057] In an alternative way, the calculation of the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored further includes:

[0058] Calculate the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored according to soil humidity, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor, and reference temperature;

[0059] Calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level according to the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone, precipitation, surface runoff, area of the monitoring area, and average thickness of the monitoring area.

[0060] For example, for the farmland area to be monitored, the soil moisture in this area is 25% (volumetric water content), the soil temperature is 20 °C, the electromagnetic wave propagation loss is 0.1 dB / m, the temperature correction factor is 1.05 (indicating the influence of temperature on water movement), and the reference temperature is 25 °C. The precipitation in this area is 500 mm / year, the surface runoff is 100 mm / year, the area of the monitoring area is 1000 m², and the average thickness is 5 m. Based on the soil moisture and soil temperature data, combined with the electromagnetic wave propagation loss and the temperature correction factor, the water content in the soil is calculated to be 0.25 m³ / m³ (i.e., 25% volumetric water content). Using Darcy's law or similar hydrological principles, the water flux in the soil is calculated to be 10 -5 m / s. If the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone is 50% of the above-mentioned soil water flux, then the water flux from the unsaturated zone to the saturated zone is 5×10 -6 m / s. Combining data such as precipitation, surface runoff, the area and average thickness of the monitoring area, the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level is calculated to be 0.1 m.

[0061] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the water flux of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored is:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein, is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone; is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth at the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the hydraulic head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

[0064] In this embodiment, through the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone and the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone, the change of the water flux of the groundwater level can be more accurately described. Soil moisture, soil temperature, unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, etc. are all dynamic parameters that change with time and can reflect the real-time change of the water flux of the groundwater level.

[0065] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the moisture exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone is:

[0066]

[0067] where is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at depth and time ; is the change rate of the soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone with respect to time; is the precipitation; is the surface runoff.

[0068] In this embodiment, through multiple factors such as the change in the soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone, precipitation, and surface runoff, the moisture exchange situation between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone can be more comprehensively reflected. The change in the soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone can be accurately calculated through integral operation, thereby obtaining a more accurate moisture exchange flux. By analyzing the time series data of the moisture exchange flux, the impact on the groundwater level change can be evaluated. If the moisture exchange flux is large, the groundwater level rises or falls rapidly.

[0069] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level is:

[0070]

[0071] where is the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in moisture storage in the saturated zone, ; is the area of the monitoring region covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the monitoring region; is the moisture flow rate into the saturated zone at time ; , is the precipitation, is the surface runoff; is the moisture flow rate out of the saturated zone at time ; and are the start time and the current time of the monitoring, respectively.

[0072] In an alternative manner, the calculation formula for the moisture flow rate out of the saturated zone is:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; is the height of the groundwater level in the saturated zone at time is the height of the groundwater table.

[0075] In this embodiment, not only the current height of the groundwater level in the saturated zone is considered, but also the dynamic change of the groundwater level is considered through the time derivative term, which can more accurately predict the moisture flow out of the saturated zone.

[0076] In an alternative way, the calculation formula for the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone is:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; is time the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone at time is time the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone at time

[0079] In this embodiment, the entire soil layer from the top to the bottom of the unsaturated zone is considered to ensure a comprehensive calculation of the change in moisture storage and avoid errors caused by ignoring a certain part of the soil layer.

[0080] As shown in Table 2, the calculation process or steps for the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored in this embodiment are given.

[0081] Table 2

[0082]

[0083] As Figure 3 shown is the change diagram of the groundwater level and precipitation from May 17th to May 27th. The value of the groundwater level starts from 5 / 24 and gradually rises to about 53 mm.

[0084] According to the solution provided by the present invention, at least one set of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored. Among them, the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period are monitored through the microsensor array, where the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, the propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; the soil parameters and auxiliary information in the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; among them, the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor various soil parameters through the microsensor arrays embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer, and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments. By combining real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, and using the groundwater level dynamic model including the saturated zone sub-model and the unsaturated zone sub-model, the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level can be calculated, improving the monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0085] Figure 4 The structural schematic diagram of the long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on the embedded microsensor array according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown. The long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on the embedded microsensor array includes:

[0086] The microsensor array setting module 410 is used to respectively embed at least one set of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored. Among them, the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor;

[0087] The soil parameter monitoring module 420 is used to monitor the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period through the microsensor array, where the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, the propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation;

[0088] The water level rising and falling calculation module 430 is used to input the soil parameters and auxiliary information in the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rising and falling amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; among them, the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model.

[0089] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the computing device embodiment of the present invention is shown. The specific implementation of the computing device is not limited in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Such as Figure 5As shown, the computing device may include: a processor 502, a communications interface 504, a memory 506, and a communication bus 508.

[0091] Among them: The processor 502, the communications interface 504, and the memory 506 communicate with each other through the communication bus 508. The communications interface 504 is used to communicate with network elements of other devices such as clients or other servers. The processor 502 is used to execute the program 510, and specifically can execute the relevant steps in the above-mentioned embodiments of the long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on the embedded microsensor array.

[0092] Specifically, the program 510 may include program code, and the program code includes computer operation instructions.

[0093] The processor 502 may be a central processing unit CPU, or a specific integrated circuit ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. One or more processors included in the computing device may be of the same type of processor, such as one or more CPUs; or may be of different types of processors, such as one or more CPUs and one or more ASICs.

[0094] The memory 506 is used to store the program 510. The memory 506 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.

[0095] According to the solution provided by the present invention, at least one set of microsensor arrays are respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored. Among them, the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; the soil parameters of the area to be monitored in a preset time period are monitored through the microsensor array, where the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, the propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; the soil parameters and auxiliary information in the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model to calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level in the area to be monitored; among them, the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated zone sub-model and an unsaturated zone sub-model. The present invention can more conveniently monitor various soil parameters through the microsensor arrays embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer, and can flexibly adapt to various complex geological environments. By combining real-time monitoring data and auxiliary information, and using the groundwater level dynamic model including the saturated zone sub-model and the unsaturated zone sub-model, the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level can be calculated, improving the monitoring efficiency and monitoring accuracy.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the devices in the embodiments can be adaptively changed and set in one or more devices different from this embodiment. The modules or units or components in the embodiments can be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all the features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all the processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless otherwise clearly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) can be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that although some of the embodiments herein include certain features included in other embodiments rather than other features, the combination of the features of different embodiments means that it is within the scope of the present invention and forms different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination. The present invention can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a properly programmed computer. In the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices can be embodied by the same hardware item. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be construed as a limitation on the execution order.

Claims

1. A method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on an embedded microsensor array, characterized in that: include: At least one set of micro sensor arrays is respectively embedded in the clay layer, gravel layer and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the micro sensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor and a precipitation measurement sensor; Monitoring soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period by the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period are input into the groundwater level dynamic model, and the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the monitored area is calculated according to soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor and reference temperature; the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level is calculated according to the moisture flux from the unsaturated area to the saturated area, precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitored area and the average thickness of the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated area sub-model and an unsaturated area sub-model; the calculation formula of the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the monitored area is: in, is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone; is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth of the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

2. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary information includes evaporation of the area to be monitored, surface runoff, the area of ​​the area to be monitored, and the average thickness of the area to be monitored.

3. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone is: in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For the depth and time Soil moisture at 100°C; is the rate of change of soil moisture storage in the unsaturated zone over time; is the precipitation; It is surface runoff.

4. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the rise and fall of the groundwater level is: in, is the change in water storage in the unsaturated zone; is the change in water storage in the saturated zone, ; is the area to be monitored covered by the microsensor array; is the average thickness of the area to be monitored; For in time The water flow rate entering the saturated zone is , is the precipitation, It is surface runoff; For in time The water flow rate out of the saturated zone at time t and They are the start time and current time of monitoring respectively.

5. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the water flow rate out of the saturated zone is: in, is the saturated hydraulic conductivity; for Time: height of groundwater level in the saturated zone; is the height of groundwater table.

6. The method for long-term monitoring of groundwater level based on embedded microsensor array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the change in moisture storage in the unsaturated zone is: in, is the top depth of the unsaturated zone; is the bottom depth of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; For time Soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone.

7. A long-term groundwater level monitoring device based on an embedded microsensor array, characterized in that: include: A microsensor array setting module is used to embed at least one group of microsensor arrays in the clay layer, gravel layer, and sedimentary rock layer of the area to be monitored, wherein the microsensor array includes a soil moisture measurement sensor, a temperature measurement sensor, an electromagnetic wave propagation characteristic measurement sensor, and a precipitation measurement sensor; A soil parameter monitoring module, used to monitor the soil parameters of the monitored area in a preset time period through the microsensor array, wherein the soil parameters include soil moisture, soil temperature, propagation loss of electromagnetic waves in the soil, and precipitation; The water level rise and fall calculation module is used to input the soil parameters and auxiliary information of the preset time period into the groundwater level dynamic model, and calculate the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the monitored area according to soil moisture, soil temperature, electromagnetic wave propagation loss, temperature correction factor and reference temperature; calculate the rise and fall amplitude of the groundwater level according to the moisture flux from the unsaturated area to the saturated area, precipitation, surface runoff, the area of ​​the monitored area, and the average thickness of the monitored area; wherein the groundwater level dynamic model is a combined model including a saturated area sub-model and an unsaturated area sub-model; the calculation formula of the moisture flux of the groundwater level in the monitored area is: in, is the water exchange flux in the unsaturated zone; is the water exchange flux between the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone, ; is the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil moisture at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the soil temperature at the bottom of the unsaturated zone; is the depth of the bottom of the unsaturated zone, is the current time; is the head gradient; , is the hydraulic conductivity, is the soil index, is the temperature correction factor, , is the influence coefficient of temperature on hydraulic conductivity, is the reference temperature.

8. A computing device, characterized in that include: A processor, a memory, a communication interface and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory and the communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction, and the executable instruction enables the processor to execute operations corresponding to the long-term groundwater level monitoring method based on an embedded microsensor array as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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