Unmanned aerial vehicle impact human body blunt injury test device and test and evaluation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle impact human body blunt injury evaluation test device which comprises a base frame, a launching clamping unit, a module person supporting mechanism, a data acquisition and analysis system and a module person. The base frame is used for supporting the launching clamping unit; the launching clamping unit is used for clamping and launching the unmanned aerial vehicle; the module person supporting mechanism and the launching clamping unit are correspondingly arranged, and the module person supporting mechanism is used for clamping a module person; the data acquisition and analysis system is electrically connected with the launching clamping unit and the module person supporting mechanism, and is used for acquiring flight data of the unmanned aerial vehicle and performing data analysis; the module person supporting mechanism can adjust the posture of the module person, so that the head or chest of the module person directly faces the unmanned aerial vehicle; and the data acquisition and analysis system can acquire parameter data of module persons. The safety influence of unmanned aerial vehicle collision on the human body can be conveniently and quickly judged, and multi-level injury assessment can be carried out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of drones, and in particular relates to a test device, a test method and an evaluation method for blunt injury caused by drones impacting human body. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of drone technology, civilian light and small drones have become the largest category in the drone market, and their applications are gradually becoming popular and diversified. This type of drone mainly operates in medium-low and ultra-low altitude airspace, and is widely used in agriculture, logistics, security, surveying and mapping and other fields. However, with its popularity in cities and densely populated environments, due to the reliability issues of the drone system itself and the imperfections of relevant regulations, a large number of collisions between light and small drones and personnel, high-value objects on the ground and other airspace aircraft have occurred around the world.

[0003] The injuries caused by drone collisions with the human body are mainly divided into two categories: blunt trauma and sharp trauma. Blunt trauma refers to injuries caused by blunt impacts. Blunt injuries caused by civilian light and small drones are mainly caused by mechanical external forces acting on the human body. Studies have shown that human injuries caused by drone collisions are mostly concentrated in the upper body, especially the head, neck and chest injuries are the most serious and common. There are significant differences in the nature and degree of different injury sites, which makes it particularly complicated to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the injuries caused by drone collisions.

[0004] At present, the measurement means and experimental methods for blunt trauma are still insufficient. The main reason is that the existing methods cannot simulate the actual working conditions during the actual drone collision process, and there is a lack of experimental test methods and devices suitable for blunt injuries caused by drones hitting the human body. In addition, the damage caused by drones to the human body during the collision process often involves multiple parts and multiple indicators. The damage to a single part cannot objectively reflect the real damage to the human body.

[0005] Therefore, how to more effectively evaluate blunt force injuries caused by drone impacts on the human body is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a test device, test and evaluation method for blunt injuries caused by drone impacting the human body, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to effectively evaluate blunt injuries caused by drone impacting the human body.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application is: a test device for evaluating blunt injuries caused by unmanned aerial vehicle impacting a human body, comprising a base frame, a launch and clamping unit, a module human support mechanism, a data acquisition and analysis system, and a module human; the base frame is used to support the launch and clamping unit; the launch and clamping unit is used to clamp and launch the unmanned aerial vehicle; the module human support mechanism is arranged corresponding to the launch and clamping unit, and the module human support mechanism is used to clamp the module human; the data acquisition and analysis system is electrically connected to the launch and clamping unit and the module human support mechanism, and is used to collect flight data of the unmanned aerial vehicle and perform data analysis; the module human support mechanism can adjust the posture of the module human so that the head or chest of the module human faces the unmanned aerial vehicle; the data acquisition and analysis system can collect impact data of the module human, and the impact data includes head acceleration, neck load, neck torque, chest displacement, and chest acceleration; The launching and clamping unit comprises an adjustable slide rail, a slide table, an intelligent launching system, an electronic clamp and a UAV fixing platform; the adjustable slide rail is horizontally fixed on the base frame, and the slide table is horizontally slidably connected to the adjustable slide rail; the outer wall of the slide table is connected to the intelligent launching system, and a UAV fixing platform is arranged on the top; the electronic clamp is installed on the UAV fixing platform; the intelligent launching system is used to launch the UAV, the UAV fixing platform is used to fix the UAV, and the electronic clamp is used to monitor the clamping force of the UAV fixing platform on the UAV.

[0008] Preferably, the intelligent launching system comprises a pneumatic launching device and an electric launching device; the pneumatic launching device comprises a cylinder, an air valve and a nozzle; the nozzle can be connected to the slide; the cylinder and the nozzle are connected through an air pipe, and the air valve is connected to the air pipe between the cylinder and the nozzle; The electric launching device comprises an electric motor and a slide rail system; the output end of the electric motor is connected to the slide rail system, and a worm gear transmission mechanism is provided in the slide rail system; the slide rail system can perform telescopic movement under the power of the electric motor; the output end of the slide rail system can be connected to the slide table; When the UAV is light, the pneumatic launching device is connected to the slide; when the UAV is heavy, the electric launching device is connected to the slide.

[0009] Preferably, the electronic clamp includes an adaptive clamping arm, a compression spring and an electronic adjustment device; the electronic adjustment device is fixedly connected to the slide, there are two groups of adaptive clamping arms and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the drone, one end of the adaptive clamping arm is connected to the electronic adjustment device, and the other end is arranged corresponding to the side wall of the drone; one end of the compression spring is connected to the end of the adaptive clamping arm, and the other end is attached to the side wall of the drone; a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electronic adjustment device is provided on the adaptive clamping arm; the electronic adjustment device can drive the adaptive clamping arm to swing, and the swing of the adaptive clamping arm can adjust the compression amount of the compression spring; the drone is placed on the drone fixed platform; an energy absorption buffer device is provided on the base frame, and the energy absorption buffer device includes a buffer plate and a support frame; the support frame is fixedly connected to the base frame, and the buffer plate is made of a multi-stage composite buffer material, and the buffer plate is arranged on the support frame.

[0010] Preferably, a guide mechanism is provided at the position of the base frame corresponding to the slide; the guide mechanism includes a high-precision guide rod, a rigid guide bracket and a fine-tuning bolt; the rigid guide bracket is fixedly connected to the base frame along the length direction of the adjustable slide rail, the guide rod and the rigid guide bracket are slidably matched, and the fine-tuning bolt is threadedly connected between the guide rod and the slide; a slide return mechanism is also provided on the base frame, and the slide return mechanism includes an electric push rod; the electric push rod is arranged at the same height as the slide, and the electric push rod can be against or separated from the side wall of the slide.

[0011] Preferably, the module man supporting mechanism includes a supporting frame, a turntable, an energy absorbing device and a height adjusting device; the supporting frame is arranged on the ground; the upper end of the turntable is connected to the module man, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the supporting frame; the energy absorbing device is arranged above the turntable and vertically connected to the side wall of the supporting frame, and the energy absorbing device is made of composite material; the height adjusting device is vertically connected between the turntable and the ground, and a screw that cooperates with the turntable thread is arranged inside the height adjusting device.

[0012] As a specific implementation, a method for testing blunt injuries caused by a drone hitting a human body includes: Place the base frame on the flat ground in the test area; Select a UAV and, depending on the model of the UAV and the test requirements, choose a pneumatic launcher or an electric launcher connected to the slide; Place the drone to be tested on the drone fixing platform and clamp the drone to be tested using an electronic clamp; Select the module man, install it on the module man support mechanism, and place it at the predetermined impact position. Turn the turntable according to the test requirements to adjust the angle of the module man. The electronic gripper is started to grip the drone, and the clamping force of the current adaptive gripper arm on the drone is monitored by the pressure sensor until the clamping force of the adaptive gripper arm on the drone is within the set range; Set the test parameters of the intelligent launch system, including the launch speed, launch angle and impact target distance of the UAV; set the test parameters of the selected pneumatic launch device or electric launch device; conduct the test, the intelligent launch system drives the UAV to launch, and the UAV impacts the target area preset by the module operator; The data collection and analysis system collects UAV flight data and impact data in real time, including flight speed, impact angle, and impact force data, and sends the UAV flight data to the backend via wireless transmission; The slide return mechanism controls the slide to return to the initial position, ready for the next round of impact test; After all rounds of impact tests are completed, the UAV flight data and impact data are analyzed to evaluate the degree of blunt force injuries caused by the UAV to the human body and generate a test report.

[0013] Preferably, a sensor group is provided to collect impact data, the sensor group is provided in the module man, the sensor group includes a head acceleration sensor, a neck load sensor, a neck torque sensor, a chest displacement sensor, and a chest acceleration sensor; a sensor group acquisition module connected to the sensor group is provided in the module man, the sensor group acquisition module is used to receive parameter data collected by the sensor group; the parameter data collected by the sensor group includes the head acceleration collected by the head acceleration sensor, the neck load collected by the neck load sensor, the neck force collected by the neck torque sensor, the chest displacement collected by the chest displacement sensor, and the chest acceleration collected by the chest acceleration sensor; A phased testing strategy was adopted during the test, including: first conducting a low-speed impact test, and then gradually increasing the speed to conduct medium-speed and high-speed impact tests.

[0014] As a specific implementation, a method for evaluating blunt force injuries caused by a drone hitting a human body includes: Acquire and filter impact data, the impact data including head acceleration, neck load, neck moment, chest displacement and chest acceleration; Setting head injury criteria , neck injury criteria and chest injury criteria , based on the collision data, the module person's head injury evaluation, neck injury evaluation and chest injury evaluation are respectively performed; the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are obtained; Head injury, neck injury and chest injury are divided into four levels and a failed area to form head injury level expressions, neck injury level expressions and chest injury level expressions; the levels of the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are judged respectively by the head injury level expressions, neck injury level expressions and chest injury level expressions; when the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are not in the failed area, the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are added to obtain the blunt injury evaluation of the human body.

[0015] Preferably, the head injury criterion The expression is: ; In the formula, is the calculated value of the head injury index; It is the accumulated acceleration of the head in 3ms; It is the tolerance limit value of head injury index; It is the head's 3ms cumulative acceleration tolerance limit; The neck injury criterion includes comprehensive force , compression force and shear force Comprehensive strength The expression is: ; In the formula, and denote the axial force and bending moment of the upper neck, respectively. and are the critical values ​​of axial force and bending moment, respectively; The chest injury criteria By chest index CTI and viscosity index VC(t) composition; Chest injury criteria for: ; Breast index CTI The expression is: ; Viscosity Index VC(t) The expression is: =

[0016] In the formula, It is the 3ms accumulated synthetic acceleration of the chest; is the maximum deformation of the chest; The 3ms acceleration tolerance limit of the chest is 90g; The limit value of chest deformation is 103mm. is the chest deformation speed; is the chest compression ratio; is the original chest thickness before collision; The amount of chest compression during a collision.

[0017] Preferably, the head injury criterion Divided into 4 safety levels and one failed area; Levels 1-4 are all safe, with Level 1 being the highest safety level; Head injury criteria The expression is:

[0018] The neck injury criteria are divided into 4 safety levels and one failure zone; among them, levels 1-4 are all safe, and level 1 is the highest safety level; The chest injury criteria Divided into 4 safety levels and one failed area; Levels 1-4 are all safe, with Level 1 being the highest safety level; Chest injury criteria The expression is: .

[0019] The drone impact human body blunt injury test device, test and evaluation method of the present application have the following advantages: (1) Establishment of a dedicated experimental device and evaluation method: It can realistically simulate the actual working conditions of a drone impacting a human body, effectively obtain experimental parameter data of blunt force injuries, and establish clear safety level classification standards based on the injury assessment results of different parts of the body. This standard facilitates the rapid determination of the safety impact of drone impacts on the human body, provides a scientific basis for drone safety research, and promotes research progress in related fields.

[0020] (2) Multi-level injury assessment system: The physical quantities such as the module human head collision acceleration, angular velocity, neck collision force and torque obtained from the test can be combined with the existing module human head injury and neck injury criteria to carry out multi-level injury assessment. By comprehensively analyzing the stress conditions of the head, neck and chest, a comprehensive injury assessment system is formed to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the risk of human injury. This method is not only easy to operate, but also highly reliable and can accurately assess the injury of personnel under specific collision conditions.

[0021] (3) Real-time data collection of dynamic monitoring system: The data collection and analysis system can collect data such as acceleration, pressure and displacement in real time during the drone impact process, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the data and providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis. At the same time, advanced algorithms are used to perform intelligent analysis of the collected data, quickly identify potential danger areas, and generate detailed damage assessment reports. This process significantly improves the assessment efficiency and provides strong support for drone safety research.

[0022] (4) Wide applicability and scalability: This method is not only applicable to blunt force injury testing of drones hitting human bodies, but can also be extended to assess head injuries caused by accidental detachment of drone-borne components such as cameras and lithium batteries. This good applicability and scalability make this invention have a wide range of application prospects in drone safety research and related fields, and can meet safety assessment needs in a variety of scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution provided by the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the test device for this application; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the structure of the supporting organizations for this application module; Figure 3 Different head injury criteria for this application Schematic diagram of the corresponding area; Figure 4 This is the head injury index classification area map for this application; Figure 5 This is the neck injury index classification area map for this application; Figure 6 Different chest injury criteria for this application Schematic diagram of the corresponding area; Figure 7 For this application, a chest injury classification area chart is provided; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the classification of head injury indicators for this application; Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the classification of neck injury indicators for this application; Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the chest injury index classification for this application.

[0025] 1. Base frame; 2. Adjustable slide rail; 3. Slide; 4. Intelligent launch system; 5. Electronic clamp; 6. UAV fixing platform; 7. Energy absorption buffer device; 8. Module support mechanism; 81. Support frame; 82. Turntable; 83. Energy absorption device; 84. Height adjustment device; 9. Slide return mechanism; 10. Data acquisition and analysis system; 11. Multi-dimensional anti-collision sensor system; 12. Module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1, a test device for evaluating blunt injuries caused by drone impact on human body, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a base frame 1, a launching and clamping unit, a module man supporting mechanism 8, a data acquisition and analysis system 10 and a module man 12; the base frame 1 is used to support the launching and clamping unit; the launching and clamping unit is used to clamp and launch the UAV; the module man supporting mechanism 8 is arranged corresponding to the launching and clamping unit, and the module man supporting mechanism 8 is used to clamp the module man 12; the data acquisition and analysis system 10 is electrically connected to the launching and clamping unit and the module man supporting mechanism 8, and is used to collect the flight data of the UAV and perform data analysis; the data acquisition and analysis system 10 can collect the impact data of the module man 12, and the impact data includes head acceleration, neck load, neck torque, chest displacement and chest acceleration.

[0028] The launching and clamping unit comprises an adjustable slide rail 2, a slide 3, an intelligent launching system 4, an electronic clamp 5 and a UAV fixing platform 6; the adjustable slide rail 2 is horizontally fixed on the base frame 1, and the slide 3 is horizontally slidably connected to the adjustable slide rail 2; the outer wall of the slide 3 is connected to the intelligent launching system 4, and a UAV fixing platform 6 is arranged on the top; the electronic clamp 5 is installed on the UAV fixing platform 6; the intelligent launching system 4 is used to launch the UAV, the UAV fixing platform 6 is used to fix the UAV, and the electronic clamp 5 is used to monitor the clamping force of the UAV fixing platform 6 on the UAV.

[0029] By setting up a launch clamping unit to clamp the drone, the drone is controlled to be launched according to different working states; then the module man 12 on the module man support mechanism 8 is controlled to be in different postures, so as to simulate the situation that people in different environments and different postures are hit by the drone bluntly; and then the data acquisition and analysis system 10 is used to collect and analyze the impact data, and the blunt impact damage of different types of drones to people is obtained, which can effectively reflect the actual situation of the blunt impact between the drone and the human body.

[0030] Preferably, the adjustable slide rail 2 adopts a modular design, specifically: the adjustable slide rail 2 is provided with multiple slide rails in the length direction, and the adjacent slide rails are detachably connected. The length of the adjustable slide rail 2 is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of sections of the slide rail, allowing flexible adjustment according to the size and weight of different models of drones to adapt to the impact test requirements of various drones, and is equipped with a laser rangefinder to monitor the position of the drone in real time to ensure precise docking.

[0031] Preferably, an intelligent control system is provided on the slide 3, and the intelligent control system can obtain the difference between the current speed of the slide 3 and the set slide speed. The design preferably sets a speed sensor on the slide 3, and the speed sensor is connected to the intelligent launch system 4. The intelligent launch system 4 automatically optimizes the speed, acceleration and impact angle of the slide 3, thereby improving the accuracy and repeatability of the impact simulation.

[0032] Preferably, the intelligent launching system 4 includes a pneumatic launching device and an electric launching device; during use, one of the launching devices is selected for use, and the optimal launching method can be automatically selected according to the weight and material properties of the UAV to ensure the stability and accuracy of the launch.

[0033] The pneumatic launching device includes a cylinder, an air valve and a nozzle; the nozzle can be connected to the slide 3; the cylinder and the nozzle are connected by an air pipe, and the air valve is connected to the air pipe between the cylinder and the nozzle. The electric launching device includes an electric motor and a slide rail system; the output end of the electric motor is connected to the slide rail system, and a worm gear transmission mechanism is provided in the slide rail system; the slide rail system can perform telescopic movement under the power of the electric motor; the output end of the slide rail system can be connected to the slide 3. When the weight of the UAV is light, the pneumatic launching device is connected to the slide 3, and the gas can be quickly released to propel the UAV; when the weight of the UAV is heavy, the electric launching device is connected to the slide 3.

[0034] By setting pneumatic launch devices and electric launch devices with different thrust ranges, the optimal launch method can be automatically selected according to the weight and material properties of the drone to ensure the stability and accuracy of the launch.

[0035] Preferably, the electronic clamp 5 adopts a high-precision design, combined with force feedback technology, to monitor the clamping force in real time, to ensure the clamping accuracy and response speed, to better fix the drone, to avoid displacement during the impact, and to have a fault self-detection function to improve safety.

[0036] The electronic clamp 5 includes an adaptive clamping arm, a compression spring and an electronic adjustment device; the electronic adjustment device is fixedly connected to the slide 3, there are two groups of adaptive clamping arms and they are respectively arranged on both sides of the drone, one end of the adaptive clamping arm is connected to the electronic adjustment device, and the other end is arranged corresponding to the side wall of the drone; one end of the compression spring is connected to the end of the adaptive clamping arm, and the other end is in contact with the side wall of the drone; a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electronic adjustment device is provided on the adaptive clamping arm; the electronic adjustment device can drive the adaptive clamping arm to swing, and the swing of the adaptive clamping arm can adjust the compression amount of the compression spring; the drone is placed on the drone fixed platform 6; the electronic adjustment device realizes adaptive clamping of the drone through the sensing value of the pressure sensor, when the adaptive clamping arm clamps the drone tightly, the electronic adjustment device controls the adaptive clamping arm to swing outward to reduce the compression amount of the compression spring; when the adaptive clamping arm clamps the drone loosely, the electronic adjustment device controls the adaptive clamping arm to swing inward to increase the compression amount of the compression spring.

[0037] The base frame 1 is provided with an energy absorbing buffer device 7, which includes a buffer plate and a support frame; the support frame is fixedly connected to the base frame 1, and the buffer plate is made of a multi-level composite buffer material, and the buffer plate is arranged on the support frame. The energy absorbing buffer device 7 can absorb vibration on the base frame 1, reduce deformation of the base frame 1, and increase the life of the base frame 1.

[0038] Preferably, a guide mechanism is provided at the position of the base frame 1 corresponding to the slide 3; the guide mechanism includes a high-precision guide rod, a rigid guide bracket and a fine-tuning bolt; the rigid guide bracket is fixedly connected to the base frame 1 along the length direction of the adjustable slide rail 2, the guide rod and the rigid guide bracket are slidably matched, and the fine-tuning bolt is threadedly connected between the guide rod and the slide 3; the base frame 1 is also provided with a slide return mechanism 9, and the slide return mechanism 9 includes an electric push rod; the electric push rod is set at the same height as the slide 3, the electric push rod can be against or separated from the side wall of the slide 3, and the slide 3 can be pushed back to its original position by driving the electric push rod. The fine-tuning bolt can slightly adjust the dynamic gap between the guide rod and the slide 3 to ensure the stability and low friction loss of the slide 3 during high-speed movement.

[0039] Preferably, the module man support mechanism 8 includes a support frame 81, a turntable 82, an energy absorbing device 83 and a height adjustment device 84; the support frame 81 is arranged on the ground; the upper end of the turntable 82 is connected to the module man 12, and the lower end is rotatably connected to the support frame 81; the energy absorbing device 83 is arranged above the turntable 82 and vertically connected to the side wall of the support frame 81, and the energy absorbing device 83 is made of composite materials; the height adjustment device 84 is vertically connected between the turntable 82 and the ground, and a screw that cooperates with the thread of the turntable 82 is arranged inside the height adjustment device 84. By rotating the turntable 82 and the screw, the direction and height of the module man 12 can be adjusted to meet the requirements of the drone hitting different parts and angles. The module man support mechanism 8 is also provided with a locking mechanism, which is locked after the turntable 82 is rotated to a specified angle and the height adjustment mechanism is adjusted to a specified height. This part is a conventional design and will not be described in detail.

[0040] Modular Man 12 is a modular dummy structure that allows researchers to quickly replace different parts (such as head, chest, limbs, etc.) according to experimental requirements to simulate different impact scenarios and injuries.

[0041] Preferably, the data acquisition and analysis system 10 includes a high-frequency data recording module and a wireless transmission module. The high-frequency data recording module can receive data from sensors on the module support mechanism 8 at a high frequency and send it to the wireless transmission module; the wireless transmission module can transmit data to the remote monitoring platform in real time, and also has data encryption and compression functions to ensure data security and transmission efficiency.

[0042] Preferably, a multi-dimensional anti-collision sensor system 11 is provided on the slide 3. The multi-dimensional anti-collision sensor system 11 is provided with distance sensors, displacement sensors, etc., which can monitor the surrounding environment in real time. When an obstacle is detected, the system will automatically trigger the emergency braking mechanism to ensure the safety of the equipment and the drone and reduce the potential risk of damage.

[0043] Embodiment 2, a method for testing blunt injuries caused by a drone hitting a human body, uses the test device in embodiment 1 to test blunt injuries caused by a drone hitting a human body. First, the drone is placed on the slide 3, and the launch clamping unit is used to limit the position of the drone on the slide 3. Before launching, the slide 3 is locked first. The power loading device provides power for the movement of the drone, usually using gas propulsion or electric launch propulsion. When the launch pressure reaches the required value, the slide 3 is released, and the slide 3 carries the drone to move along the slide rail.

[0044] The specific steps include: Step 1: According to the test conditions, place the base frame 1 on the flat ground of the test area to ensure the stability of the base frame 1; at the same time, according to the test requirements, adjust the height of the base to accommodate test subjects of different heights.

[0045] Step 2: Select a drone, preferably a common consumer drone (such as DJI Mavic series); select a pneumatic launch device or an electric launch device to connect to the slide 3 according to the model of the drone and the test requirements.

[0046] Step 3: Place the drone to be tested on the drone fixing platform 6 to ensure that the drone to be tested is stable; use the electronic clamp 5 to clamp the drone to be tested to ensure that the drone will not fall off during the launch process. The length of the slide rail on the base frame 1 should be at least 3 meters to facilitate the acceleration of the drone.

[0047] Step 4: Select the module person 12 and ensure that there are sensor installation positions on its key parts (head, neck, chest); install the module person 12 on the module person support mechanism 8 and place it at the predetermined impact position, rotate the turntable 82 according to the test requirements, and adjust the angle of the module person 12; the type of the module person 12 is adjusted according to the test requirements to better simulate the real situation. At the same time, the rotation angle and height of the module person 12 are adjusted through the module person support mechanism 8 to meet the requirements of the drone hitting different parts and angles.

[0048] Step 5: Start the electronic gripper 5 to grip the drone to ensure that the drone will not fall off during the launch process; monitor the clamping force of the current adaptive gripper arm on the drone through the pressure sensor until the clamping force of the adaptive gripper arm on the drone is within the set range. The electronic gripper 5 should be able to be released quickly to facilitate rapid repetition of the test.

[0049] Step six, set the test parameters of the intelligent launch system 4, including the launch speed, launch angle and impact target distance of the drone; set the test parameters of the selected pneumatic launch device or electric launch device; check the connection status of all equipment, conduct a test, the intelligent launch system 4 drives the drone to launch, and the drone hits the target area preset by the module 12.

[0050] Preferably, a phased testing strategy is adopted during the test, including: first conducting a low-speed impact test, and then gradually increasing the speed to conduct medium-speed and high-speed impact tests, to ensure a comprehensive assessment of the risk of blunt injuries under different impact conditions.

[0051] Step seven, the data acquisition and analysis system 10 collects the UAV flight data and impact data in real time, including flight speed, impact angle, impact force and other data, and sends the UAV flight data to the background through wireless transmission; during the impact process, the energy absorption and buffer device 7 can absorb the vibration during the impact, reduce the impact force on the module 12 and the UAV, and ensure the safety and effectiveness of the test.

[0052] Preferably, a sensor group is provided to collect impact data, the sensor group is provided in the module human 12, the sensor group includes a head acceleration sensor, a neck load sensor, a neck torque sensor, a chest displacement sensor, and a chest acceleration sensor; a sensor group acquisition module connected to the sensor group is provided in the module human 12, the sensor group acquisition module is used to receive parameter data collected by the sensor group; the parameter data collected by the sensor group includes the head acceleration sensor collecting head acceleration, the neck load sensor collecting neck load, the neck torque sensor collecting neck force, the chest displacement sensor collecting chest displacement, and the chest acceleration sensor collecting chest acceleration.

[0053] The sensor group can collect impact force data of different parts in real time at the moment of impact. Combined with high-frequency sampling technology, it improves the accuracy and reliability of the data and provides a more comprehensive basis for subsequent analysis.

[0054] Step eight, the slide return mechanism controls the slide 3 to return to the initial position, preparing for the next round of impact test.

[0055] Step 9: After all rounds of impact tests are completed, the flight data and impact data of the drone are analyzed to evaluate the degree of blunt force injuries caused by the drone to the human body, and a test report is automatically generated. The test report contains the impact force, injury assessment and safety recommendations, which facilitates relevant personnel to make quick decisions and subsequent improvements.

[0056] Preferably, the test environment of the experiment adopts an adjustable simulation environment that can simulate different weather and ground conditions (such as wet, hard, etc.) to evaluate the impact of the drone on the human body in various environments and enhance the practical significance of the test.

[0057] Through the above design, drones of different models and working conditions can be set up respectively, and collision tests can be performed on the module person 12 at different heights and angles, so as to realize a comprehensive and complete blunt injury test of drones hitting the human body, and by setting up a sensor group of multiple sensors, the collision data of the module person 12 can be comprehensively and quickly collected to realize efficient and stable testing. Standardized test procedures and operating specifications are formulated to ensure that different laboratories and research institutions can maintain consistency when conducting drone impact tests, and improve the comparability and reliability of the results.

[0058] Embodiment 3, a method for evaluating blunt force injuries caused by a drone hitting a human body, using the test device in Embodiment 1, comprises the following steps: Step 1: Obtain and filter the impact data, which includes head acceleration, neck load, neck torque, chest displacement and chest acceleration. When filtering, different filtering frequencies are used for the module head, neck and chest. The filtering frequency of the module head is CFC1000; the filtering frequencies of the three-dimensional force and three-dimensional torque of the module neck are CFC1000 and CFC600; the filtering frequency of the module chest is CFC180.

[0059] Step 2: Set the head injury criteria , neck injury criteria and chest injury criteria Based on the impact data, the module's head injury, neck injury and chest injury are evaluated respectively; the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are obtained.

[0060] Preferably, a head injury criterion is set Head injury assessment is performed and calculations are performed based on the 3ms cumulative acceleration of the head.

[0061] Head injury criteria Considering HIC (head injury index) and 3ms cumulative acceleration of the head, the expression is: ; In the formula, is the calculated value of the head injury index; It is the 3ms accumulated acceleration of the head; It is the tolerance limit value of the head injury index; It is the head's 3ms cumulative acceleration tolerance limit; The head 3ms cumulative acceleration tolerance limit is shown in Table 1: Table 1 middle 3ms acceleration tolerance limit

[0062] The area enclosed by the critical line and intercept corresponding to the indicator can be obtained from the tolerance limit values ​​of each indicator in the table, such as Figure 3 As shown, at this time It is a two-dimensional evaluation index with a limit of 2. <1, the enclosed area is Ⅰ; when 1≤ <2, the enclosed area is Ⅱ; when When ≥2, the enclosed area is III.

[0063] Head injury criteria according to The head injury criterion is calculated by the 3ms cumulative acceleration of the head. As a two-dimensional evaluation index, the head injury criterion There are 4 safety levels and one failed area, such as Figure 4 As shown; among them, levels 1-4 all represent safety, and level 1 is the highest safety level; the value expressions of each level of safety level are:

[0064] The neck injury criterion is based on six basic mechanical parameters of the three-dimensional force and three-dimensional moment of the human neck, including the comprehensive force , compression force and shear force Comprehensive strength The expression is: ; In the formula, and denote the axial force and bending moment of the upper neck, respectively. and are the critical values ​​of axial force and bending moment respectively, and the magnitudes of the critical values ​​are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Critical value in the formula

[0065] According to the criterion limit of blunt neck injury, each injury index is divided into four safety levels (level 1 is the safest) and one failure interval according to the value range, as shown in Table 3 and Figure 5 shown.

[0066] Table 3 Neck injury classification table

[0067] Preferably, the chest injury evaluation index includes two parameters: chest 3ms acceleration and chest compression. CTI It is a comprehensive index obtained by combining the chest index 3ms acceleration criterion and the chest displacement criterion. It is used for frontal collision conditions and its limit value is 1. CTI The risk of soft tissue damage in the chest is not taken into account, and the damage level in a high-speed, low-compression impact is much higher than that in a low-speed, high-compression impact. Therefore, the viscosity index is introduced. VC (t) Used to evaluate chest soft tissue damage, the limit value is also 1.

[0068] Chest injury criteria By chest index CTI and viscosity index VC(t) composition; Chest injury criteria for: ; like Figure 6 As shown, the chest injury criterion at this time It is a two-dimensional evaluation index, and the criterion for blunt chest injury is The limit value of is 2. <1, the enclosed area is Ⅰ; when 1≤ <2, the enclosed area is Ⅱ; when =2, the enclosed area is III.

[0069] Breast index CTI The expression is: ; Viscosity Index VC(t) The expression is: =

[0070] In the formula, It is the 3ms accumulated synthetic acceleration of the chest; is the maximum deformation of the chest; The 3ms acceleration tolerance limit of the chest is 90g; The limit value of chest deformation is 103mm. is the chest deformation speed; is the chest compression ratio; is the original chest thickness before collision; The amount of chest compression during a collision.

[0071] like Figure 7 , chest injury criteria Divided into 4 safety levels and one failed area; Levels 1-4 are all safe, with Level 1 being the highest safety level; Chest injury criteria The expression is: .

[0072] Step three, divide the head injury, neck injury and chest injury into four levels and a failed area, and form a head injury level expression, a neck injury level expression and a chest injury level expression; judge the levels of the head injury index, the neck injury index and the chest injury index respectively by the head injury level expression, the neck injury level expression and the chest injury level expression; when the head injury index, the neck injury index and the chest injury index are not in the failed area, add the head injury index, the neck injury index and the chest injury index to obtain the blunt injury evaluation of the human body.

[0073] In a specific example, the evaluation of blunt injury to the human body is shown in Table 4: Table 4 Evaluation of human blunt injury

[0074] The evaluation results obtained according to the grading area diagram are as follows Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, under this working condition, the head safety level is level 2, the neck level is level 1.7, and the chest level is level 3.

[0075] This invention innovatively introduces a multi-dimensional human injury comprehensive evaluation mechanism to form a complete evaluation system. This system not only comprehensively improves the experimental research and evaluation capabilities of blunt injuries caused by drone impacts on the human body, but also has good applicability and scalability, and can be widely used in other potential impact injury assessments, thereby promoting in-depth research in related fields and the formulation of standardized testing procedures.

[0076] In summary, through the comprehensive evaluation of the head, neck and chest, a multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation model was formed to correlate and analyze the multiple injury indicators of the human body caused by the drone during the collision. By comprehensively evaluating the stress conditions of the head, neck and chest, a multi-level injury assessment system was formed to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the risk of human injury.

[0077] The fuzzy logic algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the weight of each injury indicator to more objectively reflect the actual injury situation of the human body. If there are multiple injury indicators in the same part of the upper body (head, neck and chest) and one of them exceeds the limit, the drone fails the collision safety standard and the collision safety performance is unqualified.

[0078] By combining the data acquisition and analysis system in the test device, real-time collection, monitoring and feedback of impact data are realized. It is able to record data in real time during the UAV collision test and adjust the evaluation criteria based on the real-time data to ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of the evaluation results, providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis.

[0079] Based on the damage assessment results of different parts, a clear safety level classification standard is established to facilitate the rapid judgment of the safety impact of drone collisions on the human body. On the basis of the existing assessment, it is further expanded to other parts of the body that may be affected, such as limbs and spine, to form a more comprehensive injury assessment system.

[0080] In summary, this application has the following advantages: (1) Establishment of a dedicated experimental device and evaluation method: It can realistically simulate the actual working conditions of a drone impacting a human body, effectively obtain experimental parameter data of blunt force injuries, and establish clear safety level classification standards based on the injury assessment results of different parts of the body. This standard facilitates the rapid determination of the safety impact of drone impacts on the human body, provides a scientific basis for drone safety research, and promotes research progress in related fields.

[0081] (2) Multi-level injury assessment system: The physical quantities such as the module human head collision acceleration, angular velocity, neck collision force and torque obtained from the test can be combined with the existing module human head injury and neck injury criteria to carry out multi-level injury assessment. By comprehensively analyzing the stress conditions of the head, neck and chest, a comprehensive injury assessment system is formed to ensure a comprehensive analysis of the risk of human injury. This method is not only easy to operate, but also highly reliable and can accurately assess the injury of personnel under specific collision conditions.

[0082] (3) Real-time data collection of dynamic monitoring system: The data collection and analysis system can collect data such as acceleration, pressure and displacement in real time during the drone impact process, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of the data and providing a reliable basis for subsequent analysis. At the same time, advanced algorithms are used to perform intelligent analysis of the collected data, quickly identify potential danger areas, and generate detailed damage assessment reports. This process significantly improves the assessment efficiency and provides strong support for drone safety research.

[0083] (4) Wide applicability and scalability: This method is not only applicable to blunt force injury testing of drones hitting human bodies, but can also be extended to assess head injuries caused by accidental detachment of drone-borne components such as cameras and lithium batteries. This good applicability and scalability make this invention have a wide range of application prospects in drone safety research and related fields, and can meet safety assessment needs in a variety of scenarios.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that: the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other; Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test device for evaluating blunt injuries caused by drone impact on human body, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base frame (1), a launching and clamping unit, a module man supporting mechanism (8), a data acquisition and analysis system (10) and a module man (12); the base frame (1) is used to support the launching and clamping unit; the launching and clamping unit is used to clamp and launch a UAV; the module man supporting mechanism (8) is arranged corresponding to the launching and clamping unit, and the module man supporting mechanism (8) is used to clamp the module man (12); the data acquisition and analysis system (10) is electrically connected to the launching and clamping unit and the module man supporting mechanism (8), and is used to collect flight data of the UAV and perform data analysis; the module man supporting mechanism (8) is capable of adjusting the posture of the module man (12) so that the head or chest of the module man (12) faces the UAV; the data acquisition and analysis system (10) is capable of collecting impact data of the module man (12), and the impact data includes head acceleration, neck load, neck torque, chest displacement and chest acceleration; The launch clamping unit comprises an adjustable slide rail (2), a slide table (3), an intelligent launch system (4), an electronic clamp (5) and an unmanned aerial vehicle fixing platform (6); the adjustable slide rail (2) is horizontally fixed on a base frame (1), and the slide table (3) is horizontally slidably connected to the adjustable slide rail (2); the outer wall of the slide table (3) is connected to the intelligent launch system (4), and the unmanned aerial vehicle fixing platform (6) is arranged on the top; the electronic clamp (5) is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle fixing platform (6); the intelligent launch system (4) is used to launch the unmanned aerial vehicle, the unmanned aerial vehicle fixing platform (6) is used to fix the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the electronic clamp (5) is used to monitor the clamping force of the unmanned aerial vehicle fixing platform (6) on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

2. The test device for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone impacting a human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent launching system (4) comprises a pneumatic launching device and an electric launching device; the pneumatic launching device comprises a cylinder, an air valve and a nozzle; the nozzle can be connected to the slide (3); the cylinder and the nozzle are connected via an air pipe, and the air valve is connected to the air pipe between the cylinder and the nozzle; The electric launching device comprises an electric motor and a slide rail system; the output end of the electric motor is connected to the slide rail system, and a worm gear transmission mechanism is provided in the slide rail system; the slide rail system can perform telescopic movement under the power of the electric motor; the output end of the slide rail system can be connected to a slide table (3); When the weight of the UAV is relatively light, the pneumatic launching device is connected to the slide platform (3); when the weight of the UAV is relatively heavy, the electric launching device is connected to the slide platform (3).

3. The test device for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone impacting a human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic clamp (5) comprises an adaptive clamping arm, a compression spring and an electronic adjustment device; the electronic adjustment device is fixedly connected to the slide (3); there are two groups of adaptive clamping arms, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the drone; one end of the adaptive clamping arm is connected to the electronic adjustment device, and the other end is arranged corresponding to the side wall of the drone; one end of the compression spring is connected to the end of the adaptive clamping arm, and the other end is attached to the side wall of the drone; a pressure sensor electrically connected to the electronic adjustment device is provided on the adaptive clamping arm; the electronic adjustment device can drive the adaptive clamping arm to swing, and the swing of the adaptive clamping arm can adjust the compression amount of the compression spring; The unmanned aerial vehicle is placed on an unmanned aerial vehicle fixed platform (6); an energy absorbing buffer device (7) is arranged on the base frame (1), and the energy absorbing buffer device (7) comprises a buffer plate and a support frame; the support frame is fixedly connected to the base frame (1), and the buffer plate is made of a multi-level composite buffer material, and the buffer plate is arranged on the support frame.

4. The test device for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone impacting a human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A guide mechanism is provided at a position of the base frame (1) corresponding to the slide (3); the guide mechanism comprises a high-precision guide rod, a rigid guide bracket and a fine-tuning bolt; the rigid guide bracket is fixedly connected to the base frame (1) along the length direction of the adjustable slide rail (2), the guide rod and the rigid guide bracket are slidably matched, and the fine-tuning bolt is threadedly connected between the guide rod and the slide (3); a slide return mechanism (9) is also provided on the base frame (1), and the slide return mechanism (9) comprises an electric push rod; the electric push rod is arranged at the same height as the slide (3), and the electric push rod can be against or separated from the side wall of the slide (3).

5. The test device for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone impacting a human body as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The modular man support mechanism (8) comprises a support frame (81), a turntable (82), an energy absorbing device (83) and a height adjustment device (84); the support frame (81) is arranged on the ground; the upper end of the turntable (82) is connected to the modular man (12), and the lower end is rotatably connected to the support frame (81); the energy absorbing device (83) is arranged above the turntable (82) and vertically connected to the side wall of the support frame (81), and the energy absorbing device (83) is made of composite material; the height adjustment device (84) is vertically connected between the turntable (82) and the ground, and a screw rod that is threadedly matched with the turntable (82) is arranged inside the height adjustment device (84).

6. A method for testing blunt injuries caused by a drone impacting a human body, using the test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Place the base frame (1) on a flat surface in the test area; Select a UAV, and select a pneumatic launch device or an electric launch device to connect to the slide (3) according to the model of the UAV and the test requirements; The drone to be tested is placed on the drone fixing platform (6), and the drone to be tested is clamped using the electronic clamp (5); Selecting a module man (12), installing the module man (12) on a module man support mechanism (8), and placing the module man (12) at a predetermined impact position, and rotating a turntable (82) according to test requirements to adjust the angle of the module man (12); The electronic clamp (5) is started to clamp the UAV, and the clamping force of the adaptive clamping arm on the UAV is monitored by the pressure sensor until the clamping force of the adaptive clamping arm on the UAV is within a set range; Setting test parameters of the intelligent launch system (4), including the launch speed, launch angle and impact target distance of the UAV; setting test parameters of the selected pneumatic launch device or electric launch device; conducting a test, wherein the intelligent launch system (4) drives the UAV to launch, and the UAV impacts the target area preset by the module person (12); The data collection and analysis system (10) collects the UAV flight data and impact data in real time, including flight speed, impact angle, and impact force data, and sends the UAV flight data to the backend via wireless transmission; The slide return mechanism controls the slide (3) to return to the initial position, ready for the next round of impact test; After all rounds of impact tests are completed, the UAV flight data and impact data are analyzed to evaluate the degree of blunt force injuries caused by the UAV to the human body and generate a test report.

7. The method for testing blunt injuries caused by a drone impacting a human body as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A sensor group is provided to collect impact data, the sensor group being provided in the module man (12), the sensor group comprising a head acceleration sensor, a neck load sensor, a neck torque sensor, a chest displacement sensor, and a chest acceleration sensor; a sensor group acquisition module connected to the sensor group is provided in the module man (12), the sensor group acquisition module being used to receive parameter data collected by the sensor group; the parameter data collected by the sensor group comprises the head acceleration collected by the head acceleration sensor, the neck load collected by the neck load sensor, the neck force collected by the neck torque sensor, the chest displacement collected by the chest displacement sensor, and the chest acceleration collected by the chest acceleration sensor; A phased testing strategy was adopted during the test, including: first conducting a low-speed impact test, and then gradually increasing the speed to conduct medium-speed and high-speed impact tests.

8. A method for evaluating blunt injuries caused by a drone impacting a human body, using the test device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: Acquire and filter impact data, the impact data including head acceleration, neck load, neck moment, chest displacement and chest acceleration; Setting head injury criteria , neck injury criteria and chest injury criteria , based on the impact data, the module's head injury, neck injury and chest injury are evaluated respectively; Obtain head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index; Head injury, neck injury and chest injury are divided into four levels and a failed area to form head injury level expressions, neck injury level expressions and chest injury level expressions; the levels of the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are judged respectively by the head injury level expressions, neck injury level expressions and chest injury level expressions; when the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are not in the failed area, the head injury index, neck injury index and chest injury index are added to obtain the blunt injury evaluation of the human body.

9. The method for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone hitting a human body as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The head injury criterion The expression is: ； In the formula, is the calculated value of the head injury index; It is the 3ms accumulated acceleration of the head; It is the tolerance limit value of head injury index; It is the 3ms cumulative acceleration tolerance limit of the head; The neck injury criterion includes comprehensive force , compression force and shear force Comprehensive strength The expression is: ； In the formula, and denote the axial force and bending moment of the upper neck, respectively. and are the critical values ​​of axial force and bending moment, respectively; The chest injury criteria By chest index CTI and viscosity index VC(t) composition; Chest injury criteria for: ； Breast index CTI The expression is: ； Viscosity Index VC(t) The expression is: = ； In the formula, It is the 3ms accumulated synthetic acceleration of the chest; is the maximum deformation of the chest; The 3ms acceleration tolerance limit of the chest is 90g; The chest deformation tolerance limit is 103mm. is the chest deformation speed; is the chest compression ratio; is the original chest thickness before collision; The amount of chest compression during a collision.

10. The method for evaluating blunt injury caused by a drone hitting a human body as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: Head injury criteria Divided into 4 safety levels and one failed area; Levels 1-4 are all safe, with Level 1 being the highest safety level; Head injury criteria The expression is: ； The neck injury criteria are divided into 4 safety levels and one failure zone; among them, levels 1-4 are all safe, and level 1 is the highest safety level; The chest injury criteria Divided into 4 safety levels and one failed area; Levels 1-4 are all safe, with Level 1 being the highest safety level; Chest injury criteria The expression is: 。

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