Visual inspection device for optimizing illumination and uniform illumination method

Abstract

The invention provides a visual detection device for optimizing illumination and a uniform illumination method, and the visual detection device comprises a pipe barrel, a cylindrical reflector is arranged in the pipe barrel, the top end of the cylindrical reflector is sleeved with an annular lamp bead, the periphery of the cylindrical reflector is sleeved with a multi-layer transmissivity diffusion barrel, the annular lamp bead emits incident light above the multi-layer transmissivity diffusion barrel, and the annular lamp bead is arranged above the multi-layer transmissivity diffusion barrel. Spherical mirrors are arranged below the cylindrical reflector and the multi-layer transmissivity diffusion cylinder at intervals, the pipe barrel is provided with a lens below the spherical mirrors to form sealing, the multi-layer transmissivity diffusion cylinder comprises a plurality of diffusion rings which are sequentially stacked in the axial direction, and the light transmissivity of the diffusion rings is reduced layer by layer from bottom to top. Through various light path changing designs, the common problems of uneven illumination, strong light interference, insufficient brightness and the like in a visual detection device are effectively solved. The device optimizes the light distribution and the imaging quality while improving the image brightness and uniformity, so that the visual detection is more accurate and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of visual detection, and relates to a light reflection structure, in particular to a visual detection device for optimizing illumination and a uniform illumination method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of machine vision, defect detection is particularly sensitive to the lighting effect of the surface to be inspected. Too strong or too weak light will cause overexposure or underexposure in the image, causing the target defect to be confused by strong light or covered by dark light. When performing surface inspection on complex cylindrical surfaces with faint defects, the incident light will have different optical effects in different areas of the target inspection surface, resulting in inconsistent lighting levels in different areas.

[0003] In the traditional spherical mirror imaging system, the lighting is formed by a cylindrical light source formed by an annular lamp bead with a certain divergence angle illuminating a cylindrical diffuser. The characteristics of the cylindrical light source are that the light intensity is stronger at the upper end of the cylindrical diffuser (close to the lamp bead), weaker at the far end, and the overall luminous intensity gradually decreases in the vertical direction. For the spherical mirror structure, within the imaging field of view on the pipe surface, the strong light area of ​​the cylindrical light source will cause a strong incident light to form on the pipe surface, resulting in a bright area; at the same time, due to the uneven light intensity of the cylindrical diffuser light source, different degrees of incident light will be formed, resulting in different illumination intensity areas in the longitudinal direction of the detection surface, forming medium illumination areas and dark illumination areas within the imaging range. The dark illumination area within the imaging range will inevitably lead to undesirable problems such as missed detection and low detection accuracy in visual detection, which seriously affects the detection effect.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent document TW096129500 discloses a first annular ray guide tube system defining a rotation axis and having an annular entrance pupil, and the annular entrance pupil is used to map incident radiation at an angle on the entrance pupil, wherein the angle is an angle between 40 and 140 degrees from the incident radiation to the rotation axis, and the first annular ray guide tube system has a first mapping surface relative to the entrance pupil. A second ray guide tube also defines the rotation axis and has a second mapping surface adjacent to the first mapping surface. The present invention discloses adding different ray guide tubes and the quality of the ray guide tubes to form an optical channel. In one method, a light source is radiated at an angle between 40 and 140 degrees from the optical axis, and the radiated light is received at the entrance pupil of a ray guide tube arrangement. The direction of the received radiation is then changed through the ray guide tube arrangement in an average direction parallel to the optical axis to be directed to the exit pupil.

[0005] In the above technical solution, although different ray guide tubes are used to form uniform light within a certain range, their curved surface structures cannot be used in conjunction with annular lamp beads and cylindrical diffusers, that is, they cannot be applied to machine vision inspection equipment to achieve uniform lighting. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems in the prior art and to propose a visual inspection device for optimizing illumination and a uniform illumination method.

[0007] The objective of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a visual inspection device for optimizing lighting, comprising a tube, a cylindrical reflector is arranged inside the tube, an annular lamp bead is sleeved on the top of the cylindrical reflector, a multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector, the annular lamp bead emits incident light above the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, a spherical mirror is arranged below the cylindrical reflector and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, a lens is arranged below the spherical mirror in the tube to form a seal, and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube includes a plurality of diffusion rings stacked in sequence along the axial direction, and the light transmittance of the plurality of diffusion rings decreases layer by layer from bottom to top.

[0008] Preferably, the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube has a total of 5 layers of diffusion rings, and the light transmittances of the 4 layers of diffusion rings from bottom to top are 85%, 80%, 75%, and 70% respectively, and the light transmittance of the top layer of diffusion ring is one of 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20%.

[0009] Preferably, the top surface of the spherical mirror facing the cylindrical reflector is a large curved surface, and the bottom surface of the spherical mirror facing the lens is a small curved surface; the spherical surface of the spherical mirror is 35 mm away from the annular lamp bead; the large curved surface of the spherical mirror is 15 mm away from the bottom surface of the multi-layer transmittance diffuser tube.

[0010] Preferably, a conical reflective tube is sleeved on the upper part of the cylindrical reflector, the top opening of the conical reflective tube is a small-diameter opening, the bottom opening of the conical reflective tube is a large-diameter opening, the conical reflective tube has a conical inner circumferential wall and a conical outer circumferential wall, and the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical inner circumferential wall is lower than the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical outer circumferential wall.

[0011] Preferably, the incident angle of the inner wall of the cone is one of 40°, 30°, 20°, and 10°.

[0012] Preferably, an aperture is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector, the aperture is cylindrical, and the top end of the aperture exceeds the top ends of the annular lamp bead and the cylindrical reflector.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the aperture is one of 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, and 17 mm.

[0014] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination, and the uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0015] A1. The annular lamp bead emits light, and the incident light passes through the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube from top to bottom. Since the transmittance of the multi-layer diffusion ring increases from top to bottom, the incident light passes through the diffusion rings with different transmittances step by step, and the propagation of light intensity in the medium is reduced in a step-by-step manner, which gradually weakens the light intensity of the strong light section formed in the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, and finally reduces the interference to the imaging area and improves the uniformity in the imaging field of view;

[0016] A2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0017] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination, and the uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0018] B1. The annular lamp bead emits light, and the incident light passes through the reflective surfaces of the conical reflector with different inclination angles, causing the propagation path of the incident light to produce deflected light paths at different angles. Due to the high reflective characteristics of the inner wall of the cone, when it connects with the outside of the strong light area, part of the strong light is reflected again by the surface, increasing the angle of the incident direction to irradiate the imaging area, reducing the interference of the strong light on the field of view, and improving the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view;

[0019] B2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0020] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination, and the uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0021] C1. The ring lamp beads emit light, and the aperture blocks and reflects the strong light of the ring lamp beads in the first place, changing the deflected light path of the incident light, avoiding the interference of the incident strong light on the field of view, and improving the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view;

[0022] C2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the visual inspection device and uniform lighting method for optimizing lighting have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. Design of multi-layer transmittance diffuser: The structure of multi-layer transmittance diffuser combined with annular lamp beads can effectively reduce the uneven illumination during the imaging process by reducing the light intensity layer by layer. Through the decreasing transmittance layer by layer, the light intensity gradually decreases during the propagation process, avoiding the strong light section common in traditional lighting structures and avoiding the interference of high light areas on imaging. This optimized design not only improves the uniformity of illumination, but also ensures that the entire imaging area can obtain relatively uniform illumination, while improving the imaging quality, and ensuring that the detection system can more accurately identify small defects on the surface, improving the accuracy and precision of defect detection.

[0025] 2. Design of conical reflector: The different reflective characteristics of the conical reflector and its inner and outer walls can make the light more uniform when it is irradiated to the imaging area. In particular, the design of the reflective surface and different incident angles enables the light originally concentrated in the strong light area to be redistributed, reducing the excessive concentration of light in local areas. Specifically, by guiding the strong light to the outside of the imaging area, it avoids the strong light directly irradiating the center or important areas of the image, thereby effectively improving the uniformity of illumination in the imaging area and reducing the problem of image distortion or excessive contrast caused by strong light. At the same time, secondary refraction and reflection effectively improve the brightness of the dark area in the image, making the overall image brighter, and further improving the brightness and clarity within the field of view. Furthermore, the design can effectively utilize light, improve lighting efficiency, and reduce energy loss through multiple reflections and refractions. This not only improves the imaging effect, but also has a good energy efficiency advantage, which helps to reduce energy consumption and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0026] 3. Aperture design: Installing the aperture structure on the outside of the cylindrical diffusion structure can, on the one hand, block the strong light area originally formed by diffusion, and on the other hand, change the propagation path of light, converting the original small-angle lateral divergence light into a longitudinal angle, so that the light can be collected and used together without wasting light. Based on this method, while there is less light in the exposure area, more light is distributed in the edge area, which indirectly indicates that the uniformity of illumination in the field of view is improved. The illumination contrast ratio, standard deviation, and average deviation data are gradually reduced, and the uniformity of surface illumination is improved.

[0027] 4. Wide field of view and efficient imaging: Combined with the design of spherical mirrors, the visual inspection device can form a 360-degree wide field of view imaging range in the tube, allowing the system to perform a wide range of defect detection. The spherical mirror can not only change the propagation path of light, but also achieve uniform imaging within a larger field of view through spherical reflection. This feature enables the device to effectively cover a larger inspection area during visual inspection, improve inspection efficiency, and reduce omissions caused by a narrow field of view.

[0028] 5. Compact structure and efficient integration: The overall design of the device is compact, and the volume width of the imaging system does not exceed 30mm, which can achieve efficient lighting and imaging in a limited space. This miniaturized design is suitable for detection environments that need to save space or have limited installation, and improves the application range and flexibility of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an illumination simulation diagram based on the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the conical reflective tube in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a simulation diagram of the reflection structure based on different angles of the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a simulation diagram of different shading distances based on a high-reflection aperture in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, 1. tube; 2. incident light; 3. multi-layer transmittance diffuser tube; 4. spherical mirror; 5. cylindrical reflector; 6. annular lamp bead; 7. cone outer wall; 8. cone inner wall; 9. conical reflector tube; 10. aperture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, the visual inspection device for optimizing lighting includes a tube 1, a cylindrical reflector 5 is arranged inside the tube 1, an annular lamp bead 6 is sleeved on the top of the cylindrical reflector 5, a multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector 5, the annular lamp bead 6 emits an incident light 2 above the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3, a spherical mirror 4 is arranged below the cylindrical reflector 5 and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3, a lens is arranged below the spherical mirror 4 of the tube 1 to form a closure, and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3 includes a plurality of diffusion rings stacked in sequence along the axial direction, and the light transmittance of the plurality of diffusion rings decreases layer by layer from bottom to top. The production principle of forming different layers of the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3 with different light transmittance is: use a transparent material to 3D print the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3, set different filling rates according to different layers, so that the transmittance of the plurality of diffusion rings decreases layer by layer from top to bottom.

[0041] The annular lamp bead 6 provides annular lighting as the illumination source for the imaging system itself. It is small in size and can illuminate the surface with column light. The imaging of the spherical mirror 4 refers to the reflection light of the surface to be detected being refracted through the spherical mirror 4 at the bottom of the lens and entering the imaging panel of the camera. By using the curved surface structure, the one-way imaging mode of the camera is changed to achieve defect detection with a larger field of view. Based on the pipe column scene, the spherical mirror 4 forms a field of view, and the overall imaging unit volume width does not exceed 30mm. The inner diameter of the multi-layer transmittance diffuser tube 3 is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical reflector 5, so the multi-layer transmittance diffuser tube 3 is directly connected to the reflective structure (cylindrical reflector 5).

[0042] Preferably, the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3 is provided with 5 layers of diffusion rings, and the specifications of the 5 layers of diffusion rings are equal, that is, the inner diameter, outer diameter and thickness are equal. The light transmittance of the 4 layers of diffusion rings from bottom to top is 85%, 80%, 75%, and 70% respectively, and the light transmittance of the top layer of diffusion ring is one of 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20%.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, simulations are performed according to the light transmittance of the top diffusion ring being 50%, 40%, 30%, and 20%, and the illumination data information of the simulations is obtained as shown in Table 1.

[0044]

[0045] Table 1 Simulation results based on multi-layer transmittance diffuser

[0046] Preferably, the top surface of the spherical mirror 4 facing the cylindrical reflector 5 is a large curved surface, and the bottom surface of the spherical mirror 4 facing the lens is a small curved surface; the spherical surface of the spherical mirror 4 is 35 mm away from the annular lamp bead 6; the large curved surface of the spherical mirror 4 is 15 mm away from the bottom surface of the multi-layer transmittance diffuser tube 3.

[0047] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination. The uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0048] A1. The annular lamp bead 6 emits light, and the incident light 2 passes through the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3 from top to bottom. Since the transmittance of the multi-layer diffusion ring increases from top to bottom, the light absorption rate decreases. The incident light 2 passes through the diffusion rings with different transmittances step by step, and the propagation of the light intensity in the medium is reduced in a step-by-step manner, which gradually weakens the light intensity of the strong light segment formed in the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube 3, and finally reduces the interference to the imaging area and improves the uniformity in the imaging field of view;

[0049] A2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror 4 to form a deflected light path, and the incident light 2 realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube 1, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0050] In this embodiment, the cylindrical diffusion structure is taken as the research object, which is decomposed into several equal parts, and the light transmittance of different layers is changed. The transmittance of the diffusion ring is the lowest at the near end of the ring lamp bead 6, and the transmittance of the diffusion ring is the highest at the far end of the ring lamp bead 6. The starting point is to reduce the light intensity in the original strong light section by reducing the light transmittance. The incident light 2 formed from this area will weaken the incident light intensity of the original strong light area, so that the illumination of the highlight area in the original field of view is reduced, forming a larger medium illumination range. Compared with the traditional lighting effect, the uniformity in the imaging field of view is improved, thereby improving the accuracy and precision of defect detection.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] like Figure 4 and 5 As shown, the visual inspection device for optimizing lighting comprises a tube 1, a cylindrical reflector 5 is arranged inside the tube 1, an annular lamp bead 6 is sleeved on the top of the cylindrical reflector 5, a diffusion tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector 5, a conical reflection tube 9 is sleeved on the upper part of the diffusion tube, the top opening of the conical reflection tube 9 is a small-diameter opening, the bottom opening of the conical reflection tube 9 is a large-diameter opening, the conical reflection tube 9 has a conical inner circumferential wall 8 and a conical outer circumferential wall 7, the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical inner circumferential wall 8 is lower than the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical outer circumferential wall 7, and the light transmittance is low because the surface properties of the conical inner circumferential wall 8 have high light reflectivity characteristics.

[0053] Preferably, the incident angle of the cone inner wall 8 is one of 40°, 30°, 20° and 10°.

[0054] like Figure 6As shown, the reflection structure simulation is performed on the incident angles of the cone inner wall 8 of 40°, 30°, 20°, and 10° respectively, and the illumination data information of the simulation is obtained as shown in Table 2.

[0055]

[0056] Table 2 Simulation results of reflection structures based on different angles

[0057] In this paper, due to the effect of internal reflection layers at different angles, the light incident in the vertical direction will be further increased compared to the previous one. The brightness of the dark areas in the image will be significantly improved, and the overall uniformity will be optimized compared to the past.

[0058] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination. The uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0059] B1. The annular lamp bead 6 emits light, and the incident light 2 passes through the reflective surfaces of the conical reflector 9 with different inclination angles, so that the propagation path of the incident light 2 produces deflected light paths at different angles. Due to the high reflective characteristics of the inner circumferential wall 8 of the cone, when connecting with the outer side of the strong light area, part of the strong light is reflected by the surface again, increasing the angle of the incident direction to irradiate the imaging area, reducing the interference degree of the strong light on the field of view, and improving the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view;

[0060] B2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror 4 to form a deflected light path, and the incident light 2 realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube 1, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0061] In addition, more horizontal light angles are deflected, which, to a certain extent, improves the overall illumination in the field of view. The bright area in the field of view will increase because of the refraction of the strong light area; secondly, the medium brightness area will increase, and the dark illumination area will decrease because there is more illumination light entering the field of view.

[0062] This embodiment performs secondary refraction based on light rays at different angles. The starting point is to improve a portion of the incident light rays 2 in the original strong light segment, that is, to refract the original incident direction of the light rays again through the reflective layer designed in this article, so that the strong light area in the field of view can be shifted vertically. Furthermore, due to the existence of the reflective layer, more scattered light rays from the diffuser tube are refracted into the field of view, thereby improving the overall brightness.

[0063] Embodiment 3

[0064] like Figure 7As shown, the visual inspection device for optimizing illumination comprises a tube 1, a cylindrical reflector 5 is arranged inside the tube 1, an annular lamp bead 6 is sleeved on the top of the cylindrical reflector 5, a diffusion tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector 5, and an aperture 10 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the diffusion tube, and the upper half is blocked. The aperture 10 is cylindrical, and the top end of the aperture 10 exceeds the top of the annular lamp bead 6 and the cylindrical reflector 5.

[0065] Preferably, the length of the aperture 10 is one of 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, and 17 mm.

[0066] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the optical simulations were performed for the aperture 10 with lengths of 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, and 17 mm. According to the illuminance distribution diagram, when the light outlet is reduced, the brightness at the lower end of the field of view will be significantly improved because the concentration of light leads to more scattered light downwards. The highest illuminance value in the strong light area is 1.13×10 -7 W / mm 2 Reduced to 4.67×10 -8 W / mm 2 , indicating that more light is shining on the periphery of the bright light area.

[0067] according to Figure 8 The illumination data information obtained from the simulation is shown in Table 3.

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 3 Simulation results of different shading distances based on high reflection aperture

[0071] The average illumination in the field of view shown in the above table is reduced. Based on this method, it means that while there is less light in the exposure area, more light is distributed in the edge area, which indirectly indicates that the illumination uniformity of the field of view is improved. The illumination contrast ratio, standard deviation, and average deviation data are gradually reduced, and the uniformity of surface illumination is improved. Therefore, this method can improve the average illumination of the entire imaging area while also improving the light illumination of the dark area in the original field of view.

[0072] A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination is applied to the above-mentioned visual inspection device with optimized illumination. The uniform illumination method includes the following contents:

[0073] C1, the annular lamp bead 6 emits light, and the aperture 10 immediately blocks and reflects the strong light of the annular lamp bead 6, changes the deflected light path of the incident light 2, avoids the interference of the incident strong light on the field of view, and improves the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view;

[0074] C2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror 4 to form a deflected light path, and the incident light 2 realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube 1, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

[0075] The traditional cylindrical diffusion structure can be roughly regarded as a small divergence angle illumination surface, and a large amount of light does not enter the imaging field of the spherical mirror 4 below. In this embodiment, the function of the aperture 10 is mainly reflected in the light outlet at the lower end, which changes the propagation direction of the light to be obliquely irradiated downward, and the light is concentrated. By changing the height of the aperture 10, the light angle of the light outlet is indirectly changed, and the strong light from the light outlet is directed to a position biased towards the imaging center, while on both sides in the vertical direction, the light is irradiated by strong scattered light. A transition section of medium-bright-medium is presented in the field of view, but because the light is fully irradiated in the field of view, the overall illumination deviation is not large.

[0076] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. A person skilled in the art of the present invention may make various modifications or supplements to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the defined scope. Although the present invention is described and described in detail in the drawings and the foregoing description, such descriptions and descriptions are considered to be illustrative or exemplary rather than restrictive. It should be understood that within the scope of the following claims, changes and modifications may be made by a person of ordinary skill. Specifically, the present invention encompasses additional embodiments having any combination of features from the above-mentioned different embodiments. With respect to the use of the expression "generally" or "substantially", this patent application should be understood to disclose that these features and values ​​are also fully satisfied, i.e., there is no aforementioned characterization as "generally" or "substantially".

[0077] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A visual inspection device with optimized lighting, comprising a tube, characterized in that: A cylindrical reflector is arranged in the tube, an annular lamp bead is sleeved on the top of the cylindrical reflector, a multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector, the annular lamp bead emits incident light above the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, a spherical mirror is arranged below the cylindrical reflector and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, a lens is arranged below the spherical mirror in the tube to form a seal, and the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube includes a plurality of diffusion rings stacked in sequence along the axial direction, and the light transmittance of the plurality of diffusion rings decreases layer by layer from bottom to top.

2. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube is provided with 5 layers of diffusion rings, and the light transmittances of the 4 layers of diffusion rings from bottom to top are 85%, 80%, 75%, 70% respectively, and the light transmittance of the top diffusion ring is one of 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%.

3. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the spherical mirror facing the cylindrical reflector is a large curved surface, and the bottom surface of the spherical mirror facing the lens is a small curved surface; the spherical surface of the spherical mirror is 35 mm away from the annular lamp bead; the large curved surface of the spherical mirror is 15 mm away from the bottom surface of the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube.

4. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A conical reflective tube is sleeved on the upper part of the cylindrical reflector, the top opening of the conical reflective tube is a small-diameter opening, the bottom opening of the conical reflective tube is a large-diameter opening, the conical reflective tube has a conical inner circumferential wall and a conical outer circumferential wall, and the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical inner circumferential wall is lower than the light transmittance reflectivity of the conical outer circumferential wall.

5. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The incident angle of the inner wall of the cone is one of 40°, 30°, 20° and 10°.

6. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An aperture is sleeved on the outer periphery of the cylindrical reflector, the aperture is cylindrical, and the top end of the aperture exceeds the top ends of the annular lamp beads and the cylindrical reflector.

7. The visual inspection device with optimized lighting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the aperture is one of 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, 16 mm, and 17 mm.

8. A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination, applied to the visual inspection device with optimized illumination as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The uniform illumination method comprises the following contents: A1. The annular lamp bead emits light, and the incident light passes through the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube from top to bottom. Since the transmittance of the multi-layer diffusion ring increases from top to bottom, the incident light passes through the diffusion rings with different transmittances step by step, and the propagation of light intensity in the medium is reduced in a step-by-step manner, which gradually weakens the light intensity of the strong light section formed in the multi-layer transmittance diffusion tube, and finally reduces the interference to the imaging area and improves the uniformity in the imaging field of view; A2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

9. A uniformity illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination, applied to the visual inspection device with optimized illumination as claimed in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The uniform illumination method comprises the following contents: B1. The annular lamp bead emits light, and the incident light passes through the reflective surfaces of the conical reflector with different inclination angles, causing the propagation path of the incident light to produce deflected light paths at different angles. Due to the high reflective characteristics of the inner wall of the cone, when it connects with the outside of the strong light area, part of the strong light is reflected again by the surface, increasing the angle of the incident direction to irradiate the imaging area, reducing the interference of the strong light on the field of view, and improving the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view; B2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

10. A uniform illumination method for a visual inspection device with optimized illumination, applied to the visual inspection device with optimized illumination as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The uniform illumination method comprises the following contents: C1. The ring lamp beads emit light, and the aperture immediately blocks and reflects the strong light of the ring lamp beads, changing the deflected light path of the incident light, avoiding the interference of the incident strong light on the field of view, and improving the uniformity and brightness in the imaging field of view; C2. The light passes through the hyperbolic mirror of the spherical mirror to form a deflected light path. The incident light realizes imaging along the longitudinal direction inside the tube, and at the same time, spherical reflection is used to realize imaging in a 360-degree field of view.

Images