Seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method and device based on generalized tuning precise s transform

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a kind of based on generalized tuning accurate S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method and device.The method comprises: obtaining original seismic signal, according to original seismic signal and original seismic signal hilbert transform signal, generates the instantaneous frequency of original seismic signal, the instantaneous frequency of original seismic signal is differentiated, and the tuning rate of original seismic signal is obtained, according to tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, generates N S transform time window, according to tuning rate and N S transform time window, generates N first time-frequency spectrum of original seismic signal, N first time-frequency spectrum is merged into the second time-frequency spectrum of original seismic signal, reach high-resolution time-frequency spectrum in time domain and frequency domain simultaneously, and then improve the information extraction capability in strong non-steady-state seismic signal.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of signal processing, in particular to a method and device for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum based on generalized tuning precise S transform. BACKGROUND

[0002] Seismic signal processing and analysis is an important research content in the fields of geophysics and oil exploration. According to the generation of the seismic signal time-frequency spectrum, the propagation of the seismic wave can be monitored in real time, and the earthquake warning information can be sent in time, which provides strong support for reducing the loss of earthquake disasters.

[0003] In the prior art, the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal is obtained by using the precise S transform method. The precise S transform method constructs a time window function symmetrical about the instantaneous frequency of the seismic data, and uses the convolution between the time window function and the seismic signal to be analyzed to obtain a high-resolution time-frequency spectrum, which enhances the extraction of low-frequency information in the seismic signal.

[0004] However, since the time window function of the precise S transform method is specific, the length of the time window function determines the trade-off between time and frequency resolution. A short window function provides high time resolution but low frequency resolution, and a long window function provides high frequency resolution but low time resolution. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain a high-resolution time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain at the same time, and the information extraction capability for strong non-stationary seismic signals is poor. SUMMARY

[0005] The method and device for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum based on generalized tuning precise S transform provided by the embodiments of the present application are used to obtain a high-resolution time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain, and thus improve the information extraction capability for strong non-stationary seismic signals.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum based on generalized tuning precise S transform, comprising:

[0007] obtaining an original seismic signal;

[0008] generating an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal;

[0009] differencing the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal;

[0010] generating N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, the N time window control parameters correspond to the N S transform time windows one by one, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0011] generating N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows, the N S transform time windows and the N first time-frequency spectrums corresponding one by one;

[0012] merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal comprises:

[0014] calculating a mean value of the N first time-frequency spectrums as the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, the mean value comprising at least one of an arithmetic mean value, a geometric mean value and a weighted mean value.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the generating N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows comprises:

[0016] converting the original seismic signal into an original seismic matrix;

[0017] converting each of the S transform time windows into a time window coefficient matrix;

[0018] performing matrix multiplication on the original seismic matrix and each of the time window coefficient matrices to obtain one of the first time-frequency spectrums.

[0019] In a possible implementation, when the original seismic signal is one or more, after obtaining the original seismic signal, the method further comprises:

[0020] determining, for each of the instantaneous frequencies of the original seismic signals, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum, a corresponding computing unit, the computing unit comprising at least one of a CPU core, a thread, a process and a GPU, different original seismic signals corresponding to the same or different computing units;

[0021] sending, to the corresponding computing units, the instantaneous frequencies, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signals, the instantaneous frequencies, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the same or different computing units.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the determining, for each of the instantaneous frequencies of the original seismic signals, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum, a corresponding computing unit comprises:

[0023] obtaining historical calculation speeds corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum respectively;

[0024] obtaining historical calculation performance and current state of the plurality of calculation units;

[0025] allocating corresponding calculation subjects for the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum according to the historical calculation speeds, the historical calculation performance and current state.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the generating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal comprises:

[0027] The instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal is calculated by the following formula:

[0028]

[0029] wherein, the f inst (τ) is the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, x(t) is the original seismic signal, x'(t) is the differential of the original seismic signal, y(t) is the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, and y'(t) is the differential of the Hilbert transform signal.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the generating the N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and the preset N time window control parameters comprises:

[0031] One of the S transform time windows is calculated by the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] wherein, w(t, f; τ) is one of the S transform time windows, t is the time to be analyzed, f is the frequency to be analyzed, τ is the center time of one of the S transform time windows, and f inst (τ) is the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal at τ, Δf(τ) is the difference between the frequency to be analyzed and the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal at τ, k is the time window control parameter of one of the S transform time windows, and c(t) is the tuning rate of the original seismic signal at t.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the generating the N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows comprises:

[0035] One of the first time-frequency spectrums is calculated by the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] wherein S(τ, f, c(t)) is one of the first time-frequency spectrum, and w(t-τ, f; τ) is one of the S transform time window.

[0038] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by generalized tuning accurate S transform, comprising:

[0039] a obtaining module, configured to obtain an original seismic signal;

[0040] a processing module, configured to generate an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal;

[0041] the processing module is further configured to differentiate the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal;

[0042] the processing module is further configured to generate N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, the N time window control parameters correspond to the N S transform time windows one by one, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;

[0043] the processing module is further configured to generate N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows, the N S transform time windows and the N first time-frequency spectrums correspond to each other one by one;

[0044] the processing module is further configured to combine the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal.

[0045] In the device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by generalized tuning accurate S transform provided by the present application:

[0046] the processing module is configured to calculate an average value of the N first time-frequency spectrums as the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, and the average value comprises at least one of an arithmetic average value, a geometric average value and a weighted average value.

[0047] In the device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by generalized tuning accurate S transform provided by the present application:

[0048] the processing module is configured to convert the original seismic signal into an original seismic matrix;

[0049] the processing module is further configured to convert each S transform time window into a time window coefficient matrix;

[0050] The processing module is further configured to perform matrix multiplication on the original seismic matrix and each time window coefficient matrix to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum.

[0051] In the device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by using a generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the application:

[0052] The processing module is configured to determine a corresponding calculation unit for each of the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum.

[0053] The processing module is configured to send the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal to the corresponding calculation unit.

[0054] In the device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by using a generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the application:

[0055] The acquisition module is configured to acquire a historical calculation speed corresponding to each of the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum.

[0056] The acquisition module is further configured to acquire a historical calculation performance and a current state of a plurality of calculation units.

[0057] The processing module is configured to assign a corresponding calculation unit to each of the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum according to the historical calculation speed, the historical calculation performance, and the current state.

[0058] In the device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal by using a generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the application:

[0059] The processing module is configured to calculate the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal by using the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] wherein, the f inst The f (τ) is the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, the x(t) is the original seismic signal, the x'(t) is a differential of the original seismic signal, the y(t) is a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, and the y'(t) is a differential of the Hilbert transform signal.

[0062] In the device for generating time-frequency spectrum of seismic signal by generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the application,

[0063] The processing module is configured to calculate one of the S transform windows by the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] wherein w(t,f;τ) is one of the S transform windows, t is a time to be analyzed, f is a frequency to be analyzed, τ is a center time of one of the S transform windows, f inst (τ) is an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal at τ, Δf(τ) is a difference between the frequency to be analyzed and the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal at τ, k is a window control parameter of one of the S transform windows, and c(t) is a tuning rate of the original seismic signal at t.

[0066] In the device for generating time-frequency spectrum of seismic signal by generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the application,

[0067] The processing module is configured to calculate one of the first time-frequency spectrums by the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] wherein S(τ,f,c(t)) is one of the first time-frequency spectrums, and w(t-τ,f;τ) is one of the S transform windows.

[0070] In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, including: a memory, a processor;

[0071] The memory stores computer-executed instructions.

[0072] The processor executes the computer-executed instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0073] In a fourth aspect, a computer readable storage medium is provided, which stores computer-executed instructions, and the computer-executed instructions are executed by a processor to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0074] In a fifth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0075] The embodiment of the application provides a generalized tuning precise S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method and device, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original seismic signal, generating an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, then differentiating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal, generating N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, generating N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows, and finally merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal. Compared with the prior art, when the precise S transform method is used to acquire the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal, the time window function used by the precise S transform method is specific, and high-resolution time-frequency spectrums in the time domain and the frequency domain cannot be obtained at the same time, and the information extraction capability of the strong non-stationary seismic signal is poor. The application sets multiple time window control parameters to generate multiple transform time windows, and finally merges the multiple time-frequency spectrums obtained by calculating the time-frequency spectrum of the same original seismic signal through the multiple transform time windows, so that the final time-frequency spectrum generated is a high-resolution time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain at the same time, and the information extraction capability of the strong non-stationary seismic signal is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0076] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0077] Figure 1 A scene schematic diagram of a generalized tuning precise S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method provided by the application;

[0078] Figure 2 A flowchart of a generalized tuning precise S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method provided by the application Figure One ;

[0079] Figure 3 A rotation schematic diagram of a video window in a time-frequency plane;

[0080] Figure 4 A generalized tuning precise S transform schematic diagram;

[0081] Figure 5 A flowchart of a generalized tuning precise S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method provided by the application Figure Two ;

[0082] Figure 6 A flowchart of a generalized tuning precise S transform seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method provided by the application Figure Three ;

[0083] Figure 7The flowchart of the method for generating the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal based on the generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the present application is shown in the figure Figure Four ;

[0084] Figure 8 The device for generating the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal based on the tuning precise S transform provided in the present application is shown in the figure

[0085] Figure 9 The structural diagram of the electronic device provided in the present application is shown in the figure.

[0086] The specific embodiments of the present application have been shown in the above figures, and will be described in more detail hereinafter. These figures and the written description are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same numbers refer to the same or similar elements unless otherwise represented. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the embodiments consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0088] In the prior art, the time window function of the precise S transform method is specific. Since the short window function provides high time resolution but low frequency resolution, and the long window function provides high frequency resolution but low time resolution, the time-frequency spectrum obtained by using the specific time window function cannot achieve high resolution in both the time domain and the frequency domain, and thus the ability to extract information in strong non-stationary seismic signals is poor.

[0089] Based on this, the inventive concept of the present application is to provide a method for generating the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal based on the generalized tuning precise S transform, and to achieve high resolution in both the time domain and the frequency domain of the time-frequency spectrum. Based on this, a plurality of transform time windows are generated by increasing the time window control parameter, the same seismic signal is calculated by using the plurality of transform time windows, the time-frequency spectrum obtained by each transform time window is combined to obtain the final time-frequency spectrum, and thus the time-frequency spectrum with high resolution in both the time domain and the frequency domain can be achieved, and thus the ability to extract information in strong non-stationary seismic signals can be enhanced.

[0090] Figure 1 The scene diagram of the method for generating the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal based on the generalized tuning precise S transform provided in the present application is shown in the figure. As Figure 1As shown, the time-frequency spectrum generation process of multiple original seismic signals is distributed to different CPU cores, and different GPU cores are operated in parallel to improve the calculation efficiency, such as Figure 1 As shown, when multiple original seismic signals are received, for example, P original seismic signals are received, they are divided into Q seismic record groups, and the Q seismic record groups correspond to Q CPU cores respectively, and each seismic record group includes P / Q original seismic signals. Then, for each CPU, the CPU sends the P / Q original seismic signals included in the seismic record group corresponding to the CPU to the GPU corresponding to the CPU for tuning accurate S transform, and makes the CPU calculate the tuning accurate S transform result of P / Q seismic records included in the seismic record group corresponding to the CPU, and then the CPU calculates the local time-frequency spectrum according to the tuning accurate S transform result, and finally obtains the multi-channel time-frequency spectrum, i.e. the time-frequency spectrum corresponding to each original seismic signal. By distributing multiple original seismic signals to different CPU cores and operating different GPUs, parallel operation is realized, and the calculation efficiency is improved.

[0091] The technical solutions of the present application and how the technical solutions of the present application solve the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following specific examples can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some examples. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0092] Figure 2 The flowchart of the seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method based on the generalized tuning accurate S transform provided in the present application is shown Figure One As shown, Figure 2 The method comprises:

[0093] S201: Obtain the original seismic signal.

[0094] In the embodiments of the present application, the original seismic signal is obtained by a seismic monitoring device, such as a seismograph.

[0095] In practical applications, the original seismic signal is a real-valued function that represents the variation of seismic waves over time. The original seismic signal contains various characteristics of seismic waves, such as amplitude, frequency, and phase, but these characteristics are often mixed together in the original signal and difficult to separate directly.

[0096] In order to more accurately analyze the seismic signal, it is converted into a form that is easier to process, i.e. a complex seismic trace, also known as an analytic signal. The complex seismic trace is a complex function composed of the real part of the original seismic data signal and the imaginary part obtained by Hilbert transform. The complex seismic trace representation makes it easier for us to access and process the phase information of the signal. The original seismic signal complex seismic trace in the present application is:

[0097]

[0098] wherein, represents the original seismic signal complex seismic trace, x(t) represents the original seismic signal, y(t) represents the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, and i represents an imaginary number here.

[0099] S202: generating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, in order to obtain the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, it is necessary to first calculate the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal. The Hilbert transform is a linear operator that generates a function y(t) with the same domain as the function x(t), that is, the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal have the same domain, and the calculation formula of the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal is:

[0101] y(t) = H[x(t)]

[0102] wherein x(t) represents the original seismic signal, H represents the Hilbert transform, and y(t) represents the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal.

[0103] Then, the specific implementation of generating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal is:

[0104]

[0105] wherein f inst (t) represents the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, x(t) represents the original seismic signal, x'(t) represents the differential of the original seismic signal, y(t) represents the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, and y'(t) represents the differential of the Hilbert transform signal.

[0106] S203: differentiating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain the tuning rate of the original seismic signal.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, the instantaneous frequency f inst (t) of the original seismic signal is differentiated to obtain the tuning rate of the original seismic signal, and the specific calculation formula is:

[0108]

[0109] wherein c(t) is the tuning rate of the original seismic signal, f inst (t) is the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, and t represents time.

[0110] S204: generating N S-transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, the N time window control parameters corresponding to the N S-transform time windows one by one, and N being a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0111] In the embodiments of the present application, the time window control parameter is used to adjust the shape and size of the S-transform time window. First, N time window control parameters are preset according to N S-transform time windows, and then N S-transform time windows are generated according to the obtained tuning rate and the preset N time window control parameters. Each S-transform time window corresponds to a different time window control parameter, and the N S-transform time windows correspond to the N time window control parameters one by one. Each time window control parameter corresponds to only one S-transform time window, so by adjusting the time window control parameter, S-transform time windows of different shapes and sizes can be obtained to adapt to different characteristics of the original seismic signal. The one-to-one correspondence between the time window control parameter and the S-transform time window makes the S-transform more flexible in processing non-stationary seismic signals.

[0112] Specifically, the specific implementation manner of generating the S-transform time window according to the tuning rate and the preset time window control parameter is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] wherein w(t, f; τ) represents the S-transform time window, t represents the time to be analyzed, f represents the frequency to be analyzed, τ represents the center time of the S-transform time window, f represents the frequency to be analyzed, and k represents the time window control parameter of the S-transform time window and is positively correlated with the time window length. inst (τ) represents the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, Δf(τ) represents the difference between the frequency to be analyzed and the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal at τ, k represents the time window control parameter of the S-transform time window and is positively correlated with the time window length, and c(t) represents the tuning rate of the original seismic signal at t.

[0115] The detailed explanation is as follows: first, N different time window control parameters k are preset. For each preset time window control parameter k, an S-transform time window is calculated in combination with the tuning rate of the original seismic signal at t and the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal. The operation is repeated N times, and N different S-transform time windows are obtained by using different time window control parameters each time.

[0116] Optionally, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. When the original seismic signal changes relatively smoothly, a smaller N value can be selected, for example, N is 2, and two S-transform time windows correspond to low-frequency seismic signals, medium-frequency seismic signals, and high-frequency seismic signals, respectively. When the original seismic signal changes dramatically, a larger value of N is needed to capture more detailed information, for example, N is 10, and each S-transform time window corresponds to a specific time period and frequency range of the original seismic signal.

[0117] For example, Figure 3The figure shows a rotating diagram of a video window in a time-frequency plane, where the video window refers to a time-frequency window used for intercepting and analyzing a signal, and refers to a window function used for representing local characteristics of a signal in a time-frequency plane, i.e., a time window function in S transform. Since the tuning accurate S transform introduces a tuning rate, the tuning rate c(t) appears in the form of a phase correction factor The tuning rate c(t) adjusts the phase of the time window function, thereby changing the direction of the time window function in the time-frequency plane. With the change of the tuning rate c(t), the tilt angle of the S transform time window in the time-frequency plane also changes. Compared with the static transform time window in the conventional S transform, which cannot reflect the dynamic characteristics of the original seismic signal, the S transform time window in the generalized tuning accurate S transform can dynamically incorporate the original seismic signal into the S transform time window, and can adjust the direction and shape according to the transform of the original seismic signal. Therefore, the S transform time window can more accurately capture the local characteristics of the original seismic signal, and improve the accuracy of time-frequency analysis.

[0118] S205: generating N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and N S transform time windows, wherein the N S transform time windows and the N first time-frequency spectrums are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0119] In the embodiments of the present application, N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal are generated according to the tuning rate and the obtained N S transform time windows, wherein the N S transform time windows and the N first time-frequency spectrums are in one-to-one correspondence.

[0120] Specifically, the calculation formula of the first time-frequency spectrum is:

[0121]

[0122] wherein S(τ, f, c(t)) represents one of the first time-frequency spectrums, w(t-τ, f; τ) is one of the S transform time windows, x(t) represents the original seismic signal, f represents any frequency to be analyzed in the frequency axis, and τ represents the center time point of the time window function.

[0123] S206: merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal.

[0124] In the embodiments of the present application, when the N S transform time windows correspond to the N first time-frequency spectrums, the N first time-frequency spectrums are merged into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal.

[0125] Figure 4 The figure shows a rotating diagram of a video window in a time-frequency plane, where the video window refers to a time-frequency window used for intercepting and analyzing a signal, and refers to a window function used for representing local characteristics of a signal in a time-frequency plane, i.e., a time window function in S transform. Since the tuning accurate S transform introduces a tuning rate, the tuning rate c(t) appears in the form of a phase correction factor Figure 4As shown in the figure, the left side is an example signal of the original seismic signal, the right side is the time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal, and the black rectangular frame is the action range of the S transform time window. By adjusting the size of the time window control parameter K of the S transform time window, the resolution of the time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain can be adjusted at the same time. By finding the common area of the two S transform time windows, the resolution of the time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain can be improved at the same time.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, by obtaining the original seismic signal, generating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, then differentiating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain the tuning rate of the original seismic signal, generating N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and the preset N time window control parameters, generating N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows, and finally merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, compared with the prior art, the accurate S transform method for obtaining the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic signal, because the time window function used by the accurate S transform method is specific, it cannot obtain high-resolution time-frequency spectrums in the time domain and the frequency domain at the same time, and further the information extraction ability of the strong non-stationary seismic signal is poor. The present application sets multiple time window control parameters to generate multiple transform time windows, and calculates the time-frequency spectrum of the same original seismic signal through the multiple transform time windows, and finally merges the multiple time-frequency spectrums obtained to generate the final time-frequency spectrum, which is a high-resolution time-frequency spectrum in the time domain and the frequency domain at the same time, thereby improving the information extraction ability of the strong non-stationary seismic signal.

[0127] Figure 5 The flowchart of the seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method based on the generalized tuning accurate S transform provided by the present application Figure Two , on the basis of the above Figure 2 One specific implementation of step S206 based on the embodiment shown in the figure is:

[0128] S501: Calculate the average value of the N first time-frequency spectrums as the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, and the average value includes at least one of the following: arithmetic mean, geometric mean, weighted mean.

[0129] In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation method of merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal is to calculate the average value of the N first time-frequency spectrums as the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, and the average value includes at least one of the following: arithmetic mean, geometric mean, weighted mean.

[0130] For example, when the average value is the geometric mean, the specific calculation formula for merging the N first time-frequency spectrums into the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal is:

[0131]

[0132] wherein S opt represents the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, S(τ, f, c(t), k i ) represents the first time-frequency spectrum, N represents the number of S transform time windows, c(t) represents the tuning rate, k i represents the control parameter of the i-th S transform time window, f represents the frequency to be analyzed, and τ represents the center time of the S transform time window.

[0133] In the embodiment of the present application, by calculating the average value of the N first time-frequency spectrums as the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal, the resolution of the second time-frequency spectrum can be improved, so that the weak components in the seismic signal are more easily identified, and calculating the average value of multiple first time-frequency spectrums can enhance the robustness of the prediction model, so that it can maintain stable prediction performance when facing different original seismic signals.

[0134] Figure 6 The flowchart of the seismic signal time-frequency spectrum generation method based on generalized tuning accurate S transform provided in the present application Figure Three , on the basis of the embodiment shown in the above Figure 2 One specific implementation of step S205 is:

[0135] S601: Convert the original seismic signal into an original seismic matrix.

[0136] In the embodiment of the present application, the original seismic signal is converted from the form of time series into the form of a matrix, i.e., into an original seismic matrix. Optionally, each row or each column of the original seismic matrix represents the sampling value of the original seismic signal at different time points or on different seismographs.

[0137] S602: Convert each S transform time window into a time window coefficient matrix.

[0138] In the embodiment of the present application, each S transform time window is converted into a matrix form, i.e., a time window coefficient matrix.

[0139] S603: Perform matrix multiplication on the original seismic matrix and each time window coefficient matrix to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum.

[0140] In the embodiment of the present application, the original seismic matrix and each time window coefficient matrix obtained by conversion are multiplied in matrix to obtain a first time-frequency spectrum, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0141] S(t, f, τ) = Kd

[0142] wherein d is the vector of the original seismic data x(t), K is the time window coefficient matrix corresponding to the discrete tuning accurate S transform, K = w(t, f; τ) e-2πift S(t,f,τ) is in the form of a matrix of the first time-frequency spectrum.

[0143] In the embodiments of the present application, in order to accelerate the calculation speed of the first time-frequency spectrum, the idea of discrete Fourier transform is used to decompose the calculation of the first time-frequency spectrum into the product between a matrix and a vector, that is, to convert the original seismic signal into an original seismic matrix, and to convert each S transform time window into a time window coefficient matrix, so as to accelerate the calculation speed of the first time-frequency spectrum.

[0144] Figure 7 Flowchart of the method for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum based on a generalized tuning precise S transform provided by the present application Figure Four , on the basis of any of the embodiments shown in the above Figure 2 , Figure 5 or Figure 6 , after obtaining the original seismic signal, the method further comprises:

[0145] S701: determining, for the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum of each original seismic signal, a corresponding calculation unit, the calculation unit comprising at least one of a CPU core, a thread, a process, and a GPU, and the different original seismic signals corresponding to the same or different calculation units.

[0146] In the embodiments of the present application, for each original seismic signal, a corresponding calculation unit is determined according to its specific calculation requirements, such as the calculation of the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum, and the different original seismic signals can correspond to the same calculation unit or different calculation units, and optionally, the calculation unit comprises a CPU core, a thread, a process, and a GPU.

[0147] S702: sending the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal to the corresponding calculation unit, the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the same or different calculation units.

[0148] In the embodiments of the present application, after determining the calculation unit corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum of each original seismic signal, the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal are sent to the corresponding calculation unit.

[0149] Then, the specific implementation steps of determining the calculation unit corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum of each original seismic signal are as follows:

[0150] The historical calculation speeds corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum are acquired.

[0151] In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation speed of each calculation parameter, such as the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum, is acquired when the calculation parameter is executed in the past. The faster the calculation speed is, the lower the calculation complexity is.

[0152] The historical calculation performance and the current state of the plurality of calculation units are acquired.

[0153] In the embodiment of the present application, the historical calculation performance of the calculation unit includes the average calculation speed, the maximum calculation capability, the memory usage efficiency and other indicators when similar tasks are executed in the past, and the current state of the calculation unit includes the current calculation unit load, the available memory, the temperature and the like, so as to ensure that the processing capability of the calculation unit is not exceeded or the calculation unit is not overheated when the calculation task is allocated.

[0154] The calculation units corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum are allocated according to the historical calculation speed, the historical calculation performance and the current state.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present application, the most suitable calculation unit is allocated to each calculation parameter according to the historical calculation speed, the historical calculation performance and the current state, that is, the calculation units corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum are allocated. For example, the calculation unit with high historical calculation performance and in idle state, or the calculation unit with low load is preferentially allocated to the calculation parameter with low calculation complexity, that is, the calculation parameter with fast historical calculation speed, so as to ensure that the calculation task is efficiently completed and the waste of calculation resources is avoided.

[0156] In the embodiment of the present application, when the original seismic signals are one or more, after the original seismic signals are acquired, the calculation units corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum of each original seismic signal are determined, the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal are sent to the corresponding calculation unit, and the calculation units corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum are allocated according to the historical calculation performance and the current state of the calculation unit. The calculation unit with high historical calculation performance and in idle state is preferentially allocated to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transform time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum with fast historical calculation speed, so as to ensure that the calculation task is efficiently completed, the calculation time is shortened and the resource usage is optimized.

[0157] Figure 8 Provided is a device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal with tuned precise S transform. The device comprises an acquisition module 801 and a processing module 802, wherein the acquisition module 801 is configured to acquire an original seismic signal, and the processing module 802 is configured to generate an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal.

[0158] The processing module 802 is further configured to differentiate the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal. The processing module 802 is further configured to generate N S transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N time window control parameters, wherein the N time window control parameters correspond to the N S transform time windows one by one, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The processing module 902 is further configured to generate N first time-frequency spectrums of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S transform time windows, wherein the N S transform time windows correspond to the N first time-frequency spectrums one by one. The processing module is further configured to combine the N first time-frequency spectrums into a second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal.

[0159] The device for generating a time-frequency spectrum of a seismic signal with tuned precise S transform can execute the method provided in the method embodiment, and has similar implementation principles and technical effects. Therefore, no further description is given herein.

[0160] Figure 9 Provided is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device. As shown in the figure, the electronic device 9 provided in this embodiment comprises at least one processor 901 and a memory 902. Optionally, the device 90 further comprises a communication component 903. The processor 901, the memory 902 and the communication component 903 are connected through a bus 904. Figure 9

[0161] In the specific implementation process, the at least one processor 901 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 902, so that the at least one processor 901 executes the method described above.

[0162] The specific implementation process of the processor 901 can refer to the method embodiment described above, and has similar implementation principles and technical effects. Therefore, no further description is given herein.

[0163] ​In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the application can be directly embodied as hardware processor execution, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0164] The memory can include a random access memory (RAM), and can also include a non-volatile memory (NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0165] The bus can be an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, a peripheral component (PCI) bus, an extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, the bus in the drawings of the present application does not limit to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0166] The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium having computer executable instructions stored thereon, when the processor executes the computer executable instructions, a method for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum by tuning accurate S transform is realized.

[0167] The above computer readable storage medium can be realized by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or their combination, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. The computer readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0168] An example readable storage medium is coupled to the processor such that the processor can read information from the readable storage medium and can write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a part of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in the device.

[0169] The division of units is only a logical function division, and in actual implementation, there can be another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0170] The units described as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units, that is, can be located in one place, or can be distributed on a plurality of network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0171] In addition, the functional units in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be physically present separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0172] If the functions are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solutions of the present application or the part of the present application that essentially contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method of each embodiment of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0173] The application also provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, a method for generating a seismic signal time-frequency spectrum by tuning a precise S transform is realized.

[0174] It should be noted that, for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all described as a combination of a series of actions, but those skilled in the art should know that the present application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0175] Further, it should be noted that although each step in the flowchart is displayed in sequence according to the arrow, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence according to the arrow. Unless otherwise specified herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in sequence, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least part of the steps in the flowchart can include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, which are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed in rotation or alternation with other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0176] It should be understood that the above-described device embodiments are only illustrative, and the device of the present application can also be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of units / modules in the above embodiments is only a logical functional division, and actual implementation can have another division method. For example, multiple units, modules or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.

[0177] In addition, unless otherwise specified, each functional unit / module in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one unit / module, or each unit / module can exist physically, or two or more units / modules can be integrated together. The integrated unit / module can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software program module.

Claims

1. A method for generating time-frequency spectrum of seismic signals using generalized tuned precise S transform, characterized in that: include: Obtaining original seismic signals; generating an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal; Differentiating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal; Generate N S-transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N different time window control parameters, wherein the N different time window control parameters correspond one-to-one to the N S-transform time windows, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; Generate N first time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S-transform time windows, where the N S-transform time windows correspond to the N first time-frequency spectra in one-to-one correspondence; Merging the N first time-frequency spectra into a second time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal; Generating N S-transform time windows according to the tuning rate and preset N different time window control parameters includes: One of the S-transform time windows is calculated using the following formula: ； in, is one of the S transform time windows, t is the time to be analyzed, f is the frequency to be analyzed, is the central moment of one of the S-transform windows, The original seismic signal is The instantaneous frequency at time The frequency to be analyzed and the original seismic signal are The difference between the instantaneous frequencies at time t, k is a time window control parameter of one of the S-transform time windows, is the tuning rate of the original seismic signal at time t; Generating N first time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S-transform time windows includes: One of the first time-frequency spectra is calculated using the following formula: ； in, is one of the first time-frequency spectra, is one of the S-transform time windows, is the original seismic signal.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of merging the N first time-frequency spectra into a second time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal includes: An average value of the N first time-frequency spectra is calculated as a second time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal, where the average value includes at least one of the following: an arithmetic mean, a geometric mean, and a weighted mean.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Generating N first time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S-transform time windows includes: Converting the original seismic signal into an original seismic matrix; Converting each of the S-transform time windows into a time window coefficient matrix; The original earthquake matrix and each of the time window coefficient matrices are matrix-multiplied to obtain the first time-frequency spectrum.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that When there are one or more original seismic signals, after obtaining the original seismic signals, the method further includes: Determine a corresponding computing unit for each of the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum of each of the original seismic signals, wherein the computing unit includes at least one of the following: a CPU core, a thread, a process, and a GPU, and different original seismic signals correspond to the same or different computing units; The instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum corresponding to the original seismic signal are sent to the corresponding computing unit, and the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum correspond to the same or different computing units.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of determining a corresponding calculation unit for each of the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum of the original seismic signal comprises: Obtaining historical calculation speeds corresponding to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum, and the second time-frequency spectrum respectively; Obtain historical computing performance and current status of multiple computing units; According to the historical calculation speed, the historical calculation performance and the current state, corresponding calculation units are allocated to the instantaneous frequency, the tuning rate, the transformation time window, the first time-frequency spectrum and the second time-frequency spectrum.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Generating the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal comprises: The instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal is calculated by the following formula: ； Among them, the is the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal, is the differential of the original seismic signal, is the Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal, is the differential of the Hilbert transformed signal.

7. A time-frequency spectrum generating device for seismic signals using a tuned precise S-transform, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire original seismic signals; a processing module, configured to generate an instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal according to the original seismic signal and a Hilbert transform signal of the original seismic signal; The processing module is further configured to differentiate the instantaneous frequency of the original seismic signal to obtain a tuning rate of the original seismic signal; The processing module is further configured to generate N S-transform time windows according to the tuning rate and N preset different time window control parameters, wherein the N different time window control parameters correspond one-to-one to the N S-transform time windows, and N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; The processing module is further configured to generate N first time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal according to the tuning rate and the N S-transform time windows, wherein the N S-transform time windows correspond to the N first time-frequency spectra in a one-to-one manner; The processing module is further configured to combine the N first time-frequency spectra into a second time-frequency spectra of the original seismic signal; The processing module is further configured to calculate one of the S transform time windows using the following formula: ； in, is one of the S transform time windows, t is the time to be analyzed, f is the frequency to be analyzed, is the central moment of one of the S-transform windows, The original seismic signal is The instantaneous frequency at time The frequency to be analyzed and the original seismic signal are The difference between the instantaneous frequencies at time t, k is a time window control parameter of one of the S-transform time windows, is the tuning rate of the original seismic signal at time t; The processing module is further configured to calculate and obtain one of the first time-frequency spectra using the following formula: ； in, is one of the first time-frequency spectra, is one of the S-transform time windows, is the original seismic signal.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: Memory, processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions, which are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executed by a processor.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The invention comprises a computer program, which implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when the computer program is executed by a processor.

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