Seismic data spectrum decomposition method and system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform

Abstract

The invention relates to a seismic data spectrum decomposition method and system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. The method comprises the following steps: transforming three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; carrying out amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data in a preset range of the target horizon to obtain an effective frequency band; determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence in the effective frequency band; converting the spectral decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameter; performing three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data under each scale to obtain a corresponding three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient; determining the coefficient of three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle under each scale based on the coefficient of three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform; and converting the coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle to obtain a spectral decomposition result. According to the method, the correlation of the seismic data in the spatial direction can be fully considered when the spectral decomposition is performed on the three-dimensional data, and meanwhile, the anti-noise performance of the spectral decomposition can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and more specifically, to a method and system for decomposing seismic data spectrum based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Background Art

[0002] Seismic exploration is a very effective geophysical method in the process of finding oil, gas and coal fields, which includes seismic data processing and interpretation. Spectral decomposition is an important method in seismic data interpretation. The reflected waves from the upper and lower interfaces of thinner strata have characteristic performance in the frequency domain that indicates the depth of the time strata. This special tuning has a significant frequency domain response, and its frequency domain notch period depends on the thickness of the time strata. The larger the frequency domain frequency reduction period, the smaller the identifiable thickness. Spectral decomposition of seismic data can break through the usual 1 / 4 wavelength limit to distinguish the thickness of thin strata, and can be used to detect thin layers and laterally discontinuous geological anomalies, such as river sand bodies and faults of different levels.

[0003] The existing seismic data spectrum decomposition methods mainly include:

[0004] Prior art 1: Fourier transform: This method performs Fourier transform on the entire seismic data to obtain each frequency component. The disadvantages of this method are: it has no time resolution and cannot consider the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data.

[0005] Prior art 2: Short-time Fourier transform: This method uses a window function to intercept a signal at each time point, and then performs Fourier transform on the intercepted signal to obtain the local frequency component. Disadvantages of this method: poor frequency resolution, limited by the uncertainty principle; cannot consider the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data.

[0006] Prior art 3: Continuous wavelet transform: This method scales and translates the mother wavelet to form a series of wavelet families, and then performs an inner product between the wavelet family and the one-dimensional seismic data to obtain a series of continuous wavelet transform coefficients. The disadvantages of this method are: poor frequency resolution, limited by the uncertainty principle; difficult to select the mother wavelet; the result is in the time-scale domain, and the scale needs to be converted to frequency; and the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data cannot be considered.

[0007] Prior art 4: Generalized S transform: This method scales and translates the basis function according to the frequency to form a series of basis function families, and then uses the basis function family and one-dimensional seismic data as inner products to obtain a series of transformation coefficients. The disadvantages of this method are: poor frequency resolution, limited by the uncertainty principle; difficult to select basis functions; and inability to consider the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data.

[0008] Prior art 5: Matching pursuit method: This method first designs a series of basis functions based on the characteristics of the seismic wavelet, and then gradually selects the basis function with the largest inner product coefficient from the inner product of a series of basis functions and the seismic data, so as to decompose the one-dimensional seismic data into a weighted sum of many basis functions. For each basis function, a conventional time-frequency analysis tool is used to obtain a time-frequency spectrum, and finally the time-frequency spectrum of all basis functions constituting the signal is added to obtain the time-frequency spectrum of the seismic data. The disadvantages of this method are: the design of the basis function is relatively difficult; the result is not unique during the iterative solution process; the amount of calculation is large; the spatial correlation of high-dimensional seismic data is not considered, resulting in poor spatial directional stability. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and system for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform in view of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: constructing a seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data;

[0012] Performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band;

[0013] Determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band;

[0014] Converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters;

[0015] Performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0016] Determine the coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0017] The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are converted to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0018] In the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform described in the present invention, transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data includes:

[0019] Hilbert transform is performed on each seismic data of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0020] In the method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, the step of performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band includes:

[0021] Performing Fourier transformation on each piece of seismic data in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each piece of seismic data;

[0022] The amplitude spectra of all seismic traces are accumulated in the spatial direction to obtain the accumulated energy spectrum of the entire three-dimensional seismic data;

[0023] Integrate the accumulated energy spectrum in the frequency direction to obtain total energy;

[0024] The effective frequency band is determined according to the total energy.

[0025] In the method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, determining the effective frequency band according to the total energy comprises:

[0026] Calculate according to the total energy and in combination with the first calculation formula to obtain the low frequency end of the effective frequency band;

[0027] Calculate according to the total energy and in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain the high frequency end of the effective frequency band;

[0028] The effective frequency band is obtained based on the low frequency end and the high frequency end.

[0029] In the method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform described in the present invention, determining the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band comprises:

[0030] The effective frequency band is decomposed according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

[0031] In the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform described in the present invention, the target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlay wavelet;

[0032] The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated, including:

[0033] Based on the three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated.

[0034] In the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention, the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are determined based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale, including:

[0035] The coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale are optimized to obtain the optimal inclination and azimuth at the equilibrium position;

[0036] Based on the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle, the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are determined.

[0037] The present invention also provides a seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, comprising:

[0038] A transformation unit, used for transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data;

[0039] An amplitude spectrum analysis unit, used for performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band;

[0040] A frequency decomposition unit, used to determine a frequency sequence of spectrum decomposition within the effective frequency band;

[0041] A scale conversion unit, used for converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on a target wavelet parameter;

[0042] A wavelet transform unit is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0043] A selection unit, used to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale;

[0044] The spectrum conversion unit is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0045] The present invention also provides a storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the steps of the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform as described above.

[0046] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the steps of the above-mentioned method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

[0047] The method and system for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: including: transforming three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; performing amplitude spectrum analysis on complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band; determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band; converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameter; performing three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale to obtain the corresponding three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient; determining the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient; converting the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficient corresponding to the optimal angle to obtain the spectrum decomposition result. The present invention can fully consider the correlation of seismic data in the spatial direction when performing spectrum decomposition on three-dimensional data, and can significantly improve the anti-noise performance of spectrum decomposition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A two-dimensional profile of synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 A two-dimensional profile of complex three-dimensional seismic data obtained by synthesizing three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 Time slices of synthetic 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 The time slice of complex 3D seismic data obtained by synthesizing 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 The process of selecting effective frequency bands of synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0055] Figure 7 A two-dimensional profile of a 10 Hz spectrum decomposition result of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 8 The time slice of the 10 Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 9A two-dimensional profile of a 30 Hz spectrum decomposition result of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0058] Fig.10 The time slice of the 30 Hz spectrum decomposition result of the 3D continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic 3D seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0059] Fig.11 A two-dimensional profile of a 50 Hz spectrum decomposition result of a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0060] Fig.12 The time slice of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data provided by the present invention;

[0061] Fig.13 It is a principle block diagram of a seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which can solve the problem that the existing single-channel seismic data spectral decomposition cannot consider the spatial correlation and noise resistance of the data.

[0064] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform includes the following steps:

[0065] Step S101: transform the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0066] In some embodiments, transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data includes: performing a Hilbert transform on each seismic data of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0067] Specifically, the three-dimensional seismic data of the work area after offset and stacking is recorded as s(x, y, t), where x, y and t represent the indicators of the x direction, y direction and t direction of the three-dimensional seismic data respectively. The complex three-dimensional seismic data sh(x, y, t) can be obtained by performing Hilbert transform on each seismic data in the three-dimensional seismic data (i.e., fixed x and y):

[0068]

[0069] (1) In the formula, j is an imaginary unit and τ is a temporary integral variable. For the convenience of description, x, y and t are denoted as a vector x (i.e. x = [xyt] T ), the three-dimensional seismic data can be recorded as s(x), and the complex three-dimensional seismic data can be recorded as sh(x).

[0070] Step S102: performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band.

[0071] In some embodiments, performing amplitude spectrum analysis on complex three-dimensional seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band includes: performing Fourier transform on each seismic data in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each seismic data; accumulating the amplitude spectrum of all seismic channels in the spatial direction to obtain an accumulated energy spectrum of the entire three-dimensional seismic data; integrating the accumulated energy spectrum in the frequency direction to obtain the total energy; and determining the effective frequency band based on the total energy. Determining the effective frequency band based on the total energy includes: calculating based on the total energy in combination with the first calculation formula to obtain the low frequency end of the effective frequency band; calculating based on the total energy in combination with the second calculation formula to obtain the high frequency end of the effective frequency band; and obtaining the effective frequency band based on the low frequency end and the high frequency end.

[0072] Specifically, let the target horizon function be ht(x,y), and perform Fourier transform on each seismic data in the complex 3D seismic data sh(x,y,t) within t0 seconds above and below the target horizon (i.e., the preset range of the target horizon) to obtain the amplitude spectrum SH(x,y,f) of the single-channel data (each seismic channel):

[0073]

[0074] (2) In the formula, |z| represents the absolute value of the complex number z. The amplitude spectra SH(x, y, f) of all seismic traces are accumulated in the spatial direction to obtain the accumulated energy spectrum SH of the entire three-dimensional seismic data. aver (f):

[0075] SH aver (f)=|∫∫SH(x,y,f)dxdy| 2 (3).

[0076] The accumulated energy spectrum SH aver (f) Integrate in the frequency direction to obtain the total energy Energy:

[0077]

[0078] Therefore, by setting the threshold thre_ratio (usually set to 0.05), solving the following equation can obtain the low-frequency end f of the effective frequency band: min :

[0079]

[0080] Solving the following equation can obtain the high frequency end f of the effective frequency band max :

[0081]

[0082] Among them, formula (5) is the first calculation formula, and formula (6) is the second calculation formula.

[0083] Step S103: Determine a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band.

[0084] In some embodiments, determining the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band includes: decomposing the effective frequency band according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

[0085] The number of decompositions and the decomposition interval can be determined according to the actual spectrum decomposition, and the present invention does not make any specific restrictions. For example, assuming that the effective frequency band is [f min ,f max ], in the effective frequency band [f min ,f max ] to select the frequency sequence of spectrum decomposition of interest. Suppose the frequency sequence containing K frequencies is {f1,f2,…,f k , …, f K}.

[0086] Step S104: Convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameters.

[0087] Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, that is, a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, which can be expressed as ψ Mor (x) represents that its spatial domain expression is as follows:

[0088] Ψ Mor (x)=exp(iσx)exp(-0.5|Ax| 2 ) (7).

[0089] (7) In the formula, σ is the modulation wave vector, and the specific form is as follows:

[0090]

[0091] σ t The value of must usually be greater than 5.33; A is the anisotropic matrix, the specific form is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Suppose that the frequency sequence {f1,f2,…,f k , …, f K} is converted to a scale sequence as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Step S105: Perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0096] In some embodiments, performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes: performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale based on the three-dimensional Morlay wavelet, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0097] Specifically, the three-dimensional Morlet wavelet ψ Mor (x), at scale a k The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data sh(x) to obtain the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform

[0098]

[0099] (8) Where: θ and represents the inclination and azimuth, b is a temporary three-dimensional translation vector (the first two dimensions are the translation variables in the x and y directions, and the third dimension is the translation variable in the t direction), Represents the rotation angle θ and azimuth of the three-dimensional vector b z * denotes the conjugate of the complex number z.

[0100] Step S106: determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0101] In some embodiments, determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes: optimizing the coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale to obtain the optimal inclination and azimuth at the equilibrium position; based on the optimal inclination and azimuth, determining the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale.

[0102] Specifically, for scale a kThe coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform are Optimize to obtain the optimal inclination angle θ under the translation position x opt and azimuth as follows:

[0103]

[0104] From this we can obtain the k The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform coefficients under the translation position b are:

[0105]

[0106] Step S107: transform the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0107] Specifically, due to a k With f k There is a relationship between Each scale a k The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform CWT_3D opt (x,a k ) According to the scale a k The relationship between the frequency and the frequency can be converted into the result of spectral decomposition of three-dimensional seismic data to obtain the frequency f k The spectral decomposition result under is a three-dimensional non-negative data volume

[0108]

[0109] After the above processes are completed, K three-dimensional spectrum decomposition data volumes can be obtained.

[0110] See also Figures 2 to 12 , Figures 2 to 12 It is a schematic diagram of spectrum decomposition results of a specific embodiment.

[0111] in, Figure 2 A 2D profile of synthetic 3D seismic data (including random noise), with the x-axis being the abscissa and the time being the ordinate. Figure 3 The 2D section (including random noise) of complex 3D seismic data obtained from synthetic 3D seismic data, the abscissa is the x-coordinate and the ordinate is the time. Figure 4 It is the layer along which the three-dimensional seismic data is synthesized (including random noise), the horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate. Figure 5 The layer-by-layer slices (including random noise) of complex 3D seismic data obtained from synthetic 3D seismic data are shown in Figure 1. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the y-coordinate. Figure 6This is the process of selecting effective frequency bands for synthetic 3D seismic data. The upper figure shows the energy spectrum distribution of synthetic 3D seismic data, and the lower figure shows the normalized cumulative function of the energy spectrum distribution. When the threshold thre_ratio is set to 0.05, the low frequency band of the effective frequency band is 10Hz and the high frequency band is 65Hz. The three frequencies are determined to be 10Hz, 30Hz and 50Hz respectively. Figure 7 It is a two-dimensional section of the 10Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the time. Figure 8 It is the layer-by-layer slice of the 10Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data, with the horizontal axis being the x-coordinate and the vertical axis being the y-coordinate. Fig. 9 It is a two-dimensional section of the 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is the time. Fig.10 It is the layer-by-layer slice of the 30Hz spectrum decomposition result of the 3D continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic 3D seismic data, with the horizontal axis being the x-coordinate and the vertical axis being the y-coordinate. Fig.11 It is a two-dimensional section of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data. The horizontal axis is the x-coordinate and the vertical axis is time. Fig.12 It is the layer-by-layer slice of the 50Hz spectrum decomposition result of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of the synthetic three-dimensional seismic data, with the horizontal axis being the x-coordinate and the vertical axis being the y-coordinate.

[0112] Depend on Figures 2 to 12 It can be clearly seen that compared with the traditional spectrum decomposition results based on single-channel time-frequency analysis, the spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform in the present invention can not only fully consider the spatial correlation of seismic data, but also significantly improve the denoising effect of spectrum decomposition.

[0113] It should be noted that the present invention uses three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform to analyze the three-dimensional seismic data volume to obtain the spectrum decomposition results at each frequency. Although the selected mother wavelet is a three-dimensional Morlet wavelet with fixed parameters, the same effect can be achieved by replacing the above three-dimensional wavelet and its parameters.

[0114] The present invention also provides a seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, such as Fig.13 As shown, the seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform includes:

[0115] The transformation unit 131 is used to transform the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

[0116] The amplitude spectrum analysis unit 132 is used to perform amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band.

[0117] The frequency decomposition unit 133 is used to determine a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band.

[0118] The scale conversion unit 134 is used to convert the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on the target wavelet parameters.

[0119] The wavelet transform unit 135 is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0120] The optimization unit 136 is used to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale.

[0121] The spectrum conversion unit 137 is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

[0122] Specifically, the specific coordination operation process between the various units in the seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform can refer to the above-mentioned seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, which will not be repeated here.

[0123] In addition, an electronic device of the present invention includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to execute the computer program to implement any of the above methods for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the process described with reference to the flowchart above can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, and the computer program contains program code for executing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed by an electronic device and when executed, it executes the above functions defined in the method of the embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device in the present invention can be a terminal such as a notebook, a desktop, a tablet computer, a smart phone, or a server.

[0124] In addition, a storage medium of the present invention stores a computer program thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any of the above-mentioned methods for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform. Specifically, it should be noted that the above-mentioned storage medium of the present invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by an instruction execution system, device or device or used in combination with it. In the present invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries a computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. Computer readable signal media may also be any computer readable medium other than computer readable storage media, which may send, propagate, or transmit programs for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0125] The computer-readable medium may be included in the electronic device, or may exist independently without being incorporated into the electronic device.

[0126] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0127] Professionals may further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0128] The steps of the method or algorithm described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly using hardware, a software module executed by a processor, or a combination of the two. The software module may be placed in a random access memory (RAM), a memory, a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically programmable ROM, an electrically erasable programmable ROM, a register, a hard disk, a removable disk, a CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.

[0129] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable people familiar with the technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and they cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made to the scope of the claims of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for spectrum decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; Performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band; Determining a spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band; Converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on target wavelet parameters; Performing a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculating the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; Determine the coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficient of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; The coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are converted to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

2. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transforming of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data comprises: Hilbert transform is performed on each seismic data of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data.

3. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of the target layer to obtain an effective frequency band comprises: Performing Fourier transformation on each piece of seismic data in the complex three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an amplitude spectrum of each piece of seismic data; The amplitude spectra of all seismic traces are accumulated in the spatial direction to obtain the accumulated energy spectrum of the entire three-dimensional seismic data; Integrate the accumulated energy spectrum in the frequency direction to obtain total energy; The effective frequency band is determined according to the total energy.

4. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining the effective frequency band according to the total energy comprises: Calculate according to the total energy and in combination with the first calculation formula to obtain the low frequency end of the effective frequency band; Calculate according to the total energy and in combination with a second calculation formula to obtain the high frequency end of the effective frequency band; The effective frequency band is obtained based on the low frequency end and the high frequency end.

5. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence within the effective frequency band comprises: The effective frequency band is decomposed according to the decomposition quantity and the decomposition interval to obtain the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence.

6. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target wavelet parameter is a three-dimensional Morlay wavelet; The three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated, including: Based on the three-dimensional Morlet wavelet, a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform is performed on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale are calculated.

7. The method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale includes: The coefficients of the three-dimensional connected wavelet transform at each scale are optimized to obtain the optimal inclination and azimuth at the equilibrium position; Based on the optimal inclination angle and azimuth angle, the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale are determined.

8. A seismic data spectrum decomposition system based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform, characterized in that: include: A transformation unit, used for transforming the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain complex three-dimensional seismic data; An amplitude spectrum analysis unit, used for performing amplitude spectrum analysis on the complex 3D seismic data within a preset range of a target layer to obtain an effective frequency band; A frequency decomposition unit, used to determine a frequency sequence of spectrum decomposition within the effective frequency band; A scale conversion unit, used for converting the spectrum decomposition frequency sequence into a scale sequence based on a target wavelet parameter; A wavelet transform unit is used to perform a three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform on the complex three-dimensional seismic data at each scale, and calculate the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; A selection unit, used to determine the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale based on the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform at each scale; The spectrum conversion unit is used to convert the coefficients of the three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform corresponding to the optimal angle at each scale to obtain the spectrum decomposition result at each scale.

9. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is suitable for being loaded by a processor to execute the steps of the method for spectral decomposition of seismic data based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the steps of the seismic data spectrum decomposition method based on three-dimensional continuous wavelet transform as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 by calling the computer program stored in the memory.

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