A dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of dam safety, and discloses a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system. The method can monitor the dam in real time so as to timely discover the dam leakage problem; a central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters to obtain a seepage simulation model of the dam; the central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model; the central server obtains the dam information collected by a data acquisition module, wherein the data acquisition module is respectively arranged in the high-risk area and the low-risk area; the central server generates early warning information based on the dam information, and sends the early warning information to a monitoring terminal, so as to timely discover the dam leakage and inform the management personnel of the leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dam safety, and in particular to a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system. Background Art

[0002] Dams are structures built to prevent floods and tides, and are an important part of my country's flood control engineering system. Currently, many dams are deformed or even unstable due to the long-term high water level seepage force, which causes the loss of soil particles in the dam or the movement of local soil. Infiltration damage and deformation such as soil flow and pipe bursts often occur. Coupled with natural and man-made damage, some dams even have safety hazards of dam collapse. Dam breaches generally go through a slow-to-fast process of development, including the infiltration development stage, leakage development stage, collapse development stage, and collapse development stage. To achieve the goal of early and small-scale rescue, do a good job in real-time monitoring and monitoring of the operation status of dam projects, and predict the development trend of dangerous situations in advance, and eliminate dangerous situations in the bud stage is the top priority of dam safety monitoring at present.

[0003] The existing dam monitoring method is mainly manual regular inspection. This monitoring method consumes a lot of manpower, has low efficiency, has high professional requirements for inspectors, and is greatly affected by the external environment. There are various blind spots in time, and it is impossible to ensure real-time monitoring of the dam situation. At the same time, only the surface of the dam can be monitored by naked eyes, and the internal situation of the dam cannot be effectively detected. There is obvious lag, which leads to missing the best time for rescue and reinforcement. To this end, the present invention proposes a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system for real-time monitoring of the dam so as to timely discover the dam leakage problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system for real-time monitoring of the dam so as to promptly discover the dam leakage problem.

[0005] The technical solution proposed by the present invention is:

[0006] A dam leakage monitoring and early warning method is applied to a dam leakage monitoring and early warning system; the system comprises a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal; the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server; the data acquisition module comprises an osmometer and a camera; the osmometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera comprises an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to take an infrared image of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to take a high-definition image of the dam; the method comprises:

[0007] The central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters to obtain a seepage simulation model of the dam, wherein the hydrological parameters include water level, rainfall and flow;

[0008] The central server divides the dam into a high-risk area and a low-risk area along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model, wherein the seepage data includes seepage frequency, seepage volume and internal water pressure of the dam;

[0009] The central server obtains the dam information collected by the data collection module, wherein the data collection module is respectively arranged in the high-risk area and the low-risk area;

[0010] The central server generates warning information based on the dam information and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model, including:

[0012] The central server sets the hydrological parameters as the highest water level, the maximum rainfall and the maximum flow in a preset period in the past, wherein the unit of the preset period is year;

[0013] The central server divides the dam into a plurality of area segments, wherein the length of each area segment is a preset length, and the unit of the preset length is meter;

[0014] The central server runs the seepage simulation model and collects statistics of the seepage data of each of the regional segments in the seepage simulation model;

[0015] The central server sets the area segments where the seepage frequency exceeds the preset frequency, the seepage volume exceeds the preset seepage volume, and the internal water pressure of the dam exceeds the preset internal water pressure as high-risk areas, and sets the remaining other area segments as low-risk areas, wherein the unit of the preset frequency is times per day, the unit of the preset seepage volume is liters per second, and the unit of the preset internal water pressure is kilopascals.

[0016] Preferably, the piezometers are arranged inside the dam; the piezometers distributed along the width direction of the dam are arranged on the same cross-section of the dam, and the piezometers are respectively located in the middle of the water-facing surface, the middle of the dam body and the middle of the back water surface; the piezometers distributed along the length direction of the dam are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance in the high-risk area, and at equal intervals at a second preset distance in the low-risk area; the cameras are arranged on the top of the dam body, and the cameras are located on the cross-section; the cameras are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance in the high-risk area, and at equal intervals at a second preset distance in the low-risk area; the cameras include infrared cameras and high-definition cameras, and the infrared cameras and the high-definition cameras are arranged alternately.

[0017] Preferably, the central server generates warning information based on the dam information and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal, including:

[0018] The central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information collected by the data collection module;

[0019] If so, the central server generates an early warning message.

[0020] Preferably, the dam information includes the internal water pressure of the dam, the infrared image of the dam and the high-definition image of the dam; the central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information collected by the data collection module, including:

[0021] The central server generates a water pressure distribution map corresponding to the dam according to the internal water pressure of the dam;

[0022] The central server generates a temperature distribution map corresponding to the dam based on the infrared image of the dam;

[0023] The central server determines an abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and an abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map, wherein the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map is an area where the water pressure is greater than a preset water pressure value, and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map is an area where the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature value;

[0024] The central server determines whether there is an overlap between the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map;

[0025] If so, the central server determines that the dam is leaking, and marks the overlapping area of ​​the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map as a leakage area;

[0026] If not, the central server determines that the dam is not leaking.

[0027] Preferably, the central server generates warning information including:

[0028] The central server determines the warning level based on the water pressure distribution map:

[0029] The central server determines whether the first condition, the second condition or the third condition is met based on the water pressure distribution map, wherein the first condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-facing surface of the dam, the second condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-receiving surface of the dam, and the third condition is: the dam leaks to the point of breaking through the water-receiving surface of the dam;

[0030] If the first condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level one warning;

[0031] If the second condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 2 warning;

[0032] If the third condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 3 warning;

[0033] The central server generates warning information, wherein the warning information includes a warning level.

[0034] Preferably, the data acquisition module further includes a positioning module, the positioning module is arranged on the camera, and the positioning unit is communicatively connected with the central server; the method further includes;

[0035] The central server obtains the location information sent by the positioning module, and sends the location information to the monitoring terminal.

[0036] Preferably, the dam leakage monitoring and early warning method further comprises:

[0037] The data collection module collects dam information once every first preset time period in the high-risk area;

[0038] The data collection module collects dam information in the low-risk area once every second preset time period.

[0039] Preferably, each of the area segments is provided with a unique segment number; the central server stores the segment number corresponding to each of the area segments; the system further comprises a mobile terminal connected to the central server for communication; the mobile terminal is carried by the management personnel; the warning information comprises the segment number corresponding to the leakage area; the central server generates the warning information, and then further comprises:

[0040] The central server sends the warning information to the mobile terminal.

[0041] The present invention also proposes a dam leakage monitoring and early warning system, which is characterized in that the dam leakage monitoring and early warning method is applied; the system includes a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal; the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server; the data acquisition module includes a piezometer and a camera; the piezometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera includes an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to capture infrared images of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to capture high-definition images of the dam.

[0042] Through the above technical solution, the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

[0043] The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed in the present invention can divide the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas by establishing a seepage simulation model of the dam, and respectively set data acquisition modules in the divided high-risk areas and low-risk areas to monitor the dam, so as to timely detect the dam seepage and make an early warning. In specific applications, the central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters, thereby obtaining the seepage simulation model of the dam. The central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data simulated by the seepage simulation model. The data acquisition modules are respectively set in the high-risk area and the low-risk area with different densities, which is conducive to improving the pertinence of data collection, which can not only improve the monitoring effect, but also save equipment resources; the central server generates early warning information based on the dam information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the early warning information to the monitoring terminal, so as to timely detect the dam leakage, and inform the management personnel of the leakage, so that the management personnel can detect the leakage in time and take measures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of the first embodiment of the dam leakage monitoring and early warning method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0048] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0049] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in the field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0051] The present invention provides a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method and system.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1In a first embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, the system includes a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal (the monitoring terminal here is a computer terminal operated by a management personnel); the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server (the communication connection mode can be a wired connection or a wireless connection); the data acquisition module includes an osmometer and a camera; the osmometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera includes an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to take an infrared image of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to take a high-definition image of the dam; this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0053] Step S110: the central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters to obtain a seepage simulation model of the dam, wherein the hydrological parameters include water level, rainfall and flow;

[0054] Specifically, the central server performs simulation based on a simulation platform, which may be ANSYS, OpenFOAM, etc. The wireless communication method may be ZigBee, LoRa, Wi-Fi, etc.

[0055] Step S120: the central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model, wherein the seepage data includes seepage frequency, seepage volume and internal water pressure of the dam;

[0056] Specifically, as the hydrological parameters increase, the dam will begin to leak. The seepage simulation model can simulate the occurrence of dam leakage. The central server can count the occurrence of seepage and divide it into high-risk areas and low-risk areas accordingly. The high-risk area is an area with high seepage frequency, large seepage volume, and high internal water pressure; the low-risk area is an area with low seepage frequency, small seepage volume, and low internal water pressure. The unit of seepage frequency is times per day, the unit of seepage volume is liters per second, and the unit of internal water pressure is kilopascals.

[0057] Step S130: the central server acquires the dam information collected by the data collection module, wherein the data collection module is respectively arranged in the high-risk area and the low-risk area;

[0058] Specifically, the dam information includes the internal water pressure of the dam, the infrared image of the dam and the high-definition image of the dam. The data acquisition modules are respectively arranged in the high-risk area and the low-risk area with different densities. In the high-risk area, the number of the data acquisition modules is large and the density is high, while in the low-risk area, the number of the data acquisition modules is small and the density is low.

[0059] Step S140: The central server generates warning information based on the dam information, and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal.

[0060] Specifically, the central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information. If the central server determines that the dam is leaking, it generates the warning information and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal.

[0061] The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed in the present invention can divide the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas by establishing a seepage simulation model of the dam, and respectively set data acquisition modules in the divided high-risk areas and low-risk areas to monitor the dam, so as to timely detect the dam seepage and make an early warning. In specific applications, the central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters, thereby obtaining the seepage simulation model of the dam. The central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data simulated by the seepage simulation model. The data acquisition modules are respectively set in the high-risk area and the low-risk area with different densities, which is conducive to improving the pertinence of data collection, which can not only improve the monitoring effect, but also save equipment resources; the central server generates early warning information based on the dam information collected by the data acquisition module, and sends the early warning information to the monitoring terminal, so as to timely detect the dam leakage, and inform the management personnel of the leakage, so that the management personnel can detect the leakage in time and take measures.

[0062] In a second embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the first embodiment, step S120 includes the following steps:

[0063] Step S210: The central server sets the hydrological parameters to the highest water level, maximum rainfall and maximum flow in a preset period of time in the past (e.g., 50 years), wherein the unit of the preset period of time is year;

[0064] Specifically, in this embodiment, setting the hydrological parameters to the highest water level, maximum rainfall and maximum flow in the past 50 years can help better understand and predict the performance of dams under extreme conditions so as to conduct more accurate monitoring.

[0065] Step S220: the central server divides the dam into a plurality of area segments, wherein the length of each area segment is a preset length (e.g., 100 meters), and the unit of the preset length is meter;

[0066] Step S230: the central server runs the seepage simulation model and collects statistics of the seepage data of each of the regional segments in the seepage simulation model;

[0067] Step S240: The central server sets the area segments where the seepage frequency exceeds the preset frequency (for example, 10 times per day), the seepage volume exceeds the preset seepage volume (for example, 0.1 liters per second), and the internal water pressure of the dam exceeds the preset internal water pressure (for example, 50 kilopascals) as high-risk areas, and sets the remaining other area segments as low-risk areas, wherein the unit of the preset frequency is times per day, the unit of the preset seepage volume is liters per second, and the unit of the preset internal water pressure is kilopascals.

[0068] In a third embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the first embodiment, the piezometers are arranged inside the dam; the piezometers distributed along the width direction of the dam are arranged on the same cross-section of the dam, and the piezometers are respectively located in the middle of the water-facing surface, the middle of the dam body and the middle of the back water surface; the piezometers distributed along the length direction of the dam are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance (for example, 20 meters) in the high-risk area, and at equal intervals at a second preset distance (for example, 50 meters) in the low-risk area; the camera is arranged on the top of the dam body, and the camera is located on the cross-section; the cameras are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance in the high-risk area, and at equal intervals at a second preset distance in the low-risk area; the camera includes an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, and the infrared camera and the high-definition camera are arranged alternately.

[0069] Specifically, the piezometers distributed along the width direction of the dam are arranged on the same cross-section of the dam, and the piezometers are respectively located in the middle of the water-facing surface, the middle of the dam body and the middle of the back water surface, which is conducive to generating a more accurate water pressure distribution map; the first preset distance is smaller than the second preset distance; the infrared camera and the high-definition camera are alternately arranged at intervals, which is conducive to the high-definition camera taking high-definition images and sending them to the monitoring terminal when the infrared camera finds a suspected leakage point, so as to further judge the leakage situation of the dam.

[0070] In a fourth embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the third embodiment, step S140 includes the following steps:

[0071] Step S410: the central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information collected by the data collection module;

[0072] Step S420: If yes, the central server generates warning information.

[0073] In a fifth embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the fourth embodiment, the dam information includes water pressure inside the dam, an infrared image of the dam, and a high-definition image of the dam; step S410 includes the following steps:

[0074] Step S510: the central server generates a water pressure distribution map corresponding to the dam according to the internal water pressure of the dam;

[0075] Step S520: the central server generates a temperature distribution map corresponding to the dam according to the infrared image of the dam;

[0076] Step S530: The central server determines an abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and an abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map, wherein the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map is an area where the water pressure is greater than a preset water pressure value, and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map is an area where the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature value;

[0077] Specifically, the preset water pressure is 120% of the upper limit of the normal water pressure range, and the preset temperature value is 80% of the lower limit of the normal temperature value range, wherein the normal water pressure range and the normal pressure range are both obtained through historical data, for example: statistically analyzing the water pressure data at the same location in the past month, and respectively obtaining the average value and standard deviation of the water pressure data, and taking the average value of the water pressure data plus the standard deviation of the water pressure data as the upper limit of the water pressure data, and taking the average value of the water pressure data minus the standard deviation of the water pressure data as the lower limit of the water pressure data, and the normal water pressure range is between the upper limit of the water pressure data and the lower limit of the water pressure data. The normal temperature range is obtained in the same way.

[0078] Step S540: the central server determines whether there is an overlap between the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map;

[0079] Step S550: If yes, the central server determines that the dam is leaking, and marks the overlapping area of ​​the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map as a leakage area;

[0080] Specifically, after step 550, the method further includes: the central server obtains a high-definition image corresponding to the leakage area through the high-definition camera, and sends the image to the monitoring terminal.

[0081] Step S560: If not, the central server determines that there is no leakage in the dam.

[0082] In a sixth embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the fourth embodiment, step S420 includes the following steps:

[0083] Step S610: The central server determines the warning level based on the water pressure distribution map:

[0084] Step S611: The central server determines whether the first condition, the second condition or the third condition is met based on the water pressure distribution diagram, wherein the first condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-facing surface of the dam, the second condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-receiving surface of the dam, and the third condition is: the dam leaks to the point of breaking through the water-receiving surface of the dam;

[0085] Step S612: If the first condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level one warning;

[0086] Step S613: If the second condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 2 warning;

[0087] Step S614: If the third condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 3 warning;

[0088] Specifically, the first-level warning, the second-level warning, and the third-level warning represent the criticality of the leakage, and are arranged in order of priority of the criticality: the third-level warning is greater than the second-level warning, which is greater than the first-level warning.

[0089] Step S620: The central server generates warning information, wherein the warning information includes a warning level.

[0090] In a seventh embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the fourth embodiment, the data acquisition module further includes a positioning module, the positioning module is arranged on the camera, and the positioning unit is communicatively connected with the central server; the method further includes the following steps:

[0091] Step 710: The central server obtains the location information sent by the positioning module, and sends the location information to the monitoring terminal.

[0092] Specifically, the positioning module is used to help quickly find the seepage area.

[0093] In an eighth embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the third embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:

[0094] Step 810: the data collection module collects dam information in the high-risk area once every first preset time period (e.g., 1 hour);

[0095] Step 820: The data collection module collects dam information in the low-risk area once every second preset time period (eg, 2 hours).

[0096] Specifically, the first preset time length is shorter than the second preset time length.

[0097] In a ninth embodiment of a dam leakage monitoring and early warning method proposed by the present invention, based on the fifth embodiment, the area segment is correspondingly provided with a unique segment number; the central server stores the segment number corresponding to each of the area segments; the system further includes a mobile terminal connected to the central server for communication; the mobile terminal is carried by a manager; the early warning information includes the segment number corresponding to the leakage area; step 420, and then further includes the following steps:

[0098] Step 910: The central server sends the warning information to the mobile terminal.

[0099] Specifically, the segment number is used to quickly locate the area segment where leakage occurs.

[0100] The present invention also proposes a dam leakage monitoring and early warning system, which applies the dam leakage monitoring and early warning method; the system includes a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal; the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server; the data acquisition module includes a piezometer and a camera; the piezometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera includes an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to capture infrared images of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to capture high-definition images of the dam.

[0101] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0102] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dam leakage monitoring and early warning method, characterized in that: Applied to the dam leakage monitoring and early warning system; the system includes a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal; the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server; the data acquisition module includes an osmometer and a camera; the osmometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera includes an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to take infrared images of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to take high-definition images of the dam; The method comprises: The central server establishes a three-dimensional simulation model of the dam according to the structural parameters of the dam, and sets hydrological parameters to obtain a seepage simulation model of the dam, wherein the hydrological parameters include water level, rainfall and flow; The central server divides the dam into a high-risk area and a low-risk area along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model, wherein the seepage data includes seepage frequency, seepage volume and internal water pressure of the dam; The central server obtains the dam information collected by the data collection module, wherein the data collection module is respectively arranged in the high-risk area and the low-risk area; The central server generates warning information based on the dam information and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal.

2. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central server divides the dam into high-risk areas and low-risk areas along the length direction according to the seepage data of the dam simulated by the seepage simulation model, including: The central server sets the hydrological parameters as the highest water level, the maximum rainfall and the maximum flow in a preset period in the past, wherein the unit of the preset period is year; The central server divides the dam into a plurality of area segments, wherein the length of each area segment is a preset length, and the unit of the preset length is meter; The central server runs the seepage simulation model and collects statistics of the seepage data of each of the regional segments in the seepage simulation model; The central server sets the area segments where the seepage frequency exceeds the preset frequency, the seepage volume exceeds the preset seepage volume, and the internal water pressure of the dam exceeds the preset internal water pressure as high-risk areas, and sets the remaining other area segments as low-risk areas, wherein the unit of the preset frequency is times per day, the unit of the preset seepage volume is liters per second, and the unit of the preset internal water pressure is kilopascals.

3. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The piezometers are arranged inside the dam; the piezometers distributed along the width direction of the dam are arranged on the same cross section of the dam, and the piezometers are respectively located in the middle of the water-facing surface, the middle of the dam body, and the middle of the back water surface; the piezometers distributed along the length direction of the dam are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance in the high-risk area, and at equal intervals at a second preset distance in the low-risk area; the camera is arranged on the top of the dam body, and the camera is located on the cross section; The cameras are arranged at equal intervals at a first preset distance in the high-risk area, and are arranged at equal intervals at a second preset distance in the low-risk area; the cameras include infrared cameras and high-definition cameras, and the infrared cameras and the high-definition cameras are arranged alternately.

4. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The central server generates warning information based on the dam information and sends the warning information to the monitoring terminal, including: The central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information collected by the data collection module; If so, the central server generates an early warning message.

5. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The dam information includes water pressure inside the dam, infrared images of the dam, and high-definition images of the dam; The central server determines whether the dam is leaking based on the dam information collected by the data collection module, including: The central server generates a water pressure distribution map corresponding to the dam according to the internal water pressure of the dam; The central server generates a temperature distribution map corresponding to the dam based on the infrared image of the dam; The central server determines an abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and an abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map, wherein the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map is an area where the water pressure is greater than a preset water pressure value, and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map is an area where the temperature value is greater than a preset temperature value; The central server determines whether there is an overlap between the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map; If so, the central server determines that the dam is leaking, and marks the overlapping area of ​​the abnormal area of ​​the water pressure distribution map and the abnormal area of ​​the temperature distribution map as a leakage area; If not, the central server determines that the dam is not leaking.

6. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The central server generates warning information, including: The central server determines the warning level based on the water pressure distribution map: The central server determines whether the first condition, the second condition or the third condition is met based on the water pressure distribution map, wherein the first condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-facing surface of the dam, the second condition is: the dam leaks to between the center line of the dam and the water-receiving surface of the dam, and the third condition is: the dam leaks to the point of breaking through the water-receiving surface of the dam; If the first condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level one warning; If the second condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 2 warning; If the third condition is met, the central server determines that the warning level is a level 3 warning; The central server generates warning information, wherein the warning information includes a warning level.

7. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The data acquisition module further includes a positioning module, the positioning module is arranged on the camera, and the positioning unit is communicatively connected with the central server; the method further includes; The central server obtains the location information sent by the positioning module, and sends the location information to the monitoring terminal.

8. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Also includes: The data collection module collects dam information once every first preset time period in the high-risk area; The data collection module collects dam information in the low-risk area once every second preset time period.

9. The dam leakage monitoring and early warning method according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Each of the regional segments is provided with a unique segment number; the central server stores the segment number corresponding to each of the regional segments; the system further comprises a mobile terminal connected to the central server for communication; the mobile terminal is carried by the administrator; The warning information includes the segment number corresponding to the leakage area; the central server generates the warning information, and then further includes: The central server sends the warning information to the mobile terminal.

10. A dam leakage monitoring and early warning system, characterized in that: A dam leakage monitoring and early warning method as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied; the system comprises a data acquisition module, a central server and a monitoring terminal; the data acquisition module and the monitoring terminal are both communicatively connected to the central server; the data acquisition module comprises a piezometer and a camera; the piezometer is used to monitor the internal water pressure of the dam; the camera comprises an infrared camera and a high-definition camera, the infrared camera is used to capture infrared images of the dam, and the high-definition camera is used to capture high-definition images of the dam.

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