Multi-port array antenna layout detection method, system, device and storage medium

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of array antenna design, and to a multi-port array antenna layout detection method, including: obtaining layout information of the array antenna; selecting any port of the array antenna as a target port, exciting the target port and detecting the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, constructing a linear equation system based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and obtaining the scattering parameters of the target port; extracting the coefficient characteristics of the linear equation system and constructing a preconditioning operator based on the coefficient characteristics; calculating the scattering parameters of the ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioning operator; determining the isolation between the ports of the array antenna according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judging whether the array antenna layout design meets the standard according to the isolation between the ports of the array antenna, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result. The present invention can improve the detection efficiency of the multi-port isolation of a large-scale array antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of array antenna design, and in particular to a multi-port array antenna layout detection method, system, device and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] An array antenna consists of multiple antenna elements (such as dipoles, patch antennas, etc.) arranged in a certain pattern. Each antenna element has one or more ports, and the ports of the antenna element are used to connect feeders or transmission lines to transmit signals from the antenna to the receiver or transmitter, or from the receiver or transmitter to the antenna.

[0003] In the design process of array antennas, it is usually necessary to consider the isolation between different ports and the load matching of the ports. The isolation between the ports of the antenna is closely related to the antenna spacing, antenna placement, etc. At present, designers usually adjust the physical layout and matching network of the antenna to optimize the antenna design based on the isolation between different ports and the load matching of the ports.

[0004] Antenna isolation is defined as the degree of signal transmission attenuation from one antenna to another. The isolation between different ports of an antenna is determined by the scattering parameters of the antenna port (scattering parameters are also called S parameters). The existing technology often uses a full-wave algorithm to calculate the scattering parameters of multi-port array antennas. By exciting each port in turn, a linear equation system M is constructed. -1 Ax=M -1 r (where A is the coefficient matrix, M is the left preconditioning matrix, r is the excitation vector, and x is the solution vector). Then, the above linear equations are iteratively solved using the bistable conjugate gradient method to calculate the vector coefficient x, and the scattering parameters of the current port are obtained using x, thereby obtaining the isolation of each port of the array antenna.

[0005] When the array antenna is large, the calculation of the scattering parameters of a single port takes a very long time, and the calculation time of the array antenna isolation increases exponentially with the number of array antenna ports. The calculation time of the multi-port isolation of the array antenna greatly limits the efficiency of the array antenna layout optimization design. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to improve the detection efficiency of multi-port isolation of a large-scale array antenna, a multi-port array antenna layout detection method, system, device and storage medium are provided.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the present invention, according to a first aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a multi-port array antenna layout detection method.

[0008] The present invention provides a multi-port array antenna layout detection method, comprising:

[0009] S1: Obtaining the layout information of the array antenna;

[0010] S2: Select any port of the array antenna as the target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, construct a linear equation system based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and obtain the scattering parameters of the target port, wherein the linear equation system is used to express the relationship between the response and excitation of each port of the array antenna;

[0011] S3: extract coefficient features of the linear equation system and construct a preconditioning operator based on the coefficient features;

[0012] S4: Calculate scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner;

[0013] S5: determining the isolation between the ports of the array antenna according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judging whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the ports of the array antenna, thereby obtaining an array antenna layout detection result.

[0014] Optionally, determining the isolation between the array antenna ports according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judging whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the array antenna ports, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result includes:

[0015] Select the port combination of the array antenna {P i , P j}, i≠j, i and j are both positive integers less than n, i and j are both indexes of array antenna ports, and n is the number of array antenna ports;

[0016] According to port P i Scattering parameters and port P j The scattering parameter calculation port combination (P i , P j} isolation;

[0017] Combine the preset reference threshold with the port {P i , P j} are compared with the isolation values. If the port combination {P i , P j} exceeds the preset reference threshold, then port P i and port P j The layout design is not up to standard;

[0018] The port combinations that do not meet the array antenna layout design standards are integrated to obtain the array antenna layout detection results.

[0019] Optionally, the preconditioner includes a first preconditioner M1 and a second preconditioner M2, and the extracting coefficient features of the linear equation system and constructing the preconditioner based on the coefficient features includes:

[0020] Extracting the eigenvector of the coefficient matrix A of the linear equation system to obtain the first coefficient feature;

[0021] Selecting a preconditioning method matching the coefficient matrix A from a preconditioning method library according to the first coefficient feature;

[0022] Processing the elements in the coefficient matrix A using the selected preconditioning method to obtain a first preconditioning matrix M1;

[0023] Construct the first matrix M1 based on the first pre-conditioned matrix M1 -1 A, the first matrix M1 -1 A is the coefficient matrix after the preconditioning method;

[0024] Extract the first matrix M1 -1 The eigenvector of A obtains the second coefficient feature;

[0025] According to the second coefficient characteristics, select from the preconditioning method library the first matrix M1 -1 A matching preconditioning method;

[0026] Process the first matrix M1 using the selected preconditioning method -1 The elements in A are used to obtain the second preconditioned matrix M2.

[0027] Optionally, the first coefficient feature includes first eigenvalue distribution information, first sparsity information, first symmetry information and first positive definiteness information;

[0028] The second coefficient features include second eigenvalue distribution information, second sparsity information, second symmetry information, and second positive definiteness information.

[0029] Optionally, the linear system is expressed as M1 -1 ·A·x1=M1 -1 ·r1, where A is the coefficient matrix, M1 is the first preconditioner, the first preconditioner is the left preconditioner matrix, r1 is the excitation vector of the target port, and x1 is the solution vector; the scattering parameters of the target port are determined according to the solution vector x1.

[0030] Optionally, calculating scattering parameters of ports other than the target port in the antenna array according to the first preconditioner M1 and the second preconditioner M2;

[0031] The system equation for solving the scattering parameters of the ports in the antenna array other than the target port is M2 -1 M1 -1·A·x m =M2 -1 M1 -1 ·r m ;

[0032] m is the index of the port in the antenna array except the target port, and m is a positive integer; r m is the excitation vector obtained when stimulating port m, x m is the solution vector of port m;

[0033] According to the solution vector x m Determine the scattering parameters of port m.

[0034] Optionally, the method further comprises:

[0035] S6: adjusting the antenna layout according to the array antenna layout detection result, and updating the layout information of the array antenna;

[0036] S7: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to calculate the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout is updated;

[0037] S8: determining the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout update, and judging whether the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update meets the standard, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result;

[0038] Steps S6 to S8 are repeated until the isolation of the array antenna port combinations all meet the requirements.

[0039] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention also provides a multi-port array antenna layout detection system, the system comprising:

[0040] An acquisition module, used to acquire layout information of the array antenna;

[0041] A first processing module is used to select any port of the array antenna as a target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and construct a linear equation group based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation to obtain a scattering parameter of the target port, wherein the linear equation group is used to represent the relationship between the response of each port of the array antenna and the excitation;

[0042] A preconditioner generation module, used for extracting coefficient features of a linear equation system and constructing a preconditioner based on the coefficient features;

[0043] A second processing module, used for calculating scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner;

[0044] The detection module is used to determine the isolation between the array antenna ports according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and to judge whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the array antenna ports, so as to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

[0045] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention further provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0046] at least one processor; and,

[0047] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0048] The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the multi-port array antenna layout detection method described above.

[0049] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which at least one computer program is stored. The at least one computer program is executed by a processor in an electronic device to implement the multi-port array antenna layout detection method described above.

[0050] In summary, this application includes the following beneficial technical effects:

[0051] When detecting the isolation between ports of a large-scale array antenna, first select a port from the array antenna as the target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation; construct a linear equation group according to the excitation of the target port and the response of each port in the array antenna under the excitation, and use the linear equation group to calculate the scattering parameters of the target port; construct a preconditioning operator according to the coefficient characteristics of the linear equation group, and in the subsequent solution, add the coefficient characteristic information of the target port to the system equations of other ports in the array antenna in the form of preconditions, improve the properties of the coefficient matrix of the system equations corresponding to the other ports, and convert it into a more solvable equation group, thereby reducing the number of iteration steps when solving the equation group, accelerating the convergence speed of the iterative method, and then accelerating the calculation speed of the scattering parameters of the multi-port antenna, timely feedback on the isolation of the array antenna, and improving the detection efficiency of the multi-port isolation of large-scale array antennas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a flow chart of a multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 An explanatory diagram of an embodiment of a multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an electronic device for implementing the multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Reference numerals: 10, processor; 11, memory; 12, communication bus; 13, communication interface.

[0056] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal connection between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the multi-port array antenna layout detection method includes:

[0061] S1. Obtaining layout information of the array antenna.

[0062] The antenna layout information includes the physical layout and antenna parameters of the array antenna, wherein the physical layout includes the array shape, array unit spacing and the number of array units, and the antenna parameters include array gain, beam width, cross-polarization discrimination, antenna gain and polarization mode, etc. The number of ports of the array antenna is determined according to the layout information of the array antenna.

[0063] The layout information of the array antenna can be manually input by the staff, imported through an external device (such as a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, etc.), or read through a memory or a database. This application does not limit the method of obtaining the array antenna layout.

[0064] S2. Select any port of the array antenna as the target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, construct a linear equation group based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and obtain the scattering parameters of the target port; the linear equation group is used to express the relationship between the response and excitation of each port of the array antenna.

[0065] Any port of the array antenna is selected as the target port, and the scattering parameters of the port are calculated using the full-wave algorithm and iterative solution; the full-wave algorithm refers to the discretization of the continuous Maxwell equations, including FDTD (finite difference time domain), FEM (finite element method), and MoM (method of moments); the iterative solution of linear equations is also called the coordinate descent method, which is an iterative method for solving linear equations. It is based on continuous iterative adjustment of variables so that the objective function gradually approaches and eventually reaches the optimal result. The specific process includes initializing the variables of the objective function, evaluating and selecting the algorithm to calculate the gradient of the objective function, updating the value of the variable according to the gradient, and repeating the above steps until the objective function is close enough to the optimal value. This embodiment uses the iterative algorithm of the Krylov subspace to solve the linear equations.

[0066] The target port is stimulated by giving it a current signal or a voltage signal. The response refers to the action or result that the port of the array antenna starts after receiving the excitation signal. The excitation and response characteristics of the antenna determine its ability to transmit and receive electromagnetic waves.

[0067] In this embodiment, the excitation signal of the target port is a current signal, and the steps of constructing a linear equation system based on the response of each port of the array antenna under excitation are as follows:

[0068] The steps to construct a linear system of equations based on the response of each port of the array antenna under excitation usually include the following key steps:

[0069] S21. Determine array antenna configuration.

[0070] The array antenna configuration includes the number and arrangement of antenna ports and the port spacing. The number and arrangement of antenna ports are used to specify the number of antenna ports in the array and their spatial arrangement (such as linear array, planar array, etc.); the port spacing is used to determine the spacing between each port, which is usually related to the wavelength of the signal and the required beamforming characteristics.

[0071] S22. Define an excitation signal.

[0072] Determine the form of the excitation signal of each port (such as amplitude, phase, frequency, etc.), construct a vector representing the excitation state of each port, and record it as the excitation vector. The excitation vector is used to characterize the amplitude and phase information of the excitation signal.

[0073] S23. Calculate array response.

[0074] Calculate or measure the response of a single antenna port to a specific excitation signal (such as radiation field intensity, phase distribution, etc.); calculate the array factor of the entire array based on the spatial arrangement of the port and the excitation signal, which represents the radiation characteristics of the array antenna in the far field.

[0075] S24. Construct a response matrix.

[0076] According to the array antenna theory, a response model of each port under different excitations is established, and a matrix is ​​constructed based on the response model, where each row represents the response of a port to different excitation signals, and each column represents the response of different ports to the same excitation signal. The response matrix usually contains the response of the array antenna to all possible excitation combinations.

[0077] S25, forming a system of linear equations.

[0078] Using the response matrix and the known excitation vector, a system of linear equations is constructed to describe the overall response of the array antenna under a given excitation.

[0079] The expression of the linear equation system is M1 -1 ·A·x1=M1 -1 ·r1, where A is the coefficient matrix, M1 is the first preconditioner, the first preconditioner is the left preconditioner matrix, r1 is the excitation vector of the target port, and x1 is the solution vector. The solution vector in the linear equation system is usually some characteristic parameters of the array antenna, such as the complex weight coefficient of each port (used for beamforming), the amplitude and phase of the received signal, etc.

[0080] Then, the bistable conjugate gradient method (BICGSTAB, Stabilized BiConjugate Gradient Method) is used to iteratively solve the equations to calculate the vector coefficient x1, and the scattering parameters of the target port are determined according to the solution vector x1; the bistable conjugate gradient method is an iterative method for numerically solving asymmetric linear equations. The bistable conjugate gradient method belongs to the Krylov subspace method and is particularly suitable for solving asymmetric linear equations. The bistable conjugate gradient method is not restricted by the coefficient matrix must be symmetric positive definite, so it has a wider range of applications. The specific calculation process of the bistable conjugate gradient method includes multiple steps, such as calculating the initial residual, iteratively updating variables, calculating intermediate quantities, etc. Through continuous iteration, the solution of the equations is gradually approached. The algorithm involves the storage and update of multiple arrays and values, as well as a series of mathematical operations, such as inner products and matrix multiplications.

[0081] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, a three-port array antenna network (the array antenna has three ports) is used as an example to describe the process of determining the scattering parameters of the target port according to the solution vector:

[0082] The scattering parameters of the target port of the 3-terminal array antenna network include three calculations, and the three ports of the 3-terminal array antenna network are named port 1, port 2, and port 3 respectively:

[0083] In the first calculation, port 1 is connected first, and ports 2 and 3 are matched, so as to obtain the reflection coefficient S11 at port 1, the transmission coefficient S21 of the signal from port 1 to port 2, and the transmission coefficient S31 of the signal from port 1 to port 3. In the second calculation, port 2 is connected again, and ports 1 and 3 are matched to obtain the corresponding reflection coefficient S22, transmission coefficients S12 and S32. In the third calculation, port 3 is connected, and ports 1 and 2 are matched to obtain the corresponding reflection coefficient S33, transmission coefficients S13 and S23. After three iterative calculations, these results finally form the scattering matrix:

[0084]

[0085] The matrix [S] is the scattering parameters of the target port.

[0086] Similarly, for an n-terminal array antenna network (the array antenna has n ports, where n is a positive integer greater than 1), the scattering parameter calculation of the target port includes n calculations. The calculation method of the scattering parameters of the n-terminal array antenna network is the same as that of the 3-terminal array antenna network, except for the number of calculations and the size of the matrix [S].

[0087] S3. Extract coefficient features of the linear equation system and construct a preconditioning operator based on the coefficient features.

[0088] The characteristics of Krylov space and the results obtained from the first port excitation calculation are used to accelerate the solution of the excitation of other ports of the array antenna, so as to achieve the purpose of accelerating the prediction of antenna isolation.

[0089] This embodiment improves the traditional Krylov subspace iterative algorithm. The convergence speed of the traditional Krylov subspace iterative algorithm is affected by the distribution of the eigenvalues ​​of the coefficient matrix (impedance matrix) (especially some smaller eigenvalues); the Krylov space is also a set of orthogonal bases that constitute the eigenvector space of the coefficient matrix. When this space is large enough, the influence of smaller eigenvalues ​​can be gradually eliminated. The traditional Krylov subspace iterative calculation is inefficient when dealing with multi-port problems because when the excitation vector is replaced and a new round of calculation is started in the bistable conjugate gradient method, the information of the original Krylov space is lost, and the new excitation is equivalent to reconstructing the Krylov space. Therefore, if the smaller eigenvector obtained in the previous round of calculation is anchored and introduced into the next round of iterative calculation of the bistable conjugate gradient method, the overall scattering parameter solution will be accelerated, that is, the smaller eigenvector is anchored in the form of a precondition.

[0090] The preconditioner includes a first preconditioner M1 and a second preconditioner M2. The extracting coefficient features of the linear equation system and constructing the preconditioner based on the coefficient features includes:

[0091] S31, extracting the eigenvector of the coefficient matrix A of the linear equation system to obtain the first coefficient feature.

[0092] The first coefficient feature includes first eigenvalue distribution information, first sparsity information, first symmetry information and first positive definiteness information;

[0093] The first eigenvalue distribution information is used to represent the spectral characteristics of the coefficient matrix A, that is, the eigenvalue distribution of the coefficient matrix A;

[0094] The first sparsity information is used to indicate the sparsity of the coefficient matrix A, that is, to check whether the coefficient matrix is ​​sparse (i.e., contains a large number of zero elements). Sparse matrices can usually use specific preconditioning methods, such as incomplete decomposition;

[0095] The first symmetry information is used to indicate the symmetry of the coefficient matrix A, that is, to determine whether the coefficient matrix A is symmetric;

[0096] The first positive definiteness information is used to indicate the positive definiteness of the coefficient matrix A, that is, to determine whether the coefficient matrix A is positive definite;

[0097] Symmetric positive definite matrices can use specific algorithms such as the conjugate gradient method, and preconditioning techniques can also be more efficient.

[0098] S32. Select a preconditioning method that matches the coefficient matrix A from a preconditioning method library according to the first coefficient feature.

[0099] The preconditioning method library includes a variety of preconditioning algorithms, such as diagonal preconditioning method, block diagonal preconditioning method, incomplete decomposition method, etc.

[0100] Diagonal preconditioning uses the diagonal elements of the coefficient matrix or its inverse as the preconditioning operator, which is applicable to diagonally dominant matrices; for block structured matrices, block diagonal matrices can be used as preconditioning; incomplete decomposition methods include incomplete LU decomposition (ILU) and incomplete Cholesky decomposition (IC), etc. The incomplete decomposition method is applicable to sparse matrices. The above preconditioning algorithm is just an example, and other preconditioning methods can also be used to calculate the preconditioning operator, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0101] S33. Process the elements in the coefficient matrix A using the selected preconditioning method to obtain a first preconditioning matrix M1.

[0102] S34, constructing a first matrix M1 according to the first preconditioning matrix M1 -1 A, the first matrix M1 -1 A is the coefficient matrix after being processed by the preconditioning method.

[0103] S35, extracting the first matrix M1 -1 The eigenvector of A obtains the second coefficient feature.

[0104] The second coefficient features include second eigenvalue distribution information, second sparsity information, second symmetry information, and second positive definiteness information.

[0105] The second eigenvalue distribution information is used to represent the first matrix M1 -1 The distribution of eigenvalues ​​of A;

[0106] The second sparsity information is used to represent the first matrix M1 -1 The sparsity of A;

[0107] The second symmetry information is used to represent the first matrix M1 -1 The symmetry of A;

[0108] The second positive definiteness information is used to represent the first matrix M1 -1 The positive definiteness of A.

[0109] S36, select from the preconditioning method library according to the second coefficient feature the first matrix M1 -1 A matching preconditioning method.

[0110] S37, using the selected preconditioning method to process the first matrix M1 -1The elements in A are used to obtain the second preconditioned matrix M2.

[0111] S4. Calculate scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner operator.

[0112] Specifically, the scattering parameters of the ports in the antenna array except the target port are calculated according to the first preconditioner M1 and the second preconditioner M2;

[0113] Using common preconditioning on the coefficient matrix, such as sparse approximate inverse (SAI), incomplete LU decomposition (ILU) and other preconditioning, most of the eigenvalues ​​in the coefficient matrix feature spectrum can be concentrated near the unit value 1, and the influence of larger eigenvalues ​​in the feature spectrum on the convergence of the iterative process can be quickly eliminated. Therefore, it is assumed that M1 is a preconditioning operator, which can concentrate most (larger) eigenvalues ​​in the coefficient matrix feature spectrum within a very small range, thereby eliminating the influence of these eigenvalues ​​on the iterative convergence. Then, when changing to a new excitation, another preconditioning operator M2 is constructed using the smaller eigenvectors obtained in the previous round, so that it can eliminate some eigenvalues ​​(smaller) remaining in the feature spectrum after the M1 preconditioning, which can effectively eliminate the low-frequency components of the error in the iterative process, thereby further improving the iterative convergence speed.

[0114] In the preferred implementation of this embodiment, GMRES-DR (GMRES with Deflated Restarting) is used to iteratively solve the system equation M1 of the M1 precondition -1 ·A·x1=M1 -1 ·r1, and calculate the corresponding S parameters of the target port. GMRES-DR (GMRES with Deflated Restarting) is an improved GMRES method specifically for solving asymmetric linear systems. GMRES-DR significantly improves the convergence of the GMRES method by introducing a restart strategy and eigenvalue elimination (deflation) technology, especially when dealing with eigenvalues ​​with poor numerical performance.

[0115] GMRES-DR selects k smallest eigenvalues ​​at each iteration. GMRES-DR fully obtains the coefficient matrix M1 by continuously adding the harmonic Ritz eigenvectors corresponding to the k smallest eigenvalues ​​to the Krylov subspace under the new round of restart. -1 Estimate the k smallest eigenvectors of A. Use the eigenvector information obtained above to construct the eigenspectral preconditioner M2 for smaller eigenvalues -1 =In +U(|λ| max T -1 -I)U H , where T = U H AU, where U refers to M1 -1 The matrix obtained by orthogonalizing the minimum harmonic Ritz eigenvector of A, H represents the conjugate transpose of the matrix, I n represents the first identity matrix, I n The subscript n represents the number of solution vectors, I represents the second identity matrix, the dimension of I is consistent with T, and |λ| max Represents the absolute value of the largest eigenvalue encountered during the calculation of the linear equation system.

[0116] The system equation for solving the scattering parameters of the ports in the antenna array other than the target port is M2 -1 M1 -1 ·A·x m =M2 -1 M1 -1 ·r m ,

[0117] m is the index of the port in the antenna array except the target port, and m is a positive integer; r m is the excitation vector obtained when stimulating port m, x m is the solution vector of port m;

[0118] According to the solution vector x m Determine the scattering parameters of port m.

[0119] In the subsequent solution, a part of the minimum eigenvalues ​​has been added to the system equations to be solved in the form of preconditions. Therefore, the number of iterations for solving the residual wave port excitation will be significantly reduced, thereby speeding up the calculation of multi-port S parameters and providing timely feedback on the isolation of the array antenna.

[0120] Although constructing a double preconditioner increases the iteration time when solving the linear equations corresponding to the target port, the obtained preconditioner operator will reduce the number of iterations of the system equations corresponding to the subsequent ports, so that when calculating the scattering parameters of all ports of the array antenna, the overall number of iterations can be reduced to half or even 1 / 4 of the original number, thereby improving the detection efficiency of multi-port isolation of large-scale array antennas.

[0121] S5. Determine the isolation between the ports of the array antenna according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judge whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the ports of the array antenna, so as to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

[0122] Specifically, the specific steps of S5 include:

[0123] S51, select the port combination of the array antenna {P i , P j}, i≠j, i and j are both positive integers less than n, i and j are both indexes of array antenna ports, and n is the number of array antenna ports;

[0124] S52, according to port P i Scattering parameters and port P j The scattering parameter calculation port combination {P i , P j} isolation;

[0125] S53, combining the preset reference threshold with the port {P i , P j} are compared with the isolation values. If the port combination {P i , P j} exceeds the preset reference threshold, then port P i and port P j The layout design is not up to standard;

[0126] S54, integrating the port combinations that do not meet the array antenna layout design standards, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result.

[0127] The isolation of all port combinations in the array antenna is calculated, and the port combinations that do not meet the design standards and the port isolation values ​​corresponding to the port combinations that do not meet the design standards are stored in one set, and the port combinations that meet the design standards and the port isolation values ​​corresponding to the port combinations that meet the design standards are stored in another set. The port combination information in the two sets is sorted to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

[0128] In another embodiment of the present application, the multi-port array antenna layout detection method further includes:

[0129] S6. Adjust the antenna layout according to the array antenna layout detection result, and update the layout information of the array antenna.

[0130] Specifically, before adjusting the antenna layout, it is also necessary to obtain the design indicators of the array antenna. The design indicators include the return loss of the antenna network, port isolation, bandwidth, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern, gain, polarization direction, beam width and maximum sidelobe level, etc. The antenna layout is adjusted according to the design indicators of the array antenna, and the layout information of the array antenna is updated.

[0131] S7. Repeat steps S2 to S4 to calculate the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout is updated.

[0132] S8. Determine the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout update, and judge whether the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update meets the standard, so as to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

[0133] Steps S6 to S8 are repeated until the isolation of the array antenna port combinations all meet the requirements.

[0134] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-port array antenna layout detection system.

[0135] The multi-port array antenna layout detection system of the present invention can be loaded in an electronic device. According to the functions to be implemented, the multi-port array antenna layout detection system includes:

[0136] An acquisition module, used to acquire layout information of the array antenna;

[0137] The first processing module is used to select any port of the array antenna as a target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and construct a linear equation group based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation to obtain the scattering parameter of the target port; the linear equation group is used to express the relationship between the response and excitation of each port of the array antenna;

[0138] A preconditioner generation module, used for extracting coefficient features of a linear equation system and constructing a preconditioner based on the coefficient features;

[0139] A second processing module, used for calculating scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner;

[0140] The detection module is used to determine the isolation between the array antenna ports according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and to judge whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the array antenna ports, so as to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

[0141] The module described in the present invention may also be referred to as a unit, which refers to a series of computer program segments that can be executed by a processor of an electronic device and can complete fixed functions, and is stored in a memory of the electronic device.

[0142] The various variations and specific examples of the multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided in the above embodiment are also applicable to the multi-port array antenna layout detection system of the present embodiment. Through the above detailed description of the multi-port array antenna layout detection method, those skilled in the art can clearly know the implementation method of the multi-port array antenna layout detection system of the present embodiment. For the sake of brevity of the specification, it will not be described in detail here.

[0143] The present application also discloses an electronic device, such as Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device of a multi-port array antenna layout detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The electronic device may include at least one processor 10, a memory 11 connected to the at least one processor for communication, a communication bus 12, and a communication interface 13, and may also include a computer program stored in the memory 11 and executable on the processor 10, such as a method program for multi-port array antenna layout detection.

[0144] Among them, the processor 10 can be composed of an integrated circuit in some embodiments, for example, it can be composed of a single packaged integrated circuit, or it can be composed of multiple integrated circuits with the same function or different functions, including one or more central processing units (CPU), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors and various control chips. The processor 10 is the control core (Control Unit) of the electronic device, which uses various interfaces and lines to connect various components of the entire electronic device, and executes or executes programs or modules stored in the memory 11 (for example, a method for executing multi-port array antenna layout detection, etc.), and calls data stored in the memory 11 to execute various functions of the electronic device and process data.

[0145] The memory 11 includes at least one type of readable storage medium, and the readable storage medium includes a flash memory, a mobile hard disk, a multimedia card, a card-type memory (for example, an SD or DX memory, etc.), a magnetic memory, a disk, an optical disk, etc. In some embodiments, the memory 11 may be an internal storage unit of an electronic device, such as a mobile hard disk of the electronic device. In other embodiments, the memory 11 may also be an external storage device of an electronic device, such as a plug-in mobile hard disk, a smart memory card (Smart Media Card, SMC), a secure digital (Secure Digital, SD) card, a flash card (Flash Card), etc. equipped on the electronic device. Furthermore, the memory 11 may also include both an internal storage unit of the electronic device and an external storage device. The memory 11 can not only be used to store application software and various types of data installed in the electronic device, such as the code of the method program for multi-port array antenna layout detection, but also can be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0146] The communication bus 12 may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The bus is configured to realize connection and communication between the memory 11 and at least one processor 10, etc.

[0147] The communication interface 13 is used for communication between the above-mentioned electronic device and other devices, including a network interface and a user interface. Optionally, the network interface may include a wired interface and / or a wireless interface (such as a WI-FI interface, a Bluetooth interface, etc.), which is generally used to establish a communication connection between the electronic device and other electronic devices. The user interface may be a display (Display), an input unit (such as a keyboard (Keyboard)), and optionally, the user interface may also be a standard wired interface, a wireless interface. Optionally, in some embodiments, the display may be an LED display, a liquid crystal display, a touch-sensitive liquid crystal display, and an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, organic light-emitting diode) touch device, etc. Among them, the display may also be appropriately referred to as a display screen or a display unit, which is used to display information processed in the electronic device and to display a visual user interface.

[0148] Figure 3 Only an electronic device with components is shown, and those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 3 The structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device, and may include fewer or more components than shown, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently. For example, although not shown, the electronic device may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to each component. Preferably, the power supply may be logically connected to at least one processor 10 through a power management device, so that functions such as charging management, discharging management, and power consumption management are implemented through the power management device. The power supply may also include any components such as one or more DC or AC power supplies, recharging devices, power failure detection circuits, power converters or inverters, power status indicators, etc. The electronic device may also include a variety of sensors, Bluetooth modules, Wi-Fi modules, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0149] It should be understood that the embodiment is for illustration only and the scope of the patent application is not limited by this structure.

[0150] Furthermore, if the module / unit integrated in the electronic device is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be volatile or non-volatile.

[0151] The present application embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium, for example, including: any entity or device, recording medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM) that can carry the computer program code. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and execute the multi-port array antenna layout detection method of the above embodiment.

[0152] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", "an implementation", "a preferred implementation" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0153] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-port array antenna layout detection method, characterized in that: S1: Obtaining the layout information of the array antenna; S2: Select any port of the array antenna as the target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, construct a linear equation system based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and obtain the scattering parameters of the target port, wherein the linear equation system is used to express the relationship between the response and excitation of each port of the array antenna; S3: extract coefficient features of the linear equation system and construct a preconditioning operator based on the coefficient features; S4: Calculate scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner; S5: determining the isolation between the ports of the array antenna according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judging whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the ports of the array antenna, thereby obtaining an array antenna layout detection result.

2. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of determining the isolation between the ports of the array antenna according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and judging whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the ports of the array antenna, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result includes: Select the port combination of the array antenna {P i , P j }, i≠j, i and j are both positive integers less than n, i and j are both indexes of array antenna ports, and n is the number of array antenna ports; According to port P i Scattering parameters and port P j The scattering parameter calculation port combination {P i , P j } isolation; Combine the preset reference threshold with the port {P i , P j } are compared with the isolation values. If the port combination {P i , P j } exceeds the preset reference threshold, then port P i and port P j The layout design is not up to standard; The port combinations that do not meet the array antenna layout design standards are integrated to obtain the array antenna layout detection results.

3. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preconditioner includes a first preconditioner M1 and a second preconditioner M2. The extracting coefficient features of the linear equation system and constructing the preconditioner based on the coefficient features includes: Extracting the eigenvector of the coefficient matrix A of the linear equation system to obtain the first coefficient feature; Selecting a preconditioning method matching the coefficient matrix A from a preconditioning method library according to the first coefficient feature; Processing the elements in the coefficient matrix A using the selected preconditioning method to obtain a first preconditioning matrix M1; Construct the first matrix M1 based on the first pre-conditioned matrix M1 -1 A, the first matrix M1 -1 A is the coefficient matrix after the preconditioning method; Extract the first matrix M1 -1 The eigenvector of A obtains the second coefficient feature; According to the second coefficient characteristics, select from the preconditioning method library the first matrix M1 -1 A matching preconditioning method; Process the first matrix M1 using the selected preconditioning method -1 The elements in A are used to obtain the second preconditioned matrix M2.

4. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first coefficient feature includes first eigenvalue distribution information, first sparsity information, first symmetry information and first positive definiteness information; The second coefficient features include second eigenvalue distribution information, second sparsity information, second symmetry information, and second positive definiteness information.

5. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expression of the linear equation system is M1 -1 ·A·x1=M1 -1 ·r1, where A is the coefficient matrix, M1 is the first preconditioner, the first preconditioner is the left preconditioner matrix, r1 is the excitation vector of the target port, and x1 is the solution vector; the scattering parameters of the target port are determined according to the solution vector x1.

6. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Calculating scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the first preconditioner M1 and the second preconditioner M2; The system equation for solving the scattering parameters of the ports in the antenna array other than the target port is M2 -1 M1 -1 ·A·x m =M2 -1 M1 -1 ·r m ; m is the index of the port in the antenna array except the target port, and m is a positive integer; r m is the excitation vector obtained when stimulating port m, x m is the solution vector of port m; According to the solution vector x m Determine the scattering parameters of port m.

7. The multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to claim 1, 2, 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: S6: adjusting the antenna layout according to the array antenna layout detection result, and updating the layout information of the array antenna; S7: Repeat steps S2 to S4 to calculate the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout is updated; S8: determining the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna after the layout update, and judging whether the isolation between ports of the array antenna after the layout update meets the standard, and obtaining the array antenna layout detection result; Steps S6 to S8 are repeated until the isolation of the array antenna port combinations all meet the requirements.

8. A multi-port array antenna layout detection system, used to implement the multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module, used to acquire layout information of the array antenna; A first processing module is used to select any port of the array antenna as a target port, excite the target port and detect the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation, and construct a linear equation group based on the response of each port of the array antenna under the excitation to obtain a scattering parameter of the target port, wherein the linear equation group is used to represent the relationship between the response of each port of the array antenna and the excitation; A preconditioner generation module, used for extracting coefficient features of a linear equation system and constructing a preconditioner based on the coefficient features; A second processing module, used for calculating scattering parameters of ports in the antenna array except the target port according to the preconditioner; The detection module is used to determine the isolation between the array antenna ports according to the scattering parameters of each port of the array antenna, and to judge whether the array antenna layout design meets the standards according to the isolation between the array antenna ports, so as to obtain the array antenna layout detection result.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor (10); and, a memory (11) communicatively connected to the at least one processor (10); The memory (11) stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor (10), and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor (10) so that the at least one processor (10) can execute the multi-port array antenna layout detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer storage medium stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by a processor, the multi-port array antenna layout detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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