Fuse fault early warning protection device and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a fault early warning protection device of a fuse and a control method. The device comprises a sensing unit used for detecting state data of a fuse, the state data comprising one or more of temperature, vibration signals, ultrasonic signals and current; the controller is in communication connection with the sensing unit, and the controller is used for determining whether the fuse is abnormal or not according to the state data; and the alarm device is in communication connection with the controller, and the alarm device is used for giving an alarm when the fuse is abnormal. According to the scheme, the problem of low efficiency of a manual fuse inspection mode in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fuse monitoring, and in particular to a fault warning protection device for a fuse, a control method for the fault warning protection device for a fuse, and a fuse protection system. Background Art

[0002] The traditional 10kV drop-out fuse protection cover mainly provides physical protection, but has obvious deficiencies in real-time working status monitoring and fault warning. The traditional operation and maintenance method of 10kV drop-out fuses relies on regular inspections and manual testing by staff, which is inefficient and difficult to capture and warn of potential faults in a timely manner. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a fuse fault warning protection device, a control method for the fuse fault warning protection device and a fuse protection system, so as to at least solve the problem of low efficiency of manual inspection of fuses in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present application, a fault warning protection device for a fuse is provided, comprising: a sensing unit, for detecting status data of the fuse, wherein the status data comprises one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current; a controller, communicatively connected to the sensing unit, and the controller is used to determine whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data; and an alarm device, communicatively connected to the controller, and the alarm device is used to alarm when the fuse is abnormal.

[0005] Optionally, the sensing unit includes: a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the contact surface of the fuse tube of the fuse; a vibration sensor for detecting the vibration signal of the fuse; an ultrasonic sensor for detecting the ultrasonic signal of the fuse; and a Rogowski coil for detecting the current at the input end of the fuse.

[0006] Optionally, the fault warning protection device for the fuse further includes: a protective cover for protecting the fuse; and a buckle for fixing the protective cover.

[0007] Optionally, the fault warning protection device of the fuse further includes: a solar panel, used to supply power to the fault warning protection device of the fuse; and a lithium battery, used to supply power to the fault warning protection device of the fuse.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, a control method for a fault warning protection device of any one of the fuses is provided, and the method is applied to the controller of the fault warning protection device of the fuse, and the method also includes: obtaining status data of the fuse, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current; determining whether the fuse is abnormal based on the status data; and if the fuse is abnormal, determining the cause of the abnormality of the fuse.

[0009] Optionally, determining whether the fuse is abnormal based on the status data includes: determining that the fuse is abnormal when a preset condition is met, wherein the preset condition includes one or more of a first preset condition, a second preset condition, a third preset condition and a fourth preset condition, the first preset condition is a condition that the temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the second preset condition is a condition that the frequency of the vibration signal is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold, the third preset condition is a condition that the signal strength of the ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold, and the fourth preset condition is a condition that the amplitude of change in the waveform of the current is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold.

[0010] Optionally, in the case where the fuse is abnormal, determining the cause of the abnormality of the fuse includes: when a fifth preset condition is met, determining that the cause of the fuse abnormality is a first cause, wherein the fifth preset condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, and the vibration signal is a target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is a target ultrasonic signal, wherein the target vibration signal is a vibration signal generated when the fuse falls, and the target ultrasonic signal is an ultrasonic signal generated when an arc occurs in the fuse, and the first cause is aging of the fuse tube of the fuse; when the fifth preset condition is met, Under the six preset conditions, the cause of the fuse abnormality is determined to be the second cause, wherein the sixth preset condition is that the vibration signal is the target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the second cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse falls off; when the seventh preset condition is met, the cause of the fuse abnormality is determined to be the third cause, wherein the seventh preset condition is that the current changes suddenly, the vibration signal is the target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the third cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse is overloaded or broken.

[0011] Optionally, after determining whether the fuse is abnormal based on the status data, the method further comprises: controlling the alarm device to sound an alarm if the fuse is abnormal.

[0012] Optionally, the fault warning protection device of the fuse also includes a solar panel and a lithium battery, the solar panel is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse; the lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse, and before obtaining the status data of the fuse, the method also includes: obtaining the current light intensity; when the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, using the solar panel for power supply; when the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity, using the lithium battery for power supply.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, a fuse protection system is provided, the fuse protection system comprising: a fault warning protection device, the fault warning protection device being any one of the fault warning protection devices of the fuse; a control device, the control device being communicatively connected to the fault warning protection device, the control device being used to execute a control method for the fault warning protection device of any one of the fuses.

[0014] By applying the technical solution of the present application, a device for detecting fuses is designed, which can collect data related to the status of the fuses. The fuses can be inspected through these data. In case of abnormal fuses, an immediate alarm can be sounded to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures. There is no need for staff to conduct manual inspections, thereby improving the efficiency of inspections. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the fault warning protection device of the fuse is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal for executing a control method of a fault warning protection device of a fuse provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of a control method of a fault warning protection device for a fuse provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 4 The logical schematic diagram of the scheme is shown;

[0020] Figure 5 A structural block diagram of a control device of a fuse fault warning protection device provided according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0021] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0022] 102. Processor; 104. Memory; 106. Transmission equipment; 108. Input and output equipment; 10. Fuse; 11. Controller; 12. Alarm equipment; 13. Temperature sensor; 14. Vibration sensor; 15. Ultrasonic sensor; 16. Rogowski coil; 17. Protective cover; 18. Buckle; 19. Power supply equipment; 20. Lower terminal of fuse; 21. Insulating porcelain bottle; 22. Fixed end; 23. Bluetooth device; 24. NB-IOT Internet of Things device; 25. Temperature and humidity sensor; 26. Transmission cable; 27. Contact on fuse tube; 28. Fuse tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] When a fault actually occurs, it is difficult to quickly and accurately determine the type and cause of the fault due to the lack of real-time fault data support, which brings great challenges to subsequent troubleshooting and repair work. Although there are some devices in the prior art that can monitor certain states of fuses, such as temperature, current, etc., these devices often have single functions and lack a comprehensive solution for real-time monitoring, fault warning and protection functions for the working state of drop-out fuses. This limitation poses a great risk in ensuring the safe and stable operation of 10kV drop-out fuses. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a device that can monitor the working state of the fuse in real time, warn of potential faults and provide comprehensive protection functions.

[0027] As introduced in the background technology, the manual inspection method of fuses in the prior art is inefficient. To solve the problem, the embodiments of the present application provide a fuse fault warning protection device, a control method for the fuse fault warning protection device and a fuse protection system.

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] The present application provides a fuse fault warning protection device, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0030] A sensing unit, used to detect status data of the fuse 10, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current;

[0031] A controller 11 is connected to the sensor unit for communication, and is used to determine whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data;

[0032] The alarm device 12 is connected to the controller for communication, and is used for sounding an alarm when the fuse is abnormal.

[0033] Through this embodiment, a device for detecting fuses is designed, which can collect data related to the status of the fuses. The fuses can be inspected through these data. In the event of an abnormality of the fuse, an immediate alarm can be issued to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures. There is no need for staff to conduct manual inspections, thereby improving the efficiency of inspections.

[0034] Specifically, the fuse may be a 10 kV drop-out type fuse.

[0035] Specifically, the alarm device is installed at the lower end of the 10kV drop-out fuse fault warning protection device, and is used to monitor the flashing light and the beeping sound when a drop-out fuse fails to attract the attention of the operator.

[0036] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the sensing unit includes a temperature sensor 13, a vibration sensor 14, an ultrasonic sensor 15 and a Rogowski coil 16 (open-type Rogowski coil current transformer). The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the contact surface of the fuse tube of the fuse; the vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration signal of the fuse; the ultrasonic sensor is used to detect the ultrasonic signal of the fuse; and the Rogowski coil is used to detect the current at the input end of the fuse.

[0037] In this solution, by integrating multiple sensors, the operating status of the fuse can be monitored in real time, including key parameters such as temperature, vibration, ultrasound and current. Once an abnormality is detected, such as contact overheating, arc discharge, current mutation, etc., the system will immediately issue an early warning to help operation and maintenance personnel take timely measures to avoid the occurrence or spread of the fault. Through the data collection and analysis of the sensor unit, remote monitoring and diagnosis can be achieved, reducing the frequency and workload of manual inspections, while providing accurate fault information to support intelligent operation and maintenance decisions.

[0038] Specifically, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the change in the surface temperature of the contact on the fuse tube of the drop-out type fuse, the temperature change caused by the arc when the fuse tube falls or is re-energized. And the continuous temperature change caused by faults such as partial discharge on the contact of the fuse tube. The temperature sensor is directly opposite to the contact on the fuse tube. The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature change of the contact on the fuse tube, and the temperature change caused by the arc near the contact on the fuse tube when the fuse tube falls. The temperature sensor is designed to detect the temperature of the surface of the contact of the fuse tube of the fuse. By continuously monitoring the temperature of the contact, it is possible to promptly detect whether the contact is overheated due to poor contact or partial discharge. Overheating is a common precursor to fuse failure. Therefore, the temperature sensor can warn of potential faults and avoid fuse tube melting or equipment damage caused by overheating of the contact.

[0039] Specifically, the vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration signal of the drop-out fuse caused by partial discharge, external force damage, fuse tube tripping and dropping, drop-out fuse re-energization and other operations. The vibration sensor is used to detect the vibration signal of the fuse, especially the vibration caused by the fuse tube tripping and dropping. This sensor can capture the vibration of the fuse in an abnormal state. Combined with the data of the temperature sensor and ultrasonic sensor, it can accurately determine whether the fuse is automatically disconnected due to a fault (such as aging of the fuse tube) or affected by external effects (such as human operation and wind influence).

[0040] Specifically, ultrasonic sensors are used to monitor ultrasonic signals caused by arcs caused by the tripping and dropping of the fuse tube of a drop-out fuse, arcs caused by the re-energization of a drop-out fuse, and partial discharges on the contacts of the fuse tube. Ultrasonic sensors are used to detect ultrasonic signals generated during the operation of the fuse. When arc discharge or partial discharge occurs inside the fuse, high-frequency ultrasonic waves are generated. Ultrasonic sensors capture these signals, which helps to issue early warnings when arcs or partial discharges are still in the early stages, thereby avoiding further deterioration of the fault and ensuring the safety of the power system.

[0041] Specifically, the Rogowski coil is used to monitor the change of load current of the transmission cable, providing the load data basis for comprehensive determination of fault type and power restoration safety verification. The Rogowski coil is a high-precision current detection device that can detect the current change at the input end of the fuse. The output signal of the Rogowski coil is proportional to the rate of change of the current flowing through the coil, so it can be used to monitor the instantaneous change of current, such as the sudden change of current caused by overload or short circuit. This is very important for quickly determining whether the fuse has tripped due to overload or short circuit fault.

[0042] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the fault warning protection device of the above-mentioned fuse also includes a protective cover 17 and a buckle 18 (circular connecting buckle), the protective cover is used to protect the above-mentioned fuse; the buckle is used to fix the above-mentioned protective cover.

[0043] In this solution, the combined use of the protective cover and the buckle can significantly improve the protection capability of the fuse. The protective cover isolates the direct contact between the fuse and the harsh environment, while the buckle ensures the stable fixation of the protective cover. Under the combined effect, the operating environment of the fuse is optimized, the interference of external factors on the normal operation of the equipment is reduced, and the stability and safety of the power system are improved. By effectively isolating the invasion of the external environment, the protective cover can help extend the service life of the fuse. It avoids the erosion of the contacts by rain, dust, etc., and reduces the risk of oxidation, wear and corrosion of the contacts. At the same time, the protective cover can also reduce the damage of ultraviolet rays to the insulating material and prolong the retention time of the insulating performance. The detachable design of the protective cover and the buckle makes the maintenance and inspection of the fuse more convenient. The operation and maintenance personnel can easily open the protective cover to inspect, clean or replace the fuse without disassembling the entire fault warning protection device, which improves the maintenance efficiency. At the same time, the presence of the protective cover also provides an additional safety barrier, reducing the risk of electric shock when the operator touches the fuse.

[0044] Specifically, the controller is tightly connected to the transparent protective cover through a circular connection buckle. A through hole is provided inside the circular connection buckle, and the temperature sensor arranged on the transparent protective cover is connected to the main control board of the controller through the through hole.

[0045] Specifically, the protective cover is an external structure of the device, which is designed to cover and protect the fuse, especially the fuse tube and its contact part. The protective cover can prevent external environmental factors such as rain, dust, foreign matter and ultraviolet rays from directly damaging the fuse and extend the service life of the equipment. In addition, the protective cover can also provide certain protection and reduce the risk of fuse damage caused by external force collision or vibration.

[0046] The clip is a connection device used to securely attach the protective cover to the fuse, ensuring that the protective cover remains stable under various operating conditions and will not fall off due to wind, vibration or other external forces. The circular connection clip design ensures a seamless connection between the protective cover and the fuse, while facilitating installation and removal without affecting the normal operation of the fuse.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned fuse fault warning protection device also includes a power supply device 19.

[0048] In some embodiments, the fault warning protection device of the fuse further includes a solar panel and a lithium battery. The solar panel is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse; the lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse.

[0049] In this solution, the use of solar panels greatly reduces the dependence on traditional electricity, reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions, and is in line with the current trend of green energy and sustainable development. This design makes the fault warning protection device more environmentally friendly, while also reducing operating costs, with obvious economic benefits. The combination of solar panels and lithium batteries enables the fault warning protection device to have the ability to operate autonomously, no longer limited by the coverage of the power grid and the stability of power supply. This means that the device can be deployed in remote areas or locations that are difficult to access the power grid, increasing the application scope and flexibility of the early warning protection system. Combining solar panels and lithium batteries, intelligent power consumption management strategies can be adopted, such as charging lithium batteries when there is sufficient solar energy, switching to lithium batteries for power supply when there is insufficient light, or putting some modules into sleep mode during non-critical monitoring periods, to further reduce power consumption and extend the use time of lithium batteries.

[0050] Specifically, the power supply device includes a solar panel arranged on the surface of the fault warning device (controller), a lithium battery arranged inside the cavity of the fault warning device, and a power control module, which is used to provide an autonomous power supply for the circuit module of the fault warning device. Ensure that in the case of insufficient solar energy or at night, the lithium battery should be able to automatically switch to the power supply mode to ensure the normal operation of the early warning system. At the same time, the entire circuit module adopts a low-power design, selects low-power sensors and communication modules, and optimizes the power management strategy to ensure that the protective cover can continue to operate stably when powered by solar energy or lithium batteries. A sleep-wake mechanism is used to put the device into sleep mode when real-time monitoring is not required to reduce energy consumption.

[0051] Solar panels are a renewable energy power supply device that can convert sunlight into electrical energy and power fault warning protection devices. Under sufficient sunlight conditions, solar panels can provide a continuous supply of electricity to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring and warning system. Since solar energy is a free and almost unlimited energy source, the use of solar panels can significantly reduce the operating costs of the device while reducing dependence on traditional power networks.

[0052] Lithium batteries are high-performance portable energy storage devices that can provide power for fault warning protection devices when solar panels are unable to supply power (such as at night or on rainy days). The high energy density and long cycle life of lithium batteries enable them to store enough electricity to meet long-term power supply needs. When the solar panel is insufficiently powered, the lithium battery will automatically switch to power supply mode to ensure uninterrupted operation of the system.

[0053] Specifically, a 10kV drop-out fuse fault warning protection device of the present application consists of two parts: a transparent protective cover installed on the upper end of the drop-out fuse, and a controller installed on the insulator end of the transparent protective cover.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the above-mentioned fuse fault warning protection device may also include a fuse lower terminal 20, an insulating porcelain bottle 21, a fixed end 22 (for connecting a mounting bracket), a Bluetooth device 23, an NB-IOT Internet of Things device 24, a temperature and humidity sensor 25, a transmission cable 26, a fuse tube upper contact 27, and a fuse tube 28.

[0055] The fuse lower terminal is the interface between the fuse and the transmission cable or other parts of the power system. It allows current to pass through the fuse and also facilitates disconnecting the circuit when maintaining or replacing the fuse.

[0056] The insulating porcelain bottle is an insulator made of ceramic material, which can ensure the electrical isolation between the fuse and the mounting bracket or the ground to prevent current leakage and short circuit, while providing support to keep the fuse stable in harsh environments.

[0057] The fixed end (used to connect the mounting bracket) is used to fix the fault warning protection device of the fuse in a predetermined position. It ensures that the device is stably installed on the power facility and will not be moved or damaged due to wind, vibration or other external forces.

[0058] The Bluetooth device is used to communicate with a handheld terminal (such as a mobile phone) to store necessary information (including the on-site latitude and longitude information obtained from the GPS module of the handheld terminal, the specifications and models of the drop-type fuse, the installer, the installation time, the maintenance time, etc.) in the main control board of the fault warning device (i.e., the controller) during the installation process of the 10kV drop-type fuse fault warning protection device, so as to prepare for subsequent fault warning and maintenance. The Bluetooth device automatically sleeps after the installation of the 10kV drop-type fuse fault warning protection device is completed to avoid consuming electricity and reduce power consumption.

[0059] NB-IOT IoT devices are used to send fault warning signals to the background monitoring system based on the real-time sensor units and the multi-sensor fusion algorithm. The sensor signal adopts the interrupt mode, and the dormant main control board is awakened only when the sensor signal exceeds a certain threshold to reduce the operating power consumption. At the same time, the fault warning protection device also sends a connection signal regularly (such as 30 minutes), indicating that the fault warning protection device is operating normally.

[0060] Temperature and humidity sensors are used to monitor the temperature and humidity of the environment where the fuse is located. Abnormal temperature and humidity conditions may affect the performance of the fuse and even cause failure. By continuously monitoring environmental conditions, potential risks can be warned and ensure that the fuse operates in a suitable environment.

[0061] The transmission cable is a conductor used to transmit electricity in the power system. In this solution, it is the connection point between the fault warning protection device and the power system. The current enters the fuse through the transmission cable. When the current is abnormal, the fault warning protection device can monitor and warn.

[0062] The upper contact of the fuse tube is the part that contacts the fuse tube and the fuse, and is used for conducting electricity. By monitoring the status of the upper contact (such as temperature and vibration), the working condition of the fuse tube can be judged, whether there are problems such as poor contact and partial discharge.

[0063] The fuse tube is a key safety component. When an overcurrent passes through, the fuse (fuse) inside the fuse tube will melt, thereby disconnecting the circuit and preventing the power system from being damaged due to overload. The state of the fuse tube (such as whether it is melted) is an important indicator to determine whether the fuse is working properly.

[0064] As mentioned above, the traditional 10kV drop-out fuse protection cover only provides physical protection, and cannot monitor the working status of the fuse in real time, nor can it issue an early warning when a fault is about to occur. This application integrates multiple sensors and advanced monitoring technologies to monitor the working status of the fuse in real time, and promptly issues an early warning signal when an abnormality is detected, greatly improving the ability to prevent and handle faults. It can provide comprehensive monitoring and early warning functions, covering multiple aspects such as typical faults of fuse tube contacts, judgment of the cause of fuse tube tripping and drop, and power supply and closing safety verification.

[0065] When a fault occurs, due to the lack of real-time fault data, it is difficult for operation and maintenance personnel to accurately determine the cause of the fault, making it difficult to troubleshoot and repair the fault. This application can quickly collect and analyze fault data through real-time monitoring and fault warning, provide accurate fault information to operation and maintenance personnel, and help quickly locate and solve faults.

[0066] The method embodiments provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device. Taking running on a mobile terminal as an example, Figure 2 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a mobile terminal of a control method of a fuse fault warning protection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the mobile terminal may include one or more ( Figure 2 Only one is shown in the figure) a processor 102 (the processor 102 may include but is not limited to a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 for storing data, wherein the mobile terminal may also include a transmission device 106 and an input / output device 108 for communication functions. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 2 The structure shown is only for illustration and does not limit the structure of the mobile terminal. Figure 2 More or fewer components as shown, or with Figure 2 Different configurations shown.

[0067] The memory 104 can be used to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as the computer program corresponding to the display method of device information in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the computer program stored in the memory 104, that is, the above method is implemented. The memory 104 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some examples, the memory 104 may further include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the mobile terminal via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include but are not limited to the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and a combination thereof. The transmission device 106 is used to receive or send data via a network. The above-mentioned specific examples of the network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider of the mobile terminal. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, referred to as NIC), which can be connected to other network devices through a base station so as to communicate with the Internet. In one example, the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (RF) module, which is used to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0068] In this embodiment, a control method for a fault warning protection device of a fuse running on a mobile terminal, a computer terminal or a similar computing device is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0069] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a control method of a fault warning protection device of a fuse according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0070] like Figure 3 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0071] Step S301, obtaining status data of the fuse, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current;

[0072] Specifically, Figure 4As shown in FIG. 1 , the above steps involve the sensing unit in the fault warning protection device, including a temperature sensor, a vibration sensor, an ultrasonic sensor and a Rogowski coil (open Rogowski coil current transformer), which respectively monitor the temperature, vibration, ultrasonic wave and current change of the fuse. These sensors will continuously collect the operating status information of the fuse and send the data to the main control board for analysis and processing.

[0073] By collecting and analyzing the multi-dimensional status data of the fuse in real time, we can fully understand the operating status of the fuse and capture any possible abnormal changes in time. This multi-sensor fusion method improves the accuracy and timeliness of fault detection, and can warn of potential faults and avoid fault escalation.

[0074] Step S302, determining whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data;

[0075] Specifically, after receiving the status data, the system analyzes whether the data exceeds the normal range based on the preset fault discrimination algorithm and threshold. If the data indicates that the fuse is too hot, vibrates abnormally, has ultrasonic signals (usually means arc discharge) or current changes suddenly, the main control board will determine that the fuse may be in an abnormal state.

[0076] Through abnormal detection based on status data, the fault of the fuse can be accurately identified, avoiding the blindness and inefficiency of manual inspection. This process is automated and can be carried out 24 hours a day, greatly improving the reliability and speed of fault detection and helping to quickly respond to and handle faults.

[0077] Step S303: in the case that the fuse is abnormal, determining the abnormal cause of the fuse.

[0078] Specifically, once the fuse is determined to be abnormal, the specific state data will be further analyzed to determine the cause of the abnormality. For example, if the temperature sensor data shows that the contact is overheated, it may be a poor contact; if the current suddenly changes, it may be due to overload or short circuit; if there is an ultrasonic signal, it may mean arc discharge or partial discharge.

[0079] Accurately locating the cause of an abnormality can help operation and maintenance personnel quickly take targeted maintenance measures, reducing the time and cost of troubleshooting. At the same time, this data-based analysis method also provides a basis for fault prevention. Through regular inspection and maintenance, the occurrence of faults can be reduced, thereby improving the operating efficiency and safety of the power system.

[0080] Through this embodiment, from data collection, abnormal detection to cause analysis, fuse failures can be effectively prevented and handled, and the operation and maintenance efficiency and reliability of the power system are improved. This mechanism combines intelligent data analysis and real-time communication technology, providing strong technical support for the healthy operation of the power system.

[0081] Specifically, the above method can be applied to the above controller of the fault warning protection device of the above fuse.

[0082] In the specific implementation process, according to the above-mentioned status data, determining whether the above-mentioned fuse is abnormal can be achieved through the following steps: when the preset conditions are met, determining that the above-mentioned fuse is abnormal, wherein the above-mentioned preset conditions include one or more of the first preset condition, the second preset condition, the third preset condition and the fourth preset condition, the above-mentioned first preset condition is the condition that the above-mentioned temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the above-mentioned second preset condition is the condition that the frequency of the above-mentioned vibration signal is greater than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, the above-mentioned third preset condition is the condition that the signal strength of the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to the preset strength threshold, and the above-mentioned fourth preset condition is the condition that the change amplitude of the waveform of the above-mentioned current is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold.

[0083] In this solution, by setting reasonable preset conditions, the abnormal state of the fuse can be accurately identified to avoid false alarms or missed alarms. This helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of fault warnings and reduce unnecessary downtime for maintenance. The setting of preset conditions enables the fault warning device to perform intelligent analysis of various abnormal conditions of the fuse, improving the intelligent level of fault diagnosis. Based on these analysis results, operation and maintenance personnel can locate the cause of the fault more quickly and accurately.

[0084] Based on the collected status data (temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, current waveform), the fuse fault warning protection device will analyze these data through preset judgment conditions to determine whether the fuse is currently in an abnormal state.

[0085] The first preset condition: If the temperature of the fuse contact detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the preset temperature threshold, this may indicate poor contact or internal overheating, triggering an early warning. For example, if the temperature threshold is set to 80°C, if the monitored contact temperature reaches or exceeds 80°C, the system will determine that there may be poor contact or overheating, thereby confirming that the fuse status is abnormal.

[0086] The second preset condition: The vibration frequency monitored by the vibration sensor, if the frequency exceeds the preset frequency threshold, may mean that the fuse is affected by external force or the internal structure is unstable, and further inspection is required. For example, if the frequency threshold is set to 20Hz, if the detected vibration signal frequency reaches or exceeds 20Hz, it may indicate that the fuse is abnormal or the fuse tube is tripped, and the system determines that the fuse is abnormal.

[0087] The third preset condition: the signal strength detected by the ultrasonic sensor. If the signal strength exceeds the preset strength threshold, this is usually related to arc discharge or partial discharge, which is an obvious sign of fuse failure. For example, if the strength threshold is set to 100dB, if the strength of the ultrasonic signal reaches or exceeds 100dB, it can be inferred that arc discharge or partial discharge may occur inside or around the fuse, and the system determines that the fuse state is abnormal.

[0088] Fourth preset condition: The amplitude of the current waveform monitored by the current transformer, if the amplitude exceeds the preset amplitude threshold, may indicate overload, short circuit or fuse blown, and immediate measures need to be taken. For example, if the amplitude threshold is set to 30%, if the monitored current waveform changes by more than 30%, the system will determine that there is a possibility of overload or short circuit, thereby confirming that the fuse state is abnormal.

[0089] Specifically, typical faults of the contacts on the fuse tube mainly include overheating, poor contact and partial discharge, etc. For these faults, the early warning method is mainly based on the following judgment steps:

[0090] Temperature monitoring: Infrared temperature measurement is used to monitor the surface temperature of the contacts on the fuse tube in real time. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold (such as 80°C, 100°C, 150°C, etc.), it is judged that the contacts on the fuse tube have an overheating fault caused by poor contact, and the alarm device is triggered to alarm. The sensor data, timestamp, and on-site longitude and latitude information, drop-out fuse specifications and models, installers, installation time, maintenance time and other information when the fault occurs are recorded, and the fault information is sent to the background supervision system through the NB-IOT Internet of Things device.

[0091] Partial discharge detection: Use ultrasonic sensors to detect whether partial discharge occurs on the contacts of the fuse tube; use infrared temperature measurement to monitor in real time whether there is unstable temperature change on the contacts of the fuse tube; use Rogowski coils to monitor whether there are instantaneous pulse changes in the load current of the transmission cable; use vibration sensors to monitor whether there are vibration signals caused by partial discharge, and set corresponding thresholds. When two or more of the above sensors detect partial discharge signals, the sound and light alarm equipment is triggered to alarm, record the sensor data, timestamp, on-site longitude and latitude information, drop-out fuse specifications and models, installers, installation time, maintenance time and other information when the fault occurs, and send partial discharge fault information to the background supervision system through the NB-IOT Internet of Things module.

[0092] In some embodiments, when the above-mentioned fuse is abnormal, determining the cause of the abnormality of the above-mentioned fuse can be specifically achieved through the following steps: when the fifth preset condition is met, determining the cause of the above-mentioned fuse abnormality as the first cause, wherein the above-mentioned fifth preset condition is that the above-mentioned temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, and the above-mentioned vibration signal is a target vibration signal, and the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is a target ultrasonic signal, wherein the above-mentioned target vibration signal is a vibration signal generated when the above-mentioned fuse falls, and the above-mentioned target ultrasonic signal is an ultrasonic signal generated when the above-mentioned fuse has an arc phenomenon, and the above-mentioned first cause is the fuse tube of the above-mentioned fuse. Aging; when the sixth preset condition is met, the cause of the abnormality of the fuse is determined to be the second cause, wherein the sixth preset condition is that the vibration signal is the target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the second cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse falls; when the seventh preset condition is met, the cause of the abnormality of the fuse is determined to be the third cause, wherein the seventh preset condition is that the current changes suddenly, the vibration signal is the target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the third cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse is overloaded or broken.

[0093] In this scheme, by setting the fifth, sixth and seventh preset conditions, the fuse fault warning protection device can accurately determine the abnormal causes of the fuse based on the real-time monitoring data of multiple sensors, including fuse tube aging, abnormal drop, overload or circuit breaker problems. This mechanism not only improves the accuracy and reliability of fault warning, but also provides a basis for rapid troubleshooting and handling of faults, significantly optimizes the operation and maintenance efficiency of the power system, and reduces economic losses and safety risks caused by faults. Through intelligent fault warning, this scheme can warn of potential equipment problems in advance, provide strong support for preventive maintenance of power facilities, help extend the service life of equipment, and ensure the stable operation of the power system.

[0094] Specifically, the above conditions are explained below:

[0095] The fifth preset condition: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the fuse contact is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold (for example, 80°C), and the vibration sensor captures a vibration signal that meets the characteristics of the fuse falling, and the ultrasonic sensor detects an ultrasonic signal related to arc discharge or partial discharge, it is determined that the abnormal cause of the fuse is the aging of the fuse tube. The setting of this condition can help the system accurately identify the problem of fuse tube aging when the fuse tube is overheated for a long time and vibration and ultrasonic discharge signals appear at the same time. By comprehensively analyzing the temperature, vibration and ultrasonic signals, the early warning system can promptly warn of possible failures caused by the aging of the fuse tube, and provide targeted maintenance suggestions for operation and maintenance personnel to avoid equipment failures and power outages caused by aging.

[0096] The sixth preset condition: Only when the vibration sensor detects a vibration signal that does not match the normal drop operation of the fuse, and the ultrasonic sensor detects an ultrasonic signal related to arc discharge or partial discharge, the abnormal cause of the fuse is judged to be the abnormal drop of the fuse tube. The setting of this condition helps the system to determine whether the fuse tube has abnormally dropped from the fuse due to external force or internal failure without overheating. By accurately identifying the drop signal and the accompanying arc discharge signal, the system can issue an early warning as soon as the fuse tube drops, reduce the troubleshooting time, and avoid power system failures caused by the drop of the fuse tube.

[0097] Seventh preset condition: When the current sensor detects a sudden change in the current waveform (such as overload or open circuit), and at the same time the vibration sensor captures a vibration signal similar to the fuse drop characteristics, and the ultrasonic sensor detects an ultrasonic signal related to arc discharge or partial discharge, the system determines that the abnormal cause of the fuse is an overload or open circuit of the fuse tube. By combining the monitoring of current mutations, vibrations, and ultrasonic signals, the system can accurately determine the fault status of the fuse tube when the fuse is overloaded or open circuit. This comprehensive analysis method helps to quickly locate the fault type and provide timely fault information to operation and maintenance personnel, so that the power system can be quickly restored to operation while avoiding equipment damage and safety risks.

[0098] Specifically, the reasons for the fuse tube tripping and falling mainly include overload, short circuit, fuse tube aging, etc. In order to accurately determine the cause and issue an early warning, it is necessary to comprehensively utilize multiple sensor data:

[0099] Open-type Rogowski coil current transformer: Use Rogowski coil current transformer to monitor the load current change of the transmission cable before the fuse tube trips and drops, and determine whether there is overload or short circuit.

[0100] Vibration sensor: monitors the vibration signal at the moment when the fuse tube trips and drops, and determines whether it is normal operation, abnormal drop, or fuse overload drop according to different vibration modes.

[0101] Ultrasonic sensor: monitors whether an abnormal arc is generated at the moment of falling.

[0102] Infrared temperature measuring equipment (i.e. temperature sensor): monitors the temperature change of the contact on the fuse tube at the moment of falling, and determines whether there is overheating and arc generation.

[0103] Combined with the above sensing data, the controller makes the following judgments and operations:

[0104] Fuse tube aging failure: When the surface temperature of the contact on the fuse tube is monitored in real time by infrared temperature measuring equipment, and it exceeds the preset threshold (such as 80℃, 100℃, 150℃, etc.) for a long time, that is, the contact on the fuse tube has a long-term poor contact and caused an overheating failure, which has not been handled in time, and further caused the fuse to blow. The vibration sensor detects the abnormal drop of the fuse tube, the ultrasonic sensor detects the arc signal, and the infrared temperature measuring equipment also detects the transient temperature mutation, which means that the fault is caused by the aging of the fuse tube.

[0105] Abnormal drop failure of the fuse tube: When the vibration sensor detects an abnormal drop, and the ultrasonic sensor and infrared temperature measuring equipment also detect an abnormal arc signal, it is judged that the fuse tube has dropped abnormally, triggering the alarm device to alarm, recording the sensor data, timestamp, and on-site longitude and latitude information, drop-type fuse specifications and models, installers, installation time, maintenance time and other information when the fault occurs, and sending the partial discharge fault information to the background supervision system through the NB-IOT Internet of Things device.

[0106] Fuse tube overload and short circuit failure: When the open-type Rogowski coil detects a sudden change in current before and after the drop, the vibration sensor detects an abnormal drop, and the ultrasonic sensor and infrared temperature measurement equipment also detect abnormal arc signals, it is judged that the drop is caused by overload or short circuit, and the alarm device is triggered to alarm. The sensor data, timestamp, and on-site longitude and latitude information, drop-type fuse specifications and models, installers, installation time, maintenance time and other information when the fault occurs are recorded, and the partial discharge fault information is sent to the background supervision system through the NB-IOT Internet of Things device.

[0107] Specifically, abnormal falls refer to the following situations:

[0108] Unexpected drop: Normal drop-out fuse operation includes manual disconnection and automatic disconnection of the fuse when overcurrent occurs, causing the fuse to trip and drop. Abnormal drop refers to the fuse accidentally detaching from its installation position and falling without expected overcurrent or other normal operating instructions.

[0109] Fault-induced drop: Due to internal equipment failure (such as insulation aging, component damage, spring failure, etc.) or external factors (such as wind, external force impact, animal activities, etc.), the fuse suddenly drops without current overload.

[0110] Falling due to operational errors: The fuse may fall accidentally due to errors made by the staff during operation and maintenance, such as improper installation or removal process.

[0111] In one feasible embodiment, the temperature threshold of the contact on the fuse tube is set to 80°C. During continuous operation monitoring, the infrared temperature measuring device records the surface temperature of the contact on the fuse tube. During a certain period of time, the monitoring data continuously shows that the temperature of the contact exceeds 80°C and continues to rise to above 100°C, which indicates that the contact may have poor contact, resulting in continuous overheating. At this stage, the early warning system has not been triggered, but the system will record this overheating and wait for further abnormal signals.

[0112] After the overheating phenomenon lasts for a period of time, the physical properties of the fuse tube material decrease with the increase of temperature, and the fuse tube may fall abnormally without obvious external force. At this time, the vibration sensor captures the vibration signal of the fuse tube falling and sends it to the main control board of the early warning device for analysis.

[0113] At the moment the fuse tube falls, if arc discharge occurs inside the fuse tube or near the contacts, the ultrasonic sensor will capture the high-frequency ultrasonic signal accompanying the arc. The arc may be caused by the aging of the fuse tube, which leads to the degradation of its insulation performance and the poor contact of the contacts during the falling process.

[0114] When the fuse tube falls and an arc occurs, the infrared temperature measuring equipment will monitor the transient temperature mutation near the contact, and the temperature may suddenly rise to more than 150°C. This temperature mutation not only reflects the existence of an arc, but also indicates that the fuse tube may have serious aging problems, because normal falling operations should not produce such drastic temperature changes.

[0115] When the main control board of the early warning device receives the drop signal of the vibration sensor, the arc signal of the ultrasonic sensor, and the transient temperature mutation signal of the infrared temperature measuring device, the multi-sensor fusion algorithm starts to work, analyzing and confirming the correlation between these signals. If these signals appear at the same time and meet the preset fuse tube aging failure mode (i.e. overheating, arcing, transient temperature mutation), it is judged that the fuse tube has an aging problem, resulting in abnormal drop and accompanying arc discharge.

[0116] The working principle of the vibration sensor is based on the change of physical vibration or acceleration. In this solution, the vibration sensor is installed in a position where it can sense the vibration caused by the fuse tube tripping and falling. When the fuse tube falls abnormally due to a fault, a specific vibration pattern will be generated, which is significantly different from normal operation (such as manual disconnection) or other non-fault-related vibrations (such as wind impact). The vibration sensor is able to measure the change of acceleration. When the fuse tube falls abnormally, the sensor detects a sudden change in acceleration, which is compared with the preset vibration pattern or threshold. The vibration signal captured by the sensor is analyzed for its characteristic frequency and amplitude through digital signal processing (such as Fourier transform). The vibration signal of the abnormal fall has specific frequency and intensity characteristics, which is significantly different from the vibration during normal operation of the equipment.

[0117] Ultrasonic sensors can detect sound wave signals within the ultrasonic frequency range, and the energy generated during arc discharge will excite molecular vibrations in the air and generate high-frequency sound waves. These sound waves are within the ultrasonic range and usually beyond the human hearing range. The sound waves generated by arc discharge have specific frequency and intensity characteristics, and ultrasonic sensors can capture these signals. The signal received by the sensor will be analyzed by the algorithm to identify the characteristics of the arc sound waves, such as frequency peaks and intensity changes. The system will set a threshold for the arc signal. When the signal detected by the ultrasonic sensor exceeds this threshold, the system will determine that an arc discharge has occurred and trigger an early warning.

[0118] Infrared temperature measuring equipment measures the surface temperature of an object contactlessly by measuring the amount of infrared radiation. In this solution, the infrared temperature measuring equipment is aimed at the contacts on the fuse tube, and can monitor the temperature changes of the contacts in real time. The temperature changes of the fuse tube contacts in normal or abnormal conditions will cause changes in the amount of infrared radiation, and the infrared temperature measurement module can capture these changes. By continuously monitoring the temperature of the fuse tube contacts, when a sudden increase or decrease in the contact temperature is detected, it is considered that an instantaneous temperature mutation has occurred. Similar to vibration and ultrasonic signals, infrared temperature measuring equipment also sets a series of temperature thresholds. When the detected temperature exceeds these thresholds, it is determined that a temperature mutation caused by an arc or partial discharge may have occurred, and an early warning is triggered.

[0119] In fact, infrared temperature measuring equipment does not directly detect arc signals, it monitors the temperature of the surface of the object. However, arc discharge will generate extremely high temperatures in a short period of time, and this instantaneous change in temperature can be captured by infrared temperature measuring equipment. Therefore, when arc discharge occurs, the temperature of the arc area will rise rapidly to thousands of degrees Celsius, which is much higher than the temperature under normal operating conditions. Even after the arc disappears, the temperature will remain at a high level for a period of time due to the thermal inertia of the fuse tube contacts or nearby areas.

[0120] Rogowski coil, also known as Rogowski coil, is a current transformer used to measure AC current. It consists of a non-magnetic coil wrapped around a current-carrying conductor. When current flows through the current-carrying conductor, a voltage signal proportional to the rate of change of the current is generated in the Rogowski coil. The open-type Rogowski coil current transformer is wrapped around the transmission cable. When current flows through the cable, the Rogowski coil senses the change in the magnetic field generated by the current, thereby generating a voltage signal. The voltage signal is sent to the main control board of the fault warning device, and after being amplified by the preamplifier and processed by the integration circuit, a signal directly related to the change in current can be obtained. In this way, even if the current itself is not directly measured, the output signal of the Rogowski coil can reflect the change in current. Under normal operating conditions, the current change of the 10kV drop-out fuse is stable. When the fuse is disconnected due to overload, short circuit or aging of the fuse tube, the current flowing through the cable will change suddenly. The Rogowski coil can capture this sudden change in current and convert it into a voltage signal. The main control board is set with a threshold for current mutation. When the current change exceeds the preset threshold, the system will judge it as an abnormal situation. By analyzing the output signal of the Rogowski coil, it can be determined whether the current suddenly increases or decreases, as well as the magnitude and speed of the change, which are important bases for judging the type of fuse fault.

[0121] In a specific implementation process, after determining whether the fuse is abnormal based on the status data, the method further includes the following steps: in the case that the fuse is abnormal, controlling the alarm device to sound an alarm.

[0122] In this solution, an early warning can be issued to the operation and maintenance personnel at the moment of detecting an abnormal situation, ensuring that they can respond immediately, reducing the delay in fault handling, and avoiding or mitigating power outages or equipment damage that may be caused by the fault. When the fuse is abnormal, the timely alarm signal can remind the on-site operators to pay attention to safety and avoid them from approaching equipment that may generate arcs or high temperatures, reducing the risk of personal injury.

[0123] Specifically, when it is determined that the fuse is in an abnormal state, the alarm device connected to it (such as an audible and visual alarm device) will be activated immediately. The alarm device usually includes visual and audible alarm components, such as flashing LED lights and buzzers, which will work immediately after receiving the early warning signal and send out obvious warning signals. These signals are designed to attract the attention of on-site operators, allowing them to quickly identify abnormal signals sent by the fault warning device and take timely countermeasures.

[0124] In some embodiments, the fault warning protection device of the fuse further includes a solar panel and a lithium battery, wherein the solar panel is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse; the lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse. Before obtaining the status data of the fuse, the method further includes the following steps: obtaining the current light intensity; when the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, using the solar panel for power supply; when the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity, using the lithium battery for power supply.

[0125] In this solution, by automatically switching the power supply mode, solar energy can be used for power supply when there is sufficient light, reducing dependence on chemical batteries, reducing operating costs, and also reducing environmental pollution caused by battery waste. Regardless of the lighting conditions, the intelligent power management strategy can ensure continuous power supply, avoiding warning failures caused by power problems, and improving the operating reliability of the device and the timeliness of fault warnings. Without manual intervention, the power supply mode can be automatically adjusted according to environmental conditions, which enables the device to operate stably in remote and unattended areas, enhancing its adaptability and autonomy in various scenarios. When there is insufficient light, the lithium battery will be started for power supply. At the same time, due to the low-power design, the service life of the lithium battery can be extended, avoiding the need for frequent battery replacement, and further optimizing power consumption management. Through intelligent power management, the need for manual maintenance is reduced, especially the frequency of battery replacement in bad weather or at night, reducing maintenance costs and improving operation and maintenance efficiency. Whether it is a sunny day or a dim night, the device can adapt to the environment by intelligently switching the power supply, ensuring its normal operation under various lighting conditions and enhancing its environmental adaptability.

[0126] Specifically, a light intensity sensor is built into the fuse fault warning protection device to monitor the light intensity of the environment where the device is located in real time. The measurement of light intensity is crucial to deciding whether to use solar energy or lithium batteries for power supply. The sensor collects data every 5 minutes and sends the measurement results to the main control board for analysis. The selection of this cycle not only ensures the real-time nature of the data, but also takes into account the power consumption and avoids unnecessary data transmission and processing.

[0127] A light intensity threshold is preset. When the light intensity on site reaches or exceeds this threshold, it will be determined that there is sufficient solar energy available. At this time, the solar panel will serve as the main power supply, converting solar energy into electrical energy to power the device's circuit module. In this way, natural energy can be fully utilized under sufficient light conditions, reducing dependence on traditional batteries and improving energy efficiency. According to the power consumption requirements of the device and the lighting conditions in the area, the preset light intensity threshold is 500 lux. This threshold is set based on experimental data and historical records to ensure that when the light intensity reaches 500 lux or above, the solar panel can generate enough electricity to meet the power supply needs of the device.

[0128] When the light intensity is lower than the preset threshold, the electricity generated by the solar panel is insufficient to meet the operating requirements of the device, and the system automatically switches to lithium batteries for power supply. As a backup power source, lithium batteries can ensure the normal operation of the device under conditions of insufficient light such as at night or on rainy days, ensuring the continuity and reliability of the fault warning function.

[0129] Specifically, before power is supplied and the circuit breaker is closed, a safety process check is performed to ensure the safety of the closing operation. The safety check is mainly based on the following steps:

[0130] (1) Fuse tube abnormal drop fault and fuse tube abnormal drop fault:

[0131] The main fault causes provided to the operation and maintenance personnel through the handheld terminal include: the size of the melt tube does not match the fuse, the spring pressure is too small, the right-angle protrusion is burned or worn, etc.

[0132] Check whether the length of the fuse tube is poorly matched with the fixed part of the fuse, whether it is loose due to failure to check after operation, or whether the fuse installation angle is inappropriate. Install the 10kV drop-out fuse according to the operating procedures.

[0133] A 10kV drop-out fuse fault warning and protection device is installed. The handheld terminal communicates with the fault warning and protection device through a Bluetooth device, and stores necessary information (including on-site latitude and longitude information, drop-out fuse specifications and models, installer, installation time, maintenance time, etc. obtained from the handheld terminal GPS module) in the main control board of the fault warning device for subsequent fault warning and maintenance.

[0134] Monitor the ambient temperature and humidity through temperature and humidity sensors to ensure that the power supply operation is carried out under good weather conditions and avoid operation in rainy, foggy or thunderstorm weather. Check the installation position, fixing condition, fuse status, etc. of the fuse again to ensure that the equipment is intact and there are no abnormal conditions.

[0135] The handheld terminal provides operation and maintenance personnel with operation sequence regulations and suggestions, and the background monitoring system monitors and records the working status of the drop-out fuse in real time through the sensor group of the fault warning device, and promptly warns when partial discharge and heating faults occur.

[0136] Check after power supply: Make sure all fuses are closed correctly and there are no abnormalities. The background monitoring system monitors and records the working status of the drop-out fuse in real time through the sensor group of the fault warning device:

[0137] (2) Fuse tube overload, short circuit failure:

[0138] Fault troubleshooting and confirmation: Refer to the abnormal load current value record of the transmission cable before the drop-out fuse is detected by the open-type Rogowski coil. According to the fuse tube overload and short-circuit fault inspection process, confirm whether the fuse is blown or dropped due to overload or short-circuit fault. Check whether the external equipment has flashover, grounding, short circuit and overload phenomena, so as to eliminate the fault point.

[0139] Install 10kV drop-out fuse according to the operating procedures.

[0140] A 10kV drop-out fuse fault warning and protection device is installed. The handheld terminal communicates with the fault warning and protection device through a Bluetooth device, and stores necessary information (including on-site latitude and longitude information, drop-out fuse specifications and models, installer, installation time, maintenance time, etc. obtained from the handheld terminal GPS module) in the main control board of the fault warning device 1 for subsequent fault warning and maintenance.

[0141] Monitor the ambient temperature and humidity through temperature and humidity sensors to ensure that the power supply operation is carried out under good weather conditions and avoid operation in rainy, foggy or thunderstorm weather. Check the installation position, fixing condition, fuse status, etc. of the fuse again to ensure that the equipment is intact and there are no abnormal conditions. If environmental factors exceed the normal range, an early warning may also be triggered.

[0142] During the first power transmission, the load current of the transmission cable is monitored through an open Rogowski coil. If the load current exceeds the rated current of the fuse, an overload warning is triggered. If the fuse is found to be blown or disconnected again during the power transmission process, the power transmission operation should be stopped immediately. And according to the abnormal load current value record, confirm whether the fuse is blown or disconnected due to overload or short circuit fault. Check whether the external equipment has flashover, grounding, short circuit and overload phenomenon, so as to eliminate the fault point.

[0143] Reinstall the 10kV drop-out fuse and the 10kV drop-out fuse fault warning protection device. Perform a second power supply inspection until all fault points are eliminated.

[0144] If all the above checks are passed, the fault warning device detects the status of the fuse by integrating the data of multiple sensors. If an abnormal state (such as partial discharge, overheating, etc.) is detected, a fault warning is triggered.

[0145] If all the above checks are passed, the fault warning device determines that the power supply closing operation is safe, and gives an indication of closing safety through the sound and light alarm device. If the check fails, the fault warning is triggered, and the fault information is sent to the background supervision system through the NB-IOT Internet of Things device. The background supervision system can further analyze the data, determine the fault type, and take corresponding maintenance measures.

[0146] In summary, the solution of this application can monitor the working status of 10kV drop-out fuses in real time, including the status of fuse tube contacts, current and voltage fluctuations, etc., by integrating multiple sensors and advanced monitoring technologies, thereby achieving comprehensive control of the working status of the fuses. When any abnormality or potential fault is detected, an early warning signal can be immediately issued to remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures, effectively preventing the occurrence of faults or expanding the scope of the fault.

[0147] Through the large amount of data collected by real-time monitoring and fault warning systems, the solution of this application can help operation and maintenance personnel quickly and accurately determine the cause of the fault, avoiding the difficulty of troubleshooting due to the lack of real-time data in traditional methods. Accurate fault information makes the repair work more targeted, reduces unnecessary inspection and testing time, and improves repair efficiency.

[0148] The automated monitoring and early warning system significantly reduces the frequency of manual inspections, allowing operation and maintenance personnel to focus more on fault handling and optimization, thereby improving overall operation and maintenance efficiency. The timeliness of the early warning system also ensures that the operation and maintenance team can respond and handle potential problems in the first place, reducing the impact of faults on the power system.

[0149] Through real-time monitoring and early warning, the solution of this application can respond in time before or when a fault occurs, effectively reducing the risk of system collapse or serious accidents. The comprehensive monitoring function also includes safety verification of key operations such as power transmission and closing, further ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0150] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control device for a fault warning protection device of a fuse. It should be noted that the control device for the fault warning protection device of the fuse in the embodiment of the present application can be used to execute the control method for the fault warning protection device of the fuse provided in the embodiment of the present application. The device is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and the descriptions that have been made will not be repeated. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceived.

[0151] The following introduces the control device of the fuse fault warning protection device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0152] Figure 5 1 is a structural block diagram of a control device of a fuse fault warning protection device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, the device comprises:

[0153] A first acquisition unit 100 is used to acquire status data of the fuse, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current;

[0154] A first determining unit 200, configured to determine whether the fuse is abnormal according to the state data;

[0155] The second determining unit 300 is used to determine the abnormal cause of the fuse when the fuse is abnormal.

[0156] Through this embodiment, from data collection, abnormal detection to cause analysis, fuse failures can be effectively prevented and handled, and the operation and maintenance efficiency and reliability of the power system are improved. This mechanism combines intelligent data analysis and real-time communication technology, providing strong technical support for the healthy operation of the power system.

[0157] In the specific implementation process, the first determination unit includes a first determination module, which is used to determine that the above-mentioned fuse is abnormal when the preset conditions are met, wherein the above-mentioned preset conditions include one or more of the first preset condition, the second preset condition, the third preset condition and the fourth preset condition, the above-mentioned first preset condition is the condition that the above-mentioned temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the above-mentioned second preset condition is the condition that the frequency of the above-mentioned vibration signal is greater than or equal to the preset frequency threshold, the above-mentioned third preset condition is the condition that the signal strength of the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to the preset strength threshold, and the above-mentioned fourth preset condition is the condition that the change amplitude of the waveform of the above-mentioned current is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude threshold.

[0158] In this solution, by setting reasonable preset conditions, the abnormal state of the fuse can be accurately identified to avoid false alarms or missed alarms. This helps to improve the accuracy and reliability of fault warnings and reduce unnecessary downtime for maintenance. The setting of preset conditions enables the fault warning device to perform intelligent analysis of various abnormal conditions of the fuse, improving the intelligent level of fault diagnosis. Based on these analysis results, operation and maintenance personnel can locate the cause of the fault more quickly and accurately.

[0159] In some embodiments, the second determination unit includes a second determination module, a third determination module and a fourth determination module, the second determination module is used to determine that the cause of the above-mentioned fuse abnormality is the first cause when the fifth preset condition is met, wherein the above-mentioned fifth preset condition is that the above-mentioned temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, and the above-mentioned vibration signal is a target vibration signal, and the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is a target ultrasonic signal, wherein the above-mentioned target vibration signal is a vibration signal generated when the above-mentioned fuse falls, and the above-mentioned target ultrasonic signal is an ultrasonic signal generated when the above-mentioned fuse has an arc phenomenon, and the above-mentioned first cause is aging of the fuse tube of the above-mentioned fuse; the third determination module Used to determine that the cause of the abnormality of the above-mentioned fuse is the second cause when the sixth preset condition is met, wherein the above-mentioned sixth preset condition is that the above-mentioned vibration signal is the above-mentioned target vibration signal, and the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is the above-mentioned target ultrasonic signal, and the above-mentioned second cause is that the fuse tube of the above-mentioned fuse falls; the fourth determination module is used to determine that the cause of the abnormality of the above-mentioned fuse is the third cause when the seventh preset condition is met, wherein the above-mentioned seventh preset condition is that the above-mentioned current undergoes a sudden change, and the above-mentioned vibration signal is the above-mentioned target vibration signal, and the above-mentioned ultrasonic signal is the above-mentioned target ultrasonic signal, and the above-mentioned third cause is that the fuse tube of the above-mentioned fuse is overloaded or broken.

[0160] In this scheme, by setting the fifth, sixth and seventh preset conditions, the fuse fault warning protection device can accurately determine the abnormal causes of the fuse based on the real-time monitoring data of multiple sensors, including fuse tube aging, abnormal drop, overload or circuit breaker problems. This mechanism not only improves the accuracy and reliability of fault warning, but also provides a basis for rapid troubleshooting and handling of faults, significantly optimizes the operation and maintenance efficiency of the power system, and reduces economic losses and safety risks caused by faults. Through intelligent fault warning, this scheme can warn of potential equipment problems in advance, provide strong support for preventive maintenance of power facilities, help extend the service life of equipment, and ensure the stable operation of the power system.

[0161] In a specific implementation process, the apparatus further includes a control unit, which is used to determine whether the fuse is abnormal based on the status data and, if the fuse is abnormal, control the alarm device to sound an alarm.

[0162] In this solution, an early warning can be issued to the operation and maintenance personnel at the moment of detecting an abnormal situation, ensuring that they can respond immediately, reducing the delay in fault handling, and avoiding or mitigating power outages or equipment damage that may be caused by the fault. When the fuse is abnormal, the timely alarm signal can remind the on-site operators to pay attention to safety and avoid them from approaching equipment that may generate arcs or high temperatures, reducing the risk of personal injury.

[0163] In some embodiments, the fault warning protection device of the above-mentioned fuse also includes a solar panel and a lithium battery, the above-mentioned solar panel is used to power the fault warning protection device of the above-mentioned fuse; the above-mentioned lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the above-mentioned fuse, and the above-mentioned device also includes a second acquisition unit, a first processing unit and a second processing unit, the second acquisition unit is used to obtain the current light intensity before obtaining the status data of the fuse; the first processing unit is used to use the above-mentioned solar panel for power supply when the above-mentioned light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity; the second processing unit is used to use the above-mentioned lithium battery for power supply when the above-mentioned light intensity is less than the above-mentioned preset light intensity.

[0164] In this solution, by automatically switching the power supply mode, solar energy can be used for power supply when there is sufficient light, reducing dependence on chemical batteries, reducing operating costs, and also reducing environmental pollution caused by battery waste. Regardless of the lighting conditions, the intelligent power management strategy can ensure continuous power supply, avoiding warning failures caused by power problems, and improving the operating reliability of the device and the timeliness of fault warnings. Without manual intervention, the power supply mode can be automatically adjusted according to environmental conditions, which enables the device to operate stably in remote and unattended areas, enhancing its adaptability and autonomy in various scenarios. When there is insufficient light, the lithium battery will be started for power supply. At the same time, due to the low-power design, the service life of the lithium battery can be extended, avoiding the need for frequent battery replacement, and further optimizing power consumption management. Through intelligent power management, the need for manual maintenance is reduced, especially the frequency of battery replacement in bad weather or at night, reducing maintenance costs and improving operation and maintenance efficiency. Whether it is a sunny day or a dim night, the device can adapt to the environment by intelligently switching the power supply, ensuring its normal operation under various lighting conditions and enhancing its environmental adaptability.

[0165] The control device of the fault warning protection device of the fuse includes a processor and a memory, and the first acquisition unit, the first determination unit, the second determination unit, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions. The above modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0166] The processor includes a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and the problem of low efficiency of the manual inspection fuse in the prior art can be solved by adjusting the kernel parameters.

[0167] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0168] An embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes a stored program, wherein when the program is running, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute a control method for the fault warning protection device of the fuse.

[0169] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processor, and the processor is used to run a program, wherein the control method of the fault warning protection device of the fuse is executed when the program is run.

[0170] An embodiment of the present invention provides a device, the device includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the program, at least the control method steps of the fault warning protection device of the fuse are implemented. The device in this article can be a server, a PC, a PAD, a mobile phone, etc.

[0171] A computer program product includes a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, wherein the non-volatile computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method of the fault warning protection device of the fuse in each embodiment of the present application are implemented.

[0172] The present application also provides a fuse protection system, which includes a fault warning protection device and a control device. The fault warning protection device is a fault warning protection device of any one of the above-mentioned fuses; the control device is communicatively connected to the fault warning protection device, and the control device is used to execute a control method of the fault warning protection device of any one of the above-mentioned fuses.

[0173] Obviously, those skilled in the art should understand that the above modules or steps of the present invention can be implemented by a general computing device, they can be concentrated on a single computing device, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices, they can be implemented by a program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0174] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented in one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that include computer-usable program code.

[0175] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0176] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0177] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0178] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0179] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0180] Computer readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. Information can be computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include temporary computer readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0181] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0182] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fault warning protection device for a fuse, characterized in that: include: A sensing unit, used to detect status data of the fuse, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current; a controller, connected in communication with the sensor unit, and configured to determine whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data; An alarm device is connected to the controller for communication, and is used for sounding an alarm when the fuse is abnormal.

2. The fault warning protection device for fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing unit comprises: A temperature sensor, used for detecting the temperature of the contact surface of the fuse tube of the fuse; A vibration sensor, used for detecting the vibration signal of the fuse; An ultrasonic sensor, used for detecting the ultrasonic signal of the fuse; A Rogowski coil is used to detect the current at the input end of the fuse.

3. The fault warning protection device for fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault warning protection device of the fuse also includes: A protective cover, used to protect the fuse; A buckle is used to fix the protective cover.

4. The fault warning protection device for fuse according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fault warning protection device of the fuse also includes: A solar panel, used to supply power to a fault warning protection device of the fuse; A lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse.

5. A control method for a fault warning protection device of a fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method is applied to the controller of the fault early warning protection device of the fuse, and the method further includes: Acquiring status data of the fuse, wherein the status data includes one or more of temperature, vibration signal, ultrasonic signal, and current; Determining whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data; In the case where the fuse is abnormal, the cause of the abnormality of the fuse is determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determining whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data includes: When a preset condition is met, the fuse is determined to be abnormal, wherein the preset condition includes one or more of a first preset condition, a second preset condition, a third preset condition and a fourth preset condition, the first preset condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to a preset temperature threshold, the second preset condition is that the frequency of the vibration signal is greater than or equal to a preset frequency threshold, the third preset condition is that the signal strength of the ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to a preset strength threshold, and the fourth preset condition is that the amplitude of the change in the waveform of the current is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude threshold.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In the case where the fuse is abnormal, determining the abnormal cause of the fuse includes: Under the condition that the fifth preset condition is met, it is determined that the cause of the fuse abnormality is the first cause, wherein the fifth preset condition is that the temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, and the vibration signal is a target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is a target ultrasonic signal, wherein the target vibration signal is a vibration signal generated when the fuse falls, and the target ultrasonic signal is an ultrasonic signal generated when an arc occurs in the fuse, and the first cause is aging of the fuse tube of the fuse; When a sixth preset condition is met, determining that the cause of the fuse abnormality is a second cause, wherein the sixth preset condition is that the vibration signal is the target vibration signal and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the second cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse falls off; When the seventh preset condition is met, the cause of the fuse abnormality is determined to be the third cause, wherein the seventh preset condition is that the current changes suddenly, the vibration signal is the target vibration signal, and the ultrasonic signal is the target ultrasonic signal, and the third cause is that the fuse tube of the fuse is overloaded or broken.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After determining whether the fuse is abnormal according to the status data, the method further includes: When the fuse is abnormal, the alarm device is controlled to sound an alarm.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The fault warning protection device of the fuse also includes a solar panel and a lithium battery, and the solar panel is used to supply power to the fault warning protection device of the fuse; The lithium battery is used to power the fault warning protection device of the fuse. Before obtaining the status data of the fuse, the method further includes: Get the current light intensity; When the light intensity is greater than or equal to the preset light intensity, the solar panel is used for power supply; When the light intensity is less than the preset light intensity, the lithium battery is used for power supply.

10. A fuse protection system, characterized in that: The fuse protection system comprises: A fault warning protection device, wherein the fault warning protection device is a fault warning protection device of the fuse according to any one of claims 1 to 4; A control device, wherein the control device is communicatively connected to the fault warning protection device, and the control device is used to execute the control method of the fault warning protection device of the fuse according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

Images