A steering adjustment system and adjustment method for a 5G high-precision combined antenna

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of antenna, in particular to a kind of steering adjustment system and adjusting method of 5G high-precision combined antenna, including sensor module for real-time monitoring antenna current state information;Control module;The control module includes microprocessor, storage unit and communication interface;Driving module;Feedback module, the present application is through the cooperation of sensor module, control module, driving module and feedback module, can accurately adjust the direction of antenna according to different geographical environment, user distribution and signal propagation demand, make signal better cover target area, reduce signal blind area and weak coverage area, improve the overall coverage quality of network;Through accurate steering adjustment, signal can be concentrated in the area of user-intensive, improve the capacity and spectral efficiency of system, meet the communication needs of more users, improve data transmission speed and network performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a steering adjustment system and method of a 5G high-precision combined antenna. BACKGROUND

[0002] The 5G high-precision combined antenna integrates a 5G MIMO antenna, a WIFI MIMO antenna and a GNSS medium antenna together to form an antenna system with high precision, multiple frequency bands and wideband characteristics. The 5G MIMO antenna adopts a dipole-like and slot-coupled antenna structure to realize high-speed data transmission of 5G communication. The WIFI MIMO antenna adopts a PIFA structure and a pure metal air medium combined material to provide a wireless connection function of WIFI communication. The GNSS medium antenna adopts a double-layer four-feed structure to receive signals of a global navigation satellite system (such as GPS, Beidou, etc.) to realize high-precision positioning.

[0003] However, the 5G high-precision combined antenna is usually fixedly installed at a specific position, such as a communication base station or the top of a building. The position is selected based on the needs of communication coverage and network planning. It is difficult to dynamically adjust the beam direction in real time according to changes in geographical environment, user distribution and signal propagation demand, so that there are signal blind areas and weak coverage areas when the signal covers the target area, which affects the overall coverage quality of the network. Therefore, we need to propose a steering adjustment system and method of a 5G high-precision combined antenna to solve the above problems, so that the direction of the antenna can be accurately adjusted according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation demand, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce the signal blind area and weak coverage area, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above problems, the application provides a steering adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, which comprises a sensor module for monitoring the current state information of the antenna in real time. The sensor module is used to monitor the information of the current position, direction, environmental parameters and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combined antenna in real time, and provide data support for the control module.

[0005] A control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to adjust according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send a control instruction to a driving module. The control module comprises a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the storage unit and the communication interface.

[0006] The driving module is used for driving the steering mechanism of the antenna to realize steering adjustment of the antenna according to the instruction sent by the control module; the driving module comprises a driving signal generation unit for sending a driving signal to the antenna and a steering mechanism for realizing antenna steering, and the driving signal generation unit is electrically connected with the steering mechanism;

[0007] The feedback module feeds back the position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna after actual adjustment to the control module, so as to facilitate the control module to make further adjustment and optimization.

[0008] The control module is electrically connected with the sensor module and the driving module respectively, and the feedback module is electrically connected with the driving module and the control module respectively.

[0009] Further, the sensor module comprises a position information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environment information acquisition unit and a signal quality acquisition unit, and the position information acquisition unit, the direction information acquisition unit, the environment information acquisition unit and the signal quality acquisition unit are electrically connected with the control module.

[0010] Further, the position information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive at least four satellite signals, and calculates the antenna position according to the satellite signals The antenna position calculation formula is as follows:

[0011] , wherein, , , ) are the position coordinates of the satellite, , , ) are the position coordinates of the antenna, , and are the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position respectively.

[0012] Further, the direction information acquisition unit measures the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field intensity and using an electronic compass, calculates the antenna azimuth according to the horizontal component, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0013] .

[0014] Further, the environment information acquisition unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect the wind speed, and the wind speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0015] , wherein V is the wind speed, is the ultrasonic propagation distance, is the ultrasonic wave downwind propagation time, is the ultrasonic wave upwind propagation time;

[0016] The signal quality acquisition unit receives signal power using an RSSI sensor, and then calculates signal strength according to the signal power. The signal strength calculation formula is as follows:

[0017] wherein P is the received signal power, is the unit conversion reference value.

[0018] Further, the microprocessor performs data processing and control algorithm execution process as follows:

[0019] A11, set the communication protocol through the communication interface to receive data from the sensor module, so as to accurately obtain the information of antenna position, direction, environment and signal quality collected by the sensor module;

[0020] A12, according to the received position, direction and signal quality data, combining the antenna gain pattern in the storage unit and the coverage range requirement, the direction and angle of the antenna need to be adjusted are calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0021] wherein, is the azimuth angle to be adjusted, is the target azimuth angle of the antenna, is the current azimuth angle of the antenna;

[0022] A13, according to the signal strength and distance relationship and combining the antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction, and the antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power, and the optimization formula is as follows:

[0023] wherein, is the received power, is the transmitted power, is the relationship between path loss and antenna direction angle, is the antenna gain;

[0024] A14, according to the environmental parameters, the adjusted power after optimization is corrected, and the correction formula is as follows:

[0025] wherein, is the corrected power, is the optimized received power, is the transmitting antenna gain, is the receiving antenna gain, is the signal wavelength, is the transmission distance;

[0026] A15、According to the adjustment angle and the driving motor step angle, the rotation frequency of the driving motor is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0027] Wherein, is the number of steps that the stepping motor needs to rotate, is the angle that the stepping motor needs to rotate, is the motor step angle.

[0028] Further, the driving signal generation unit generates and sends the driving signal in the following process:

[0029] B11, through the communication interface connected with the control module, the antenna steering control instruction sent by the control module is received, and the steering control instruction contains the angle and speed information that the antenna needs to rotate;

[0030] B12, the received control instruction is analyzed, and the antenna key parameters including the rotation angle and the rotation speed are extracted;

[0031] B13, according to the extracted antenna key parameters, the pulse signal based on the stepping motor rotation angle is generated;

[0032] When the pulse signal is generated, the number of pulses that need to be sent is calculated according to the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepping motor, and then the corresponding data pulse signal is generated by using the timer or the pulse generator. The calculation formula of the pulse signal is as follows:

[0033] Wherein, is the frequency of the pulse signal, is the rotation speed of the stepping motor, is the step angle of the stepping motor.

[0034] Further, the steering mechanism adjusts the steering of the antenna in the following process:

[0035] B21, after receiving the driving signal, the stepping motor starts to rotate, and the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the antenna through the transmission mechanism;

[0036] B22, according to the driving angle of the stepping motor and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism, the actual steering angle of the antenna is calculated, and the steering angle calculation formula of the antenna is as follows:

[0037] 1, wherein, is the steering angle of the antenna, is the motor rotation angle, 1 is the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;

[0038] B23, after the antenna is rotated to the specified position, the antenna position is fixed through a mechanical locking mechanism.

[0039] Further, the feedback module performs the position and state information feedback process as follows:

[0040] C11, the position data of the antenna adjustment is filtered to remove noise and interference, and the filtering formula is as follows:

[0041] ;

[0042] wherein, is the filtered data, is the size of the sliding window, is the received data sequence, is the total number of received data;

[0043] C12, the filtered data is calibrated to the angle data through a calibration parameter, and the calibration formula is as follows:

[0044] wherein, and b are calibration coefficients, is the original measured azimuth, is the calibrated azimuth;

[0045] C13, the processed position and angle information is fed back to the control module through a communication interface;

[0046] The control module receives the feedback data and further adjusts and optimizes the process as follows:

[0047] C21, after the control module receives the feedback data, the data format is parsed to extract the actual position and direction information of the antenna;

[0048] C22, the actual position of the antenna is compared with the expected position to calculate the position error, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] ;

[0051] ;

[0052] wherein, , , are the actual antenna position coordinates, , , are the expected position coordinates, The x-direction error of the antenna expected coordinate and the actual coordinate, The y-direction error of the antenna expected coordinate and the actual coordinate, The z-direction error of the antenna expected coordinate and the actual coordinate;

[0053] C23, comparing the actual azimuth angle and the actual elevation angle of the antenna with the expected azimuth angle and the expected elevation angle, calculating the direction error, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0054]

[0055] Wherein, The azimuth angle error, The expected azimuth angle, The actual azimuth angle, The expected elevation angle, The actual elevation angle, The elevation angle error;

[0056] C24, determining whether the calculated azimuth error and position error exceed the allowed range, if not, performing data processing through the microprocessor, if exceeding the allowed range, further adjusting and optimizing the data, so that the calculated azimuth error and position error can be adjusted to the allowed range.

[0057] Based on the above-described 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system, the application further provides a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment method, comprising the following steps:

[0058] S1, real-time monitoring the current position, direction and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna through the sensor module;

[0059] S2, the control module pre-processes and checks the data after receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module;

[0060] S3, the control module calculates the direction and angle that the antenna needs to adjust by using the preset algorithm and strategy;

[0061] S4, the control module sends the adjustment instruction to the driving module through the communication interface;

[0062] S5, after receiving the instruction, the driving module analyzes the instruction content, and drives the steering mechanism of the antenna to adjust the steering according to the instruction;

[0063] S6, after the antenna steering adjustment is completed, the feedback module feeds back the actual adjusted position and state information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna to the control module;

[0064] ​S7, the control module receives the feedback information, compares with the preset target state, evaluates the adjustment effect, if the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will calculate the adjustment instruction based on the feedback information again, and send to the driving module for fine adjustment again, if the adjustment effect is ideal, return to S6.

[0065] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0066] 1, the sensor module, control module, driving module and feedback module of the present application can accurately adjust the direction of the antenna according to different geographical environment, user distribution and signal propagation demand, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce the signal blind area and weak coverage area, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network; through accurate steering adjustment, the signal can be concentrated in the area with high user density, improve the capacity and spectrum efficiency of the system, meet the communication demand of more users, and improve the data transmission speed and network performance.

[0067] 2, the microprocessor, storage unit and communication interface of the present application can calculate the optimal adjustment direction and angle adjustment amount of the antenna, and consider the environmental factors to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the antenna adjustment, so as to realize better signal coverage.

[0068] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and some of them will become apparent from the description, or will be understood by those skilled in the art. The purpose and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the structure indicated in the specification, claims and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0070] Figure 1 The steering system block diagram according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0071] Figure 2 The flow chart of the microprocessor for data processing and control algorithm execution according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0072] Figure 3 The flow chart of the driving signal generation unit for driving signal generation and sending according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0073] Figure 4 The flow chart of the steering mechanism for steering adjustment of the antenna according to the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0074] Figure 5 A flowchart of a steering method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] This invention provides a steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a sensor module, a control module, a drive module, and a feedback module for real-time monitoring of the antenna's current status information. The control module is electrically connected to both the sensor module and the drive module, and the feedback module is electrically connected to both the drive module and the control module. The sensor module is used to monitor the current position, orientation, environmental parameters, and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combined antenna in real time, providing data support for the control module.

[0077] The sensor module includes a location information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environmental information acquisition unit, and a signal quality acquisition unit. These units are all electrically connected to the control module. The location information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive signals from at least four satellites and calculates the antenna position based on the satellite signals. The formula for calculating the antenna position is as follows:

[0078] ,in,( , , ) represents the satellite's position coordinates, ( , , ( ) represents the antenna's position coordinates. , and These represent the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position;

[0079] The direction information acquisition unit uses an electronic compass to measure the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field intensity. and Calculate the antenna azimuth angle based on the horizontal component. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0080] ;

[0081] The environmental information collection unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect wind speed, and the wind speed calculation formula is as follows:

[0082] wherein V is the wind speed, is the ultrasonic wave propagation distance, is the ultrasonic wave downwind propagation time, is the ultrasonic wave upwind propagation time;

[0083] The signal quality collection unit uses an RSSI sensor to receive signal power, and then calculates signal strength according to the signal power, and the signal strength calculation formula is as follows:

[0084] wherein P is the received signal power, is the unit conversion reference value, i.e. 1 milliwatt;

[0085] The control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to adjust according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send a control instruction to the driving module;

[0086] The control module includes a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface, the microprocessor is electrically connected with the storage unit and the communication interface, the microprocessor is used to execute a control algorithm and data processing, the storage unit is used to store preset algorithm parameters, antenna parameters and historical data and read corresponding data according to the request of the microprocessor; the communication interface is used to receive data transmitted from the sensor module and send a control instruction to the driving module;

[0087] As shown in Figure 2 , the flow of data processing and control algorithm execution of the microprocessor is as follows:

[0088] A11, through the communication interface, set the communication protocol to receive data from the sensor module, so as to accurately obtain the information of the antenna position, direction, environment and signal quality collected by the sensor module, and provide data basis for subsequent processing;

[0089] A12, according to the received position, direction and signal quality data, combined with the antenna gain direction diagram and coverage range requirement in the storage unit, calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to adjust, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0090] wherein is the azimuth angle that needs to be adjusted, is the target azimuth angle of the antenna, is the current azimuth angle of the antenna;

[0091] A13, according to the signal strength and distance relationship and the combination of antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction, the antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power, and the optimization formula is as follows:

[0092] wherein, is the receiving power, is the transmitting power, is the path loss and the relationship of the antenna direction angle, is the antenna gain;

[0093] A14, according to the environmental parameters, the adjusted power after optimization is corrected, so as to obtain more accurate adjustment angle, and the correction formula is as follows:

[0094] wherein, is the corrected power, is the optimized receiving power, is the transmitting antenna gain, is the receiving antenna gain, is the signal wavelength, is the transmission distance;

[0095] A15, according to the adjustment angle and the step angle of the driving motor, the rotation frequency of the driving motor is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0096] wherein, is the number of steps that the stepping motor needs to rotate, is the angle that the stepping motor needs to rotate, is the motor step angle;

[0097] By calculating the optimal adjustment direction and angle adjustment amount of the antenna, considering the environmental factors to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the antenna adjustment, better signal coverage is realized;

[0098] The communication interface uses a communication protocol matched with the sensor module to receive data, and sends the control instructions generated by the microprocessor according to the communication protocol that can be recognized by the driving module, establishes an effective communication link with the sensor module, ensures that various data collected by the sensor module can be accurately received, provides data source for the control of the whole system, accurately conveys the control intention of the microprocessor to the driving module, and realizes effective control of the steering adjustment of the antenna.

[0099] The driving module is used for driving the steering mechanism of the antenna according to the instructions sent by the control module, and realizing the steering adjustment of the antenna.

[0100] The driving module comprises a driving signal generating unit for generating and sending driving signals to the antenna and a steering mechanism for realizing steering of the antenna, and the driving signal generating unit is electrically connected with the steering mechanism.

[0101] As shown in Figure 3 The driving signal generating unit generates and sends driving signals in the following procedure:

[0102] B11, receiving the antenna steering control instruction sent by the control module through the communication interface connected with the control module, the steering control instruction containing the angle and speed information of the antenna to be rotated;

[0103] B12, analyzing the received control instruction and extracting the key parameters of the antenna, including the rotation angle and rotation speed;

[0104] B13, generating a pulse signal based on the rotation angle of the stepping motor according to the extracted key parameters of the antenna;

[0105] When generating the pulse signal, the number of pulses to be sent is calculated according to the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepping motor, and then a timer or a pulse generator is used to generate the pulse signal of the corresponding data. The calculation formula of the pulse signal is as follows:

[0106] wherein, is the frequency of the pulse signal, is the rotation speed of the stepping motor, is the step angle of the stepping motor;

[0107] By generating an accurate pulse signal sequence, the stepping motor is controlled to rotate at the required angle and speed, thereby driving the antenna to steer.

[0108] The steering mechanism mainly comprises a lead screw and a nut. The motor drives the lead screw to rotate, and the nut is connected with the antenna support. Since the nut cannot rotate, it can only move axially along the lead screw, thereby converting the rotary motion of the stepping motor into the linear motion of the antenna. The rotation direction and the number of rotations of the stepping motor are controlled to accurately control the angle and position of the antenna.

[0109] As shown in Figure 4 The steering mechanism adjusts the steering of the antenna in the following procedure:

[0110] B21, the stepping motor starts to rotate after receiving the driving signal, and the rotation of the motor is transmitted to the antenna through the transmission mechanism;

[0111] B22, calculating the actual steering angle of the antenna according to the driving angle of the stepping motor and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism, and the calculation formula of the steering angle of the antenna is as follows:

[0112] ,in, This refers to the antenna turning angle. The rotation angle of the motor. 1 represents the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism;

[0113] B23. After the antenna is rotated to the designated position, the antenna position is fixed by a mechanical locking mechanism to prevent the antenna position from shifting due to external factors, ensuring that the antenna remains stable in the adjusted position and maintaining the accuracy of the signal coverage direction.

[0114] The feedback module feeds back the actual adjusted position and status information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna to the control module, so that the control module can make further adjustments and optimizations.

[0115] The feedback module provides location and status information feedback as follows:

[0116] C11. Filter the antenna-adjusted position data to remove noise and interference. The filtering formula is as follows:

[0117] ;

[0118] in, The filtered data, To adjust the sliding window size, For the received data sequence, The total amount of data received;

[0119] C12. Calibrate the angle data using the calibration parameters after filtering. The calibration formula is as follows:

[0120] ,in, b are calibration coefficients. The original measured azimuth angle, To calibrate the azimuth angle;

[0121] C13. Feed back the processed position and angle information to the control module through the communication interface;

[0122] The process by which the control module further adjusts and optimizes after receiving feedback data is as follows:

[0123] C21. After receiving the feedback data, the control module parses the data format and extracts the actual position and direction information of the antenna.

[0124] C22. Compare the actual position of the antenna with the desired position and calculate the position error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0125] ;

[0126] ;

[0127] ;

[0128] wherein, , , ) are actual antenna position coordinates, ( , , ) are expected position coordinates, is the x-direction error of the antenna expected coordinates and actual coordinates, is the y-direction error of the antenna expected coordinates and actual coordinates, is the z-direction error of the antenna expected coordinates and actual coordinates;

[0129] C23, the actual azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the antenna are compared with the expected azimuth angle and the expected elevation angle, the direction error is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0130] ,

[0131] wherein, is the azimuth angle error, is the expected azimuth angle, is the actual azimuth angle, is the expected elevation angle, is the actual elevation angle, is the elevation angle error;

[0132] C24, it is determined whether the calculated azimuth error and position error exceed the allowed range, if the allowed range is not exceeded, data processing is performed through the microprocessor, and if the allowed range is exceeded, the data needs to be further adjusted and optimized, so that the calculated azimuth error and position error can be adjusted to the allowed range;

[0133] Through the cooperation of the sensor module, the control module, the driving module and the feedback module, the direction of the antenna can be accurately adjusted according to different geographical environments, user distribution and signal propagation requirements, so that the signal can better cover the target area, reduce the signal blind area and weak coverage area, and improve the overall coverage quality of the network. Through precise steering adjustment, the signal can be concentrated in the area where the users are concentrated, the capacity and spectrum efficiency of the system are improved, the communication needs of more users are met, and the data transmission speed and network performance are improved.

[0134] Based on the above-described 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment system, the present application also provides a 5G high-precision combined antenna steering adjustment method, as shown in Figure 5 , comprising the following steps:

[0135] S1, real-time monitoring of the current position, direction and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna by the sensor module;

[0136] S2, after the control module receives the data transmitted by the sensor module, the data is preprocessed and verified to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data;

[0137] S3, the control module calculates the direction and angle that the antenna needs to adjust using a preset algorithm and strategy; the preset algorithm is based on the physical characteristics of the antenna, signal propagation rules and environmental impact factors, etc.;

[0138] S4, the control module sends the adjustment instruction to the driving module through the communication interface;

[0139] S5, after the driving module receives the instruction, it parses the instruction content and drives the steering mechanism of the antenna to adjust the steering according to the instruction;

[0140] S6, after the antenna steering adjustment is completed, the 5G high-precision combined antenna actual adjustment position and state information is fed back to the control module through the feedback module;

[0141] S7, after the control module receives the feedback information, it compares with the preset target state, evaluates the adjustment effect, if the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will re-calculate the adjustment instruction based on the feedback information, and send it to the driving module again for fine tuning, if the adjustment effect is ideal, return to S6.

[0142] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna, characterized in that: It includes a sensor module for real-time monitoring of the current status information of the antenna. The sensor module is used to monitor the current position, orientation, environmental parameters and signal quality information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna in real time, and provide data support for the control module. The control module is used to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted according to a preset algorithm and strategy, and send control commands to the drive module. The control module includes a microprocessor, a storage unit and a communication interface, and the microprocessor is electrically connected to the storage unit and the communication interface respectively. A drive module is provided, which drives the antenna's steering mechanism according to the instructions sent by the control module to achieve antenna steering adjustment. The drive module includes a drive signal generation unit for sending drive signals to the antenna and a steering mechanism for achieving antenna steering. The drive signal generation unit is electrically connected to the steering mechanism. The feedback module feeds back the actual adjusted position and status information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna to the control module, so that the control module can make further adjustments and optimizations. The control module is electrically connected to the sensor module and the drive module, respectively, and the feedback module is electrically connected to the drive module and the control module, respectively.

2. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes a position information acquisition unit, a direction information acquisition unit, an environmental information acquisition unit, and a signal quality acquisition unit. The position information acquisition unit, the direction information acquisition unit, the environmental information acquisition unit, and the signal quality acquisition unit are all electrically connected to the control module.

3. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: The location information acquisition unit uses a GPS sensor to receive signals from at least four satellites and calculates the antenna position based on the satellite signals. The formula for calculating the antenna position is as follows: , where (x i ,y i ,z i ) represents the satellite's position coordinates, ( , , ( ) represents the antenna's position coordinates. , and These represent the coordinate differences between the antenna position and the satellite position.

4. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The direction information acquisition unit uses an electronic compass to measure the horizontal component of the geomagnetic field intensity. and Calculate the antenna azimuth angle based on the horizontal component. The calculation formula is as follows: 。 5. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The environmental information acquisition unit uses a wind speed sensor to detect wind speed, and the wind speed calculation formula is as follows: Where V is the wind speed. The distance from which ultrasound waves can travel. The time it takes for the ultrasound to travel downwind. The time it takes for the ultrasound to travel against the wind. The signal quality acquisition unit uses an RSSI sensor to receive signal power, and then calculates the signal strength based on the signal power. The signal strength calculation formula is as follows: Where P is the received signal power. The base value for unit conversion.

6. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process by which the microprocessor performs data processing and executes control algorithms is as follows: A11. Receive data from the sensor module by setting the communication protocol through the communication interface in order to accurately obtain information on antenna position, orientation, environment, and signal quality collected by the sensor module; A12. Based on the received location, direction, and signal quality data, and combined with the antenna gain pattern and coverage requirements in the storage unit, calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, For the azimuth angle that needs to be adjusted, The azimuth angle of the antenna target. This is the current azimuth angle of the antenna; A13. Based on the relationship between signal strength and distance, and considering antenna gain, the signal receiving power is optimized by adjusting the antenna direction. The antenna adjustment direction is determined by optimizing the signal receiving power, and the optimization formula is as follows: ,in, For received power, For transmission power, This relates path loss to the antenna's azimuth angle. Antenna gain; A14. The optimized power adjustment is corrected based on environmental parameters, using the following formula: ,in, For the corrected power, To optimize the received power, For the transmit antenna gain, For receiving antenna gain, For the signal wavelength, For transmission distance; A15. Calculate the rotation frequency of the drive motor based on the adjustment angle and the step angle of the drive motor. The calculation formula is as follows: ,in, This represents the number of steps the stepper motor needs to rotate. This is the angle that the stepper motor needs to rotate. This is the motor step angle.

7. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: The process of generating and sending drive signals by the drive signal generation unit is as follows: B11. Receive antenna turning control commands sent by the control module through the communication interface connected to the control module. The turning control commands contain information about the angle and speed at which the antenna needs to rotate. B12. Parse the received control commands and extract the key antenna parameters, including the rotation angle and rotation speed. B13. Generate a pulse signal based on the stepper motor rotation angle according to the extracted key antenna parameters; When generating pulse signals, the number of pulses to be sent is first calculated based on the analyzed rotation angle and the step angle of the stepper motor. Then, a timer or pulse generator is used to generate pulse signals with the corresponding data. The formula for calculating pulse signals is as follows: ,in, The frequency of the pulse signal. The speed of the stepper motor. This refers to the step angle of the stepper motor.

8. The directional adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process by which the steering mechanism adjusts the antenna's direction is as follows: B21. After receiving the drive signal, the stepper motor starts to rotate and transmits the rotation of the motor to the antenna through the transmission mechanism. B22. Based on the stepper motor drive angle and the transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism, calculate the actual turning angle of the antenna. The formula for calculating the antenna turning angle is as follows: ,in, This refers to the antenna turning angle. The rotation angle of the motor. 1 represents the total transmission ratio of the transmission mechanism; B23. After the antenna is rotated to the designated position, the antenna position is fixed by a mechanical locking mechanism.

9. The steering adjustment system for a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feedback module provides location and status information feedback as follows: C11. Filter the antenna-adjusted position data to remove noise and interference. The filtering formula is as follows: ； in, The filtered data, To adjust the sliding window size, For the received data sequence, The total amount of data received; C12. Calibrate the angle data using the calibration parameters after filtering. The calibration formula is as follows: ,in, b are calibration coefficients. The original measured azimuth angle, To calibrate the azimuth angle; C13. Feed back the processed position and angle information to the control module through the communication interface; The process by which the control module further adjusts and optimizes after receiving feedback data is as follows: C21. After receiving the feedback data, the control module parses the data format and extracts the actual position and direction information of the antenna. C22. Compare the actual position of the antenna with the desired position and calculate the position error. The calculation formula is as follows: ； ； ； in,( , , ( ) represents the actual antenna position coordinates, , , ( ) represents the desired location coordinates. This represents the x-direction error between the desired and actual coordinates of the antenna. This represents the y-direction error between the desired and actual coordinates of the antenna. This represents the z-direction error between the desired and actual coordinates of the antenna. C23. Compare the actual azimuth and elevation angles of the antenna with the desired azimuth and elevation angles, and calculate the direction error. The calculation formula is as follows: ， ,in, This is the azimuth error. For the desired azimuth angle, This is the actual azimuth angle. For the desired pitch angle, This is the actual pitch angle. This refers to the pitch angle error; C24. Determine whether the calculated azimuth and position errors exceed the allowable range. If they do not exceed the allowable range, the data is processed by the microprocessor. If they exceed the allowable range, the data needs to be further adjusted and optimized so that the calculated azimuth and position errors can be adjusted to the allowable range.

10. A method for adjusting the orientation of a 5G high-precision combined antenna, based on the orientation adjustment system of a 5G high-precision combined antenna according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Real-time monitoring of the current position, orientation, and signal quality of the 5G high-precision combined antenna via sensor modules; S2. After receiving the data transmitted by the sensor module, the control module performs data preprocessing and verification. S3. The control module uses preset algorithms and strategies to calculate the direction and angle that the antenna needs to be adjusted. S4. The control module sends adjustment commands to the drive module through the communication interface; S5. After receiving the instruction, the drive module parses the instruction content and drives the antenna's steering mechanism to adjust the steering according to the instruction requirements. S6. After the antenna rotation adjustment is completed, the feedback module feeds back the actual adjusted position and status information of the 5G high-precision combined antenna to the control module. S7. After receiving the feedback information, the control module compares it with the preset target state and evaluates the adjustment effect. If the adjustment effect is not ideal, the control module will recalculate the adjustment command based on the feedback information and send it to the drive module again for fine-tuning. If the adjustment effect is ideal, it returns to S6.

Images