A traction device and laying method for rapid laying of underground cables

Abstract

The present invention discloses a traction device and a laying method for rapid laying of underground cables, which relate to the technical field of cable laying, a traction component for winding up the sling; a guide component for guiding the cable to advance along a predetermined path; an auxiliary component for reducing wear during the cable traction process; and a positioning component for fixing the auxiliary component on the pipe to be passed through. The present invention sets an airbag sheath, and before the cable enters the channel, the airbag sheath is allowed to pass through the channel with the sling in an internally evacuated state. The airbag sheath is in a shrunken and soft state when the medium is not filled inside, so it can pass through the channel more easily. After the traction is completed, water is injected into the airbag sheath to expand the airbag sheath until the outer silicone strip outside the support part is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the channel, and then the cable passes through the airbag sheath. The airbag sheath is set to be made of silicone material, which greatly reduces the friction when the cable passes through and reduces the wear on the cable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable laying, and in particular to a traction device and a laying method for rapid laying of underground cables. Background Art

[0002] The underground cable laying traction device is an indispensable and important tool in the cable laying project. It is mainly used to pull the cable into the underground pipeline or trench. Among them, the direct traction method refers to the use of a traction machine or other power device, through a traction rope or traction belt (sling), to pull the cable into the underground pipeline until it passes through the underground pipeline. For this traction method, special attention should be paid to the smoothness and cleanliness of the inner wall of the pipeline.

[0003] During the underground cable laying process, due to the complex terrain, the cable will encounter different resistances when being pulled (especially when the underground pipeline is a cement pipe), resulting in an increase in the load of the traction device. Excessive traction will cause the cable to be damaged by scratches against the terrain. At the same time, the motor of the traction device may be damaged due to excessive load. These problems ultimately lead to increased cable laying costs and reduced efficiency.

[0004] In the prior art, a Chinese patent for a traction device (publication number CN118249254B) for outdoor underground cable laying is proposed to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. The technical solution disclosed in the patent document is as follows: "It includes a base, the base is equipped with a control panel, a motor is installed in the base, the motor is electrically connected to the control panel, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to an output bevel gear, a power shaft is rotatably connected in the base, the power shaft is provided with a passive bevel gear meshing with the output bevel gear, the base is fixedly connected to a mirror-distributed traction seat, the traction seat is rotatably connected to a traction roller and a center shaft, the center shaft is splined with a buffer frame, and the traction roller is slidably connected with evenly distributed buffer splints. The present invention buffers the reaction force of the traction force exerted on the traction roller by the evenly distributed buffer splints in contact with the buffer frame, thereby avoiding excessive traction of the traction roller on the cable to cause damage to the cable, and at the same time avoiding excessive load on the motor by the traction force to cause damage to the motor." Although this technology uses a traction device with a buffer structure to pull the cable, in actual operation, due to the complex internal conditions of the underground pipeline, there may be some particles such as mud and sand inside or burrs on the inner wall of the pipe itself. Even through high-pressure water flushing, there are still friction objects that cannot be completely eliminated. This makes the cable not only face greater resistance when being pulled inside the underground pipeline, but also inevitably suffers from wear during the pulling process, increasing the risk of damage and reducing the safety of the cable. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a traction device and a laying method for rapid laying of underground cables, by first pulling an airbag sheath that can be filled with a medium inside a pipeline, so as to convert the uncontrollable friction between the cable and the pipeline into controllable friction between the cable and the inner wall of the airbag sheath, thereby reducing the wear of the cable during traction.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables comprises: a traction component for winding up a sling; a guide component for guiding the cable to advance along a predetermined path; an auxiliary component for reducing wear during cable traction; a positioning component for fixing the auxiliary component on a pipe to be passed through; the auxiliary component comprises an airbag sheath and a clamp, the airbag sheath consists of a supporting part and a limiting part, the limiting part has a diameter larger than the supporting part, an end of the supporting part away from the limiting part is fixedly connected to a force-bearing plate, the clamp is connected to the outside of the sling by bolts, one side of the clamp is fixedly connected to a connecting cable, an end of the connecting cable away from the clamp is fixedly connected to a traction plate, the traction plate and the force-bearing plate are connected by screws, the radii of the traction plate and the force-bearing plate are both smaller than the supporting part, a filling pipe is provided at one end of the limiting part, a valve is provided on the filling pipe, a silicone cushion layer is provided on the inner side of the airbag sheath, and a plurality of inner silicone strips parallel to the axial direction of the airbag sheath are provided on the inner side wall of the silicone cushion layer.

[0008] By adopting the above technical scheme, an airbag sheath is set, and before the cable enters the channel, the airbag sheath is allowed to pass through the channel along with the sling in an internally evacuated state. When the airbag sheath is not filled with a medium, it is in a deflated and soft state, so it can pass through the channel more easily, and the airbag sheath is fixed on both sides of the channel by using a positioning component; water is then injected into the airbag sheath to expand the airbag sheath until the outer silicone strip on the outside of the support part fits tightly with the inner wall of the channel; the sling is continued to be pulled to make the cable pass through the inside of the airbag sheath, and the inside of the airbag sheath is set to be made of silicone material, which greatly reduces the friction when the cable passes through and reduces the wear on the cable.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the positioning component includes a clamping ring, the outer wall portion of the clamping ring is threaded, and the threaded portion is threadedly connected to a clamping ring, the outer wall of the support portion is fixedly connected to a plurality of external silicone strips, the side wall of the external silicone strip is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves equidistantly along the axial direction, the inner wall of the clamping ring is provided with a plurality of strip grooves used in conjunction with the external silicone strips, and a plurality of clamping teeth used in conjunction with the tooth grooves are arranged inside the strip grooves.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the airbag cover is fixed in the channel by setting a special positioning component. Specifically, when the airbag cover passes through the channel and the limiting part contacts the end of the channel, the clamping ring is put on the outside and contacts the other end of the channel when the airbag cover is not filled with water, and water is injected into the inside of the airbag cover to make it gradually expand. When the airbag cover expands to a shape but has a low hardness, the clamping ring is adjusted (circumferential rotation), and the clamping ring is rotated so that the internal strip groove faces the external silicone strip, and then the clamping ring is adjusted along the axial direction of the airbag cover until the clamping tooth faces the tooth groove. At this time, the clamping ring cannot continue to move due to the clamping action of the clamping tooth and the tooth groove; due to the above adjustment, the clamping ring is at a certain distance from the end of the channel. By rotating the clamping ring, the clamping ring moves to the side close to the channel under the action of the external thread of the clamping ring until it is squeezed and matched with the end of the channel, thereby fixing the airbag cover.

[0011] The further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the traction component includes a support frame, a motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame, a reducer is installed at the output end of the motor, a hollow shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer, a take-up drum is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the support frame, one end of the central axis of the take-up drum extends to the outside of the support frame and is provided with a flat key groove, two mounting frames are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, a slide rail is fixedly connected between the inner sides of the mounting frames, a bearing seat is slidably connected between the outer sides of the two slide rails, a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the bearing seat, one end of the transmission shaft extends to the inside of the hollow shaft and is fixedly connected with a transmission ring, an extrusion block is fixedly connected to the inside of the hollow shaft, the extrusion block is extruded and matched with the transmission ring, a side wall of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with a positioning magnet, and a side wall of the bearing seat is fixedly connected with a first iron block used in conjunction with the positioning magnet; a side wall of the mounting frame is fixedly connected with an electromagnet, and a side wall of the bearing seat is fixedly connected with a second iron block used in conjunction with the electromagnet, and an end of the side wall of the transmission shaft away from the transmission ring is fixedly connected with a flat key used in conjunction with the flat key groove.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a traction component with an overload protection structure is provided. When traction is hindered, the rotation of the take-up drum is hindered and cannot rotate. At this time, as the hollow shaft continues to apply torque, the magnetic force of the positioning magnet on the first iron block is insufficient to overcome the axial force obtained by the transmission shaft. Therefore, under the extrusion cooperation of the extrusion block and the transmission ring, the transmission shaft will move toward the side away from the flat key slot until it leaves the transmission shaft and the flat key leaves the flat key slot, so that the torque of the transmission shaft can no longer be applied to the take-up drum, thereby stopping traction, and resetting to continue the traction action after a short delay.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the guide component includes a fixed frame, two first fixed pulleys are rotatably connected between the inner sides of the fixed frame, a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the inside of the fixed frame, two first sliding rods are slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate, the tops of the first sliding rods are fixedly connected to limiting blocks, the bottoms of the first sliding rods extend to the bottom of the fixed plate and are fixedly connected to the first wheel frame, the first movable pulley is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the first wheel frame, and a first spring is sleeved on the outside of the first sliding rod and located between the first wheel frame and the fixed plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting a guide component, the cable can be guided and supported before entering the airbag cover, thereby reducing the situation where the cable is concentratedly squeezed under the airbag cover. Specifically, the cable passes through the top of one of the first fixed pulleys, the bottom of the first movable pulley and the top of the other first fixed pulley in sequence before entering the airbag cover. The first movable pulley is tensioned by the first spring, so that the cable is tightened when passing through the first movable pulley, thereby avoiding shaking when being pulled to the airbag cover, and the second first fixed pulley passed can provide support and steering for the cable, so that it can enter the airbag cover at a height flush with the airbag cover, reducing the unidirectional squeezing of the cable on the airbag cover (such as downward action of gravity), thereby alleviating the blockage.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a piston cylinder is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame, a first piston plate is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder, a turntable is fixedly connected to the end of the central axis of the take-up reel away from the flat key groove, a rocker is rotatably connected to one side of the turntable, the bottom of the rocker extends to the interior of the piston cylinder and is rotatably connected to the top of the first piston plate, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged on the piston cylinder, a one-way valve is arranged inside the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, an air nozzle is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame, and the air outlet pipe is communicated with the air nozzle.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a turntable is set to rotate synchronously with the take-up drum. During the traction process, the turntable rotates accordingly, and the first piston plate is driven to perform piston movement through the rocker. When the first piston plate moves upward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe is connected, and the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe is blocked, so that the piston cylinder draws air through the air inlet pipe; when the first piston plate moves downward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe is blocked, and the one-way valve in the air outlet pipe is connected, so that the piston cylinder exhausts air to the air nozzle through the air outlet pipe, and the air nozzle faces the cable. The air blowing process of the air nozzle can blow away sand and dust on the cable; the above structure is linked with the take-up drum, and the blowing is also stopped immediately when the traction is stopped, thereby avoiding power waste.

[0017] The cam is connected to the second support plate by the second spring, and the second support plate is connected to the second support plate by the second spring. A second piston plate is slidably connected between the inner walls of the cylinder, a linkage rod is slidably connected to the bottom of the second support plate, the top of the linkage rod extends to the inside of the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the second piston plate, and the bottom of the linkage rod is fixedly connected to the second wheel frame; a thin tube is connected between the air nozzle and the upper part of the cylinder, the diameter of the thin tube is smaller than the air outlet pipe, a pressure relief pipe is connected between the air nozzle and the lower part of the cylinder, the air outlet pipe is connected to the cylinder, and the diameter of the pressure relief pipe is larger than the air outlet pipe; two second fixed pulleys are rotatably connected to the top of the first support plate, and the elastic force of the second spring is smaller than the elastic force of the first spring.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, during normal winding, air can be inflated into the air cylinder through the piston cylinder, and part of the gas is directly injected into the air nozzle through a thin tube to blow away dust. When the obstruction is too great, the traction is temporarily stopped, so that the take-up drum does not rotate and the air cylinder cannot be inflated. At this time, the air pressure inside the air cylinder cannot maintain the state of the second piston plate, so that the second spring rebounds and pushes the second wheel frame to move upward. At the same time, the second piston plate is pushed upward through the linkage rod, and this part loses the downward pressure on the sling, thereby releasing the bending part of the V-shaped structure during the traction process. At the same time, the first spring rebounds when the traction effect is lost, and pushes the first wheel frame to move downward, thereby pulling the cable, causing the cable to move a distance in the opposite direction of the traction direction, thereby promoting the water inside the airbag sheath to flow in the opposite direction of the traction direction, so that the water inside the airbag is squeezed in the opposite direction to clear the blockage.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, a hanging buckle is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate, a rocker rod is rotatably connected to the top of the L-shaped plate, a tension spring is suspended between the end of the rocker rod away from the L-shaped plate and the hanging buckle, two limit pins are fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate, the end of the rocker rod is rotatably connected to a sliding sleeve, the side wall of the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the limit rod, the limit rod passes through the sliding sleeve and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a rocker arm, the transmission shaft can be assisted in switching states. Specifically, when the flat key of the transmission shaft is about to leave the flat key slot under the action of the extrusion block and the transmission ring, the rocker arm swings through its swing center position. After swinging through the center position, the rocker arm will be quickly swung to a position symmetrical to the position before the swing under the action of the tension spring, and the symmetry axis is the swing center position. At the same time, the bearing seat is driven to move toward the side close to the hollow shaft through the sliding sleeve and the limit rod, thereby assisting the transmission shaft to move further away from the take-up reel, avoiding the above-mentioned repeated switching state.

[0021] The present invention also provides a method for rapid laying of underground cables, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: Pull the airbag sheath in the unfilled state toward the underground pipeline by means of a sling until the limiting part of the airbag sheath contacts the end of the underground pipeline;

[0023] The airbag sheath is pulled by taking advantage of the fact that it is in a dry and soft state when the medium is not filled inside, so that it can pass through the hole more easily;

[0024] S2: Fill the airbag sheath with water, and use the airbag sheath to expand and fix the airbag sheath on the underground pipeline until the outer side of the airbag sheath fits tightly with the inner wall of the underground pipeline, and release the connection between the airbag sheath and the sling;

[0025] Prevent the airbag sheath from moving axially during subsequent traction, thus increasing the protective effect;

[0026] S3: Pull the cable through the pulling component to make the cable pass through the airbag sheath until the cable is pulled completely, and disconnect the connection between the sling and the cable;

[0027] The cable is pulled through the inside of the airbag sheath. The inside of the airbag sheath is made of silicone material, which reduces the friction when the cable passes through and reduces the wear on the cable.

[0028] S4: Pump out the water in the airbag sheath until the airbag sheath shrinks, reconnect the sling to the airbag sheath, fix the cable so that the cable cannot move axially, and use the traction component to pull the airbag sheath in a shrunk state out of the underground pipeline;

[0029] The balloon sheath in the deflated state is smaller in size and can deform to adapt to the remaining space in the tube, so that it can be easily pulled out.

[0030] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advances compared with the prior art:

[0031] 1. The present invention provides an airbag sheath. Before the cable enters the hole, the airbag sheath is evacuated and passes through the hole along with the sling. The airbag sheath is dry and soft when no medium is filled inside, so it can pass through the hole more easily until the limit part contacts the end of the hole, and the traction is stopped. The airbag sheath is fixed to both sides of the hole by using the positioning component. Then water is injected into the airbag sheath to expand the airbag sheath until the outer silicone strip outside the supporting part fits tightly with the inner wall of the hole. After the airbag sheath is completely expanded, the valve on the filling pipe is closed, and the screws between the traction plate and the force plate are unscrewed, and the clamp is removed at the same time. The sling is continued to be pulled to make the cable pass through the inside of the airbag sheath. The inside of the airbag sheath is set to be made of silicone material, which greatly reduces the friction of the cable when passing through and reduces the wear on the cable.

[0032] 2. The present invention fixes the airbag cover in the channel by providing a special positioning component. Specifically, when the airbag cover passes through the channel and the limiting part contacts the end of the channel, the clamping ring is put on the outside and contacts the other end of the channel when the airbag cover is not filled with water, and water is injected into the inside of the airbag cover to make it gradually expand. When the airbag cover expands to form but has a low hardness, the clamping ring is adjusted, and the clamping ring is rotated so that the internal strip groove faces the external silicone strip, and then the clamping ring is adjusted along the axial direction of the airbag cover until the clamping tooth faces the tooth groove. At this time, the clamping ring cannot continue to move due to the clamping action of the clamping tooth and the tooth groove; due to the above adjustment, the clamping ring is at a certain distance from the end of the channel. By rotating the clamping ring, the clamping ring moves to the side close to the channel under the action of the external thread of the clamping ring until it is squeezed and matched with the end of the channel, thereby fixing the airbag cover.

[0033] 3. The present invention provides a traction component with an overload protection structure. When traction is obstructed, the rotation of the take-up drum is obstructed and cannot rotate. At this time, the hollow shaft continues to apply torque so that the magnetic force of the positioning magnet on the first iron block is insufficient to overcome the axial force obtained by the transmission shaft. Therefore, under the extrusion cooperation of the extrusion block and the transmission ring, the transmission shaft will move toward the side away from the flat key slot until it leaves the transmission shaft and the flat key leaves the flat key slot, so that the torque of the transmission shaft can no longer be applied to the take-up drum, thereby stopping traction, and resetting to continue the traction action after a short delay, thereby avoiding damage to the cable or airbag sheath due to forced traction when traction is obstructed.

[0034] 4. The present invention sets a turntable which rotates synchronously with the take-up reel. During the traction process, the turntable rotates accordingly and drives the first piston plate to do piston movement through the rocker. When the first piston plate moves upward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe is connected, and the one-way valve of the air outlet pipe is blocked, so that the piston cylinder draws air through the air inlet pipe; when the first piston plate moves downward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe is blocked, and the one-way valve of the air outlet pipe is connected, so that the piston cylinder exhausts air to the air nozzle through the air outlet pipe, and the air nozzle faces the cable. The air blowing process of the air nozzle can blow away sand and dust on the cable, thereby reducing the objects that are likely to fall into the airbag sheath during subsequent use and cause traction wear.

[0035] 5. The present invention provides an air cylinder to store energy during normal traction and release it when traction is blocked and stopped, so that the cable flows in the opposite direction of traction under the rebound of the first spring in the guide component, so that the water inside the airbag is squeezed in the reverse direction to clear the blockage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is the installation schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the traction component of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 It is one of the cross-sectional structural schematic diagrams of the traction component of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 The second schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the traction component of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the airbag cover of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the airbag sheath and the clamping ring of the present invention;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the hollow shaft and the transmission shaft of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.10 It is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the hollow shaft and the transmission shaft of the present invention in cooperation with each other (the left side shows the transmission shaft and the flat keyway connected, and the right side shows the transmission shaft and the flat keyway disconnected);

[0047] Fig.11 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0048] Fig.12 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0049] Fig.13 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of center C.

[0050] In the figure: 1. airbag cover; 101. support part; 102. limit part; 103. outer silicone strip; 104. clamping ring; 105. clamping ring; 106. inner silicone strip; 107. force plate; 108. silicone cushion; 109. tooth groove; 110. strip groove; 111. clamping tooth; 112. clamping hoop; 113. connecting rope; 114. traction plate; 2. support frame; 3. fixing frame; 4. motor; 5. take-up drum; 6. hollow shaft; 7. extrusion block; 8. mounting frame; 9. slide rail; 11. bearing seat; 12. flat keyway; 13. transmission shaft; 14. transmission ring; 15. first iron block; 16. positioning magnet; 17. second iron block; 18. electromagnet ; 19. L-shaped plate; 20. Hanging buckle; 21. Rocker; 22. Limit rod; 23. Sliding sleeve; 24. Piston cylinder; 25. First piston plate; 26. Inlet pipe; 27. Exit pipe; 28. Turntable; 29. ​​Rocker; 30. Fixed plate; 31. First slide bar; 32. First fixed pulley; 33. First wheel frame; 34. First movable pulley; 35. First support plate; 36. Second support plate; 37. Second fixed pulley; 38. Second slide bar; 39. Second wheel frame; 40. Second movable pulley; 41. Air nozzle; 42. Air cylinder; 43. Second piston plate; 44. Linkage rod; 45. Pressure relief pipe; 46. Capillary; 47. First spring; 48. Second spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1-Figure 13As shown, a traction device for rapid laying of underground cables comprises: a traction component for winding up the sling; a guide component for guiding the cable to advance along a predetermined path; an auxiliary component for reducing wear during the cable traction process; a positioning component for fixing the auxiliary component on the pipe to be passed through; the auxiliary component comprises an airbag sheath 1 and a clamp 112, the airbag sheath 1 is composed of a supporting portion 101 and a limiting portion 102, the limiting portion 102 has a larger diameter than the supporting portion 101, and one end of the supporting portion 101 away from the limiting portion 102 is fixedly connected to a force plate 107, and the clamp 1 12 is connected to the outside of the sling by bolts, one side of the clamp 112 is fixedly connected to a connecting cable 113, the end of the connecting cable 113 away from the clamp 112 is fixedly connected to a traction plate 114, the traction plate 114 and the force plate 107 are connected by screws, the radii of the traction plate 114 and the force plate 107 are smaller than the supporting part 101, a filling pipe is provided at one end of the limiting part 102, and a valve is provided on the filling pipe, a silicone pad layer 108 is provided on the inner side of the airbag cover 1, and a plurality of inner silicone strips 106 parallel to the axial direction of the airbag cover 1 are provided on the inner side wall of the silicone pad layer 108.

[0054] In this embodiment, by providing the airbag sheath 1, before the cable enters the hole (underground pipeline or concrete hole), the airbag sheath 1 is allowed to pass through the hole with the sling in an internally evacuated state. The airbag sheath 1 is in a deflated and soft state when no medium is filled inside, so it can pass through the hole more easily until the limiting portion 102 contacts the end of the hole, the traction is stopped, and the airbag sheath 1 is fixed to both sides of the hole by using the positioning component; then water is injected into the airbag sheath 1 to expand the airbag sheath 1 until the outer silicone strip 103 outside the supporting portion 101 fits tightly with the inner wall of the hole. After the airbag sheath 1 is fully inflated, close the valve on the filling pipe (the filling pipe and the valve are not shown in the figure), unscrew the screws between the traction plate 114 and the force plate 107, and remove the clamp 112 at the same time; continue to pull the sling to make the cable pass through the inside of the airbag sheath 1. The inside of the airbag sheath 1 is set to be made of silicone material, which greatly reduces the friction when the cable passes through and reduces the wear on the cable; wherein, the inner wall of the airbag sheath 1 is provided with an inner silicone strip 106, thereby further reducing the contact area between the cable and the airbag sheath 1, thereby reducing wear and friction.

[0055] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Fig.11As shown, preferably, the positioning component includes a clamping ring 105, the outer wall portion of the clamping ring 105 is threaded, and the threaded portion is threadedly connected to a clamping ring 104, the outer wall of the support portion 101 is fixedly connected to a plurality of outer silicone strips 103, the side wall of the outer silicone strip 103 is axially equidistantly provided with a plurality of tooth grooves 109, the inner wall of the clamping ring 105 is provided with a plurality of strip grooves 110 used in conjunction with the outer silicone strip 103, and the interior of the strip groove 110 is provided with a plurality of locking teeth 111 used in conjunction with the tooth grooves 109.

[0056] Since the length of the hole is not fixed during the actual construction process, the positioning component must be able to adapt to the length of the hole for fixing, and the size and hardness of the airbag cover 1 itself are affected by its use stage, and the traditional clamp cannot complete the above fixing operation;

[0057] In this embodiment, the airbag cover 1 is fixed in the channel by providing a special positioning component. Specifically, when the airbag cover 1 passes through the channel and the stopper 102 contacts the end of the channel, the collar 105 is sleeved on the outside and contacts the other end of the channel when the airbag cover 1 is not filled with water, and water is injected into the inside of the airbag cover 1 to gradually expand it. When the airbag cover 1 expands to a shape but has a low hardness, the collar 105 is adjusted (circumferential rotation), and the collar 105 is rotated so that the strip groove 110 inside it faces the outer silicone strip. 103, and then adjust the position of the clamping ring 105 along the axial direction of the airbag cover 1 until the locking tooth 111 is opposite to the tooth groove 109. At this time, the clamping ring 105 cannot continue to move due to the locking action of the locking tooth 111 and the tooth groove 109; due to the above adjustment, the clamping ring 105 is at a certain distance from the end of the channel. By rotating the clamping ring 104, the clamping ring 104 moves to the side close to the channel under the action of the external thread of the clamping ring 105 until it is squeezed and matched with the end of the channel, thereby fixing the airbag cover 1.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Fig.10 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the traction component includes a support frame 2, a motor 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 2, a reducer is matched with the output end of the motor 4, a hollow shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer, a take-up drum 5 is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the support frame 2, one end of the central axis of the take-up drum 5 extends to the outside of the support frame 2 and is provided with a flat key groove 12, two mounting frames 8 are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 2, a slide rail 9 is fixedly connected between the inner sides of the mounting frames 8, a bearing seat 11 is slidably connected between the outer sides of the two slide rails 9, and a transmission shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 11, as shown in FIG. Fig.13As shown, one end of the transmission shaft 13 extends to the interior of the hollow shaft 6 and is fixedly connected to the transmission ring 14, the inner side of the hollow shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the extrusion block 7, the extrusion block 7 is extruded and matched with the transmission ring 14, the side wall of the mounting frame 8 is fixedly connected to the positioning magnet 16, the side wall of the bearing seat 11 is fixedly connected to the first iron block 15 used in conjunction with the positioning magnet 16; the side wall of the mounting frame 8 is fixedly connected to the electromagnet 18, the side wall of the bearing seat 11 is fixedly connected to the second iron block 17 used in conjunction with the electromagnet 18, and the end of the side wall of the transmission shaft 13 away from the transmission ring 14 is fixedly connected to a flat key used in conjunction with the flat key slot 12.

[0060] Although the cable will not be hindered by the friction between the cable and the inner wall of the hole through the above design, the cable is pulled from one end of the sheath to the other end along the axial direction during the pulling process, and the squeezing force of the cable on the airbag sheath 1 is also gradually applied from one end to the other end. During the pulling process, the water inside the airbag sheath 1 will also be squeezed from one end to the other end. When the pulling speed is too fast and the water has no time to flow, the moving direction of the cable will be hindered by the local expansion of the airbag sheath 1 itself, thereby causing the cable pulling to be blocked. If the pulling is forced, it is easy to damage the airbag sheath 1 or the cable;

[0061] In this embodiment, by providing a traction component with an overload protection structure, when traction is hindered, the output end of the reducer can be disengaged from the central axis of the take-up drum 5, thereby stopping traction to avoid damage to the airbag sheath 1 and the cable. Specifically, during normal traction, the motor 4 is controlled to work, and the hollow shaft 6 is rotated through the reducer transmission. The extrusion block 7 inside the hollow shaft 6 squeezes the transmission ring 14, so that the transmission shaft 13 obtains a circumferential rotation force and an axial movement force. During normal traction, the positioning magnet 16 and the first iron block 15 are adsorbed under the action of magnetic force, and the magnetic force can overcome the axial force obtained by the transmission shaft 13, so that the transmission shaft 13 will not move along the axial direction, but will rotate under the extrusion and cooperation of the extrusion block 7 and the transmission ring 14, and the take-up drum 5 is rotated through the action of the flat key and the flat key slot 12, thereby completing the traction action;

[0062] When the traction is blocked, the rotation of the take-up drum 5 is hindered and cannot rotate. At this time, the hollow shaft 6 continues to apply torque so that the magnetic force of the positioning magnet 16 on the first iron block 15 is insufficient to overcome the axial force obtained by the transmission shaft 13. Therefore, under the extrusion cooperation of the extrusion block 7 and the transmission ring 14, the transmission shaft 13 moves toward the side away from the flat key groove 12 until it leaves the transmission shaft 13 and the flat key leaves the flat key groove 12, so that the torque of the transmission shaft 13 can no longer be applied to the take-up drum 5, thereby stopping the traction;

[0063] The motor 4 itself has a torque monitoring function. After the transmission shaft 13 is separated from the take-up reel 5, the load is reduced, and after monitoring the load reduction signal, the electromagnet 18 is controlled to work after a delay of 3s, so that the bearing seat 11 is attracted to reset under the joint action of the electromagnet 18 on the second iron block 17 and the positioning magnet 16 on the first iron block 15, until the end of the transmission shaft 13 with the flat key is inserted into the flat key slot 12, so that the transmission can continue, and the traction action continues (when the flat key is not aligned with the flat key slot 12, the transmission shaft 13 still rotates relative to the take-up reel 5, and there is a tendency of axial movement. When the flat key is aligned with the flat key slot 12, it is automatically inserted).

[0064] It should be noted that the above-mentioned short-term cessation of traction and then continuation of traction is to solve the problem of water accumulating in the front of the airbag sheath 1 and causing blockage due to over-fast traction during traction, and the short-term cessation of traction allows the water to have time to flow to the rear.

[0065] Example 3

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of Example 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the guide component includes a fixed frame 3, two first fixed pulleys 32 are rotatably connected between the inner sides of the fixed frame 3, a fixed plate 30 is fixedly connected inside the fixed frame 3, two first sliding rods 31 are slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate 30, the tops of the first sliding rods 31 are fixedly connected to limited blocks, the bottoms of the first sliding rods 31 extend to the bottom of the fixed plate 30 and are fixedly connected with a first wheel frame 33, the inner sides of the first wheel frame 33 are rotatably connected with a first movable pulley 34, and a first spring 47 is sleeved on the outside of the first sliding rod 31 and located between the first wheel frame 33 and the fixed plate 30.

[0067] Since in this solution, the cable needs to be pulled through the airbag sheath 1, and the cable end is not fixed, the direction and state of the cable change all the time when entering the sheath, which makes it easy for the airbag sheath 1 to be squeezed in a certain direction, so that a single part of the airbag sheath 1 (for example, under the action of gravity, the cable tends to squeeze the lower part of the airbag sheath 1, so that the fluid is concentrated on the upper part of the airbag sheath 1), so that the airbag sheath 1 is more likely to hinder the pulling;

[0068] In the present embodiment, by providing a guide component, the cable can be guided and supported before entering the airbag cover 1, thereby reducing the situation where the cable is concentratedly squeezed under the airbag cover 1. Specifically, the cable passes through the top of one of the first fixed pulleys 32, the bottom of the first movable pulley 34 and the top of the other first fixed pulley 32 in sequence before entering the airbag cover 1. The first movable pulley 34 is tensioned by the first spring 47, so that the cable is tightened when passing through the first movable pulley 34, thereby avoiding shaking when being pulled to the airbag cover 1, and the second first fixed pulley 32 passed can provide support and steering for the cable, so that it can enter the airbag cover 1 at a height flush with the airbag cover 1, reducing the unidirectional squeezing of the cable on the airbag cover 1 (such as downward action of gravity), thereby alleviating the blockage.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Fig.11 As shown, on the basis of Example 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, a piston cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 2, a first piston plate 25 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder 24, a turntable 28 is fixedly connected to one end of the central axis of the take-up reel 5 away from the flat key groove 12, a rocker 29 is rotatably connected to one side of the turntable 28, the bottom of the rocker 29 extends to the interior of the piston cylinder 24 and is rotatably connected to the top of the first piston plate 25, an air inlet pipe 26 and an air outlet pipe 27 are provided on the piston cylinder 24, and a one-way valve is provided inside the air inlet pipe 26 and the air outlet pipe 27, an air nozzle 41 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 2, and the air outlet pipe 27 is communicated with the air nozzle 41.

[0071] Affected by the underground working environment, during the traction process, sand, stone and soil are inevitably adhered to the sling. If it is directly rolled up, the sand, stone and soil are likely to enter the airbag sheath 1 during the next use, thereby increasing the wear during the subsequent use.

[0072] In this embodiment, a turntable 28 is provided which rotates synchronously with the take-up drum 5. During the traction process, the turntable 28 rotates accordingly, and drives the first piston plate 25 to perform piston movement through the rocker 29. When the first piston plate 25 moves upward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe 26 is connected, and the one-way valve of the air outlet pipe 27 is blocked, so that the piston cylinder 24 draws air through the air inlet pipe 26; when the first piston plate 25 moves downward, the one-way valve inside the air inlet pipe 26 is blocked, and the one-way valve of the air outlet pipe 27 is connected, so that the piston cylinder 24 exhausts air to the air nozzle 41 through the air outlet pipe 27. The air nozzle 41 faces the cable, and the blowing process of the air nozzle 41 can blow away the sand and dust on the cable; the above structure is linked with the take-up drum 5, and the blowing is also stopped immediately when the traction is stopped, thereby avoiding power waste.

[0073] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Fig.12 As shown, preferably, a first support plate 35 is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame 2, and two second sliding rods 38 are slidably connected to the top of the first support plate 35, and the bottoms of the second sliding rods 38 extend to the bottom of the first support plate 35 and are fixedly connected to the limiting block, a second wheel frame 39 is fixedly connected between the tops of the second sliding rods 38, and a second movable pulley 40 is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the second wheel frames 39, and a second spring 48 is sleeved on the outer side of the second sliding rod 38, and a second support plate 36 is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame 2 close to the first support plate 35, and an air cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the second support plate 36, and a second air cylinder 42 is slidably connected between the inner walls of the air cylinder 42. The second piston plate 43 and the bottom of the second support plate 36 are slidably connected with a linkage rod 44, the top of the linkage rod 44 extends to the inside of the air cylinder 42 and is fixedly connected to the second piston plate 43, and the bottom of the linkage rod 44 is fixedly connected to the second wheel frame 39; a thin tube 46 is connected between the air nozzle 41 and the upper part of the air cylinder 42, and the diameter of the thin tube 46 is smaller than the air outlet pipe 27, and a pressure relief pipe 45 is connected between the air nozzle 41 and the lower part of the air cylinder 42, the air outlet pipe 27 is connected to the air cylinder 42, and the diameter of the pressure relief pipe 45 is larger than the air outlet pipe 27; the top of the first support plate 35 is rotatably connected to two second fixed pulleys 37, and the elastic force of the second spring 48 is smaller than the elastic force of the first spring 47.

[0074] In the above scheme, when the cable traction is blocked, the traction is stopped temporarily to wait for the water inside the airbag sheath 1 to flow for natural dredging. However, when the blockage is serious, it may not be dredged or the dredging speed may be slow if it is only relying on natural dredging (the blockage is serious and the water cannot flow or the flow speed is slow);

[0075] In this embodiment, by providing the air cylinder 42, during normal winding, the air cylinder 42 can be inflated through the piston cylinder 24, and part of the gas is directly injected into the air nozzle 41 through the capillary 46 to blow away dust. The diameter of the capillary 46 is smaller than the air outlet pipe 27, and the exhaust speed of the air cylinder 42 through the capillary 46 is lower than the injection speed through the air outlet pipe 27. Therefore, during the traction process, the gas inside the air cylinder 42 gradually increases and pushes the second piston plate 43 downward. Further, the second piston plate 43 pushes the second wheel frame 39 downward through the linkage rod 44, squeezing the second spring 4 8 At the same time, the second movable pulley 40 presses the sling downward, and the sling presents a V shape under the action of the two second fixed pulleys 37 and the second movable pulley 40; the positioning component should be used here: under normal conditions, the sling and the cable present a V shape after passing through the first movable pulley 34, and are subjected to the traction force during the traction process, the first movable pulley 34 moves upward and squeezes the first spring 47, and the first spring 47 accumulates potential energy (the elastic coefficient of the second spring 48 is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the first spring 47, and the elastic force of the second spring 48 is smaller than the elastic force of the first spring 47 under the same compression amount);

[0076] When the obstacle is too great, the traction is temporarily stopped, so that the take-up drum 5 does not rotate and cannot inflate the air into the air cylinder 42. At this time, the air pressure inside the air cylinder 42 cannot maintain the state of the second piston plate 43, so that the second spring 48 rebounds and pushes the second wheel frame 39 to move upward. At the same time, the second piston plate 43 is pushed upward by the linkage rod 44. This part loses the downward pressure on the sling, thereby releasing the bending part of the V-shaped structure during the traction process. At the same time, the first spring 47 rebounds when the traction effect is lost, and pushes the first wheel frame 33 to move downward, thereby pulling the cable, causing the cable to move a distance in the opposite direction of the traction direction, thereby promoting the water inside the airbag sheath 1 to flow in the opposite direction of the traction direction, so that the water inside the airbag is squeezed in the opposite direction to clear the blockage.

[0077] During normal traction, the piston cylinder 24 continues to inflate the interior of the air cylinder 42 until the second piston plate 43 moves to below the pressure relief pipe 45, and the gas inside the air cylinder 42 enters the air nozzle 41 through the pressure relief pipe 45, thereby releasing the pressure and being used for soot blowing.

[0078] like Figure 6 , Fig.10 and Fig.13 As shown, preferably, an L-shaped plate 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 2, a hook 20 is fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate 19, a rocker arm 21 is rotatably connected to the top of the L-shaped plate 19, a tension spring is suspended between the end of the rocker arm 21 away from the L-shaped plate 19 and the hook 20, two limit pins are fixedly connected to the top of the L-shaped plate 19, a sleeve 23 is rotatably connected to the end of the rocker arm 21, a limit rod 22 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing seat 11, the limit rod 22 passes through the sleeve 23 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 23.

[0079] During the traction process, when the take-up drum 5 is blocked and cannot rotate, the end of the transmission shaft 13 with the flat key leaves the flat key slot 12, but once the flat key leaves the flat key slot 12, the transmission shaft 13 will not be blocked in the circumferential direction, so that a large axial force cannot be obtained under the action of the extrusion block 7 and the transmission ring 14. When the axial force is smaller than the magnetic force of the positioning magnet 16 on the first iron block 15, the transmission shaft 13 continues to have a reset trend, so that the transmission shaft 13 is constantly in a state of repeated switching between connection and disconnection with the flat key slot 12;

[0080] In this embodiment, by setting the rocker arm 21, the transmission shaft 13 can be assisted in switching its state. Specifically, when the transmission shaft 13 is about to leave the flat key slot 12 under the action of the extrusion block 7 and the transmission ring 14, the rocker arm 21 swings through its swing center position (at this position, the rocker arm 21 and the tension spring are in the same straight line). After swinging through the center position, the rocker arm 21 will be quickly swung to a position symmetrical to the position before the swing under the action of the tension spring, and the symmetry axis is the swing center position. At the same time, the bearing seat 11 is driven to move toward the side close to the hollow shaft 6 through the sliding sleeve 23 and the limit rod 22, thereby assisting the transmission shaft 13 to move further away from the take-up reel 5, avoiding the above-mentioned repeated switching state.

[0081] The present invention also provides a method for rapid laying of underground cables, comprising the following steps:

[0082] S1: Pulling the airbag cover 1 in the unfilled state toward the underground pipeline by means of a sling until the limiting portion 102 of the airbag cover 1 contacts the end of the underground pipeline;

[0083] The airbag sheath 1 is pulled by taking advantage of the fact that it is in a dry and soft state when the medium is not filled inside, so that it can pass through the hole more easily;

[0084] S2: filling the airbag sheath 1 with water, and fixing the airbag sheath 1 on the underground pipeline by expanding the airbag sheath 1, until the outer side of the airbag sheath 1 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the underground pipeline, and releasing the connection between the airbag sheath 1 and the sling;

[0085] Avoid axial movement of the airbag sheath 1 during subsequent traction, thereby increasing the protective effect;

[0086] S3: Pull the cable through the pulling component to make the cable pass through the airbag sheath 1 until the cable is pulled completely, and disconnect the connection between the sling and the cable;

[0087] The cable is pulled through the inside of the airbag sheath 1. The inside of the airbag sheath 1 is made of silicone material, which reduces the friction when the cable passes through and reduces the wear on the cable.

[0088] S4: Pump out the water in the airbag sheath 1 until the airbag sheath 1 shrinks, reconnect the sling to the airbag sheath 1, fix the cable so that the cable cannot move axially, and use the traction component to pull the airbag sheath 1 in the shrunken state out of the underground pipeline;

[0089] The balloon sheath 1 in the collapsed state is smaller in size and can deform to adapt to the remaining space in the pipe, so it can be easily pulled out.

[0090] The above generally describes the present invention in detail, but it is obvious to a person skilled in the art that some modifications or improvements can be made to the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables, characterized in that: include: A traction component for reeling in the sling; A guide component, used to guide the cable to move along a predetermined path; Auxiliary components to reduce wear during cable pulling; A positioning component, used to fix the auxiliary component on the pipe to be passed through; The auxiliary component comprises an airbag cover (1) and a hoop (112); the airbag cover (1) comprises a supporting portion (101) and a limiting portion (102); the limiting portion (102) has a diameter larger than the supporting portion (101); an end of the supporting portion (101) away from the limiting portion (102) is fixedly connected to a force-bearing plate (107); the hoop (112) is connected to the outside of the sling by bolts; one side of the hoop (112) is fixedly connected to a connecting rope (113); the connecting rope (113) is away from the hoop (11 2) is fixedly connected to a traction plate (114), the traction plate (114) and the force-bearing plate (107) are connected by screws, the radii of the traction plate (114) and the force-bearing plate (107) are both smaller than the supporting portion (101), a filling pipe is provided at one end of the limiting portion (102), a valve is provided on the filling pipe, a silicone pad layer (108) is provided on the inner side of the airbag sheath (1), and a plurality of inner silicone strips (106) parallel to the axial direction of the airbag sheath (1) are provided on the inner side wall of the silicone pad layer (108).

2. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component comprises a clamping ring (105), the outer wall portion of the clamping ring (105) is threaded, and the threaded portion is threadedly connected to a clamping ring (104), the outer wall of the supporting portion (101) is fixedly connected to a plurality of outer silicone strips (103), the side wall of the outer silicone strip (103) is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves (109) equidistantly along the axial direction, the inner wall of the clamping ring (105) is provided with a plurality of strip grooves (110) for use in conjunction with the outer silicone strip (103), and a plurality of locking teeth (111) for use in conjunction with the tooth grooves (109) are arranged inside the strip grooves (110).

3. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 2, characterized in that: The traction component comprises a support frame (2), a motor (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame (2), a reducer is matched with the output end of the motor (4), a hollow shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the output end of the reducer, a take-up drum (5) is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the support frame (2), one end of the central axis of the take-up drum (5) extends to the outside of the support frame (2) and is provided with a flat keyway (12), two mounting frames (8) are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (2), a slide rail (9) is fixedly connected between the inner sides of the mounting frames (8), a bearing seat (11) is slidably connected between the outer sides of the two slide rails (9), a transmission shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the bearing seat (11), and the transmission shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft (13). One end of the hollow shaft (3) extends to the interior of the hollow shaft (6) and is fixedly connected to a transmission ring (14); an extrusion block (7) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the hollow shaft (6); the extrusion block (7) is extruded and matched with the transmission ring (14); a positioning magnet (16) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting frame (8); a first iron block (15) used in conjunction with the positioning magnet (16) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing seat (11); an electromagnet (18) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting frame (8); a second iron block (17) used in conjunction with the electromagnet (18) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bearing seat (11); and a flat key used in conjunction with the flat key slot (12) is fixedly connected to the end of the side wall of the transmission shaft (13) away from the transmission ring (14).

4. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide component comprises a fixed frame (3), two first fixed pulleys (32) are rotatably connected between the inner sides of the fixed frame (3), a fixed plate (30) is fixedly connected inside the fixed frame (3), two first sliding bars (31) are slidably connected to the top of the fixed plate (30), the tops of the first sliding bars (31) are fixedly connected to limit blocks, the bottoms of the first sliding bars (31) extend below the fixed plate (30) and are fixedly connected to a first wheel frame (33), the inner sides of the first wheel frame (33) are rotatably connected to a first movable pulley (34), and a first spring (47) is sleeved outside the first sliding bar (31) and located between the first wheel frame (33) and the fixed plate (30).

5. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 4, characterized in that: A piston cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (2), and a first piston plate (25) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the piston cylinder (24). A turntable (28) is fixedly connected to one end of the central axis of the take-up reel (5) away from the flat keyway (12), and a rocker (29) is rotatably connected to one side of the turntable (28). The bottom of the rocker (29) extends to the inside of the piston cylinder (24) and is rotatably connected to the top of the first piston plate (25). An air inlet pipe (26) and an air outlet pipe (27) are provided on the piston cylinder (24), and both the air inlet pipe (26) and the air outlet pipe (27) are provided with a one-way valve. A gas nozzle (41) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (2), and the air outlet pipe (27) is communicated with the gas nozzle (41).

6. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 5, characterized in that: A first support plate (35) is fixedly connected to one side of the support frame (2); two second slide bars (38) are slidably connected to the top of the first support plate (35); the bottoms of the second slide bars (38) extend below the first support plate (35) and are fixedly connected to a limit block; a second wheel frame (39) is fixedly connected between the tops of the second slide bars (38); a second movable pulley (40) is rotatably connected between the inner sides of the second wheel frames (39); a second spring (48) is sleeved on the outer side of the second slide bars (38); a second support plate (36) is fixedly connected to the side of the support frame (2) close to the first support plate (35); a gas cylinder (42) is fixedly connected to the top of the second support plate (36); a second piston plate (43) is slidably connected between the inner walls of the gas cylinder (42); The bottom of the second support plate (36) is slidably connected to a linkage rod (44), the top of the linkage rod (44) extends to the inside of the air cylinder (42) and is fixedly connected to the second piston plate (43), and the bottom of the linkage rod (44) is fixedly connected to the second wheel frame (39); a thin tube (46) is connected between the air nozzle (41) and the upper part of the air cylinder (42), the diameter of the thin tube (46) is smaller than the air outlet pipe (27), a pressure relief pipe (45) is connected between the air nozzle (41) and the lower part of the air cylinder (42), the air outlet pipe (27) is connected to the air cylinder (42), and the diameter of the pressure relief pipe (45) is larger than the air outlet pipe (27); the top of the first support plate (35) is rotatably connected to two second fixed pulleys (37), and the elastic force of the second spring (48) is smaller than the elastic force of the first spring (47).

7. A traction device for rapid laying of underground cables according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the support frame (2) is fixedly connected to an L-shaped plate (19), the top of the L-shaped plate (19) is fixedly connected to a hook (20), the top of the L-shaped plate (19) is rotatably connected to a swing rod (21), a tension spring is suspended between one end of the swing rod (21) away from the L-shaped plate (19) and the hook (20), the top of the L-shaped plate (19) is fixedly connected to two limit pins, the end of the swing rod (21) is rotatably connected to a sliding sleeve (23), the side wall of the bearing seat (11) is fixedly connected to a limit rod (22), the limit rod (22) passes through the sliding sleeve (23) and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the sliding sleeve (23).

8. A method for rapid laying of underground cables, characterized in that: The traction device for rapid laying of underground cables applicable to any one of claims 1 to 7 above comprises the following steps: S1: Pulling the airbag sheath (1) in a non-water-filled state toward the underground pipeline by means of a sling until the limiting portion (102) of the airbag sheath (1) contacts the end of the underground pipeline; S2: filling the airbag sheath (1) with water, and at the same time using the airbag sheath (1) to expand to fix the airbag sheath (1) on the underground pipeline until the outer side of the airbag sheath (1) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the underground pipeline, and releasing the connection between the airbag sheath (1) and the sling; S3: Pulling the cable by means of a pulling component so that the cable passes through the airbag sheath (1) until the cable is pulled completely, and disconnecting the connection between the sling and the cable; S4: Pump out the water in the airbag sheath (1) until the airbag sheath (1) shrinks, reconnect the sling to the airbag sheath (1), fix the cable so that the cable cannot move axially, and use the traction component to pull the airbag sheath (1) in the shrunken state out of the underground pipeline.

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