Equiphase broadband radio frequency switch device based on CRLH structure
By using CRLH structure microstrip lines on the branches of broadband RF switching devices, the problem of difficult phase matching of each branch is solved, phase consistency is achieved, and the device miniaturization design is promoted.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411900558.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing broadband RF switching devices encounter difficulties in achieving phase consistency of each branch. Due to structural limitations of traditional microstrip lines, it is difficult to effectively match the phases of each branch.
Using microstrip lines based on CRLH structure, the phase matching of all branches is achieved by setting the microstrip lines of CRLH structure on the branches that require phase matching. The microstrip lines in the CRLH structure have the characteristic of "positive phase" and can be represented as "positive value" compared to the traditional microstrip lines, and there is no need to match the phase through physical delay.
It effectively solves the problem of phase consistency of broadband RF switching devices, realizes the matching of phases of each branch, and compared with extending the microstrip line matching phase, the device can be designed to miniaturize and reduce the device volume.
Smart Images
Figure CN119788048A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, belonging to the technical field of broadband radio frequency switch device structures. Background Art
[0002] Broadband RF switch devices are widely used in the field of RF simulation systems. As the number of channels in the array feed system of RF simulation chambers increases, the number of RF switches required also increases. The phase consistency between multiple channels needs to be ensured, and due to the huge number of RF switches, the consistency of the switch phase has a great impact on the phase consistency between channels.
[0003] The current implementation forms of broadband RF switch devices are basically divided into PIN tube core + microstrip line, PIN chip + microstrip line, FET chip + microstrip line and other forms. Due to the process and design relationship between the tube core and the chip itself, when forming a single-pole multi-throw broadband RF switch device, the output phases of the tube core / chip are not equal. At this time, it is necessary to use microstrip lines to compensate the phases between the various branches of the broadband RF switch. As the length of the traditional microstrip line increases, the phase increases, which is manifested as a "negative value", which is physically manifested as a delay. However, due to the limitations of the structure and shape of the broadband RF switch device, the microstrip line cannot be arbitrarily increased. At this time, the phases between the branches of the broadband RF switch device are often difficult to match particularly consistently. Summary of the invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in matching the phases of various branches existing in the prior art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: The present invention provides an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, comprising: two radio frequency connectors, a common-end microstrip line, a branch switching unit, a first branch microstrip line and a second branch microstrip line; Two ends of the common-end microstrip line are respectively connected to the first RF connector and the branch switching unit; The branch switching unit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the output end of the branch switching unit is connected to the first branch microstrip line or the second branch microstrip line, at least one output end is connected to the second branch microstrip line, and at least one output end is connected to the first branch microstrip line, wherein the output ends connected to the second branch microstrip line have the same output phase, and the output end connected to the first branch microstrip line has a different output phase from the output end connected to the second branch microstrip line; Output ends of the first branch microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are both connected to the second RF connector, and the first branch microstrip line is a CRLH structure microstrip line.
[0006] Furthermore, the branch switching unit includes a PIN die, a PIN chip and a FET chip.
[0007] Furthermore, the equivalent circuit of the CRLH structure microstrip line is: an inductor and a capacitor are connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit, and a capacitor to ground and an inductor are connected in parallel at the output end of the branch switching unit.
[0008] Furthermore, the equivalent circuit of the CRLH structure microstrip line is obtained by adding the equivalent circuit of the left-handed metamaterial microstrip line to the equivalent circuit of the right-handed material microstrip line, the equivalent circuit of the right-handed material microstrip line is a circuit in which an inductor is connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit and a capacitor to ground is connected in parallel, and the equivalent circuit of the left-handed metamaterial microstrip line is a circuit in which a capacitor is connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit and an inductor is connected in parallel.
[0009] Furthermore, the CRLH structure microstrip line is constructed using discrete devices, and the method for constructing the CRLH structure microstrip line includes: firstly connecting an inductor in series and a capacitor to ground in parallel at the output end of the branch switching unit to obtain a right-handed material microstrip line, and connecting a discrete series capacitor and a discrete parallel inductor after the right-handed material microstrip line to obtain the CRLH structure microstrip line.
[0010] Furthermore, the phase outputted from the output end connected to the first branch microstrip line is the phase that needs to be phase matched.
[0011] Furthermore, the phase outputted from the output end connected to the second branch microstrip line is a phase that does not require phase matching.
[0012] Furthermore, the switch form of the branch switching unit is a single-pole multi-throw switch.
[0013] Furthermore, the common-end microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are right-handed material microstrip lines.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: The present invention provides an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, which has a simple structure. It only needs to set a CRLH structure microstrip line on the branch that needs phase matching to achieve phase matching of all branches. Compared with the conventional microstrip line, the CRLH structure microstrip line has a "positive phase" characteristic, that is, the CRLH structure can achieve a "positive value" of the microstrip line phase relative to the traditional microstrip line, and there is no need to blindly match the phases between the various paths of the broadband radio frequency switch device through physical delay, which well solves the problem of phase consistency of the broadband radio frequency switch device. Compared with matching the phase by extending the microstrip line, the device can be miniaturized and the device size can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a dispersion diagram of the CRLH metamaterial provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a phase diagram of the CRLH metamaterial provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a CRLH structure microstrip line provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a CRLH structure microstrip line constructed using discrete devices provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0017] Example 1.
[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, comprising: two radio frequency connectors, a common-end microstrip line, a branch switching unit, a first branch microstrip line, and a second branch microstrip line; Two ends of the common-end microstrip line are respectively connected to the first RF connector and the branch switching unit; The branch switching unit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the output end of the branch switching unit is connected to the first branch microstrip line or the second branch microstrip line, at least one output end is connected to the second branch microstrip line, and at least one output end is connected to the first branch microstrip line, wherein the output ends connected to the second branch microstrip line have the same output phase, and the output end connected to the first branch microstrip line has a different output phase from the output end connected to the second branch microstrip line; Output ends of the first branch microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are both connected to the second RF connector, and the first branch microstrip line is a CRLH structure microstrip line.
[0019] Example 2.
[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, comprising: two radio frequency connectors, a common-end microstrip line, a branch switching unit, a first branch microstrip line, and a second branch microstrip line.
[0021] CRLH, the full English name is Composite Right / Left-Handed, which is translated into Chinese as composite left and right hands.
[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the equal-phase broadband RF switch device is a branch switching unit, which includes a PIN die, a PIN chip and a FET chip. One or several branches use a CRLH structure microstrip line (corresponding to the first branch microstrip line in this embodiment) to perform more flexible phase matching together with a common microstrip line (corresponding to the second branch microstrip line in this embodiment).
[0023] In an equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure provided by the present invention, the signal flow process includes: the signal enters the equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device from the radio frequency connector at the left end, and reaches the PIN tube core / PIN chip / FET chip after passing through a section of microstrip line. This section of microstrip line does not require phase matching and is called a common-end microstrip line; after passing through the PIN tube core / PIN chip / FET chip, the signal can be switched between two or more branches and output by the radio frequency connector at the right end; on the branch, the branch that does not require phase matching uses a conventional microstrip line, and the branch that requires phase matching uses a CRLH structure microstrip line.
[0024] The propagation of electromagnetic waves in traditional microstrip lines follows the right-hand rule of the (E, H, β) vector field, in which E represents the electric field, H represents the magnetic field, and β represents the wave vector (or propagation constant). The direction of the phase velocity is the same as the direction of the group velocity, and the refractive index is a positive number. This material is called a right-handed (RH) material. Similarly, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in left-handed (LH) materials follows the left-hand rule of the (E, H, β) vector field. The direction of the phase velocity is opposite to the direction of the group velocity, and the refractive index is a negative number. Pure left-handed materials do not exist in nature, but can be artificially designed and manufactured, so they are also called metamaterials. Mixing left-handed metamaterials and right-handed materials together is called composite left-handed (CRLH) metamaterials. CRLH metamaterials can behave like LH materials at low frequencies and like RH materials at high frequencies. The dispersion and phase of CRLH metamaterials are respectively as follows: Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.
[0025] The equivalent circuit diagram of the CRLH structure microstrip line is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the right-hand material microstrip line, i.e., the conventional microstrip line, can be equivalent to a circuit with a series inductor and a parallel capacitor to ground, i.e., L R and C R As shown. The CRLH structure microstrip line is a microstrip line made of left-handed material added to a microstrip line made of right-handed material. The microstrip line made of left-handed material can be equivalent to a circuit of series capacitors and parallel inductors, that is, L L and CL As shown, one or more series L R、 C L Parallel C R、 L L The structure constitutes a CRLH structure microstrip line.
[0026] As mentioned above, a CRLH structure microstrip line can be realized by using a combination of different forms of series or parallel capacitors and inductors. There are many forms of capacitors and inductors. They can be realized by using lumped discrete devices or distributed devices formed by the coupling effect of microstrip lines. In broadband RF switching devices, due to the wide bandwidth, the capacitance and inductance formed by distributed devices are too small to meet the broadband requirements. Therefore, CRLH structure microstrip lines built with discrete devices are used in broadband RF switching devices, such as Figure 5 As shown. The left end is a conventional microstrip line (composed of a capacitor and an inductor), which is equivalent to a series inductor L R And the parallel capacitor C R , followed by a discrete series capacitor as C L , add a discrete shunt inductor as L L , which can constitute a unit of the above principle in series L R、 C L Parallel C R、 L L The entire CRLH structure microstrip line is built on a dielectric substrate, a ground conductive layer is provided at the edge, and a conductive through hole is provided on the dielectric substrate at the inductor.
[0027] In a broadband radio frequency switch device, phase matching is often required for one or several branches, and the above-mentioned CRLH structure microstrip line can be used in the branches that need phase matching.
[0028] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on a CRLH structure, characterized in that: include: Two radio frequency connectors, a common-end microstrip line, a branch switching unit, a first branch microstrip line, and a second branch microstrip line; Two ends of the common-end microstrip line are respectively connected to the first RF connector and the branch switching unit; The branch switching unit is provided with a plurality of output ends, the output end of the branch switching unit is connected to the first branch microstrip line or the second branch microstrip line, at least one output end is connected to the second branch microstrip line, and at least one output end is connected to the first branch microstrip line, wherein the output ends connected to the second branch microstrip line have the same output phase, and the output end connected to the first branch microstrip line has a different output phase from the output end connected to the second branch microstrip line; Output ends of the first branch microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are both connected to the second RF connector, and the first branch microstrip line is a CRLH structure microstrip line.
2. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The branch switching unit includes a PIN die, a PIN chip and a FET chip.
3. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The equivalent circuit of the CRLH structure microstrip line is: an inductor and a capacitor are connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit, and a capacitor and an inductor to ground are connected in parallel at the output end of the branch switching unit.
4. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The equivalent circuit of the CRLH structure microstrip line is obtained by adding the equivalent circuit of the left-handed metamaterial microstrip line to the equivalent circuit of the right-handed material microstrip line. The equivalent circuit of the right-handed material microstrip line is a circuit in which an inductor is connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit and a capacitor to ground is connected in parallel. The equivalent circuit of the left-handed metamaterial microstrip line is a circuit in which a capacitor is connected in series at the output end of the branch switching unit and an inductor is connected in parallel.
5. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The CRLH structure microstrip line is constructed using discrete devices. The method for constructing the CRLH structure microstrip line includes: firstly connecting an inductor in series and a capacitor to ground in parallel at the output end of a branch switching unit to obtain a right-hand material microstrip line, and then connecting a discrete series capacitor and a discrete parallel inductor after the right-hand material microstrip line to obtain the CRLH structure microstrip line.
6. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase outputted from the output end connected to the first branch microstrip line is the phase that needs to be phase matched.
7. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase outputted from the output end connected to the second branch microstrip line is a phase that does not require phase matching.
8. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch form of the branch switching unit is a single-pole multi-throw switch.
9. The equal-phase broadband radio frequency switch device based on the CRLH structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The common-end microstrip line and the second branch microstrip line are right-handed material microstrip lines.