Edible mushroom cultivation system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an edible mushroom cultivation system and method. The invention provides the edible mushroom cultivation system. An edible mushroom cultivation system is characterized by comprising an image acquisition module, a control unit and a spore detection module. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring image data of a mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module is used for qualitatively and / or quantitatively collecting spore data of a mushroom cultivation area. The control unit is in communication connection with the image acquisition module and the spore detection module. According to the technical scheme, the growth state of miscellaneous mushrooms, fungal infection and the number of pest groups are accurately measured through image collection and spore discharge amount collection, and targeted treatment measures are taken according to the measurement result. By means of the scientific method, the number of pests and the discharge amount of spores related to fungi and miscellaneous mushrooms can be more effectively controlled, pollution to the mushroom growth environment is reduced, and the yield and quality of edible mushrooms are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fungus cultivation, and in particular to an edible fungus cultivation system and method. Background Art

[0002] Edible fungi are a kind of large fungi. Studies have shown that light not only affects the growth of edible fungi mycelium, but also affects the yield and quality of edible fungi. However, different varieties of edible fungi react differently to visible light of different wavelengths. Therefore, in the industrial production of edible fungi, timely supplementary light to edible fungi according to the growth of edible fungi is an important guarantee for improving the yield and quality of edible fungi. In the process of breeding edible fungi, pests and diseases have a great impact on the yield and quality of edible fungi. According to statistics, there are more than 90 common pests of edible fungi and nearly 30 kinds of mites. The annual reduction in edible fungi production caused by pests is about 25%. Pesticides are used to control pests, but it is easy to overuse, which poses a threat to food safety and the environment. There are three main ways to prevent and control edible fungi pests: physical, chemical, and biological. In order to ensure the safety of edible fungi, chemical control methods are not convenient to promote vigorously, and physical and biological control methods are used as much as possible.

[0003] In the prior art, a cultivation method of red pine mushroom is proposed in the patent document CN113099946A. The cultivation method of red pine mushroom includes the following steps: S1 mushroom house construction; S2 land preparation; half a month before sowing, the ground, walls and surrounding environment in the facility are sterilized and disinfected; S3 culture medium treatment: prepare the culture medium, then build a pile for fermentation, and the fermentation temperature is 23-28°C; S4 spread the material and sow the fungus; S5 cover the soil and shade: after sowing the fungus, start covering the soil, and use granular humus soil as the covering material; S6 culture the fungus: after 15-20 days, wait for the mycelium to climb onto the soil surface, and carry out topdressing and spraying insect repellents for pest control as needed; S7 mushroom management: wait for a large number of white fruiting body primordia to appear, keep the temperature at 16-23°C, and the water content of the culture medium reaches 65-70%; S8 harvest.

[0004] In the prior art, a method for off-season cultivation of Stropharia off-seasona in forests is proposed in patent document CN112715272A, which comprises the following steps: 1) selecting an idle forest land as a cultivation plot; 2) cleaning the plot, sterilizing and killing insects, and loosening the soil to make a mushroom bed, the width of the mushroom bed is 50-70 cm, and the width of the aisle is 40-60 cm; 3) after spreading a layer of lime powder on the mushroom bed, sowing in the form of 3 layers of material and 2 layers of spawn, and finally covering with 3 cm to 4 cm of soil; 4) during the spawning stage, The temperature of the mushroom bed is controlled at 18-25°C; when the covering soil layer is full of mycelium and the mycelium bundles are twisted and thickened, water is sprayed to promote mushrooming, and the temperature of the mushroom bed is controlled at 15-20°C; during the 5-8 days from the differentiation of the primordium of the Stropharia to the maturity of the fruiting body, the temperature of the mushroom bed is maintained at 14-25°C by spraying, the relative humidity of the mushroom bed is 65-75%, and the relative humidity of the air is 90-95%; 5) When a layer of fungus film outside the cap is just broken, the cap is rolled inward and does not open, and the cap is bell-shaped, it is the suitable period for harvesting.

[0005] The above existing technologies all adopt the method of prevention as the main method to prevent pests, and respectively adopt disinfection and disinfecting treatment when building mushroom houses and mushroom beds to prevent pests. However, the cost of building mushroom houses for existing mushroom farmers is relatively high, so the mushroom houses are used for a long time after construction, and most of them are old mushroom houses. Therefore, the continuous and long-term use of the mushroom seed factory and mushroom houses leads to changes in the surrounding environment, hiding a large base of pests and diseases, and the harm is getting worse year by year. Disinfection and disinfecting can only be carried out before breeding for prevention, and the pest population in the mushroom house cannot change to a large extent. The above pest control technology is easy to get out of control when the pests are more serious in autumn, which leads to a significant reduction in mushroom production.

[0006] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the inventor studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0007] The existing edible mushroom light sources are relatively single, and the use of supplementary lights relies on the subjective judgment of mushroom farmers to determine the growth stage of mushrooms and perform corresponding supplementary lighting. This method is not only inefficient, but may also lead to poor growth of mushrooms due to human errors. The technical solution involved in this application aims to solve the effects of competitive growth of mixed mushrooms, fungal infections and insect pests on mushroom growth during mushroom cultivation. In view of the growth characteristics of edible fungi, this application focuses on distinguishing the differences in the requirements for light bands and light intensity between the mycelium stage and the fruiting body stage.

[0008] In addition, existing methods of controlling edible mushroom pests, such as electric grids, insect traps and chemical sprays, are not ideal. Although electric grids can kill pests, they fail to effectively collect the dead bodies of pests, which leads to contamination of mushrooms and may cause mushrooms to mold in the long run. When the pest is serious, the killing function of the electric grid is limited and cannot completely disinfect the pests. It is also impossible to accurately determine the number of pest groups, and the control measures rely on the experience and trial and error of mushroom farmers, which not only easily delays the timing of control, but may also lead to inaccurate control measures.

[0009] Therefore, the technical solution involved in this application proposes to accurately measure the growth status of miscellaneous mushrooms, fungal infection and the number of pest populations through image acquisition and spore discharge collection, and take targeted control measures based on the measurement results. Through scientific methods, the number of pests and the spore discharge related to fungi and miscellaneous mushrooms can be more effectively controlled, the pollution to the mushroom growth environment can be reduced, and the yield and quality of edible fungi can be improved. At the same time, through precise control of light bands and light intensity, we can provide more suitable growth conditions for edible fungi, promote their healthy growth, and thus improve the overall cultivation efficiency and economic benefits.

[0010] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application proposes an edible mushroom cultivation system, including an image acquisition module, a control unit and a spore detection module. The image acquisition module is used to collect image data of the mushroom cultivation area. The spore detection module is used to qualitatively and / or quantitatively collect spore data of the mushroom cultivation area. The control unit is communicatively connected with the image acquisition module and the spore detection module.

[0011] like Figure 1 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module qualitatively collects fungal spores or mixed mushroom spores, the control unit is configured as follows:

[0012] Based on the mushroom images collected by the image acquisition module, the images of foreign organisms distributed in the mushroom cultivation area, and the quantitative collection of mushroom spores and / or fungal spores by the spore detection module, an instruction for the control system to enter the protection mode is generated, wherein:

[0013] When no abnormality occurs in the image, the detection frequency of the spore detection module for quantitatively collecting mushroom spores and / or fungal spores is increased.

[0014] In the existing mushroom cultivation process, mushrooms are subject to different pests at different stages. For example, the larvae of mushroom mosquitoes and mushroom flies feed on mycelium, while springtails feed on both mycelium and mushroom bodies. Different pesticides can be sprayed on mushrooms at different stages. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the growth stage of mushrooms and the species of pests they suffer.

[0015] The image acquisition module also includes a first data acquisition unit and a second data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit is used to collect image data of the mushroom breeding area; the second data acquisition unit is used to collect image data of pests and population density data of pests; the control unit can determine the type information and growth stage information of mushrooms in the mushroom breeding area based on the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the first data acquisition unit, and determine the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit. When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit exceeds the first threshold, the control unit matches the type information of mushrooms that can be damaged by the determined species of pests with the type information of mushrooms collected by the first data acquisition unit. The control unit turns on the protection mode when the match is successful. When the match fails, the first data acquisition unit and the second data acquisition unit are triggered to collect data again, and the information of the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by the pests of the species collected again is matched with the type information of mushrooms collected again. When the second match is successful, the control unit turns on the protection mode. When the second match fails, the control unit turns on the first warning. The protection modes include: the first protection mode, the second protection mode, and the third protection mode.

[0016] Preferably, the control unit can preset a mushroom sample database, and when taking image data, it can more accurately judge the type of mushroom and the growth stage of the mushroom by comparing the mushroom features such as shape, color, height, size, etc. Preferably, the second data acquisition unit collects image data of pests, and the image data may include: size, color, shape, features, and further determine whether the judged species of the pest is accurate based on the type of mushrooms cultivated and the growth stage of the mushrooms.

[0017] Different from the prior art, the control unit of the present invention can adjust different protection modes or early warning modes according to different matching states between the information on the type and growth stage of the mushrooms in the mushroom breeding area determined by the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the first data acquisition unit and the information on the species of the pests determined by the image data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit. Based on this, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to accurately identify the species of pests and determine the type and growth stage of mushrooms, how to start pest control work more specifically for pests, and use agents that are less harmful to the mycelium stage or fruiting body stage according to the type and growth stage of the mushrooms to reduce the damage to the quality of the mushrooms caused by the pest control work.

[0018] The pest control systems in the prior art are mostly used to kill pests of a certain size, such as mushroom mosquitoes, but in the breeding process, mushrooms can be infected by a variety of molds, which can easily cause regional spread and thus cause a substantial reduction in production. If not controlled in time, the mold spores are small in size and therefore hidden and difficult to detect. Once they multiply in large numbers in the mushroom house, they are difficult to eradicate. Therefore, control is required in the early stages of mushroom infection with molds.

[0019] Preferably, the control unit can determine that the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the second data acquisition unit is abnormal if it is higher than the critical value. The image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the second data acquisition unit is normal if it is lower than the critical value. The control unit starts the second warning when the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the first data acquisition unit is abnormal and the population density data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit is lower than the first threshold. The image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on the preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time of the cultivation area. When the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is determined to be abnormal and the population density data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit is lower than the first threshold, it indicates that the color, shape, height, volume, etc. of the mushrooms are abnormal and may be damaged other than insect pests. Since the mushrooms infected with mold will present a specific color, the damage detected based on this may be caused by mold and needs to be treated in time, so the second warning is started to prompt the mushroom grower to treat the mushrooms. Since the infection of mold is not easy to detect in the early stage, the detection of the color, shape, height, and volume of the mushrooms can reflect the health status of the mushrooms, and then timely treatment.

[0020] Preferably, when the pest population density data collected by the second data collection unit exceeds a first threshold, the control unit turns on the first protection mode, and the control unit adjusts the light band of the first light-emitting unit to a band range that can attract pests of the species based on the species information of the pests.

[0021] The prior art has already presented a technical solution for gathering, attracting and killing pests by means of lighting equipment. For example, the patent document with publication number CN115597021A discloses a cattle shed lighting equipment for cattle breeding, which can regularly capture and kill mosquitoes gathered around the lighting lamp, thereby preventing mosquitoes from gathering around the lighting lamp and affecting the lighting effect. However, the lighting device in the technical solution is only set to a single parameter lighting condition, and cannot provide different lighting parameters according to different growth states of crops. Different from the prior art, the control unit of the present invention can adjust the corresponding protection mode according to the pest population density data information collected by the second data acquisition unit, and adjust the lighting parameters of different light-emitting units according to the species information of the pests. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to adjust the light parameters of the light-emitting unit according to the different growth state information of mushrooms, so as to attract pests of the species that can affect the mushrooms corresponding to the growth stage while ensuring the normal growth state of the mushrooms, thereby preventing the pests of the species from endangering the normal growth state of the mushrooms. Because the mycelium of common edible mushrooms grows during the dark environment. At the mushroom stage, except for Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus bisporus, which can grow normally in a lightless environment, the other cultivated species all require a certain amount of scattered light. The existing light distribution system needs to be manually controlled. Preferably, the present invention also includes a second light-emitting unit. When the second protection mode is not turned on, the control unit can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit based on the growth stage information of the mushrooms so that the second light-emitting unit can emit light that promotes the growth stage of the mushrooms. The light parameters include one or more of spectrum, light intensity, and flickering frequency.

[0022] In the prior art, mushroom farmers use different pest control methods depending on the number of pests, mainly physical control and supplemented by chemical control. However, since the population size of pests requires a long period of experience accumulation to be accurately determined, how to accurately determine the number of pests in order to take targeted pest control measures is an urgent problem to be solved. Therefore, the present invention accurately determines the species and population size of pests through image analysis.

[0023] Preferably, when the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit exceeds the second threshold, the control unit turns on the second protection mode. In the second protection mode, under the condition that the first protection mode is turned on, the control unit adjusts the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit based on the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species information of the pests to drive away the pests while promoting the growth of the mushrooms, and the second light-emitting unit flashes at a specific frequency based on the control of the control unit. When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit exceeds the second threshold, it means that the population density of the pests has reached a medium level and enhanced pest control measures need to be taken. Therefore, while combining pest disinfecting with attracting insects, the second light-emitting unit with a larger irradiation range is lit to emit a stroboscopic light to drive away the pests, so that the pests that are not affected by the stroboscopic light can still be attracted by the insect attracting lamp when approaching, so as to achieve a pest control effect that combines near and far, and the pest population density is controlled within a range below the second threshold in combination with the spatial distribution of the pests.

[0024] Preferably, the second light-emitting unit is composed of at least several types of lamp beads mixed and arranged, and at least red, blue and yellow lamp beads are configured according to the spectrum acceptance range for pests and plants, wherein red and blue have a regulating effect on the growth characteristics of mushrooms, that is, they can meet the growth of mushrooms, especially red light, which can regulate the bacterial biomass. Yellow light, as a monochromatic light simulating sunlight, mainly has an attraction or repulsion effect on pests. When the yellow light flashes at a higher frequency, some nocturnal pests will think that the environment is still in a bright daytime and significantly reduce the activity frequency. When it flashes at a lower frequency, some pests that are not dispelled by the specific light spectrum and frequency can be attracted by the light based on phototropism and thus be eliminated by the insect catching and killing structure in the device. In terms of quantity configuration, the number of signal lights used to regulate the growth of mushrooms is relatively greater than that used to catch insects. Basically, the number ratio is 2:1, preferably, the number ratio is 4:1, and preferably, the number ratio is 5:1. For example, in a preferred example, a group of lamp bead units consists of 6 lamp beads. The lamp bead in the middle is a yellow lamp bead, and surrounding the yellow lamp bead are 3 red lamp beads and 2 blue lamp beads, so that a group of lamp bead units, its adjustable light configuration can adapt to the irradiation of the entire plant range, and its pest control related light can attract or drive the corresponding pests in the way of being in the center of the insect catching and killing structure, so that the effect of the related insect catching and killing structure can be brought into play to the best. Preferably, in combination with the above control unit and the corresponding detection information, the above embodiment also has the following control working modes:

[0025] When the control unit detects that the pest population density data exceeds the second threshold, the current pest species is further obtained through image analysis. When the current pest species is a type that can be repelled by insect repellent-related lamp beads, the control unit controls the insect repellent-related lamp beads to emit light at a flashing frequency consistent with repelling the current pest species, thereby causing the corresponding pests to be repelled.

[0026] In the case that the current pest species is of a type that cannot be driven away by the insect repellent related lamp beads, the control power source controls the insect repellent related lamp beads to emit light at a flashing frequency that is consistent with attracting the current pest species, and at the same time, the control unit turns on the insect catching and killing component, so that the corresponding pests are attracted to the position of the supplementary insect killing component close to the light component and are eliminated. At the same time, the control unit controls the mushroom growth related control lamp beads to emit control signal light to the mushrooms in a manner associated with the current pest damage mode detected, so that the mushrooms can grow in a manner to resist or restore the current pest damage under the influence of the control signal light. There are many different ways of pest damage in some types. For example, harmful mites bite off the hyphae and prevent them from germinating, and springtails attach to the cap and mycorrhiza to eat the flesh of the mushroom. Therefore, this solution makes full use of the advantage of detecting the pest species in advance, and automatically adjusts the working mode of the growth control light according to the damage method of each pest. For example, the type and quantity of lamp beads are used to obtain light with different spectral ranges, different frequencies, and different brightness, so as to correspondingly adjust the mushrooms to compensate for the missing parts or secrete antagonistic substances, so as to minimize the impact of pests on the mushrooms.

[0027] Through the above scheme, it is possible to automatically provide the best growth environment for mushrooms according to the current pests and implement countermeasures against pests from multiple angles. It also pays attention to the mutual constraints / coordination between pests and the light and environment of mushroom growth. Based on the pre-configured database, the optimal light control solution path is automatically configured, which can effectively adapt to the modern plant factory cultivation mode of mushrooms.

[0028] In actual pest control, the mushroom house is older and the pests will be more serious than those in new mushroom houses. Therefore, physical pest control methods cannot control the growth of pest populations. Therefore, mushroom farmers will spray chemical pest control agents according to the situation. However, due to the lag in empirical observation, pest control methods will not be adopted until the pests have caused a certain impact, such as the population is obviously dense or the mushrooms are being eaten. When controlling the pests, it is also necessary to determine the species of pests suffered by the mushrooms so that targeted medication can be administered. Therefore, it is particularly important to determine the species of pests and the timing of taking chemical pest control methods.

[0029] Preferably, when the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit exceeds the third threshold, the control unit turns on the third protection mode. Under the condition of turning on the second protection mode, the third protection mode sprays the pest-disinfecting agent corresponding to the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species of the pests into the environment based on the species of the pests and the growth stage of the mushrooms. When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit exceeds the third threshold, it means that the pests are more serious at this time. The population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit is more real-time than the existing empirical judgment. When the pests cause an impact, a combination of physical and chemical disinfecting methods is adopted to control the density of the insect population. Compared with the existing empirical judgment, it can prevent the loss of mushrooms caused by the lag of pest judgment, and also avoid the spread of mushroom diseases caused by the contact between pests and mushrooms, so that the entire breeding site has more biological stability.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit is configured to attract pests through insect-attracting lights and kill the pests through an electric net so that the pests fall into the first light-emitting unit.

[0031] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit is arranged on the top of the mushroom cultivation rack, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack includes at least one layer of net bags for placing the cultivated mushrooms.

[0032] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit is data-connected to the medicine box to control the medicine box to spray the medicine into the environment. The medicine box is configured to separate a plurality of different medicines by a plurality of partitions.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment, the breeding rack is provided with at least one layer of electric grid, which is connected to the net bag at the same layer and is opened by the control unit to kill the pests around the net bag.

[0034] According to a preferred embodiment, the net bag is equipped with a mushroom protection cover, and the control unit is configured to close the mushroom protection cover when the power grid is turned on to prevent the pests killed by the power grid from falling into the net bag. Ventilation holes are provided on the cover edge of the mushroom protection cover to increase the airflow exchange area of ​​the mushrooms when covering the net bag. Since the insect bodies of the pests are lighter and closer to the mushrooms when they are killed by the power grid, they are easy to fall into the mushroom breeding area and spread diseases after being killed by the power grid, and over time, the rotting of the insect bodies will also cause the mushrooms to mold, seriously endangering the quality of the mushrooms. The addition of a protective cover can prevent the insect bodies from contaminating the mushrooms, and the vents on the cover edge of the protective cover can also ensure the ventilation of the mushrooms, ensuring the safety of the mushrooms during disinfection.

[0035] Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a lighting method suitable for fungus cultivation.

[0036] Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a method for cultivating edible mushrooms, the method comprising: collecting image data of mushroom cultivation areas; collecting image data of pests and population density data of pests; determining the type information and growth stage information of mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation areas based on the image data of the mushroom cultivation areas, and determining the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests. When the population density data of the pests exceeds a first threshold, matching the type information of mushrooms that can be damaged by the determined species of pests with the type information of mushrooms; starting a protection mode when the matching is successful; triggering data collection again when the matching fails, and matching the type information of mushrooms that can be damaged by the re-collected species of pests with the re-collected species of mushrooms; starting the protection mode when the second matching is successful; starting a first warning when the second matching fails; wherein the protection modes include: a first protection mode, a second protection mode, and a third protection mode.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the method further includes: when the population density data of pests collected by the second data collection unit is lower than a first threshold value, the image data of the mushroom breeding area above the critical value is judged as abnormal; the image data of the mushroom breeding area below the critical value is judged as normal; when the image data of the mushroom breeding area is abnormal and the population density data of pests is lower than the first threshold value, a second warning is activated; wherein the image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time of the breeding area.

[0038] The critical value, the first threshold, the second threshold and the third threshold are key data points for judging and triggering different operating conditions. It should be noted that in this application, these key judgment criteria can be set differently based on different usage situations. The critical value can be based on the normal range of parameters such as the color, shape, height and volume of the mushroom. The data source is usually based on the statistical analysis of a large amount of mushroom growth data, combined with professional knowledge and experience, and may refer to scientific research, production history data or expert advice to form a database for comparative analysis. The first threshold is used to judge the population density of pests. Below this value, it can be considered that the impact of pests on mushrooms is within a controllable range. The data source of the first threshold may include historical pest outbreak data, empirical observations and academic research suggestions, and can even be set by analyzing historical data through machine learning models. The second threshold is used to trigger enhanced protective measures, such as turning on the second protection mode. When the density of pests exceeds this threshold, it indicates that the pest situation is more serious and more active prevention and control measures need to be taken. When setting this value, it is necessary to consider the direct impact on mushroom growth and the difficulty of pest control. The data can also come from past production records, experimental data or expert advice. The third threshold is used to decide whether it is necessary to combine chemical means for pest control, that is, to start the third protection mode. This value is usually set at a level where pests have posed a significant threat to mushrooms. Reference points may include historical large-scale pest events, lessons learned from severe damage, and existing best practices. For example: For high-value mushrooms such as boletus that require fine cultivation, the critical values ​​can be color critical values ​​(the inactivated area of ​​​​boletus is prone to oxidation) and volume critical values ​​(boletus is prone to parasitic pests and diseases). The color of normal boletus should be light brown to dark brown during growth. Through image analysis, a color deviation range is set, such as a chromaticity change of ±10%. If it exceeds this range, it is considered abnormal. Mushroom flies are one of the most common pests in the cultivation of boletus. For the density monitoring of mushroom flies, the first threshold can be 1 to 5 / cm 3 ; The second threshold can be 10 / cm 3 ; The third threshold can be 15 / cm 3 . BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of hardware data transmission relationship of an edible fungus cultivation system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a simplified structural schematic diagram of a first light-emitting unit of an edible fungus cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a simplified overall structural schematic diagram of an edible fungus cultivation system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic flow chart of a lighting method suitable for fungus cultivation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 is an exemplary diagram of the relative position relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 is a second exemplary diagram of the relative positional relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 is a third exemplary diagram of the relative positional relationship between the spore filtering module and the spore detection module of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the process of monitoring the competitive growth of mixed mushrooms and fungal infection of the present invention.

[0047] Reference numerals list

[0048] 10: first light-emitting unit; 20: LED light source; 30: power grid; 40: medicine-giving box; 50: first net bag; 60: mushroom protection cover; 70: second net bag; 80: third net bag; 90: second light-emitting unit; 100: fourth net bag; 200: image acquisition module; 210: first data acquisition unit; 220: second data acquisition unit; 300: spore detection module; 310: photoelectric sensor; 320: electronic system; 330: data processing system; 400: control unit; 500: spore filtering module; 510: first air flow channel; 520: second air flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Mushroom spores: spores produced by non-target cultivated fungi in edible mushroom cultivation or natural environment. These spores may come from wild or undesirable fungi. When they exist in the edible mushroom cultivation environment, they may interfere with the growth of target mushrooms or form competitive growth with target mushrooms, and even cause pollution and yield reduction.

[0051] Heterogeneous biological images: images from different biological sources or different species. In the present application, other miscellaneous mushrooms other than the target cultivated fungi in the mushroom images collected by the image acquisition module 200 are heterogeneous biological images.

[0052] Spore emission: the number of spores released into the environment by fungi or other spore-producing biological units within a certain period of time. In the present application, cultured mushrooms, assorted mushrooms, and fungi that may infect mushrooms are all spore-producing biological units. The spore emission of the edible fungus breeding area detected can be the total spore concentration. The spore emission of the edible fungus breeding area can also be detected as the spore concentration of a specific variety of cultured mushrooms, assorted mushrooms, or fungi that may infect mushrooms. The unit of the real-time spore concentration can be a / cm 3 .

[0053] Different spores have their own unique diffraction-polarization fingerprint characteristics. The spore detection module 300 can use the diffraction polarization image fingerprint characteristics and machine learning to identify the diffraction-polarization fingerprint characteristics of different spores in real time, thereby achieving qualitative detection of spores. The spore detection module 300 can identify the biological morphology of different spores in real time based on the biological morphology of spores stored in the database, thereby achieving qualitative detection of spores.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system based on a spore detection module 300 and an image acquisition module 200. This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting mushroom diseases. This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting competitive growth of mixed mushrooms.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, the spore detection module 300 is arranged in the edible fungus breeding area or in the gas flow path of the edible fungus breeding area. The spore detection module 300 is set as a device for collecting spores in the air in the edible fungus breeding area in a quantitative and / or qualitative manner by air circulation. The device is also provided with a photoelectric sensor 310. The spore image is amplified and projected onto the photoelectric sensor 310. The photoelectric sensor 310 converts the received light signal into an electrical signal, and the electronic system 320 amplifies, filters and digitally processes it. The data processed by the electronic system 320 is transmitted to the data processing system 330, and the data is further analyzed and processed by the built-in software algorithm to obtain parameters such as the type, quantity, and concentration of the spores.

[0057] The system is also provided with a spore filter module 500. The spore filter module 500 includes a spore filter assembly. The spore filter module 500 also includes a fan for sucking gas. The spore filter module 500 also includes a first air channel 510 for sucking air in the edible fungus breeding area and a second air channel 520 for releasing the filtered air. The gas sucked by the first air channel 510 is filtered by the spore filter assembly and discharged through the second air channel 520. Preferably, the spore filter assembly can be a filter mesh with a mesh aperture of 1 to 20 μm. For example: the first air channel 510 is designed as an inlet, which is located at the front end or side of the spore filter module 500. The inlet is directly facing the edible fungus breeding area to effectively collect the air in the area. After the air enters through the first air channel 510, it will flow through the spore filter assembly. At this time, the filter grid will intercept spores and particulate matter in the air. The filtered air is then discharged through the second air channel 520. The second air channel 520 is usually designed as an outlet, located at the other side or top of the spore filtering module 500, responsible for releasing the filtered clean air back into the environment, or directing it to a specific exhaust area (for example, back to the edible fungus cultivation area).

[0058] like Figure 5 As shown, the spore filtering module 500 is arranged outside the edible fungus breeding area, and a gas flow pipeline is arranged in the first air channel 510 and the second air channel 520. The first air channel 510 and the second air channel 520 are connected to the edible fungus breeding area and the spore filtering module 500 at both ends. The spore detection module 300 is arranged on the path before the gas enters the spore filtering assembly.

[0059] like Figure 6 , 7 As shown, the spore filtering module 500 can be arranged in the edible fungus breeding area. The spore detection module 300 can be arranged on the path before the gas of the spore filtering module 500 enters the spore filtering assembly. In addition, the spore detection module 300 can be arranged in the edible fungus breeding area and outside the spore filtering module 500.

[0060] like Figure 8 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module 300 qualitatively collects the spores of the mixed mushrooms, the spore detection module 300 is activated under the control of the instruction sent by the control unit 400, and quantitatively collects the concentration data of the mushroom spores. The data includes the concentration of the mixed mushroom spores and / or the concentration of the cultured mushroom spores.

[0061] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of mixed mushroom spores discharged is greater than a preset threshold or the ratio of mixed mushroom spores to cultured mushroom spores discharged is higher than a preset threshold, the image acquisition module 200 is turned on to obtain the mixed mushroom coverage rate.

[0062] like Figure 8As shown, when the amount of mixed mushroom spores discharged is greater than a preset threshold or the ratio of mixed mushroom spores to cultured mushroom spores is higher than a preset threshold, and the mixed mushroom coverage rate captured by the image acquisition module 200 is higher than a preset threshold, the control unit 400 generates an early warning message to prompt the person in charge to deal with the mixed mushrooms.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms is less than a preset threshold or the ratio of the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms to the amount of spores discharged from the cultivated mushrooms is lower than a preset threshold, based on the ratio of the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms to the amount of spores discharged from the cultivated mushrooms, the control unit 400 generates an instruction of a control program for adjusting the gas flow rate of the spore filtering module 500. The amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms is directly proportional to the gas flow rate, that is, the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms increases, the operating frequency of the spore detection module 300 increases, and the gas flow rate for collecting spores in the spore detection module 300 increases, as shown in the following formula (1).

[0064] (1)

[0066] Where V0 represents the gas flow rate before adjustment; V represents the gas flow rate after adjustment; V max Indicates the maximum gas flow rate that the equipment can achieve; V min Indicates the minimum gas flow rate that the equipment can achieve; C z Indicates the amount of spores discharged from mixed mushrooms, in units of pieces / m 3 ; C min Indicates the lowest acceptable concentration of mushroom spores; T z Indicates the preset threshold of the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms, in units of pieces / m 3 .

[0067] Through the dynamic monitoring of the spore detection module 300, the system can grasp the concentration changes of the spores of the mixed mushrooms in real time. When it is detected that the discharge amount of the mixed mushroom spores or the ratio of the cultivated edible mushroom spores is higher than the preset threshold, the system will automatically increase the gas flow rate in the air flow channel. This mechanism accelerates the collection and filtration of mixed mushroom spores by improving air flow, effectively reducing their accumulation in the environment, and reducing the risk of contamination to the cultivated mushrooms.

[0068] H(C)=-plog(p)-(1-p)log(1-p)…(2)

[0069] in, C z Indicates the amount of spores discharged from mixed mushrooms, in units of pieces / m 3 ; T z Indicates the preset threshold of the amount of spores discharged from the mixed mushrooms, in units of pieces / m 3 Based on formula (2), the entropy value of the spore discharge of mixed mushrooms was standardized between 0 and 1.

[0070] The adjustment formula of the detection frequency K (times / day) is shown in formula (3):

[0071] K=K0×(1+α×H(C))…(3)

[0072] Among them, K0 represents the detection frequency before adjustment, and the unit is times / day; α represents the entropy adjustment factor α of the adjustment entropy to the number of detection times.

[0073] As the gas flow rate increases, the operating frequency of the spore detection module 300 is adjusted synchronously. This adjustment improves the detection efficiency, enables the system to collect air samples more frequently, and ensures real-time monitoring and rapid response capabilities for spore discharge. Based on the high-frequency feedback of the detection data, the system can quickly adjust the environmental parameters when the factors affecting the growth of edible fungi are close to the red line (i.e., close to the threshold requiring manual intervention), provide the best growth conditions for the cultivated mushrooms, thereby ensuring their healthy growth and increasing yields.

[0074] At the same time, when the amount of spores discharged from the mushrooms drops to a safe level, the system will reduce the gas flow rate and detection frequency accordingly, thereby reducing energy consumption and maintaining a stable breeding environment. This intelligent management not only improves production efficiency, but also optimizes resource use and ensures the quality of cultivated mushrooms.

[0075] Since different species may have different sensitivities to environmental changes or spore discharge, the entropy adjustment factor α can be adjusted according to the characteristics of different mushroom species. Table 1 is an example table that contains some common mushroom species and their corresponding entropy adjustment factor α values.

[0076] Table 1

[0077] Mushroom varieties Entropy adjustment factor (α) mushroom 0.4 Oyster mushroom 0.3 Flammulina velutipes 0.5 Oyster Mushroom 0.6 King Oyster Mushroom 0.35 straw mushroom 0.45 Hericium erinaceus 0.5 Lingzhi 0.6 Morels 0.55 Coprinus comatus 0.4

[0078] like Figure 8 As shown, when the passively activated spore detection module 300 qualitatively collects fungal spores, the image acquisition module 200 is activated under the control of the instruction sent by the control unit 400, and collects mushroom images to confirm the distribution density of the first feature related to the lesions / ulcers on the mushroom surface. When the distribution density of the first feature exceeds the preset threshold, the spore detection module 300 is activated to quantitatively collect the concentration data of the fungal spores.

[0079] like Figure 8 As shown, when the amount of fungal spores discharged is greater than a preset threshold and the distribution density of the first feature collected by the image acquisition module 200 is higher than the preset threshold, the control unit 400 generates an early warning message to prompt the person in charge to deal with the fungi.

[0080] The source of the preset thresholds of spore concentration and coverage of mixed mushrooms in this application can be historical data accumulation or literature research. Through laboratory and field experiments, the concentration information of mixed mushroom spores and cultured mushroom spores under different conditions is collected to evaluate the impact of different spore concentrations and ratios on the health status of mushrooms and the degree of impact on mixed mushrooms. Further, by collecting and analyzing previous planting records, especially the yield and quality data at different spore levels and mixed mushroom coverage, the spore concentration threshold that has a significant impact on yield or quality is determined. The data source can also be public literature or expert advice, for example: "CULTIVODE COGUMELOS COMESTIVEISDO GENERO Pleurotus spp EM RESIDUOSAGROINDUSTRIAIS. ALEX SALVANY FEL." records a fungus that produces a large number of spores 2 to 4 days before hatching and forms a growth competition with cultured edible fungi.

[0081] Example 2

[0082] This embodiment provides a mushroom cultivation system for detecting mushroom pests.

[0083] like Figures 2-3 As shown, the lighting system of the present invention includes a first data acquisition unit 210, a second data acquisition unit 220 and a control unit 400. The first data acquisition unit 210 is used to collect image data of the mushroom breeding area; the second data acquisition unit 220 is used to collect image data of pests and population density data of pests; the control unit 400 can determine the type information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom breeding area based on the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the first data acquisition unit 210, and determine the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220. When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit 220 exceeds the first threshold, the control unit 400 matches the information on the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by the determined species of pests with the information on the types of mushrooms collected by the first data collection unit 210. The control unit 400 starts the protection mode when the match is successful, and triggers the first data collection unit 210 and the second data collection unit 220 to collect data again when the match fails, and matches the information on the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by the determined species of pests with the information on the types of mushrooms collected again. When the second match is successful, the control unit 400 starts the protection mode, and when the second match fails, the control unit 400 starts the first warning. The protection modes include: a first protection mode, a second protection mode, and a third protection mode.

[0084] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 400 can determine that the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 is abnormal if it is higher than a critical value, and determine that the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 is normal if it is lower than a critical value. The control unit 400 starts a second warning when the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the first data acquisition unit 210 is abnormal and the population density data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 is lower than a first threshold. The image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time in the breeding area.

[0085] According to a preferred embodiment, when the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit 220 exceeds the first threshold, the control unit 400 turns on the first protection mode, and the control unit 400 adjusts the light band of the first light-emitting unit 10 to a band range that can attract the pests of the species based on the species information of the pests. Preferably, the first threshold can be 2 per square centimeter. The first protection mode is to turn on the first light-emitting unit 10, and the first light-emitting unit 10 is equipped with an LED light source 20. The control unit 400 is configured to adjust the band range of the first light-emitting unit 10 based on the species of the pests, and the band range of the first light-emitting unit 10 can attract the pests of the species. Preferably, the control unit 400 can preset a mushroom sample database, and when taking image data, it can compare mushroom features such as shape, color, height, size, etc., so as to more accurately judge the type of mushrooms and the growth stage of the mushrooms. Preferably, the second data acquisition unit 220 acquires image data of the pests, which may include size, color, shape, feature comparison, and further determines whether the determined species of the pests is accurate based on the type of mushrooms being cultivated and the growth stage of the mushrooms.

[0086] According to a preferred embodiment, a second light-emitting unit 90 is further included. When the second protection mode is not turned on, the control unit 400 can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit 90 based on the growth stage information of the mushrooms so that the second light-emitting unit 90 can emit light that promotes the growth stage of the mushrooms. The light parameters include one or more of spectrum, light intensity, and flickering frequency. When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit 220 exceeds the second threshold, the control unit 400 turns on the second protection mode. Under the condition that the first protection mode is turned on, the control unit 400 adjusts the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit 90 based on the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species information of the pests to drive away the pests while promoting the growth of the mushrooms. The second light-emitting unit 90 flickers at a specific frequency based on the control of the control unit 400. Preferably, the second threshold can be 4 per square centimeter, and the control unit 400 turns on the second protection mode. The second protection mode turns on the second light-emitting unit 90 at the same time when the first protection mode is turned on. The second light-emitting unit 90 is configured to emit a flashing light based on the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species of the pests to drive away the pests while promoting the growth of the mushrooms. Preferably, the second light-emitting unit 90 has multiple light sources and sensors. The emitted light of the multiple light sources has a peak wavelength of light emission in the green to red region, and flashes at a frequency with an insect-proof effect to illuminate the breeding area. The second light-emitting unit 90 has a light source with variable light quantity. The emitted light of the light source has a peak wavelength of light emission in the green to red region. The light quantity of the light source changes periodically according to the main pulse and the sub-pulse. The main pulse repeats a bright period and a relative dark period in which the average brightness is relatively darker than the bright period. The sub-pulse is a pulse in the bright period or in the relative dark period, and the frequency of the sub-pulse is more than 4 times the frequency of the main pulse. Preferably, the power of the second light-emitting unit 90 can be 40w. For mushrooms such as shiitake mushrooms, the color of the light can be yellow or green to adjust the cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the shiitake mushrooms to promote the production of inducing substances in the shiitake mushrooms. For example, when cultivating shiitake mushrooms, when the shiitake mushrooms are in the mycelium growth stage, the control unit 400 can control the second light emitting unit 90 to emit red light, yellow light, red-blue, yellow-blue, blue light, green light, blue-green, red-yellow and red-green 9 kinds of single-color and combined light qualities, all of which can promote the growth of shiitake mushroom mycelium. When the shiitake mushrooms change color, the control unit 400 can control the second light emitting unit 90 to emit green light and blue light to promote the color change of the shiitake mushrooms. Preferably, the second light emitting unit 90 is provided with a plurality of single-color lamp beads, such as one or more of yellow lamp beads, red lamp beads, blue lamp beads and green lamp beads, and the second light emitting unit 90 can superimpose the light emitted by different lamp beads to perform mixed light illumination.

[0087] According to a preferred embodiment, when the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit 220 exceeds a third threshold value, preferably, the third threshold value may be 6 per square centimeter, the control unit 400 turns on the third protection mode. The third protection mode sprays a pesticidal agent corresponding to the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species of the pests into the environment based on the species of the pests and the growth stage of the mushrooms while turning on the second protection mode. For example, mushroom flies mainly harm mushrooms. When mushroom flies occur before fruiting, you can spray 1000 times of dichlorvos solution, or you can use 0.1% dervine essence solution. When there are no mushrooms in the mushroom bed, spray 2 to 3 times. After fruiting, you can only spray pyrethroids or pyrethroid solution; fungus mites mainly harm shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, etc., and you can spray 500 ml of 0.5% dichlorvos solution per square meter for prevention and control. Fungus mites on black fungus can be sprayed with 800 times of 20% wettable acaricide alum; slugs mainly harm shiitake mushrooms, white fungus, oyster mushrooms, black fungus, mushrooms, etc. You can spray Jiasu water in the evening where slugs flow, or you can spray with 5% salt water at the place where slugs flow; nematodes mainly harm mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, oyster mushrooms, etc. You can spray black fungus with 1% lime water supernatant or 5% salt water solution. Springtails mainly harm shiitake mushrooms, black fungus, mushrooms, white fungus, etc. Before the mushrooms have grown, they can be killed by spraying 0.2% dimethoate emulsion. After the mushrooms have grown, they can be killed by 2.5% dervine essence emulsion or 20% pyrethrum vinegar diluted 800-1000 times. Pseudo-walking beetles mainly harm black fungus, and 80% dichlorvos solution can be sprayed on the ear field and the surrounding ground.

[0088] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit 10 is configured to attract pests through insect-attracting lights and kill the pests through the electric net 30 so that the pests fall into the first light-emitting unit 10 for collection. Preferably, the wavelength of the first light-emitting unit 10 can be selected from 365nm, 405nm, 420nm and 450nm, among which the light sources of 365nm and 420nm have the most outstanding mosquito-attracting performance. In an unmanned dark room, a 420nm monochromatic LED light source 20 can be used.

[0089] According to a preferred embodiment, the first light-emitting unit 10 is disposed on the top of a mushroom cultivation rack, wherein the mushroom cultivation rack includes at least one layer of net bags for placing the cultivated mushrooms.

[0090] According to a preferred embodiment, the control unit 400 is data-connected to the medicine box 40 to control the medicine box 40 to spray the medicine into the environment. The medicine box 40 is configured to separate a plurality of different medicines by a plurality of partitions.

[0091] According to a preferred embodiment, the breeding rack is provided with at least one layer of electric net 30, and the electric net 30 is connected to the net bag at the same layer and is controlled to be opened by the control unit 400 to kill the pests around the net bag.

[0092] According to a preferred embodiment, the net bag is equipped with a mushroom protection cover 60, and the control unit 400 is configured to close the mushroom protection cover 60 when the electric grid 30 is turned on to prevent the pests killed by the electric grid 30 from falling into the net bag. Ventilation holes are provided on the cover edge of the mushroom protection cover 60 to increase the airflow exchange area of ​​the mushrooms when covering the net bag.

[0093] According to a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes a mushroom cultivation rack, on the top of which a medicine box 40 is placed, and four groups of horizontal frames and vertical bars arranged perpendicular to the bottom surface are provided with a first net bag 50, a second net bag 70, a third net bag 80 and a fourth net bag 100 from top to bottom, and a horizontal frame is fixed on the front and rear sides of the first net bag 50, the second net bag 70, the third net bag 80 and the fourth net bag 100, and a group of fixing rods are arranged on the left and right sides, and a fixing sleeve is welded to the left and right ends of each group of horizontal frames, and the fixing sleeve is placed on the vertical rod; the rear ends of the second net bag 70, the third net bag 80 and the fourth net bag 100 are hinged with a group of back plates, and two groups of lacing structures are arranged on the left and right sides of the upper end of the back plates, and the upper end of the lacing structure is sleeved on the third connecting rod, and the third connecting rod is installed between two groups of second connecting rods arranged in parallel in front and back, and the left and right sides of the upper end of each group of second connecting rods are vertically welded with the first connecting rod.

[0094] According to a preferred embodiment, the materials of the first net bag 50, the second net bag 70, the third net bag 80 and the fourth net bag 100 are all set to the same, all of them are made of stainless steel net bags, and the four are arranged in parallel up and down, and a group of first connecting rods are vertically arranged at the four corners of the bottom of the four.

[0095] According to a preferred embodiment, a base is provided at the bottom end of the four groups of vertical rods, and a sleeve is provided on the upper end of each group of vertical rods, multiple groups of screw holes are arranged on the outer surface of each group of vertical rods in an aligned manner, and a group of roller structures are installed at the bottom end of each group of vertical rods.

[0096] According to a preferred embodiment, a group of fixing bolts are threadedly fixed on the outer side of each group of fixing sleeves, and the front ends of the fixing bolts can be threadedly connected to a group of screw holes on the vertical rod, and the fixing sleeves are detachably connected to the vertical rod.

[0097] According to a preferred embodiment, the upper end of the lacing structure is sleeved on the third connecting rod, and the upper end of the lacing structure can be slidably arranged forward and backward on the third connecting rod, and the lacing structure is made of a super elastic band material.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown, another aspect of the present invention also relates to a lighting method suitable for fungus cultivation, comprising:

[0099] S1: Collect image data of mushroom cultivation area;

[0100] S2: Collect image data of pests and population density data of pests;

[0101] S3: determining the type information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom breeding area based on the image data of the mushroom breeding area, and determining the species information of the pests based on the image data of the pests, wherein when the population density data of the pests exceeds a first threshold, matching the type information of the mushrooms that can be damaged by the determined species of pests with the type information of the mushrooms;

[0102] S4: Enable protection mode when the match is successful;

[0103] S5: triggering data collection again when matching fails, and matching the information on the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by pests of the re-collected species with the information on the types of mushrooms that are collected again;

[0104] S6: When the second match succeeds, the protection mode is turned on, and the protection modes include: a first protection mode, a second protection mode, and a third protection mode;

[0105] S7: Enable the first warning when the second matching fails;

[0106] S8: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit 220 is lower than the first threshold, judging whether the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is normal based on whether it is higher than the critical value;

[0107] S9: determining the image data of the mushroom cultivation area above the critical value as abnormal;

[0108] S10: The image data of the mushroom cultivation area below the critical value is determined to be normal;

[0109] S11: When the image data of the mushroom cultivation area is abnormal and the population density data of the pests is lower than the first threshold, the second warning is activated, wherein the image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the growth time of the mushrooms in the cultivation area.

[0110] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention description and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An edible fungus cultivation system, characterized in that: include The image acquisition module (200) is used to collect image data of the mushroom cultivation area. A spore detection module (300) is used to qualitatively and / or quantitatively collect spore data in a mushroom cultivation area, and a control unit (400), wherein the control unit (400) is communicatively connected with the image acquisition module (200) and the spore detection module (300), wherein when the passively activated spore detection module (300) qualitatively collects fungal spores or mixed mushroom spores, the control unit (400) is configured to: Based on the mushroom images collected by the image collection module (200), the images of foreign organisms distributed in the mushroom cultivation area, and the quantitative collection of mushroom spores and / or fungal spores by the spore detection module (300), an instruction for the control system to enter a protection mode is generated, wherein: When no abnormality occurs in the image, the detection frequency of the spore detection module (300) for quantitatively collecting mushroom spores and / or fungal spores is increased.

2. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The image acquisition module (200) comprises A first data collection unit (210) is used to collect image data of the mushroom cultivation area; The second data collection unit (220) is used to collect image data of pests and population density data of the pests; the control unit (400) is configured as follows: Based on the image data of the mushroom cultivation area collected by the first data acquisition unit (210), the type information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom cultivation area are determined; based on the image data of the pests collected by the second data acquisition unit (220), the species information of the pests is determined, wherein: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) exceeds a first threshold, the control unit (400) matches the information on the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by the pests of the genus determined with the information on the types of mushrooms collected by the first data collection unit (210); the control unit (400) starts a protection mode when the matching is successful; when the matching fails, the first data collection unit (210) and the second data collection unit (220) are triggered to collect data again; and based on the information on the types of mushrooms that can be damaged by the pests of the genus collected again, the control unit matches the information on the types of mushrooms collected again; when the second matching is successful, the control unit (400) starts a protection mode; when the second matching fails, the control unit (400) starts a first warning.

3. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) is lower than a first threshold value, the control unit (400) is capable of determining that the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the second data collection unit (220) that is higher than the critical value is abnormal, and determining that the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the second data collection unit (220) that is lower than the critical value is normal, wherein the control unit (400) activates a second warning when the image data of the mushroom breeding area collected by the first data collection unit (210) is abnormal and the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) is lower than the first threshold value, wherein the image data includes color, shape, height, and volume determined based on a preset mushroom growth process database and the mushroom growth time of the breeding area.

4. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) exceeds a first threshold value, the control unit (400) activates a first protection mode, and the control unit (400) adjusts the light-emitting band of the first light-emitting unit (10) to a band range capable of attracting the pests of the species based on the species information of the pests.

5. The edible fungus cultivation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a second light-emitting unit (90), and when the second protection mode is not turned on, the control unit (400) can adjust the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit (90) based on the growth stage information of the mushrooms so that the second light-emitting unit (90) can emit light that promotes the growth stage of the mushrooms, wherein: The light parameters include one or more of spectrum, light intensity, and flicker frequency.

6. The edible fungus cultivation system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) exceeds a second threshold value, the control unit (400) turns on the second protection mode, wherein, under the condition that the first protection mode is turned on, the control unit (400) regulates the light parameters of the second light-emitting unit (90) based on the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species information of the pests so as to promote the growth of the mushrooms and drive away the pests, and the second light-emitting unit (90) flashes at a specific frequency based on the regulation of the control unit (400).

7. The edible fungus cultivation system according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: When the population density data of the pests collected by the second data collection unit (220) exceeds a third threshold value, the control unit (400) turns on a third protection mode, wherein, under the condition that the second protection mode is turned on, the control unit (400) sprays a pesticidal agent corresponding to the growth stage of the mushrooms and the species of the pests into the environment based on the species of the pests and the growth stage of the mushrooms.

8. The edible fungus cultivation system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that: The first light-emitting unit (10) is configured to attract pests through insect-attracting lights and kill the pests through an electric net (30) so that the pests fall into the first light-emitting unit (10) for collection.

9. The edible fungus cultivation system according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that: The control unit (400) is data-connected to the medicine box (40) to control the medicine box (40) to spray the medicine into the environment, wherein the medicine box (40) is configured to separate a plurality of different medicines by a plurality of partitions.

10. A method for cultivating edible fungi, characterized in that: include: Collect image data of mushroom cultivation areas; Collecting image data of pests and population density data of the pests; The type information and growth stage information of the mushrooms in the mushroom breeding area are determined based on the image data of the mushroom breeding area, and the species information of the pests is determined based on the image data of the pests, wherein: When the population density data of the pest exceeds a first threshold, matching the mushroom species information with the mushroom species information according to the determined mushroom species information that the pest can damage; Enable protection mode when the match is successful; triggering data collection again when the matching fails, and matching the mushroom species information collected again with the mushroom species information that can be damaged by the pests of the genus; Enable protection mode when the second match succeeds; The first warning is activated when the second match fails.

Images