Ancient tree transplanting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ancient tree transplanting method, and belongs to the technical field of ancient tree protection. Pruning, shaping and brushing a wound healing agent; a transpiration inhibitor is sprayed on the whole tree; root cutting treatment is conducted before transplanting, root cutting is conducted six months before transplanting, the specification of a soil ball is set according to the detection result of the root system of the ancient tree, and excavation is conducted by adopting a method of combining excavator layering downward excavation and manual layer-by-layer excavation; the tree body is supported and stabilized by iron ropes; performing water management, nutrition management and pest control during root cutting; digging and treating the planting holes after the planting holes are selected to be transplanted into the land; the steel plate box fixes soil balls; the method comprises the following steps: protecting tree trunks, hoisting, loading, transporting, planting, stabilizing tree bodies by using iron chains, building a shading net, installing a spraying system, and carrying out maintenance management on the planted ancient trees. Therefore, by the adoption of the ancient tree transplanting method, the soil ball and the crown breadth are reserved as large as possible, and the method has a great effect on improving the transplanting survival rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ancient tree protection, and in particular to an ancient tree transplantation method. Background Art

[0002] There are various methods for transplanting ancient trees in the prior art, including tying soil balls with straw ropes, tying soil balls with tire glue, elastic bands and wire mesh, etc. The soil balls tied with straw ropes swing due to inertia during transportation, and the soil balls will become loose when the straw ropes are untied for planting. At the same time, the tying shape is limited to a cone shape and cannot be changed according to actual conditions. When the roots are replenished with water after planting, the straw ropes and the water ferment internally to produce fungi and bacteria. The straw ropes directly contact the wound surface when the roots are broken, which can easily cause fungal and bacterial infections and lead to root rot. Moreover, the straw ropes take 1-2 years to rot, and the root growth is severely restricted.

[0003] When tying the soil ball with tire rubber, elastic band and wire mesh, since the soil ball for transplanting ancient and famous trees is too heavy and too large, the main force-bearing surface is the bottom of the soil ball during lifting, which makes the soil ball easy to loosen.

[0004] During the wire rope lifting process, the ancient trees are too heavy, and the wire rope has a small force area, which can easily cause damage to the outer skin and wood of the ancient trees, and the survival rate of the transplanted ancient trees will be greatly reduced. Therefore, there is a lack of a more systematic method for transplanting ancient trees. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for transplanting ancient trees, which makes the transplantation of ancient trees more systematic and retains the soil ball and crown width as much as possible, which has a great effect on improving the survival rate of transplantation.

[0006] The present invention provides an ancient tree transplantation method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Collect basic data of ancient and famous trees; mark the location of ancient and famous trees, and conduct tree and root system inspection;

[0008] Step 2: Prune and shape the branches and apply wound healing agent;

[0009] Step 3: Spray the whole tree with transpiration inhibitor;

[0010] Step 4: Root removal before transplantation. Root removal should be done 6 months before transplantation. According to the test results of the ancient tree root system, the soil ball specifications should be set. Excavation should be carried out by combining layered excavation with an excavator and manual excavation layer by layer. During the excavation process, avoid damaging the roots that need to be retained. For roots with a diameter greater than 3 cm that need to be cut off, cut them off and flatten them with a hand saw, and apply a wound healing agent. After excavation and shaping, spray a special fungicide on the roots. For roots with a diameter less than 1 cm, use pruning shears to cut them flat, and use a sprayer to spray the wound with liquid to sterilize and disinfect it, promote wound healing and root germination. After excavation, use a root controller to extend the distance of 20 cm from the edge of the soil ball. The position is around the soil ball, and the height of the root controller is higher than the soil ball. Then, a mixture of ancient tree and famous tree rejuvenation matrix, perlite, and original soil is added to the gap between the root controller and the soil ball, and it is filled to the same level as the upper part of the soil ball. The outside of the root controller is tied and fixed with a strap, and the outside of the wrapped soil ball is backfilled with original soil to the same level as the upper part of the soil ball. A drainage channel is left at the bottom of the backfilled soil to avoid water accumulation in the soil ball; then 30% oxadiazine diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthaleneacetic acid diluted 3000 times are used, and the diluted agents are mixed in a ratio of 1:1.5:1, and the backfilled soil ball is fully irrigated;

[0011] Step 5: Use iron rope traction and steel pipe support to stabilize the tree;

[0012] Step 6: Carry out water management, nutrition management, and pest and disease control during the root removal period;

[0013] Step 7: After selecting the transplanting site, dig and process the planting hole;

[0014] Step 8: Fix the soil ball with steel box;

[0015] Step nine: After the trunk is protected, it is hoisted, loaded, transported, planted, and the tree is stabilized with iron cables. Then a shade net is built, a sprinkler system is installed, and the planted ancient trees are maintained and managed.

[0016] Preferably, in step one, the basic data collected on the ancient trees and famous trees include tree height, crown width, breast diameter, longitude and latitude of the original habitat, tree species, and tree age; the step of detecting the ancient tree body is to use PICUS3 tree tomography diagnostic instrument to detect the internal cavities of the ancient trees and famous trees; the method of root system detection is to use TRU tree radar detection system to detect the root distribution of the ancient trees and famous trees, including the depth of root growth, the number of roots, the growth width of the root system, and the thickness of the root system.

[0017] Preferably, in step 2, the wound healing agent includes 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, and the three are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0018] Preferably, the soil ball in step 4 is in the shape of an inverted cone with a width at the top and a narrowness at the bottom, the diameter of the soil ball is not less than 6-8 times the diameter of the trunk, the soil ball is biased toward the side with living roots, and at least one large root or main root is retained on each side of the root system, which is retained until the transplantation construction and then cut off;

[0019] The rejuvenation matrix in step 4 includes 20 parts of peanut bran, 10 parts of tea bran, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of earthworm castings, 10 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of straw, 10 parts of green branches and leaves, 8 parts of peat soil, 1 part of humic acid, 0.5 parts of loose soil essence, 0.1 parts of 20 billion / g yeast, 0.2 parts of 1.2 billion / g lactic acid bacteria, and 0.2 parts of 20 billion / g Bacillus subtilis.

[0020] Preferably, in step five, the specific steps of stabilizing the tree body by using iron cable traction and steel pipe support are as follows: according to the center of gravity of the ancient trees and famous trees after pruning and root cutting, the tree body of the ancient trees and famous trees is stabilized by using a combination of iron cable traction and steel pipe support to avoid the risk of lodging after root cutting.

[0021] The method of iron cable traction is to nail a wooden board on the trunk as a stress point in the middle and upper part of the trunk, and then use iron plates to make a semicircular iron plate. Two iron plates form an iron ring in a circle. Four iron buckles are welded outside the iron ring. The iron ring is firmly fixed on the wooden board. The iron buckles are connected to the iron cable. The other end of the iron cable is welded to the channel steel. Use an excavator to drive the channel steel into the ground at least 2m to fix and pull the weight of the tree. There are a total of 4 iron cables, which are evenly distributed around the tree.

[0022] The method of steel pipe support is to find the support point of the tree body, first dig a concrete support pit with a depth of 1.5m-2m, a width of 1m, and a length of 1m on the side where the support is required, then pour concrete flush with the ground, and insert a nut with a length of 50-100cm and a diameter of 2cm before the concrete dries, exposing the end with the screw by 5-10cm to form a support base. The upper and middle parts of the tree trunk where the center of gravity of the tree body deviates from the direction are used as the support force point, and a galvanized pipe of φ110mm-160mm is used as the support body. A "U"-shaped iron plate is welded on the top, and tire rubber is used as a cushion layer in the concave part of the "U"-shaped iron plate to protect the bark from damage. Close to the trunk support force point, a flange is welded at the bottom of the support, and the flange is directly connected to the nut on the support base and fixed with bolts.

[0023] Preferably, in step six, the soil moisture during water management is 60%-80%.

[0024] Preferably, in step seven, the steps of excavating and treating the planting hole are as follows: the width of the planting hole is 1m-1.5m wider than each side of the soil ball, the depth is consistent with the thickness of the soil ball, the bottom of the planting hole is in the shape of an inverted pot bottom, compacted with an excavator, and then a drainage culvert is excavated; a 1:1 mixture of coarse sand and gravel is used as a base material at the bottom of the planting hole with a thickness of 30cm to enhance the water permeability and air permeability of the roots, and then a 1000-fold solution of 1:1:1 of carbendazim, a 1000-fold solution of sinovac biofilm, and a 1000-fold solution of avermectin are used to fully spray the planting hole for sterilization, disinfection, and insecticide.

[0025] Preferably, in step eight, the step of fixing the soil ball with the steel box is:

[0026] 8.1 Six months after root removal, use an excavator to clear the soil covering the root controller to open up a site for large machinery and geotechnical drilling rigs to operate;

[0027] 8.2 Install wooden boards and weld steel frames. Use wooden boards to fit around the root controller. Then use channel steel and I-beams to weld each side of the frame into a steel frame. The surrounding steel frames are close to the wooden boards and welded together to form a quadrilateral steel frame with a larger top and a smaller bottom. Use iron cables to tighten the upper part of the frame inward to bear the force.

[0028] 8.3 Use a geotechnical drill to drill holes at the bottom of the soil ball until the drill penetrates. After removing the drill bit, insert a φ110cm steel pipe, and then continue drilling holes next to the steel pipe. Repeat this operation until the entire bottom of the soil ball is covered with steel pipes. Then weld the steel pipes to the channel steel, lay two large I-beams on both sides of the bottom of the steel pipe and weld them to the steel pipe.

[0029] Therefore, the present application provides a method for transplanting ancient trees, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. When lifting and transporting, the force bearing point of the soil ball is on the external I-beam (or galvanized steel pipe), so the roots are not easily broken and the tree is not easily damaged;

[0031] 2. The steel box transplantation technology can protect the root system to the maximum extent, retain the soil ball and crown width as much as possible, and play a great role in improving the survival rate of transplantation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is the tree detection map of the ancient tree;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a root system detection diagram for ancient trees;

[0035] Figure 4 Pictures for traction and support;

[0036] Figure 5 Structural diagram for fixing soil ball to steel box;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a picture of the buried ventilation tube during the planting process. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.

[0039] like Figure 1-6 , the ancient tree transplantation method comprises the following steps,

[0040] 1. Collect basic data of ancient and famous trees; mark the location of ancient and famous trees and detect the tree body and root system;

[0041] Using altimeters, GPS locators, tape measures, and breast diameter rulers, we collected information such as tree height, crown width, breast diameter, longitude and latitude of the original habitat, tree species, tree age, and ancient tree number, so as to master the growth data of ancient trees in detail. We used a compass to determine the orientation of ancient trees, and used spray paint to mark the four directions of due east, due west, due south, and due north on the ancient trees to facilitate identification of the original orientation during later planting. Tree inspection: We used the PICUS3 tree fault imaging diagnostic instrument to inspect the internal cavities of ancient trees to determine whether there is a risk of trunk breakage when the ancient trees are transplanted and lifted; (Picus 3. Elastic wave tree fault image diagnostic instrument is used to detect wood decay of trees caused by insect pests or natural decay. In most cases, it mainly measures the part of the trunk close to the ground. When measuring, fix the sensor on the pre-detected fault, and use a professionally designed electronic hammer to hit each detection point. The sound wave propagates inside the trunk. If the medium inside the trunk is different, the speed of sound wave propagation is different, and then the health status and air decay situation inside the trunk can be judged. ) Root system detection: The TRU tree radar detection system is used to detect the root distribution of ancient trees and famous trees, including the depth of root growth, the number of roots, the growth width of the root system, and the thickness of the root system. The root system detection data can provide reference data for the depth and width of the excavated soil ball. (The TRU tree radar detection system is designed to detect the distribution of underground roots. It uses ground-penetrating radar technology to scan trees non-destructively, generating high-resolution images and actual root distribution maps. The entire detection work includes two steps: one is the collection of field data, which is fast and non-destructive; the other is to use computer software to analyze and process the data to generate internal state maps. Trunk analysis can draw maps of cavities, decay, and actual material thickness inside the trunk; root analysis can generate 2D root distribution plane maps, root density maps, and 3D root morphology maps.)

[0042] 2. Prune and shape the branches and apply wound healing agent;

[0043] Based on the growth data of ancient and famous trees in the previous investigation, with improving survival as the basic principle and ensuring the beauty of the tree shape as the secondary principle, pruning and shaping of the ancient and famous trees are carried out in combination with their actual conditions. Chainsaws, hand saws and other tools are used to retract the overall crown branches inward, and the center of gravity of the ancient and famous trees is adjusted to the main trunk to facilitate the later transplantation and lifting operations. Special wound healing agents are applied to the wounds of the trunks (mixed with 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% fenpropimorph diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, in a ratio of 1:1:1. This formula can effectively kill fungi and bacteria at the wound and avoid wound infection. Sodium nitrophenolate effectively stimulates cell vitality, promotes cell division and growth, and accelerates the growth of new tissue, thereby accelerating wound healing) to avoid wound infection and promote wound healing.

[0044] 3. Spraying transpiration inhibitors on the whole tree

[0045] For the pruned ancient and famous trees, anti-transpiration inhibitors are sprayed with pesticide sprayers to reduce the transpiration of the tree and the evaporation of water from the tree. The crown, trunk and main trunk must all be sprayed in place. The main principle of this agent is to promote the closure of the stomatal pores in the leaf flesh and reduce the evaporation of water, so as to reduce the chance of dehydration of the tree.

[0046] Step 4: Prune the roots before transplanting. Prune the roots 6 months before transplanting. The best time of the year is from September to November. Transplant in March to May of the following year. According to the test results of the ancient tree root system, set the specifications of the soil ball. Generally, it is an inverted cone shape with a wide top and a narrow bottom. The diameter of the soil ball should not be less than 6-8 times the diameter of the trunk. The soil ball should be biased towards the side with living roots. Try to preserve more living roots. At least one large root or taproot should be retained on each side of the root system. Keep it until the transplantation construction and then cut it off.

[0047] A method combining digging in layers with manual digging layer by layer. When digging, try to avoid damaging the roots that need to be retained. For the thicker roots (more than 3 cm in diameter) that need to be cut off, cut and flatten them with a hand saw, and apply wound healing agent (mixed with 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, in a ratio of 1:1:1. This formula can effectively kill fungi and bacteria at the wound site and avoid wound infection. Sodium nitrophenolate effectively stimulates cell vitality, promotes cell division and growth, and accelerates the growth of new tissues, thereby accelerating wound healing). After excavation and shaping, spray the root-specific fungicide. For smaller roots (less than 1 cm in diameter), use pruning shears to cut them flat, and use a sprayer to spray the liquid to sterilize the wound, promote wound healing and root germination.

[0048] Use a root controller to surround the soil ball 20 cm away from the edge of the soil ball. The height of the root controller should be higher than the soil ball. Then add a mixture of ancient and famous tree rejuvenation matrix (20 parts of peanut bran, 10 parts of tea bran, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of earthworm castings, 10 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of straw, 10 parts of green branches and leaves, 8 parts of peat soil, 1 part of humic acid, 0.5 parts of loose soil essence, 0.1 parts of 20 billion / g yeast, 0.2 parts of 1.2 billion / g lactic acid bacteria, and 0.2 parts of 20 billion / g Bacillus subtilis fermented), perlite, and original soil into the gap between the root controller and the soil ball. Fill it until it is level with the top of the soil ball. Use binding tape to tie and fix the outside of the root controller to prevent soil from scattering and soil ball collapse. Use original soil to backfill the outside of the wrapped soil ball until it is level with the top of the soil ball. Leave a drainage channel at the bottom of the backfill soil to prevent water accumulation in the soil ball. Then, 30% oxadiazine was diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid was diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthaleneacetic acid was diluted 3000 times, and the diluted agents were mixed into a rooting agent according to a ratio of 1:1.5:1 (this formula can effectively kill the pathogens that cause root rot and protect the wound. Indolebutyric acid and naphthaleneacetic acid can effectively promote the growth of adventitious roots at the wound. Generally, when the temperature is continuously above 25°C, the new roots can grow to a length of about 5 cm in about 25 days), and the backfilled soil ball was fully irrigated;

[0049] Step 5. Use iron cables to support and stabilize the tree. According to the center of gravity of the ancient trees after pruning and root cutting, use a combination of iron cable traction and steel pipe support to stabilize the tree to avoid the risk of lodging after root cutting.

[0050] ① Iron rope traction: In the middle and upper part of the trunk, nail a wooden board around the trunk as a stress point, and then use an iron plate (thickness 1-1.5cm, width 10cm) to make a semicircular iron plate. Two iron plates form an iron ring in a circle. Four iron buckles are welded outside the iron ring. The iron ring is firmly fixed on the wooden board. The iron buckles are connected to the iron rope. The other end of the iron rope is welded to the channel steel (thickness 10cm, length 3m). Use an excavator to drive the channel steel into the ground at least 2m to fix and pull the weight of the tree. A total of 4 iron ropes are set up, evenly distributed around the tree.

[0051] ②Steel pipe support: Find the support point of the tree. First, dig a concrete support pit with a depth of 1.5m-2m, a width of 1m, and a length of 1m on the side where the support is required. Then pour the concrete flush with the ground. When the concrete is not dry, insert a nut with a length of 50-100cm and a diameter of 2cm, leaving 5-10cm of the end with the screw exposed to form a support base. The upper and middle part of the tree trunk where the center of gravity of the tree deviates from the direction is used as the support force point. The galvanized pipe is used as the main support body, and a "U"-shaped iron plate (thickness 1-1.5cm, width 10cm) is welded on the top. Tire rubber is used as a cushion layer in the concave part of the "U"-shaped iron plate to protect the bark from damage. The stress point of the support is close to the trunk. The flange is welded at the bottom of the support. The flange is directly connected to the nut on the support base and fixed with bolts.

[0052] Step 6: Carry out water management, nutrition management, and pest and disease control during the root removal period;

[0053] 1. Moisture management

[0054] ① Use a hygrometer to check the soil humidity every morning in the first month after root cutting. Soil humidity of 60%-80% is more suitable for root germination. If the humidity is too high, reduce or stop watering. If the humidity is too low, water immediately and water thoroughly. ② Long-term rain or heavy rain can easily cause water accumulation. Ditches should be dug immediately to drain water to prevent the roots of ancient trees from rotting.

[0055] 2. Nutritional management

[0056] ① Take measures to promote root growth and rejuvenation according to the growth of old trees. If old trees are found to be weak, immediately organize plant protection personnel to sterilize, promote root growth and fertilize them (fertilization is mainly based on humic acid liquid fertilizer with a concentration of 1 / 1000). The specific implementation measures depend on the growth of old trees. ② If necessary, nutrient infusion can be used to rejuvenate old trees to open up the transmission capacity of the vascular tubes of old trees, supplement the nutrients needed by old trees, activate cell vitality, and promote tree recovery.

[0057] 3. Pest and disease control

[0058] ① Pest and disease control follows the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", and regularly sprays pesticides for pest and disease prevention on old and famous trees after root cutting every two weeks;

[0059] ②Main types of pests and diseases to be controlled: termites, stem-boring pests, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, leaf-eating pests, etc.;

[0060] ③Main prevention and control measures: Use 300 times diluted penetrant (adjuvant, effectively assisting the liquid medicine to penetrate into the tree body and under the bark to kill insects and eggs), 1000 times diluted cypermethrin (termites, stem-boring pests, leaf-feeding pests), 1000 times diluted fenpropimorph (fungicide), 1000 times diluted streptomycin sulfate (bactericide) to spray the tree once every 2 weeks to play a comprehensive preventive role.

[0061] Step 7: After selecting the transplanting site, dig and process the planting hole;

[0062] In order to achieve the highest survival rate for transplanted ancient and famous trees, in principle, planting them nearby is the main approach. However, it is necessary to verify the nature and planning of the land to be transplanted with the relevant departments to prevent the ancient trees from being affected by project development and construction for the second time. If the conditions for planting nearby cannot be met, public green spaces, campuses, units and other land that are difficult to construct should be given priority as the transplantation sites.

[0063] Planting hole excavation and preparation

[0064] ① Excavation of planting holes: Excavation should be carried out according to the specifications of the soil ball. The width should be 1m-1.5m wider than each side of the soil ball and the depth should be consistent with the thickness of the soil ball. The bottom of the planting hole should be in the shape of an inverted pot bottom. It should be compacted with an excavator, and then a drainage channel to a lower-lying area should be excavated. ② Treatment of planting holes: A 1:1 mixture of coarse sand and gravel is used as a padding material at the bottom, with a thickness of 30cm to enhance the water permeability and air permeability of the roots. Then, 1000 times of dimethoate, 1000 times of sinoprolin, and 1000 times of avermectin should be used to spray the planting hole for sterilization, disinfection, and insecticide.

[0065] Step 8: Fix the soil ball with steel box;

[0066] ① Cleaning the site: 6 months after root removal, use an excavator to clear the soil covering the root controller to make room for large machinery and geotechnical drilling rigs to operate;

[0067] ②Install wooden boards and weld steel frames: Use wooden boards to fit tightly around the root controller, and then weld channel steel and I-beams on each side to form a steel frame. The surrounding steel frames are tightly attached to the wooden boards and welded together to form a quadrilateral steel frame with a larger top and a smaller bottom. The upper part of the frame is tightened inward with iron cables to bear the force;

[0068] ③Drill holes at the bottom of the soil ball using a geotechnical drill Until the drill penetrates, remove the drill bit and insert The steel pipe is then laid next to the steel pipe and continued to drill holes. This operation is repeated until the bottom of the soil ball is completely covered with steel pipes. The steel pipes are then welded to the channel steel. Two large I-beams (at least 20 cm thick) are laid flat on both sides of the bottom of the steel pipe and then welded to the steel pipe. Steel plate is a hard material with strong load-bearing capacity and is not easy to deform. After installing a steel box outside the soil ball, the soil ball can be effectively protected inside to avoid the risk of loose soil ball. The traditional method of wrapping the soil ball with soft materials such as wire mesh and sunshade net is only suitable for the lifting method of directly lifting the trunk of the ancient tree. The main reason is that the soil ball cannot bear the overall weight of the soil ball and the ancient tree, and if similar wrapping materials are used to wrap it, when the lifting part is on the soil ball, the lifting rope will cause root damage during the lifting process. However, there is also a problem if the trunk is directly lifted, that is, the soil ball cannot be too large, because the larger the soil ball, the heavier the weight of the soil ball will be. When it is too heavy, lifting the trunk will damage the bark and even cause girdling. After fixing with a steel box, as long as it is within the gravity range of the steel and the crane, the degree of soil ball retention can be increased as much as possible, because the force point of the lifting is on the steel itself, thereby maximizing the retention of the soil ball and retaining the root system as much as possible, maximizing the survival rate.

[0069] Step nine: After the trunk is protected, it is hoisted, loaded, transported, planted, and the tree is stabilized with iron cables. Then, a shade net is built, a sprinkler system is installed, and maintenance management is carried out on the planted ancient trees.

[0070] Trunk protection

[0071] Wrap and protect the parts of the tree that are subject to stress and are easily touched or scratched with tree wraps and wooden boards.

[0072] Lifting

[0073] A large-tonnage crane is used as the main crane, and a smaller-tonnage crane is used as the auxiliary crane. The main crane uses steel cables to directly lift the bottom I-beam. Four steel cables are used to lift and bear force from the four corners. The lifting part of the auxiliary crane is at the center of gravity of the tree, and it mainly plays a stabilizing role.

[0074] Loading

[0075] ① In the case of short-distance transportation allowed by the site, the ancient tree is lifted directly vertically upwards, and then moved horizontally to the flatbed truck. The center of gravity of the tree is protected by wooden boards, and iron rings and iron cables are used to connect the flatbed truck and the center of gravity of the tree, tighten and stabilize it. The lower steel frame is also connected to the flatbed truck with iron cables to tighten and stabilize it. ② In the case of long-distance transportation, after the ancient tree is lifted out of its native place, the crane is used to support the center of gravity of the tree, and then the ancient tree is slowly laid flat on the ground. The main crane is used to adjust the steel side box and the auxiliary crane is used to adjust the center of gravity. The tree is then moved horizontally to the flatbed truck with the soil ball facing the front of the truck and the crown facing the rear of the truck. Iron cables are then used to connect the steel frame and the center of gravity of the tree to the flatbed truck and tighten and stabilize it.

[0076] transportation

[0077] Colonization

[0078] ① Planting by hanging: After the old tree is transported to the place where it will be moved, the fixed iron rope will be removed, and the soil of the thickness of the bottom channel steel and the hollow part of the steel pipe will be reserved at the bottom of the planting hole, so that the bottom of the planting hole is convex. The large crane will lift from the steel plate box, and the smaller crane will lift from the center of gravity of the tree. The old tree will be lifted to the convexity in the planting hole. The bottom channel steel is located outside the convexity, so that the old tree is placed in the planting hole. The crane that retains the center of gravity of the tree will stabilize the old tree, and then the bottom channel steel, steel pipe, side channel steel, wooden board, and root control device will be dismantled one by one in the order of the bottom channel steel, steel pipe, side channel steel, wooden board, and root control device, so that the soil ball is completely exposed. ② Bury the ventilation pipe: Use Punch holes on the side of the PVC pipe, wrap it with a shade net, and bury it in the edge of the soil ball. Distribute it around the edges. The length of the air permeable pipe should be higher than the soil ball. Set up 6-8 holes in total.

[0079] ③ Backfill: Use 1 / 2 of the original soil mixed with the ancient and famous tree rejuvenation matrix to backfill the planting hole, backfill until the top of the soil ball is flush and compacted;

[0080] ④ Watering for planting: Use 1000 times diluted carbendazim, 2000 times diluted in indolebutyric acid, 1000 times diluted in naphthylacetic acid to water the planted ancient trees, and make sure they are thoroughly watered.

[0081] Iron rope (support) stabilizes the tree

[0082] According to the center of gravity of the ancient and famous trees after pruning and root removal, the ancient and famous trees are stabilized by combining iron rope traction and steel pipe support to avoid the risk of lodging after root removal. The iron rope traction and steel pipe support steps in this step are the same as step 5 and will not be repeated here.

[0083] Build a shade net

[0084] After the ancient trees are planted, shade facilities are built outside the ancient trees. The shade facilities are mainly built with bamboo, shade nets and iron wire. Bamboo is used as the main body of the shade facility, and the frame is built. The outside is covered with shade nets. The shade facilities are 1m higher than the crown of the ancient trees, 1m wider than the crown on each side, and 2m above the ground without obstruction to ensure its growth requirements.

[0085] Sprinkler system installation

[0086] Atomizing nozzles are installed on the upper part of the crown of the ancient tree. The nozzles spray upwards to ensure that the tree body within the crown can receive the atomized water droplets, creating a humid microclimate for the ancient tree, reducing the evaporation of water after the ancient tree is transplanted, and effectively promoting the recovery of the tree. The spraying system should be turned on in the morning and evening, and should avoid hot weather and rainy days. Each spray should only achieve the purpose of moistening the tree body, and should not cause water accumulation at the roots.

[0087] Post-planting care

[0088] ① Carry out water management, nutrient management, wind, frost and heat protection management, and control of harmful organisms and trunk-boring pests according to the actual situation of the ancient trees.

[0089] 1. Moisture management

[0090] After planting, take the following water management measures according to the weather and tree growth conditions:

[0091] ① In the first month after root cutting, you are required to use a hygrometer to check the dryness and wetness of the soil every morning. The soil moisture of 60%-80% is more suitable for root germination. If the humidity is too high, reduce or stop watering. If the humidity is too low, water immediately and make sure to water thoroughly.

[0092] ② Prolonged or heavy rain can easily cause water accumulation, so ditches should be dug immediately to drain water to prevent the roots of ancient trees from rotting.

[0093] 2. Nutritional management

[0094] ① Take measures to promote root growth and rejuvenation according to the growth of old trees. If old trees are found to be weak, immediately organize plant protection personnel to sterilize, promote root growth and fertilize them (fertilizer is mainly humic acid liquid fertilizer with a concentration of 1 / 1000). The specific implementation measures will be determined according to the growth of old trees.

[0095] ② If necessary, the ancient trees can be rejuvenated by nutrient infusion to open up the transmission capacity of the vascular tubes of the ancient trees, supplement the nutrients needed by the ancient trees, activate cell vitality, and promote tree recovery.

[0096] 3. Pest and disease control

[0097] ① Pest and disease control follows the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive prevention and control", and regularly sprays pesticides for pests and diseases on the ancient and famous trees after planting every month (except winter);

[0098] ②Main types of pests and diseases to be prevented: termites, stem-boring pests, fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, leaf-eating pests, etc.;

[0099] ③Main prevention measures: Use 300 times diluted penetrant (adjuvant, effectively assisting the liquid medicine to penetrate into the tree body and under the bark to kill insects and eggs), 1000 times diluted cypermethrin (termites, stem-boring pests, leaf-feeding pests), 1000 times diluted fenpropimorph (fungicide), 1000 times diluted streptomycin sulfate (bactericide) to spray the tree once every month (except winter) to play a comprehensive preventive role.

[0100] ④ Eliminate termite breeding areas around ancient trees

[0101] Remove large dead branches, stumps and abandoned tree roots as soon as possible, and repair tree holes in time or apply anti-termite agents; wounds are the main entry point for termites, so during garden management such as pruning, try to avoid causing large wounds, and for wounds that have already formed, protective treatment should be taken in time.

[0102] ⑤ Protect termites’ natural enemies

[0103] The natural enemies of termites in cities are mostly predatory and parasitic. Predatory enemies mainly include ants, spiders, birds, poultry, etc., which peck at termites, bats, frogs, etc. They mainly prey on winged termites, termites exposed to the outside, or enter the nest without destroying the ant nest to prey and lure out the termites and then feed on them; parasitic enemies mainly include mites, fungi, bacteria and viruses, etc., which can cause termite diseases and eventually lead to the death of termites until the entire nest is destroyed. This is the most environmentally friendly and sustainable means of preventing and controlling termites.

[0104] ⑥Termite control

[0105] The "termite attracting method" is adopted. Pre-bury the attracting box near the termite activity area (if obvious termite trails are found, bury it below the trails and close to the trunk roots), place the attracting wood in the attracting box, prepare the special termite attracting liquid on the attracting wood, gently place it in the excavated pit, and cover it with the original soil.

[0106] After the termites are lured out, a special infectious agent for termites is sprayed using a powder spray tube. The agent will attach to the termites themselves, turning them into a virus transmission system and bringing them back to the ant colony. The termites will lick each other's bodies and communicate with each other, thus achieving the effect of "killing the entire nest" as a whole.

[0107] ⑦ Longicorn control

[0108] During the maintenance period, the ancient trees are inspected to see if there are any damages caused by the trunk-boring pest longicorn beetle on the trunk and branches. If any damages are found, the following three methods are combined for prevention and control:

[0109] Use special penetrating pesticides to spray the trunks and branches of ancient trees comprehensively, and be careful to avoid the leaves of ancient trees when spraying; inject compound nutrients and control agents into the branches and trunks of ancient trees, which will kill the larvae of longhorn beetles after absorption; use high-pressure sprayers to irrigate the area around the roots of ancient trees with systemic control agents, and irrigate the area around the roots in place.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] The wound healing agent of the present application is 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, which are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0112] Comparative Example 1

[0113] The wound healing agent is 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times. The three are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:1.

[0114] Comparative Example 2

[0115] The wound healing agent is 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, and the three are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0116] Comparative Example 3

[0117] The wound healing agent is 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times. The three are mixed in a mass ratio of 2:1:1.

[0118] Comparative Example 4

[0119] The wound healing agent is a 3000-fold dilution of 70% fenpropimorph and a 3000-fold dilution of 90% sodium nitrophenolate, and the three are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0120] In order to observe the wound healing effect of the wound healing agents of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-4, the trees were tested.

[0121] Experimental design

[0122] 1. Sample selection

[0123] Select the same type of jujube trees, 10 jujube trees in each group

[0124] 2. Experimental Grouping

[0125] Example 2: Treatment with the wound healing agent of Example 2.

[0126] Comparative Example 1: The wound healing agent of Comparative Example 1 was used for treatment.

[0127] Comparative Example 2: The wound healing agent of Comparative Example 2 was used for treatment.

[0128] Comparative Example 3: The wound healing agent of Comparative Example 3 was used for treatment.

[0129] Comparative Example 4: The wound healing agent of Comparative Example 4 was used for treatment.

[0130] Control group: no wound healing agent was used.

[0131] Experimental procedures

[0132] 1. Wound management

[0133] Wound creation: Create wounds of similar size and depth on each tree, ensuring that the location and shape of the wounds are as consistent as possible.

[0134] Record basic data: Record basic data such as the initial area, circumference, depth, etc. of each wound, and take photos of the initial state. Basic data table 1 is shown below.

[0135] Table 1 Basic data table

[0136]

[0137] 2. Application of wound healing agents

[0138] Healing agent treatment: evenly apply the wound healing agent of the corresponding group on the wound surface.

[0139] Control group treatment: The control group did not receive any treatment, and only basic data were recorded.

[0140] 3. Observe and record

[0141] Regular Observation: Observe and record wounds on all trees once a week for at least 8-12 weeks.

[0142] Record data: Record changes in wound area, circumference, and depth, and take photos of each observation.

[0143] After treatment, the data of the wound changes before and after the treatment of the embodiment, comparative example and control group are shown below, and Table 2 is the data from week 1 to week 12.

[0144] Table 2. Wound change data from week 1 to week 12

[0145]

[0146]

[0147]

[0148]

[0149]

[0150] Example 3

[0151] 30% carbendazim was diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid was diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthylacetic acid was diluted 3000 times, and the diluted agents were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1.

[0152] Comparative Example 3.1

[0153] Dilute 30% carbendazim 1500 times, dilute 40% indolebutyric acid 3000 times, and dilute 10% naphthylacetic acid 3000 times, and mix the diluted agents in a mass ratio of 1:2:1.

[0154] Comparative Example 3.2

[0155] Dilute 30% carbendazim 1500 times, dilute 40% indolebutyric acid 3000 times, and dilute 10% naphthylacetic acid 3000 times, and mix the diluted agents in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2.

[0156] In order to observe the rooting conditions of the rooting agents of Example 3 and Comparative Examples 3.1 and 3.2, trees were tested.

[0157] 1. Sample selection

[0158] Select cuttings or seedlings of the same tree species, with 30 cuttings in each group.

[0159] 2. Experimental Grouping

[0160] Example 3: Treatment with the rooting agent of Example 3.

[0161] Comparative Example 3.1: The rooting agent of Comparative Example 3.1 was used for treatment.

[0162] Comparative Example 3.2: The rooting agent of Comparative Example 3.2 was used for treatment.

[0163] Control group: No rooting agent was used, only clean water was used.

[0164] Experimental procedures

[0165] 1. Preparation of rooting agent

[0166] Example 3: 30% benomyl was diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid was diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthylacetic acid was diluted 3000 times, and then mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:1.

[0167] Comparative Example 3.1: 30% meconium chloride was diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid was diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthylacetic acid was diluted 3000 times, and then mixed in a mass ratio of 1:2:1.

[0168] Comparative Example 3.2: 30% meconium chloride was diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid was diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthylacetic acid was diluted 3000 times, and then mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5:2.

[0169] 2. Processing the Cuttings

[0170] Cutting preparation: Cut the cuttings into 15-20cm, with 2-3 bud points on each cutting.

[0171] Base treatment: Immerse the base of the cuttings (about 2-3 cm) in the rooting agent solution of the corresponding group for 30 minutes.

[0172] Control group treatment: The base of the cuttings in the control group was immersed in clean water for 30 minutes.

[0173] 3. Cuttings

[0174] Cutting medium: Choose a medium suitable for rooting, such as culture soil, vermiculite or perlite, and ensure that the medium is moist and breathable.

[0175] Cutting operation: Insert the processed cuttings into the substrate, with the insertion depth being approximately 1 / 2 of the length of the cuttings.

[0176] Labeling: clearly mark each group of cuttings

[0177] 4. Training and management

[0178] Light and temperature: Maintain appropriate light and temperature (such as a warm and diffused light environment) and adjust environmental conditions regularly.

[0179] Humidity control: Keep the substrate moist, but avoid overwatering and make sure there is no water accumulation at the base of the cuttings.

[0180] Observation and recording: Regularly observe the rooting of the cuttings, record the rooting time, number of roots, and root quality, etc. The results are as follows:

[0181] The experiment records the rooting time of the cuttings at the beginning, and records the root quantity, root quality, and root length of the root system on the 30th day after cutting. Tables 3-6 are the rooting conditions of Example 3 and the control groups of Comparative Examples 3.1 and 3.2.

[0182] Table 3 shows the rooting conditions of Example 3

[0183]

[0184]

[0185] Table 4 Rooting situation of comparative example 3.1

[0186]

[0187] Table 5 Rooting situation of comparative example 3.2

[0188]

[0189]

[0190] Table 6 Rooting situation of control group

[0191]

[0192]

[0193] Therefore, the present application provides a method for transplanting ancient trees. The transplantation technology of steel boxes can protect the root system to the maximum extent, retain the soil ball and crown width as much as possible, and has a great effect on improving the survival rate of transplantation; the wound treatment method can effectively avoid tree infection and promote wound healing.

[0194] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an experimental example", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the experimental example or example are included in at least one experimental example or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same experimental example or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more experimental examples or examples in a suitable manner.

[0195] Finally, it should be noted that the above experimental examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred experimental examples, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for transplanting ancient trees, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: Collect basic data of ancient and famous trees; mark the location of ancient and famous trees, and conduct tree and root system inspection; Step 2: Prune and shape the branches and apply wound healing agent; Step 3: Spray the whole tree with transpiration inhibitor; Step 4: Root removal before transplantation. Root removal should be done 6 months before transplantation. According to the test results of the ancient tree root system, the soil ball specifications should be set. Excavation should be carried out by combining layered excavation with an excavator and manual excavation layer by layer. During the excavation process, avoid damaging the roots that need to be retained. For roots with a diameter greater than 3 cm that need to be cut off, cut them off and flatten them with a hand saw, and apply a wound healing agent. After excavation and shaping, spray a special fungicide on the roots. For roots with a diameter less than 1 cm, use pruning shears to cut them flat, and use a sprayer to spray the wound with liquid to sterilize and disinfect it, promote wound healing and root germination. After excavation, use a root control device to dig along a 20 cm distance from the edge of the soil ball. The position is around the soil ball, and the height of the root controller is higher than the soil ball. Then, a mixture of ancient tree and famous tree rejuvenation matrix, perlite, and original soil is added to the gap between the root controller and the soil ball, and it is filled to the same level as the upper part of the soil ball. The outside of the root controller is tied and fixed with a strap, and the outside of the wrapped soil ball is backfilled with original soil to the same level as the upper part of the soil ball. A drainage channel is left at the bottom of the backfilled soil to avoid water accumulation in the soil ball; then 30% oxadiazine diluted 1500 times, 40% indolebutyric acid diluted 3000 times, and 10% naphthaleneacetic acid diluted 3000 times are used, and the diluted agents are mixed in a ratio of 1:1.5:1, and the backfilled soil ball is fully irrigated; Step 5: Use iron rope traction and steel pipe support to stabilize the tree; Step 6: Carry out water management, nutrition management, and pest and disease control during the root removal period; Step 7: After selecting the transplanting site, dig and process the planting hole; Step 8: Fix the soil ball with steel box; Step nine: After the trunk is protected, it is hoisted, loaded, transported, planted, and the tree is stabilized with iron cables. Then a shade net is built, a sprinkler system is installed, and the planted ancient trees are maintained and managed.

2. The ancient tree transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, the basic data collected on ancient and famous trees include tree height, crown width, breast diameter, longitude and latitude of the original habitat, tree species, and tree age; the step of detecting the ancient trees is to use the PICUS3 tree tomography diagnostic instrument to detect the internal cavities of the ancient and famous trees; the method of root system detection is to use the TRU tree radar detection system to detect the root distribution of ancient and famous trees, including the depth of root growth, the number of roots, the growth width of the root system, and the thickness of the root system.

3. The ancient tree transplanting method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, the wound healing agent includes 70% agricultural streptomycin sulfate diluted 800 times, 70% difenoconazole diluted 3000 times, and 90% sodium nitrophenolate diluted 3000 times, and the three are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:

1.

4. The ancient tree transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil ball in step 4 is in the shape of an inverted cone that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom. The diameter of the soil ball is not less than 6-8 times the diameter of the trunk. The soil ball is biased towards the side with living roots. At least one large root or main root is retained on each side of the root system, which is retained until the transplantation construction and then cut off; The rejuvenation matrix in step 4 includes 20 parts of peanut bran, 10 parts of tea bran, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of earthworm castings, 10 parts of wood ash, 10 parts of rice husks, 10 parts of straw, 10 parts of green branches and leaves, 8 parts of peat soil, 1 part of humic acid, 0.5 parts of loose soil essence, 0.1 parts of 20 billion / g yeast, 0.2 parts of 1.2 billion / g lactic acid bacteria, and 0.2 parts of 20 billion / g Bacillus subtilis.

5. The ancient tree transplanting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step five, the specific steps of using iron cable traction and steel pipe support to stabilize the tree body are to use a combination of iron cable traction and steel pipe support to stabilize the tree body of the ancient trees according to the center of gravity of the ancient trees after pruning and root cutting, so as to avoid the risk of lodging after root cutting. The method of iron cable traction is to nail a wooden board on the trunk as a stress point in the middle and upper part of the trunk, and then use iron plates to make a semicircular iron plate. Two iron plates form an iron ring in a circle. Four iron buckles are welded outside the iron ring. The iron ring is firmly fixed on the wooden board. The iron buckles are connected to the iron cable. The other end of the iron cable is welded to the channel steel. Use an excavator to drive the channel steel into the ground at least 2m to fix and pull the weight of the tree. There are a total of 4 iron cables, which are evenly distributed around the tree. The method of steel pipe support is to find the support point of the tree, first dig a concrete support pit with a depth of 1.5m-2m, a width of 1m, and a length of 1m on the side where the support is required, then pour concrete flush with the ground, and insert a nut with a length of 50-100cm and a diameter of 2cm before the concrete dries, exposing the end with the screw by 5-10cm to form a support base. The upper and middle parts of the tree trunk where the center of gravity of the tree deviates from the direction are used as the support force point, and a galvanized pipe of φ110mm-160mm is used as the support body. A "U"-shaped iron plate is welded on the top, and tire rubber is used as a cushion layer in the concave part of the "U"-shaped iron plate to protect the bark from damage. Close to the trunk support force point, a flange is welded at the bottom of the support, and the flange is directly connected to the nut on the support base and fixed with bolts.

6. The ancient tree transplantation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the soil moisture during water management is 60%-80%.

7. The ancient tree transplantation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step seven, the steps for excavating and treating the planting hole are as follows: the width of the planting hole is 1m-1.5m wider than the soil ball on each side, and the depth is consistent with the thickness of the soil ball. The bottom of the planting hole is shaped like an inverted pot bottom, which is compacted with an excavator, and then a drainage channel is excavated; a 1:1 mixture of coarse sand and gravel is used as a base material at the bottom of the planting hole with a thickness of 30cm to enhance the water permeability and air permeability of the roots, and then a 1000-fold solution of carbendazim, a 1000-fold solution of sinovac biosporin, and a 1000-fold solution of avermectin in a mass ratio of 1:1:1 is used to fully spray the planting hole for sterilization, disinfection and insecticide.

8. The ancient tree transplanting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in step eight, the step of fixing the soil ball with a steel plate box is: 8.1 Six months after root removal, use an excavator to clear the soil covering the root controller to open up a site for large machinery and geotechnical drilling rigs to operate; 8.2 Install wooden boards and weld steel frames. Use wooden boards to fit around the root controller. Then use channel steel and I-beams to weld each side of the frame into a steel frame. The surrounding steel frames are close to the wooden boards and welded together to form a quadrilateral steel frame with a larger top and a smaller bottom. Use iron cables to tighten the upper part of the frame inward to bear the force. 8.3 Use a geotechnical drill to drill holes at the bottom of the soil ball until the drill penetrates. After removing the drill bit, insert a φ110cm steel pipe, and then continue drilling holes next to the steel pipe. Repeat this operation until the entire bottom of the soil ball is covered with steel pipes. Then weld the steel pipes to the channel steel, lay two large I-beams on both sides of the bottom of the steel pipe and weld them to the steel pipe.

Images