Underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of farmland irrigation equipment, in particular to an underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation, which comprises the following construction steps: S110, excavating a farmland foundation pit; s120, a waterproof plastic film is laid; s130, a stone layer is laid; s140, coarse sand seam filling is conducted on the stone layer; s150, a fine sand leveling layer is laid; s160, restoring a soil surface layer; and S170, a motor-pumped well communicated with the stone layer is excavated on the edge of the farmland. The method has the advantages that irrigation is performed from an underground stone layer, a pipe does not need to be pulled, crops can absorb water more easily from the roots, water in a reservoir can be used for self-flowing irrigation, electricity is not needed, energy is saved, water evaporation and consumption are reduced, the crack and scabbing phenomena of traditional farmland ground irrigation are avoided, irrigation water can be reserved, and the irrigation efficiency is improved. The stone layer with the substrate is used for being matched with the communicated motor-pumped well to detain redundant irrigation water, the irrigation water which is not absorbed by plant roots can be stored, long-time water supplementing irrigation is achieved, and the problem of irrigation water waste is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of farmland irrigation equipment, and in particular to an underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation. Background Art

[0002] Farmland irrigation provides sufficient water for the growth of crops, ensuring their healthy growth, thereby promoting the increase of crop yield and quality. By ensuring the good growth of crops, farmland irrigation helps to increase farmers' income. At the same time, farmland irrigation projects play an important role in domestic drinking water safety, flood drainage, soil and water conservation, etc. It can improve soil water quality, reduce the damage to the environment caused by drought, floods and soil erosion, maintain ecological balance, achieve sustainable development of agriculture, reduce the adverse effects of disaster weather on agricultural development, create good production conditions for agriculture, and improve the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.

[0003] However, current farmland irrigation mostly adopts the form of surface drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation. The irrigation pipelines are manually laid and need to be pulled, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In addition, the irrigation water first enters the surface layer and is affected by water evaporation, resulting in a large amount of irrigation water being wasted. After ground irrigation, there are still problems of soil compaction and cracks. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underground irrigation method based on water-saving irrigation for farmland in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The preferred technical solution among the many technical solutions provided by the present invention has the following characteristics: irrigation is carried out from the underground gravel layer, no pull pipe is required, so that crops can absorb water more easily from the roots, and the problem of water evaporation and waste is reduced. The above-mentioned ground cracks and scabs will not occur. It can be installed once and used for a long time without affecting the work of farming, harvesting, fertilizing and weeding, and can achieve the purpose of long-term benefits. See the following description for details.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation, which comprises the following construction steps:

[0007] S110, excavation of farmland foundation pit;

[0008] S120, laying waterproof plastic film;

[0009] S130, laying a gravel layer;

[0010] S140, gravel layer with coarse sand filling;

[0011] S150, laying fine sand leveling layer;

[0012] S160, soil surface restoration;

[0013] S170, a machine-driven well connected to the gravel layer is excavated at the edge of the farmland.

[0014] Preferably, in step S110, soil nail wall protection enclosures and warning signs are set up on the edge of the transformed farmland, and the excavation depth of the foundation pit is 1.5m.

[0015] Preferably, in step S120, the waterproof plastic film is made of polyethylene, and is laid by horizontally unfolding the rolled plastic film.

[0016] Preferably, in step S120, polyethylene glue of the same composition is used to overlap and bond adjacent plastic film seams to form a stone layer substrate of an integrated structure.

[0017] Preferably, the step S130 includes the following operations:

[0018] Operation S131, using stones with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm and unloading them inside the farmland foundation pit;

[0019] Operation S132: Use a bulldozer to flatten the gravel pile, and use a flat plate vibrator to compact the gravel layer;

[0020] Operation S133: level the gravel layer according to the area of ​​the waterproof plastic film and ensure that the thickness of the gravel layer is 60 cm.

[0021] Preferably, the step S140 includes the following operations:

[0022] Operation S141, determine the edge position of the gravel layer, pour the coarse sand for filling onto the surface of the gravel layer, and the coarse sand has a fineness modulus of 3.2-3.6 and an average particle size of 0.5 mm;

[0023] Operation S142: Arrange enclosure partitions on the four sides of the gravel layer with a height not lower than the surface of the gravel layer;

[0024] Operation S143, injecting water to flush the coarse sand into the gaps of the gravel layer, blocking the loss of the coarse sand through the enclosure baffle, and forming a filling layer in the gravel layer with the coarse sand.

[0025] Preferably, in step S150, fine sand with a fineness modulus of 1.8-2.0 and an average particle size of 0.3 mm is laid on the surface of the gravel layer, and the thickness of the fine sand leveling layer is 10 cm.

[0026] Preferably, in step S160, the soil surface layer is laid with a thickness of 50-80 cm, and a bulldozer is used to level and compact the soil layer.

[0027] Preferably, the step S170 includes the following operations:

[0028] Operation S171: Measure and lay out lines at intervals of 100m along the edge of the farmland, and mark the well locations, depths, and diameters;

[0029] Operation S172: excavate a well pit using a well drilling machine and a mud pump according to the excavation position mark, and pump mud to the soil surface to infiltrate the soil;

[0030] Operation S173, setting reinforced concrete well wall support in the well pit side wall area, and pouring concrete to form a fixed well wall pipe;

[0031] Operation S174: backfill gravel layer by layer on the outside of the wellbore pipe, with each layer of gravel being no thicker than 1 m, and each layer of gravel backfilling being compacted layer by layer by machinery;

[0032] Operation S175: dig a water supply pipeline at the junction of the fixed well wall pipe and the gravel layer, and arrange a water pump at the bottom of the machine well, and the water pump is connected to the gravel layer along the water supply pipeline.

[0033] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Irrigation is carried out from the underground gravel layer without the need for a pull pipe, so that crops can more easily absorb water from the roots, and water from the reservoir can be used for gravity irrigation without the need for electricity, thus saving energy, reducing the problem of water evaporation and consumption, and will not produce the crack scab phenomenon of traditional farmland ground irrigation;

[0034] 2. It can retain irrigation water. The stone layer with substrate and the connected well can be used to retain excess irrigation water. The irrigation water not absorbed by the plant roots can be preserved, so as to achieve long-term irrigation and reduce the problem of irrigation water waste.

[0035] 3. Once installed, it can be used for a long time without affecting tillage, harvesting, fertilization and weeding. At the same time, it improves the supporting effect of farmland on agricultural machinery and improves the indentation problem of agricultural machinery on traditional farmland, so as to achieve the purpose of long-term benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the operating steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention provides an underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation. Figure 1 , including the following construction steps:

[0040] The construction steps include:

[0041] S110. Excavate the farmland foundation pit, set up soil nail wall protection enclosure and warning signs on the edge of the transformed farmland, and the excavation depth of the foundation pit is 1.5m. Specifically, during the excavation process, pay attention to the stability of the slope of the foundation pit to prevent collapse. According to the soil conditions and excavation depth, control the excavation speed accordingly. If the soil is poor, take slope support measures, set up soil nail walls and anchor rods. At the same time, do a good job of drainage around the foundation pit to prevent rainwater from flowing into the foundation pit, soaking the slope and causing collapse;

[0042] After the excavation of the foundation pit is completed, the bottom of the foundation pit should be leveled to ensure that there are no hidden dangers such as cavities and hidden ditches at the bottom of the foundation pit, laying the foundation for the subsequent laying of waterproof plastic film.

[0043] S120. Lay waterproof plastic film, which is made of polyethylene to ensure that it has sufficient strength and chemical corrosion resistance. The laying method adopts the horizontal unfolding method of rolled plastic film to lay the entire plastic film at the bottom of the foundation pit to avoid wrinkles and damage during the unfolding process. The adjacent plastic film joints are overlapped and bonded with polyethylene glue of the same composition to form a stone layer substrate with an integrated structure to improve the isolation effect of the substrate. The waterproof plastic film detection method can adopt water injection detection to check its damage-free effect. The substrate can retain rainwater, irrigation water, and dissolved additives (fertilizers, pesticides) in the root area of ​​crops to prevent loss;

[0044] S130, laying the gravel layer, specifically including the following operations:

[0045] Operation S131, using stones with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm and unloading them inside the farmland foundation pit. When selecting stones, ensure that the mud content is no more than 5%;

[0046] Operation S132: Use a bulldozer to flatten the gravel pile, and use a flat plate vibrator to compact the gravel layer. During the operation, start from one end of the gravel layer and gradually move to the other end to ensure that the entire gravel layer is fully vibrated and flattened;

[0047] Operation S133: level the gravel layer according to the area of ​​the waterproof plastic film, and ensure that the gravel layer is 60 cm thick, so as to increase the structural strength of the farmland soil layer by using the gravel layer, and reduce the pressure settlement problem of the ground surface when the soil layer subsequently supports the work of large agricultural machinery, thereby improving the supporting effect;

[0048] S140, gravel layer coarse sand filling, specifically including the following operations:

[0049] Operation S141, determine the edge position of the gravel layer, pour the coarse sand for filling onto the surface of the gravel layer, and the coarse sand has a fineness modulus of 3.2-3.6 and an average particle size of 0.5 mm;

[0050] Operation S142: Arrange enclosure baffles at the four sides of the gravel layer with a height not lower than the surface of the gravel layer to prevent coarse sand from being lost along the gaps at the edge of the gravel layer;

[0051] Operation S143, injecting water to flush the coarse sand into the gaps of the gravel layer, blocking the loss of the coarse sand through the enclosure baffle, and forming a filling layer in the gravel layer with the coarse sand to improve the stability of the gravel layer and prevent the gravel from moving;

[0052] S150, lay a fine sand leveling layer, with a fineness modulus of 1.8-2.0 and an average particle size of 0.3mm on the surface of the gravel layer, and the thickness of the fine sand leveling layer is 10cm to support the subsequent backfilling of the surface soil;

[0053] S160, the soil surface is restored, the soil surface is laid with a thickness of 50-80cm, and a bulldozer is used to level and compact the soil layer;

[0054] S170: Excavation of a well connected to the gravel layer at the edge of the farmland, including the following operations:

[0055] Operation S171: Measure and lay out lines at intervals of 100m along the edge of the farmland, mark the well positions, depths and diameters, and ensure that the distance between adjacent wells is 100m;

[0056] Operation S172: excavate a well pit using a well drilling machine and a mud pump according to the excavation position mark, and pump mud to the soil surface to infiltrate the soil, thereby solving the problem of subsequent excavation soil treatment, and also infiltrating and humidifying the surface soil of the farmland to solve the problem of draining mud water from the well drilling;

[0057] Operation S173: setting reinforced concrete shaft wall support in the side wall area of ​​the shaft pit, and pouring concrete to form a fixed shaft wall pipe to prevent the shaft wall from collapsing and improve the structural strength of the shaft wall;

[0058] Operation S174: backfill gravel layer by layer on the outside of the wellbore pipe, with each layer of gravel being no thicker than 1 m, and each layer of gravel backfilling being compacted layer by layer by a machine, so that gravel with good water permeability is selected as the outer backfill material of the wellbore to ensure the stability of the external support of the pumped well;

[0059] Operation S175, dig a water supply pipe at the junction of the fixed well wall pipe and the gravel layer, lay a water pump at the bottom of the machine well, and connect the water pump to the gravel layer along the water supply pipe. When it is necessary to inject water into the gravel layer to irrigate farmland crops, directly use the water pump to inject water into the gravel layer along the water supply pipe. The water continuously flows into the gravel layer, penetrates upward, and is kept in the gravel layer and the fine sand layer above by the waterproof plastic film below. The crop roots absorb water from below to achieve the water replenishment irrigation effect.

[0060] By adopting the above construction method, irrigation is carried out from the underground gravel layer, and no pull pipe is needed, so that crops can absorb water more easily from the roots. Water from the reservoir can be used for gravity irrigation, and no electricity is needed, which saves energy, reduces the problem of water evaporation and consumption, and does not produce the crack scab phenomenon of traditional farmland ground irrigation;

[0061] It can retain irrigation water. The stone layer with substrate and the connected well can be used to retain excess irrigation water. The irrigation water not absorbed by the plant roots can be preserved, so as to achieve long-term water replenishment irrigation and reduce the problem of irrigation water waste.

[0062] It can be installed once and used for a long time without affecting tillage, harvesting, fertilization and weeding. At the same time, it improves the supporting effect of farmland on agricultural machinery and improves the indentation problem of agricultural machinery on traditional farmland, so as to achieve the purpose of long-term benefits.

[0063] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation, characterized in that: The construction steps include: S110, excavation of farmland foundation pit; S120, laying waterproof plastic film; S130, laying a gravel layer; S140, gravel layer with coarse sand filling; S150, laying fine sand leveling layer; S160, soil surface restoration; S170, a machine-driven well connected to the gravel layer is excavated at the edge of the farmland.

2. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S110, soil nail wall protection enclosures and warning signs are set up on the edge of the transformed farmland, and the excavation depth of the foundation pit is 1.5m.

3. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S120, the waterproof plastic film is made of polyethylene, and the laying method adopts the method of laying the rolled plastic film in a horizontal unfolding manner.

4. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S120, polyethylene glue with the same composition is used to overlap and bond adjacent plastic film joints to form a stone layer substrate with an integrated structure.

5. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S130 includes the following operations: Operation S131, using stones with a diameter of 2 to 4 cm and unloading them inside the farmland foundation pit; Operation S132: Use a bulldozer to flatten the gravel pile, and use a flat plate vibrator to compact the gravel layer; Operation S133: level the gravel layer according to the area of ​​the waterproof plastic film and ensure that the thickness of the gravel layer is 60 cm.

6. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S140 includes the following operations: Operation S141, determine the edge position of the gravel layer, pour the coarse sand for filling onto the surface of the gravel layer, and the coarse sand has a fineness modulus of 3.2-3.6 and an average particle size of 0.5 mm; Operation S142: Arrange enclosure partitions on the four sides of the gravel layer with a height not lower than the surface of the gravel layer; Operation S143, injecting water to flush the coarse sand into the gaps of the gravel layer, blocking the loss of the coarse sand through the enclosure baffle, and forming a filling layer in the gravel layer with the coarse sand.

7. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S150, fine sand with a fineness modulus of 1.8-2.0 and an average particle size of 0.3 mm is laid on the surface of the gravel layer, and the thickness of the fine sand leveling layer is 10 cm.

8. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S160, the soil surface layer is laid with a thickness of 50-80 cm, and a bulldozer is used to level and compact the soil layer.

9. The underground irrigation method based on farmland water-saving irrigation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S170 includes the following operations: Operation S171: Measure and lay out lines at intervals of 100m along the edge of the farmland, and mark the well locations, depths, and diameters; Operation S172: excavate a well pit using a well drilling machine and a mud pump according to the excavation position mark, and pump mud to the soil surface to infiltrate the soil; Operation S173, setting reinforced concrete well wall support in the well pit side wall area, and pouring concrete to form a fixed well wall pipe; Operation S174: backfill gravel layer by layer on the outside of the wellbore pipe, with each layer of gravel being no thicker than 1 m, and each layer of gravel backfilling being compacted layer by layer by machinery; Operation S175: dig a water supply pipeline at the junction of the fixed well wall pipe and the gravel layer, and arrange a water pump at the bottom of the machine well, and the water pump is connected to the gravel layer along the water supply pipeline.

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