Natural plant composite anesthetic for aquatic products and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural plant composite anesthetic for aquatic products and application of the natural plant composite anesthetic. The anesthetic is formed by compounding a peanut leaf extract and a cinnamon extract. The anesthetic not only has the characteristics of quick effect taking and high safety, but also is environment-friendly, can reduce the residual risk possibly caused by the traditional chemical anesthetic, and is beneficial to improving the survival rate and the transportation efficiency of aquatic products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular relates to a natural plant-derived anesthetic for aquatic products, especially crustaceans, and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's aquaculture industry, the demand for aquatic products, especially crustaceans such as Procambarus clarkii (crayfish), is growing. However, during the breeding and transportation process, the survival rate of crustaceans is often threatened due to environmental factors. During transportation, crustaceans often face stress reactions, such as long-term bumps, temperature changes, hypoxia, etc. These problems not only affect their survival rate, but also may cause their quality to deteriorate. Therefore, how to reduce the stress response of crustaceans during transportation and improve their survival rate has always been the focus of aquaculture operators.

[0003] At present, the methods for keeping aquatic products alive mainly include low temperature keeping alive method, oxygenation keeping alive method, chemical reagent anesthesia keeping alive method, etc. Among them, chemical reagent anesthesia keeping alive method is easy to operate and has been widely studied in the transportation and keeping alive application of crustaceans. Existing data show that chemical anesthetics such as ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate (MS-222) have a weak anesthetic effect on Procambarus clarkii, while ether, clove oil solution and other anesthetic effects are too strong, safety is difficult to control, and obvious side effects are prone to occur, thus affecting the health of aquatic products. In addition, if chemical anesthetics are used improperly, chain risks will occur: on the one hand, the chemical drugs remaining in aquatic products may cause potential harm to human health and pose safety risks. On the other hand, the use of chemical anesthetics will also have adverse effects on water quality, thereby affecting the ecological environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the safety issues of traditional chemical anesthesia, it is particularly important to find a safe and effective new anesthesia survival method.

[0005] Peanut leaves are a common agricultural byproduct. They are recorded in ancient books such as "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica" and "Chinese Medicine Dictionary" and have sedative and hypnotic effects. Peanut leaf extract has the advantages of low toxicity and side effects in the treatment of diseases such as insomnia, and is low-cost and easy to obtain. Cinnamon is a plant that can be used as both medicine and food. Its dried bark is rich in cinnamaldehyde, which has anti-excitement and analgesic effects. Cinnamon not only has medicinal value, but can also be used as a natural plant anesthetic, which helps to reduce the metabolic rate of aquatic products during transportation, maintain water quality, and increase survival rate.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture with peanut leaves and cinnamon as main components, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a natural plant compound anesthetic for aquaculture is provided, wherein the anesthetic is compounded from peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0008] In a specific case, the anesthetic is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0009] Preferably, the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract are compounded in a volume ratio of (1-2):(1-2).

[0010] Specifically, the preparation method of the peanut leaf extract is:

[0011] (1) Raw material pretreatment: The peanut leaves are cleaned and dried; the dried peanut leaves are ground into powder, and sieved through a 50-80 mesh sieve, and the sieved material is reserved;

[0012] (2) Extraction process:

[0013] S1: Put peanut leaf powder into an extraction tank, perform supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2), and collect the extract through a separation kettle;

[0014] S2: The residue after SC-CO2 extraction is further subjected to microwave-assisted extraction, choline chloride-ethylene glycol is added to the extraction tank as a modifier, and the extract is collected again through a separation kettle;

[0015] S3: The extracts obtained in S1 and S2 are combined to obtain peanut leaf extract.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 20 MPa, the temperature is set to 45°C, the CO2 flow rate is maintained at 40 kg / h, and the extraction is performed for 120 minutes.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the pulse frequency is set to 20 kHz and the duty cycle is set to 1:2; the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 25 MPa, the temperature is set to 50° C., and the extraction time is set to 90 minutes.

[0018] Specifically, the preparation method of the cinnamon extract is:

[0019] (1) Raw material pretreatment: clean and dry the cinnamon; grind the dried cinnamon into powder, and sieve it through a 50-80 mesh sieve, and set aside the sieved material;

[0020] (2) Extraction process:

[0021] T1: cinnamon powder is placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2), and the extract is collected by a separation kettle;

[0022] T2: The residue after SC-CO2 extraction is further subjected to microwave-assisted extraction, choline chloride-ethylene glycol is added to the extraction tank as a modifier, and the extract is collected again through a separation kettle;

[0023] T3: The extracts obtained in T1 and T2 were combined to obtain a cinnamon extract.

[0024] Preferably, in step T1, the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 20 MPa, the temperature is set to 35° C., the CO2 flow rate is maintained at 40 kg / h, and the extraction is performed for 120 minutes.

[0025] Preferably, in step T2, the pulse frequency is set to 20 kHz and the duty cycle is set to 1:2; the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 25 MPa, the temperature is set to 40° C., and the extraction time is set to 90 minutes.

[0026] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the natural plant composite anesthetic for aquatic products according to the first aspect of the present invention in the production and transportation of aquatic products, especially crustaceans, such as Procambarus clarkii (crayfish). Specifically, the anesthetic is mixed into the aquaculture water, and the concentration of the anesthetic in the aquaculture water is preferably 2g / L-10g / L.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] 1. Safe and effective anesthesia to improve animal welfare

[0029] (1) Specific innovation: The present invention provides a natural plant-derived anesthetic for aquatic products, especially crustaceans. The anesthetic can achieve safe and effective anesthesia without affecting the quality of aquatic products, thereby improving the welfare of animals.

[0030] (2) Problem to be solved: The safety of traditional chemical anesthetics used on crustaceans is difficult to control and may produce toxic residues. The natural plant composite anesthetic of the present invention is quick to take effect and easy to recover, making it particularly suitable for use in the production process of aquatic products.

[0031] 2. Natural ingredients, environmentally friendly

[0032] (1) Specific innovation: The present invention utilizes the effective ingredients of two natural plants, peanut leaves and cinnamon, to prepare a compound anesthetic, which replaces traditional chemical anesthetics and is more environmentally friendly and safer.

[0033] (2) Problems solved: It avoids the toxic side effects that may be caused by chemical reagents, solves the environmental pollution and food safety problems that may be caused by chemical reagents, and at the same time has a positive impact on the water quality of aquaculture water bodies, helping to maintain the ecological balance of water bodies.

[0034] 3. Compound formula, stronger effect

[0035] (1) Specific innovation: The anesthetic effect of a single prescription is limited. Peanut leaf and cinnamon extract are compounded in a certain proportion to prepare a composite anesthetic, which has a better anesthetic effect.

[0036] (2) Problem to be solved: By utilizing the complementary and synergistic effects of peanut leaves and cinnamon in anesthesia and sedation, a composite formula was prepared to achieve better anesthetic effects.

[0037] 4. Multiple extractions, higher efficiency

[0038] (1) Specific innovation: The present invention adopts a combination of supercritical fluid extraction, microwave-assisted supercritical fluid extraction and other technologies to ensure high extraction efficiency.

[0039] (2) Problem solved: Traditional single extraction technology may lead to incomplete extraction of effective ingredients. The combined extraction method of the present invention overcomes this limitation and extracts effective ingredients to the maximum extent.

[0040] 5. Strong scalability and applicable to multiple scenarios

[0041] (1) Specific innovation: The composite anesthetic of the present invention is not only suitable for crustaceans, but can also be extended to the transportation and survival of other aquatic animals, such as fish, shellfish, etc., as well as scientific experimental research.

[0042] (2) Problem to be solved: Single-purpose anesthetics limit their scope of application, while the composite anesthetic of the present invention has a wide range of applicability and can be used in anesthesia of various aquatic animals in production and transportation as well as in anesthesia of experimental animals.

[0043] 6. Wide concentration range, more flexible to use

[0044] (1) Specific innovation: The present invention provides a wide range of application concentrations, such as 2 g / L to 10 g / L. Users can choose according to different application scenarios, and the use is more flexible.

[0045] (2) Problem to be solved: Too high a concentration will lead to waste, while too low a concentration will not achieve the expected effect. The present invention provides a selectable concentration range to ensure the best application effect in multiple scenarios.

[0046] In summary, the present invention provides a safe and efficient natural plant-derived anesthetic and a preparation method thereof. Through an innovative composite formula, efficient extraction technology, and flexible application methods, it not only achieves safe and effective animal anesthesia, but also ensures good food safety and environmental friendliness. It has a wide range of application scenarios in related fields such as aquatic product production and transportation and experimental research. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0049] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is:

[0050] (1) Peanut leaf pretreatment

[0051] Peanut leaves were collected from Linyi, Shandong, and washed to remove impurities; the peanut leaves were placed in a ventilated and dry place to dry or dried using a drying device (temperature not exceeding 50° C.); the dried peanut leaves were ground into powder, and sieved through a 50-80 mesh sieve to obtain the sieved material, which was refrigerated at 4° C. for later use.

[0052] (2) Cinnamon pretreatment

[0053] Wash the cinnamon and remove impurities; place the cinnamon in a ventilated and dry place to air dry or use a drying device (temperature not exceeding 50° C.) to dry; grind the dried cinnamon into powder, and sieve through a 50-80 mesh sieve to obtain the sieved material, and refrigerate it at 4° C. for later use.

[0054] (3) Preparation of peanut leaf extract

[0055] S1: Peanut leaf powder was placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2). The pressure of the extraction tank was set to 20 MPa and the temperature was set to 45°C, the CO2 flow rate was maintained at 40 kg / h, the extraction was performed for 120 minutes, and the extract was collected by a separation kettle (pressure 6 MPa, temperature 35°C).

[0056] S2: Continue to perform microwave-assisted extraction on the residue after SC-CO2 extraction. Add 4% (mass ratio) of choline chloride-ethylene glycol (mixed in a molar ratio of 1:5) as a modifier to the extraction tank. Set the pulse frequency to 20kHz and the duty cycle to 1:2 (working for 6 seconds and resting for 12 seconds). Set the pressure of the extraction tank to 25MPa, the temperature to 50°C, and the extraction time to 90 minutes. Collect the extract again through the separation kettle (pressure 6MPa, temperature 35°C).

[0057] S3: The extracts obtained in S1 and S2 are combined to obtain peanut leaf extract.

[0058] (4) Preparation of cinnamon extract

[0059] T1: Cinnamon powder was placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2). The pressure of the extraction tank was set to 20 MPa and the temperature was set to 35°C, the CO2 flow rate was maintained at 40 kg / h, the extraction was performed for 120 minutes, and the extract was collected by a separation kettle (pressure 6 MPa, temperature 30°C).

[0060] T2: Continue to perform microwave-assisted extraction on the residue after SC-CO2 extraction. Add 4% (mass ratio) of choline chloride-ethylene glycol (mixed in a molar ratio of 1:5) as a modifier to the extraction tank. Set the pulse frequency to 20kHz and the duty cycle to 1:2 (6 seconds on, 12 seconds off). Set the pressure of the extraction tank to 25MPa, the temperature to 40°C, and the extraction time to 90 minutes. Collect the extract again through the separation kettle (pressure 6MPa, temperature 30°C),

[0061] T3: The extracts obtained in T1 and T2 were combined to obtain a cinnamon extract.

[0062] (5) Preparation of compound anesthetics

[0063] The peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract were mixed in a volume ratio of 4:1, stirred evenly, to prepare a composite anesthetic, and refrigerated at 4°C for later use.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0066] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 3:1.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0069] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 2:1.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0072] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0075] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 1:2.

[0076] Example 6

[0077] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0078] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 1:3.

[0079] Example 7

[0080] This embodiment provides an anesthetic, which is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

[0081] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is basically the same as that of Example 1, the only difference being the preparation of the composite solution in step (5): mixing the peanut leaf extract and the cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 1:4.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] This control example provides an anesthetic comprising only peanut leaf extract.

[0084] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is:

[0085] (1) Peanut leaf pretreatment

[0086] Peanut leaves were collected from Linyi, Shandong, and washed to remove impurities; the peanut leaves were placed in a ventilated and dry place to dry or dried using a drying device (temperature not exceeding 50° C.); the dried peanut leaves were ground into powder, and sieved through a 50-80 mesh sieve to obtain the sieved material, which was refrigerated at 4° C. for later use.

[0087] (2) Preparation of peanut leaf extract

[0088] S1: Peanut leaf powder was placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2). The pressure of the extraction tank was set to 20 MPa and the temperature was set to 45°C, the CO2 flow rate was maintained at 40 kg / h, the extraction was performed for 120 minutes, and the extract was collected by a separation kettle (pressure 6 MPa, temperature 35°C).

[0089] S2: Continue to perform microwave-assisted extraction on the residue after SC-CO2 extraction. Add 4% (mass ratio) of choline chloride-ethylene glycol (mixed in a molar ratio of 1:5) as a modifier to the extraction tank. Set the pulse frequency to 20kHz and the duty cycle to 1:2 (working for 6 seconds and resting for 12 seconds). Set the pressure of the extraction tank to 25MPa, the temperature to 50°C, and the extraction time to 90 minutes. Collect the extract again through the separation kettle (pressure 6MPa, temperature 35°C).

[0090] S3: The extracts obtained in S1 and S2 are combined to obtain peanut leaf extract.

[0091] Comparative Example 2

[0092] This control example provides an anesthetic agent comprising only cinnamon extract.

[0093] The preparation method of the above anesthetic is:

[0094] (1) Cinnamon pretreatment

[0095] Wash the cinnamon and remove impurities; place the cinnamon in a ventilated and dry place to air dry or use a drying device (temperature not exceeding 50° C.) to dry; grind the dried cinnamon into powder, and sieve through a 50-80 mesh sieve to obtain the sieved material, and refrigerate it at 4° C. for later use.

[0096] (2) Preparation of cinnamon extract

[0097] T1: Cinnamon powder was placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2). The pressure of the extraction tank was set to 20 MPa and the temperature was set to 35°C, the CO2 flow rate was maintained at 40 kg / h, the extraction was performed for 120 minutes, and the extract was collected by a separation kettle (pressure 6 MPa, temperature 30°C).

[0098] T2: Continue to perform microwave-assisted extraction on the residue after SC-CO2 extraction. Add 4% (mass ratio) of choline chloride-ethylene glycol (mixed in a molar ratio of 1:5) as a modifier to the extraction tank. Set the pulse frequency to 20kHz and the duty cycle to 1:2 (6 seconds on, 12 seconds off). Set the pressure of the extraction tank to 25MPa, the temperature to 40°C, and the extraction time to 90 minutes. Collect the extract again through the separation kettle (pressure 6MPa, temperature 30°C),

[0099] T3: The extracts obtained in T1 and T2 were combined to obtain a cinnamon extract.

[0100] Comparative Example 3

[0101] No peanut leaves and cinnamon ingredients were added, and only distilled water was used as the blank control group.

[0102] Anesthesia experiments were conducted on the above 7 groups of examples and 3 groups of control examples. The experimental subjects were adult Procambarus clarkii crayfish. Before the experiment, the crayfish were temporarily cultured for 24 hours.

[0103] The experimental method is as follows: a total of 10 glass tanks are set, corresponding to 7 embodiments and 3 control examples, each tank contains 10L of tap water after illumination and aeration, and 16 crayfish are put in, the water submerges the back of the crayfish, and the water temperature is maintained at 25°C. 5g of the anesthetic prepared in the corresponding embodiment or control example is added respectively, and only tap water is added to the control example 3, and the anesthesia state of the crayfish is recorded at 10min, 20min, 30min, 1h, 1.5h and 2h respectively (A2: the swimming feet swing regularly and swim slowly after mechanical stimulation; A3: the swimming feet swing slowly and there is no obvious response to mechanical stimulation; A4: the swimming feet stop swinging and lie quietly on the bottom of the water; the degree of anesthesia from A2 to A4 gradually deepens); after 2h of anesthesia, the anesthetized crayfish is transferred to 10L tap water after illumination and aeration without anesthetic for resuscitation, and the resuscitation state (awakening state: body balance is restored and the reaction to the outside world is restored) is observed. After the anesthesia experiment, the crayfish were temporarily kept and observed for 5 days, and the mortality rate of the crayfish was recorded within 5 days.

[0104] The results are shown in Table 1. The anesthesia performance of Examples 1-7 at different time periods was better than that of Control Examples 1-3. The crayfish of the seven Examples, Control Example 1, and Control Example 2 all recovered within 10 minutes after resuscitation, and the crayfish of Blank Control Example 3 showed no anesthesia. Among them, the anesthesia effect of Examples 3-5 was better than that of Examples 1, 2, 6, and 7. At 10 minutes, all the shrimps entered the A3 anesthesia state, indicating that the effect of mixing peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract in a volume ratio of 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 was better than that of the experimental groups mixed in other ratios.

[0105] Table 1 Anesthesia status and survival rate of crayfish in 7 groups of examples and 3 groups of controls

[0106]

[0107] The above experiments show that the anesthetic effect of the composite anesthetic with peanut leaves and cinnamon as active ingredients of the present invention is better than that of the anesthetic with only peanut leaves or cinnamon as active ingredients. Peanut leaves and cinnamon have a certain synergistic effect after compounding, which can improve the anesthetic effect. Among them, the anesthetic effect of Examples 3, 4, and 5 is better than that of other examples, which is manifested in a shorter time to enter the anesthesia state.

[0108] The following is an experiment on the anesthetic effect of adult Procambarus clarkii for the anesthetic agent in Example 4. In order to reduce the effect of the size of Procambarus clarkii on the experiment, Procambarus clarkii should be selected according to the standards of similar body shape, intact, active, uniform size, and strong body. The Procambarus clarkii selected in this experiment has a weight range of 18±1g, and 16 shrimps are selected in each group.

[0109] The experimental method is as follows: a total of 8 glass tanks are set up, corresponding to different anesthetic concentrations. The crawfish is placed in a glass tank, and tap water that has been aerated and dechlorinated by sunlight is added so that the water level just submerges the back of the crawfish, and the crawfish is starved for 24 hours. The composite anesthetic prepared in Example 4 is used, and the final dilution concentrations of the test anesthetic include 0.1g / L, 0.5g / L, 1g / L, 2g / L, 5g / L, 10g / L and 100g / L. The water temperature is set to 3 different temperature environments, including 18°C, 22°C and 26°C, to simulate the different temperature environments of the crawfish production operation scene. The anesthesia time lasts for 2 hours, during which the time when the crawfish enters the A3 anesthesia state is dynamically recorded. After the anesthesia observation experiment is completed, the crawfish is placed in tap water without anesthetics, illuminated and aerated, and the crawfish awakening state is recorded. Then the crawfish is temporarily cultured for 5 days, and the crawfish mortality rate within 5 days is recorded.

[0110] The results are shown in Table 2. Under the water temperature of 18℃, when the concentration of anesthetic is 5g / L and 10g / L, crayfish can be anesthetized within 5 minutes, and can recover within 10 minutes after 2 hours of anesthesia. With the increase of the total concentration of anesthetic, the anesthesia time of crayfish is gradually shortened, and the recovery time is gradually prolonged. Subsequent breeding experiments show that the prognosis of crayfish is good, and the 5-day survival rate is 100%. Under the water temperature of 22℃ and 26℃, when the concentration of anesthetic is 10g / L, crayfish can be anesthetized within 5 minutes, and can recover within 10 minutes after 2 hours of anesthesia. Subsequent breeding experiments show that the prognosis of crayfish is good, and the 5-day survival rate is 100%. Under the concentration experiment (100g / L), crayfish died after anesthesia at a water temperature of 18℃, and the survival rate was 90%.

[0111] Table 2 Anesthetic effect and survival rate of anesthetics prepared in Example 4

[0112]

[0113] The above experiments show that the compound anesthetic of the present invention can exert good anesthetic effects under a variety of different environmental temperatures, among which the anesthetic effect under 18°C ​​is better than that under 22°C and 26°C, which is manifested in a shorter time to enter the anesthetic state. As the concentration of the anesthetic increases, the time for the crayfish to enter the anesthetic state continues to shorten. When the concentration reaches 100g / L, the survival rate decreases.

[0114] In the application experiment, the 22℃ water temperature experimental group was selected, and the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content of the aquaculture water was measured during the 5-day temporary culture after anesthesia. The rapid test paper method was used, and the detection time points were selected at 48h, 72h and 96h. The results are shown in Table 3. At different detection time points, the ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content of the anesthetic group were lower than those of the blank control group, indicating that after the crayfish was anesthetized, its impact on the aquaculture water was reduced, and the water quality was cleaner.

[0115] Table 3 Ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in crawfish culture water (mg / L)

[0116]

[0117] According to the application of the above anesthetic on crayfish, the above anesthetic is mixed into the aquaculture water, and the concentration of the anesthetic in the aquaculture water is preferably 2g / L-10g / L.

[0118] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture, characterized in that: The anesthetic is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

2. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anesthetic is compounded by peanut leaf extract and cinnamon extract.

3. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the peanut leaf extract is as follows: (1) Raw material pretreatment: The peanut leaves are cleaned and dried; the dried peanut leaves are ground into powder, and sieved through a 50-80 mesh sieve, and the sieved material is reserved; (2) Extraction process: S1: peanut leaf powder is placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2), and the extract is collected by a separation kettle; S2: The residue after SC-CO2 extraction is further subjected to microwave-assisted extraction, choline chloride-ethylene glycol is added to the extraction tank as a modifier, and the extract is collected again through a separation kettle; S3: The extracts obtained in S1 and S2 are combined to obtain peanut leaf extract.

4. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S1, the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 20 MPa and the temperature is set to 45°C, the CO2 flow rate is maintained at 40 kg / h, and the extraction is performed for 120 minutes.

5. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S2, the pulse frequency is set to 20 kHz and the duty cycle is set to 1:2; the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 25 MPa, the temperature is set to 50° C., and the extraction time is set to 90 minutes.

6. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation method of the cinnamon extract is as follows: (1) Raw material pretreatment: clean and dry the cinnamon; grind the dried cinnamon into powder, and sieve it through a 50-80 mesh sieve, and set aside the sieved material; (2) Extraction process: T1: cinnamon powder is placed in an extraction tank for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC-CO2), and the extract is collected by a separation kettle; T2: The residue after SC-CO2 extraction is further subjected to microwave-assisted extraction, choline chloride-ethylene glycol is added to the extraction tank as a modifier, and the extract is collected again through a separation kettle; T3: The extracts obtained in T1 and T2 were combined to obtain a cinnamon extract.

7. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step T1, the pressure of the extraction tank was set to 20 MPa and the temperature was set to 35°C, the CO2 flow rate was maintained at 40 kg / h, and the extraction was performed for 120 minutes.

8. The natural plant composite anesthetic for aquaculture according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step T2, the pulse frequency is set to 20 kHz and the duty cycle is set to 1:2; the pressure of the extraction tank is set to 25 MPa, the temperature is set to 40° C., and the extraction time is set to 90 minutes.

9. Use of the natural plant composite anesthetic for aquatic products according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in crustacean aquatic products.

10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the crustacean aquatic product is crayfish.

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