Intelligent building emergency fire fighting system and method based on big data

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of building fire safety, and particularly relates to an intelligent building emergency fire-fighting system and method based on big data. The intelligent building emergency fire-fighting system based on big data comprises an acquisition unit, a processing unit and a regulation and control unit. The acquisition unit is used for acquiring image information of various environments in a building at different moments; the processing unit comprises an image recognition module, the image recognition module is used for recognizing and marking figure contours and smoke contours in the image information, and the processing module is used for calculating the smoke condition according to the smoke contours in the image information and also used for calculating the number of people according to the figure contours in the image information; and the control module is also used for planning an escape channel according to the smoke condition in the image information at different moments, the number of people and a preset building channel model, and generating a spraying instruction according to the escape channel. According to the scheme, the problem of low efficiency of safe evacuation when a fire occurs is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution belongs to the field of building fire safety, and specifically involves an intelligent building emergency fire protection system and method based on big data. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of society, building structures tend to be diversified and the population density is increasing. Once a fire occurs in many buildings, it will cause immeasurable consequences. The situation facing fire safety is becoming more and more severe. Preventing building fires and ensuring fire safety have become the key and difficult issues in current urban building management.

[0003] The traditional fire safety method of reporting on the fire scene is to have firefighters or supervisors conduct an investigation at the fire scene. In an actual fire, most people who are fleeing and evacuating cannot obtain the fire situation at the fire scene in real time. The environment during the evacuation process is also full of uncertainty. When evacuating, people can only rely on the safety exit indicator lights to evacuate from the safety exits with less smoke. In such an (extremely) dangerous situation, people are easily influenced by the group when choosing which channel to evacuate from or where to hide, causing most people to flock to the same safety exit, resulting in some safety exits being crowded and some safety exits being empty (the empty safety exits are not effectively utilized), resulting in low efficiency of safe evacuation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this solution is to provide an intelligent building emergency fire protection system and method based on big data to solve the problem of low efficiency of safe evacuation when a fire occurs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this solution provides an intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data, including: Acquisition unit: used to collect image information at different times in various environments within the building; Processing unit: comprising an image recognition module, the image recognition module is used to identify and mark the outline of a person and the outline of smoke in the image information, the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation according to the smoke outline in the image information, and is also used to calculate the number of people according to the outline of the person in the image information, and is also used to plan an escape channel according to the smoke situation in the image information at different times, the number of people and a preset building channel model, and generate a spraying instruction according to the escape channel; Control unit: includes several spray devices, each of which includes an actuator, which is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the actuator in the escape passage to turn on the spray device, and control the actuator to adjust the spraying direction of the spray device according to the spraying instruction.

[0006] And, a big data-based intelligent building emergency fire fighting method using a big data-based intelligent building emergency fire fighting system.

[0007] The principle and technical effect of this scheme are as follows: this scheme collects image information at different times in various environments in the building, identifies people and smoke in the building by extracting the contours of each object in the image information, calculates the smoke situation through the pixels of the smoke, and combines the smoke situation at different times, the number of people and the preset building channel model. The system can plan a relatively safe and reasonable escape route to avoid blind escape and fall into dangerous areas, which helps to guide the masses to evacuate quickly and orderly, improve the efficiency of personnel evacuation in emergency situations, and maximize the safety of personnel. At the same time, the smoke situation in the image information at different times (in real time) accurately reflects the fire at the fire scene (no need to go to the fire scene for exploration), and the escape route can be reasonably adjusted according to the real-time and accurate fire at the fire scene and the number of people in the escape route. When evacuating, it can guide the masses to evacuate the fire scene more dispersedly, and it is not easy for most people to rush to the same safety exit to cause congestion, thereby improving the evacuation efficiency. Furthermore, the real-time smoke situation can provide a more accurate spraying area when spraying fire extinguishing, effectively suppress the spread of fire, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of fire extinguishing, and assist in better firefighting work. Finally, turning on the sprinkler in the escape passage and spraying in the escape direction can more conveniently and quickly point out the escape direction for the evacuated people when the smoke concentration is low; and, when spraying, water can reduce the smoke concentration on the escape passage, which is conducive to the safe escape of the people and improves the safety of the evacuation process.

[0008] Compared with the traditional sprinkler method, the smoke-triggered fire sprinklers in the building in the traditional sprinkler method cannot indicate the escape direction for the people, and cannot adjust the escape direction according to the real-time smoke situation and the congestion in the escape passage; in the traditional sprinkler method, the temperature-triggered fire sprinklers in the building will not be turned on when the smoke is large but the temperature is low (the temperature sensor set on the temperature-triggered fire sprinklers will be triggered when it reaches about 70°C). During the evacuation process, the people can only rely on a small amount of smoke-triggered fire sprinklers to reduce the smoke and dust in the escape passage, and the temperature-triggered fire sprinklers are not effectively used.

[0009] In summary, this solution solves the problem of low efficiency of safe evacuation when a fire occurs.

[0010] Furthermore, when the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation, it first compares the number of pixels in the smoke outline with the number of pixels in the image information to obtain the smoke diffusion range, and then compares the smoke outlines corresponding to the image information of the most recent several moments to obtain the smoke diffusion speed and diffusion direction, and combines the smoke diffusion direction and the smoke diffusion speed with the building channel model to infer the smoke diffusion range at the next moment; after the processing unit waits for a collection moment, it compares the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information, and when the comparison result is greater than the preset deviation value, the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information is used to train the processing module.

[0011] Furthermore, the processing unit is used to estimate the smoke diffusion range at the next moment when the smoke diffusion range in the image information exceeds a preset maximum smoke diffusion range, and to combine the smoke diffusion range at the next moment with the building passage model to plan an escape passage, and then generate a spraying instruction based on the escape passage and pass it to the control unit.

[0012] By comparing the number of pixels in the smoke contour with the number of pixels in the image information, the diffusion range of the smoke at the current moment can be accurately obtained. This quantitative method based on pixel comparison provides reliable basic data for the subsequent accurate assessment of the fire situation, allowing relevant personnel to clearly know which areas the smoke has spread to, the size of the coverage area, etc. The smoke contours corresponding to the image information of the most recent moments are compared to obtain the smoke diffusion speed and diffusion direction, so that the dynamic changes of the smoke can be clearly grasped. Not only do we know how fast it spreads, but also the specific direction of its spread is clear, which helps to predict the development direction of the fire in advance. After waiting for a collection moment, the processing unit compares the smoke diffusion range obtained by the latest collected image information with the previous result. When the comparison result is greater than the preset deviation value, the latest data is used to train the processing module. This mechanism enables the processing module to continuously adjust and optimize itself according to the actual situation. With the passage of time and the accumulation of data in different scenarios, its calculation of the smoke situation will become more and more accurate, so as to better adapt to the complex and changing building environment and various possible fire scenes, provide a more reliable decision-making basis for the entire emergency system, and ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of emergency measures.

[0013] Furthermore, the processing unit is used to evaluate the disaster hazard level of the smoke situation based on the smoke diffusion range and the smoke diffusion speed, and add the disaster hazard level to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spray volume of the spray device according to the disaster hazard level in the spraying instruction.

[0014] By evaluating the smoke diffusion range and smoke diffusion speed as the disaster danger level and adjusting the water spray volume accordingly, more accurate fire extinguishing operations can be achieved. And this method of adjusting the water spray volume according to the disaster danger level can adapt well to the different stages of fire development. In the early stage of a fire, the disaster may be relatively minor. At this time, the appropriate amount of water spray can control the fire while reducing water damage to the internal facilities of the building. As the fire develops, when the danger level rises, the automatically increased water spray volume can better respond to changes in the fire and effectively curb the further deterioration of the fire in a timely manner. Furthermore, this method can be used in a building environment with multiple sprinklers, where the fire situation in different areas may be different. Controlling the water spray volume according to the disaster danger level can achieve the optimal allocation of firefighting resources (water).

[0015] Furthermore, the processing unit is used to evaluate the degree of congestion of different escape paths according to the distribution of the number of people in the escape passage, add the degree of congestion to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spraying amount of the spraying device according to the degree of congestion in the spraying instruction.

[0016] Furthermore, the processing unit is also used to judge the changes in smoke conditions and the number of people based on image information at different times, and adjust the escape channel according to the changes in smoke conditions and the number of people, and generate new spraying instructions for the adjusted escape channel and transmit them to the control unit; after receiving the new spraying instructions, the control unit controls the execution module to change the spraying range and water spraying volume of the spray device according to the new spraying instructions.

[0017] Adjusting the escape route according to the changes in the number of people can provide a better path for evacuation in a timely manner. For example, if an originally planned escape route becomes very crowded due to the subsequent influx of a large number of people, other relatively smooth evacuation routes can be opened up through adjustments to guide the reasonable diversion of the crowd, avoid crowd congestion, long-term detention, etc., thereby improving the overall efficiency of personnel evacuation and ensuring that people can evacuate dangerous areas faster and more safely. As the smoke situation changes, those areas with high smoke concentration and fast diffusion are often the key areas for fire spread. By adjusting the spraying range of the sprinkler device so that it can cover these key areas more accurately, concentrate efforts to suppress the fire, improve the pertinence and effectiveness of fire fighting, avoid wasting too much fire water in some areas with less fire threats, and make the most of limited resources to extinguish the fire.

[0018] Furthermore, the spray device includes a spray head, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, the actuator includes a spray pipe, one end of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the spray head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe, a plurality of water outlet holes are opened around the upper end of the spray pipe, and a thread is provided at the lower end, the outer side of the spray pipe is rotatably connected with a rotating retaining pipe for covering or exposing the water outlet holes, the thread provided on the inner wall of the rotating retaining pipe matches the thread at the lower end of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the rotating retaining pipe is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove surrounds the rotating retaining pipe, a driving slider is slidably connected in the annular groove, the driving slider is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder, and the cylinder is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0019] When the cylinder drives the piston rod to move up and down, the driving slider fixedly connected to the piston rod moves up and down with the piston rod, and the rotating retaining tube moves up and down with the driving slider. Since the rotating retaining tube is connected to the spray pipe thread, the rotating retaining tube rotates in the direction of the thread rotation when it moves up and down, and the annular slide groove slides relative to the driving slider when the rotating retaining tube rotates. It can be seen that the extension length of the cylinder piston rod can limit the relative position between the rotating retaining tube and the spray pipe. By controlling the extension length of the cylinder piston rod, the rotating retaining tube can be controlled to adjust the blocking of the water outlet on the spray pipe (adjust the direction and amount of water leakage from the water outlet), thereby adjusting the spraying direction and water spraying amount of the spraying device.

[0020] Furthermore, the spray device includes a spray head, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, the actuator includes a spray pipe, the spray device includes a spray head, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, the actuator includes a spray pipe, one end of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the spray head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe, a plurality of water outlet holes are opened around the spray pipe, and sliding baffles for covering or exposing the water holes are slidably connected at various positions on the outside of the spray pipe, the sliding baffle is fixedly connected to a cylinder piston rod that pushes the sliding baffle to slide, and the cylinder is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0021] Sliding baffles for covering or revealing the water holes are slidably connected at various positions on the outside of the spray pipe. The sliding baffles leak out or cover the water holes when the cylinder is used, thereby adjusting the spraying direction and water spraying amount of the spray device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view of the spray device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a side view of the spray device in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the front view of the spray device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4It is a front view related to the spray pipe in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a front view related to the spray pipe in the second embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data.

[0028] The following is a further detailed description through specific implementation methods: The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1, spray head; 2, sliding baffle; 3, cylinder; 4, spray pipe; 5, water outlet; 6, rotating baffle; 7, driving slider; 8, annular slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the concept and technical effects of the present invention in combination with the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention: Embodiment 1 like Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data includes: Acquisition unit: used to collect image information at different times in various environments within the building; Processing unit: comprising an image recognition module, the image recognition module is used to identify and mark the outline of a person and the outline of smoke in the image information, the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation according to the smoke outline in the image information, and is also used to calculate the number of people according to the outline of the person in the image information, and is also used to plan an escape channel according to the smoke situation, the number of people and a preset building channel model in the image information at different times, and generate a spraying instruction according to the escape channel; Control unit: includes several spray devices, each of which includes an actuator, which is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the actuator in the escape passage to turn on the spray device, and control the actuator to adjust the spraying direction of the spray device according to the spraying instruction.

[0030] And, a big data-based intelligent building emergency fire fighting method using a big data-based intelligent building emergency fire fighting system.

[0031] The processing unit is used to evaluate the disaster hazard level of the smoke situation based on the smoke diffusion range and the smoke diffusion speed, and add the disaster hazard level to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spray volume of the sprinkler device according to the disaster hazard level in the spraying instruction.

[0032] The processing unit is used to evaluate the degree of congestion of different escape paths according to the distribution of the number of people in the escape passage, add the degree of congestion to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spraying amount of the spraying device according to the degree of congestion in the spraying instruction.

[0033] The processing unit is also used to judge the changes in smoke conditions and the number of people according to the image information at different times, and adjust the escape channel according to the changes in smoke conditions and the number of people, and generate new spraying instructions for the adjusted escape channel and transmit them to the control unit; after receiving the new spraying instructions, the control unit controls the execution module to change the spraying range and water spraying volume of the spray device according to the new spraying instructions.

[0034] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the spray device includes a spray head 1, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, wherein the actuator includes a spray pipe 4, one end of which is fixedly connected to the spray head 1, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe. Figure 4 As shown, 24 water outlet holes 5 are opened around the upper end of the spray pipe 4, and a thread is provided at the lower end. The outer side of the spray pipe 4 is rotatably connected with a rotating retaining tube 6 for covering or exposing the water outlet holes 5. The thread provided on the inner wall of the rotating retaining tube 6 matches the thread at the lower end of the spray pipe 4. The outer wall of the rotating retaining tube 6 is provided with an annular groove 8, which surrounds the rotating retaining tube 6. A driving slider 7 is slidably connected in the annular groove 8. The driving slider 7 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 3, and the cylinder 3 is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0035] During the specific implementation, an intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data was installed in a 20-story office building. Five surveillance cameras were installed on each floor of the office building to collect image information in the corridor. Sprinklers were installed every 2 meters on the ceiling of the corridor. There are many daily office workers in the office building and the flow of personnel is frequent.

[0036] One day, a small fire started in a trash can in a corner of the 12th floor of an office building due to an unextinguished cigarette butt, and smoke began to be generated. The acquisition unit quickly collected image information at different times in various environments on this floor. The image recognition module in the processing unit accurately identified the smoke outline in the image and the outline of the surrounding people. When calculating the smoke situation, the processing module compared the number of pixels in the smoke outline with the number of pixels in the image information, and found that the smoke diffusion range was small and was currently limited to an area of ​​several square meters near the trash can. The processing unit then combined the smoke diffusion range and smoke diffusion speed with the channels in the office building, generated a spraying instruction and passed it to the control unit. After receiving the spraying instruction, the control unit generated the spraying range based on the smoke diffusion range and smoke diffusion speed, and generated the spraying direction and spraying position based on the position of the trash can in the office building channel, and then the spraying direction. The control unit transmits an electrical signal to open the spray pipe 4 device to the actuator within the smoke diffusion range. After receiving the electrical signal, the actuator connects the relay between the power supply and the spray device. The control unit transmits the spraying instruction generated according to the spraying direction to the actuator corresponding to the spraying position. After receiving the electrical signal, the actuator controls the cylinder 3 to extend or retract a specific length (corresponding to the spraying direction), and then the spray device sprays water into the trash can.

[0037] After a period of time, the fire becomes bigger and bigger, and the smoke spreads over a wider range. Then, an instruction to increase the water spray volume is transmitted to the control unit. After receiving the instruction to increase the water spray volume, the control unit transmits an electrical signal to increase the water spray volume to the actuator according to the spraying range. After the actuator within the spraying range receives the electrical signal to increase the water spray volume, it controls the piston rod of the cylinder 3 to contract, so that the rotating retaining tube 6 rotates one circle in the direction of the original sprinkler head 1, and then one more row of water outlet holes 5 on the sprinkler pipe 4 is exposed, and the water spray volume of the sprinkler device increases.

[0038] At this time, the smoke diffusion range exceeds the preset maximum smoke diffusion range. The processing unit once again calculates the smoke diffusion range and speed based on the latest image information, and combines the smoke situation, the five people in the image information, and the building channel model to plan a preliminary escape route. This escape route avoids the direction of smoke diffusion and takes into account the distribution of people to ensure that people can evacuate safely. Subsequently, a spraying instruction is generated based on the escape route.

[0039] As time goes by, the fire gradually gets bigger. The processing unit calculates the smoke diffusion range and speed again based on the new image information, and replans the escape route in combination with the building passage model. The new escape route avoids the dangerous area by taking into account the direction of rapid smoke spread and the situation that more people begin to evacuate. At the same time, a new spraying instruction is generated according to the new escape route, and the higher disaster danger level evaluated by the smoke diffusion range and speed is added to the instruction. After receiving the new spraying instruction, the control unit controls the execution device to further adjust the spraying device. The cylinder 3 moves to rotate the rotating retaining pipe 6, and more water outlets 5 are exposed, increasing the amount of water sprayed to cope with the increasing fire. At the same time, according to the distribution of the number of people in the escape route, the processing unit evaluates that some escape routes have become crowded. According to the spraying instruction containing the information on the degree of congestion, the control unit controls the spraying device in the corresponding area to appropriately reduce the amount of water sprayed to prevent confusion in the evacuation of people due to the slippery ground.

[0040] During the entire fire response process, the processing unit continuously determines the changes in smoke conditions and the number of people based on image information at different times. As people evacuate and smoke changes dynamically, the escape route is continuously adjusted and new spraying instructions are generated. The control unit continuously controls the actuator to change the spraying range and water volume of the sprinkler, such as adjusting the spraying direction so that it always covers the fire spreading area while ensuring the safety of the evacuation route.

[0041] Embodiment 2 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: When the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation, it first compares the number of pixels in the smoke outline with the number of pixels in the image information to obtain the smoke diffusion range, and then compares the smoke outlines corresponding to the image information of the most recent several moments to obtain the smoke diffusion speed and diffusion direction, and combines the smoke diffusion direction and smoke diffusion speed with the building channel model to infer the smoke diffusion range at the next moment; after the processing unit waits for a collection moment, it compares the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information, and when the comparison result is greater than the preset deviation value, the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information is used to train the processing module.

[0042] The processing unit is used to estimate the smoke diffusion range at the next moment when the smoke diffusion range in the image information exceeds the preset maximum smoke diffusion range, and to combine the smoke diffusion range at the next moment with the building passage model to plan an escape passage, and then generate a spraying instruction based on the escape passage and pass it to the control unit.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the spray device includes a spray head 1, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, wherein the actuator includes a spray pipe 4, one end of which is fixedly connected to the spray head 1, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe. Figure 5As shown, 20 water outlet holes 5 are opened around the spray pipe 4, and sliding baffles 2 for covering or exposing the water holes 5 are slidably connected at various positions on the outside of the spray pipe 4. The sliding baffles 2 are fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder 3 that pushes the sliding baffles 2 to slide, and the cylinder 3 is electrically connected to the control unit.

[0044] During specific implementation, the processing unit compares the image information taken at the last five moments, determines the smoke diffusion speed, and estimates the smoke diffusion range at the next moment (recorded as moment t1) based on the smoke diffusion range at the current moment (recorded as moment t0) and the change in the smoke diffusion speed between the five moments. The escape passage is planned based on the smoke diffusion range at moment t1 combined with the building passage model, and a spraying instruction is generated based on the escape passage and transmitted to the control unit.

[0045] When the processing unit processes the image information collected at time t1, the smoke diffusion range obtained by processing the image information at time t1 is compared with the inferred smoke diffusion range at time t1. The similarity between the two is 90%, and the deviation value is 10%, which is greater than 3% (the preset deviation value is 3%). The smoke diffusion range obtained from the image information collected at time t1 and the image information used to infer t1 are used to train the processing module.

[0046] The processing unit plans two escape paths at time t2 (the two escape paths form a group of escape passages). When the control unit determines the spraying direction according to the two escape paths, some spraying positions correspond to the two spraying directions. After the control unit sends electrical signals of the two spraying directions to the actuator corresponding to the spraying position in turn, the actuator controls the cylinders 3 corresponding to the two spraying directions to contract in turn, and then the spraying device sprays water in two directions at the same time.

[0047] As the escape routes chosen by the masses during the evacuation process are different, the number of people on the two escape routes is different (the degree of crowding is different). There are 7 people on escape route 1 (escape route 1 corresponds to direction 1), and 3 people on escape route 2 (escape route 2 corresponds to direction 2). On the overlapping section of the two escape routes, the 5 people who are escaping can choose two different directions (direction 1 and direction 2 respectively). The sprinkler device on the overlapping section sprays water in directions 1 and 2 at the same time. The amount of water sprayed by the sprinkler device in direction 1 is more, and the amount of water sprayed in direction 2 is less. At the intersection where the overlapping section ends, 3 As individuals pass by one after another, they choose the escape path (escape path 2) corresponding to the direction with less water spray (direction 2), that is, they choose escape path 2 with 3 people. As the number of people on escape path 2 increases, the processing device transmits an instruction to the control device to increase the water spray volume in direction 2 on the overlapping section, and then the control device transmits an electrical signal to the execution device on the overlapping section to increase the water spray volume in direction 2. After receiving the electrical signal, the execution device controls the cylinder 3 corresponding to direction 2 to retract the telescopic rod, and the water spray volume in direction 2 of the spray device increases (after the water spray volume increases, the water spray volume in direction 2 is consistent with that in direction 1). When the remaining two people on the overlapping section know that the number of people on the two escape paths is basically the same through the water spray volume that changes overhead, they randomly choose an escape at the intersection where the overlapping section ends.

[0048] Embodiment 3 The difference between this embodiment and the first and second embodiments is that: The sprinkler head 1 of the sprinkler device selects a fire sprinkler head. In a high temperature environment, the temperature-sensitive material of the sprinkler head 1 breaks, causing the sprinkler head 1 to spray a large amount of water. The water pressure detection device detects that the water pressure change exceeds the preset maximum change water pressure, and sends an electrical signal of water discharge to the control unit. The control unit stores the safe passage direction corresponding to each position. After receiving the water discharge electrical signal, the control unit uses the sending position of the electrical signal as the water discharge position, and transmits the water discharge electrical signal to the cylinder 3 corresponding to the safe passage direction that controls the flood discharge position. Then the cylinder 3 corresponding to the safe passage direction shrinks the piston rod to the shortest (so that the sprinkler device always sprays water in the direction of the safe passage. In severe cases, the sprayed water can not only provide a safe passage direction for escape, but also increase the fire extinguishing ability in the safe passage direction compared with other directions, and help the escapee to provide a more favorable escape environment, that is, using limited water resources to provide the most favorable escape environment as much as possible), and then the control unit disconnects the relay between the actuator and the power supply (to avoid the sprayed water being charged and affecting safety), and transmits the water discharge position to the processing device (to provide more intuitive data for rescue).

[0049] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the structure of the present invention, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. Intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data, characterized by: include: Acquisition unit: used to collect image information at different times in various environments within the building; Processing unit: comprising an image recognition module, the image recognition module is used to identify and mark the outline of a person and the outline of smoke in the image information, the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation according to the smoke outline in the image information, and is also used to calculate the number of people according to the outline of the person in the image information, and is also used to plan an escape channel according to the smoke situation in the image information at different times, the number of people and a preset building channel model, and generate a spraying instruction according to the escape channel; Control unit: includes several spray devices, each of which includes an actuator, which is electrically connected to the control unit. The control unit is used to control the actuator in the escape passage to turn on the spray device, and control the actuator to adjust the spraying direction of the spray device according to the spraying instruction.

2. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the processing module is used to calculate the smoke situation, the number of pixels in the smoke outline and the number of pixels in the image information are first compared to obtain the smoke diffusion range, and then the smoke outlines corresponding to the image information at the latest several moments are compared to obtain the smoke diffusion speed and diffusion direction, and the smoke diffusion direction and smoke diffusion speed are combined with the building channel model to infer the smoke diffusion range at the next moment; After waiting for a collection moment, the processing unit compares the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information. When the comparison result is greater than a preset deviation value, the smoke diffusion range obtained from the latest collected image information is used to train the processing module.

3. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The processing unit is used to evaluate the disaster risk level of the smoke situation based on the smoke diffusion range and the smoke diffusion speed, and add the disaster risk level to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spraying amount of the spraying device according to the disaster risk level in the spraying instruction.

4. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The processing unit is used to evaluate the degree of congestion of different escape paths according to the distribution of the number of people in the escape passage, add the degree of congestion to the spraying instruction and transmit it to the control unit, and the control unit controls the execution device to adjust the water spraying amount of the spraying device according to the degree of congestion in the spraying instruction.

5. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The processing unit is also used to judge the changes of smoke conditions and the number of people according to the image information at different times, and adjust the escape channel according to the changes of smoke conditions and the number of people, and generate a new spraying instruction for the adjusted escape channel and transmit it to the control unit; After receiving the new spraying instruction, the control unit controls the execution module to change the spraying range and water spraying amount of the spraying device according to the new spraying instruction.

6. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The processing unit is used to estimate the smoke diffusion range at the next moment when the smoke diffusion range in the image information exceeds the preset maximum smoke diffusion range, and combine the smoke diffusion range at the next moment with the building passage model to plan an escape passage, and then generate a spraying instruction based on the escape passage and pass it to the control unit.

7. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The spray device includes a spray head, a water inlet pipe and an actuator, the actuator includes a spray pipe, one end of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the spray head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe, a plurality of water outlet holes are opened around the upper end of the spray pipe, and a thread is provided at the lower end, the outer side of the spray pipe is rotatably connected with a rotating retaining pipe for covering or exposing the water outlet holes, the thread provided on the inner wall of the rotating retaining pipe matches the thread at the lower end of the spray pipe, the outer wall of the rotating retaining pipe is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove surrounds the rotating retaining pipe, a driving slider is slidably connected in the annular groove, the driving slider is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder, and the cylinder is electrically connected to the control unit.

8. The intelligent building emergency fire protection system based on big data according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The spray device includes a spray head, a water inlet pipe and an actuator. The actuator includes a spray pipe. One end of the spray pipe is fixedly connected to the spray head, and the other end is fixedly connected to the water inlet pipe. A plurality of water outlet holes are provided around the spray pipe. Sliding baffles for covering or exposing the water holes are slidably connected at various positions on the outside of the spray pipe. The sliding baffle is fixedly connected to a cylinder piston rod that pushes the sliding baffle to slide, and the cylinder is electrically connected to the control unit.

9. The intelligent building emergency fire fighting method based on big data is characterized by: The big data-based intelligent building emergency fire protection system described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is used.

Images