Light storage energy charging fire extinguishing system and fire control method

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a kind of light storage energy fire fighting system and fire control method, it is related to photovoltaic energy storage technical field.The light storage energy fire fighting system includes multiple charging stations, a charging station is used to charge an electric car;Multiple fire spaces, multiple fire spaces are not interconnected, each fire space is correspondingly arranged below a charging station;A separation device is arranged between each charging station and fire space;Drive device is connected with the separation device, for driving the separation device to open or close to connect or isolate charging station and fire space;Fire device is arranged in fire space, for fire in fire space extinguishing;Monitoring module is used to obtain the real-time data in charging station;And, control module is respectively with monitoring module, fire device and drive device, control module according to the data collected by monitoring module, control fire device and drive device start or stop.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of photovoltaic energy storage, in particular to a photovoltaic energy storage and charging fire extinguishing system and a fire extinguishing control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar energy is a clean and renewable energy, which can be directly converted into electric energy by photovoltaic panels to charge electric vehicles. However, the probability of power battery fire is relatively high during charging and the static stage after charging.

[0003] For the fire electric vehicle, the prior art mainly monitors the battery state through the battery management system (BMS), and specially designed fire extinguishing devices are equipped in the charging station or the vehicle, and the fire extinguishing system of the charging station and the vehicle monitoring system are interlocked. Once a fire occurs in the vehicle, the fire extinguishing system can quickly respond to spray water on the burning vehicle to reduce the temperature. However, before the fire extinguishing operation is carried out on the charging shed, the burning electric vehicle cannot be isolated from other vehicles in time, so that the adjacent electric vehicles are easily ignited, the fire spreads, and eventually the fire may be out of control, causing more serious losses and harm.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need for a photovoltaic energy storage and charging fire extinguishing system to at least solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] One of the technical problems to be solved by the present disclosure is how to isolate the burning electric vehicle in time to avoid igniting adjacent electric vehicles and causing the fire to get out of control.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic energy storage and charging fire extinguishing system, which comprises: a plurality of charging stations, one charging station for charging one electric vehicle; a plurality of fire extinguishing spaces, the plurality of fire extinguishing spaces are not connected to each other, and each fire extinguishing space is arranged below one charging station; an isolation device, one isolation device is arranged between each charging station and fire extinguishing space; a driving device, the driving device is connected with the isolation device and used to drive the isolation device to open or close to connect or isolate the charging station and the fire extinguishing space; a fire extinguishing device, the fire extinguishing device is arranged in the fire extinguishing space and used to extinguish fire in the fire extinguishing space; a monitoring module, the monitoring module is used to acquire real-time data in the charging station; and a control module, the control module is connected with the monitoring module, the fire extinguishing device and the driving device respectively, and the control module controls the start or stop of the fire extinguishing device and the driving device according to the data collected by the monitoring module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the isolation device comprises an isolation plate arranged in a horizontal direction, the isolation plate being used for the charging station and the fire-fighting space and for supporting the electric vehicle; the isolation plate is in sliding connection with the side wall of the fire-fighting space, the isolation plate is connected with the driving device, and the isolation plate can be translated under the driving of the driving device to communicate the charging station and the fire-fighting space.

[0008] In some embodiments, the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system further comprises a plurality of support plates, the plurality of support plates being arranged at intervals and arranged in a vertical direction, and the plurality of support plates and the isolation plate and the ground enclose the fire-fighting space; the fire-fighting space is a rectangular cuboid structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting device comprises a gas source device and / or a water source device; the gas source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space; the gas source device and / or the water source device are in communication with the fire-fighting space through a connecting pipe for filling the fire-fighting space with inert gas and / or water.

[0010] In some embodiments, the monitoring module comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke component sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor, and an infrared thermal imager; the monitoring module is arranged above the charging station.

[0011] In some embodiments, the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system further comprises a charging unit, the charging unit comprising a photovoltaic assembly and a storage battery, the photovoltaic assembly being electrically connected with the storage battery and being capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery; the storage battery is arranged below the charging station and below the ground, and is used for charging the electric vehicle; the charging station is provided with a switching unit, the switching unit being in communication connection with the control module, and the switching unit being capable of receiving the instruction of the control module to control the on-off of the electrical connection between the storage battery and the electric vehicle.

[0012] The embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a fire-fighting control method, comprising: a monitoring module acquiring real-time data in a charging station, the real-time data comprising at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke component data, and flame data; the monitoring module uploading the data to a control module, the control module analyzing the data and judging whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard; if so, the control opens an isolation device to make the electric vehicle enter a fire-fighting space, and when the electric vehicle completely enters the fire-fighting space, the control closes the isolation device and opens a fire-fighting device to extinguish the fire of the electric vehicle in the fire-fighting space; if not, the electric vehicle is kept normal charging.

[0013] In some embodiments, a temperature data model is established according to case data of temperature change when an electric vehicle catches fire and case data of temperature change of the electric vehicle during charging at different weather temperatures; temperature data corresponding to each charging station is collected in real time, multiple temperature data are input into the temperature data model for comparison, and a risk level is determined according to an output result of the temperature data model; if the risk level is high, it is determined that the electric vehicle has a fire hazard, and the electric vehicle is extinguished; if the risk level is medium, smoke component data and smoke concentration data collected are analyzed and judged; and if the risk level is low, the electric vehicle is normally charged.

[0014] In some embodiments, a smoke component data model and a smoke concentration data model are respectively established according to case data of smoke components generated when an electric vehicle catches fire and case data of smoke concentration; smoke component data and smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected in real time, multiple smoke component data and smoke concentration data are respectively input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model for comparison, and whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard is determined according to output results of the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model.

[0015] In some embodiments, if at least one smoke component data model and smoke concentration data model do not exist in the smoke component data, the smoke component data is collected multiple times, and the smoke concentration data is collected simultaneously, a change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained by multiple times of collection is recorded, and whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard is determined according to the change gradient; if the smoke component data contains data that does not exist in the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, the abnormal gas component is marked during the process of collecting the smoke concentration data synchronously, and is input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model as a factor for interference gas detection in the next collection of the smoke component data and the smoke concentration data.

[0016] Through the above technical solutions, the light storage and charging energy fire extinguishing system provided by the present disclosure can quickly isolate the vehicle on fire from other unaffected vehicles in the early stage of fire occurrence through independent fire extinguishing space and isolation device, effectively avoids the adjacent vehicles from being ignited, prevents the fire from expanding, and greatly reduces the possibility of large-area loss caused by the fire. The monitoring module can monitor the abnormal state of the electric vehicle in real time, the control module can quickly respond based on the data, and the fire extinguishing device can be started in time to intervene when the fire has not yet broken out on a large scale. The fire can be extinguished more quickly, the duration of the fire is reduced, and the damage degree to the vehicle and the surrounding facilities is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a light storage and energy charging fire-fighting system disclosed by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 2 is a state schematic diagram of an electric vehicle in a fire-fighting space in the light storage and energy charging fire-fighting system disclosed by the embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 3 is a flow chart of a fire-fighting control method disclosed by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0021] Explanation of reference signs:

[0022] 1, charging station; 2, fire-fighting space; 3, isolation device; 4, fire-fighting device; 5, monitoring module; 6, support plate; 7, photovoltaic module; 8, storage battery; 9, electric vehicle; 10, support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The detailed description of the following embodiments and the drawings are used to exemplarily illustrate the principles of the present disclosure, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms, and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0024] The present disclosure provides these embodiments in order to make the present disclosure thorough and complete, and fully express the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that: unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is greater than or equal to two; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer" and the like are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0026] In addition, the "first", "second" and similar words used in the present disclosure do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the allowable range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the allowable range of error. "Include" or "contain" and similar words mean that the elements before the word cover the elements listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of also covering other elements.

[0027] It should also be noted that in the description of the present disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present disclosure can be understood according to the specific circumstances. When it is described that a specific device is located between the first device and the second device, there can be or can not be an intermediate device between the specific device and the first device or the second device.

[0028] All terms used in the present disclosure have the same meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formalized sense, unless specifically defined here.

[0029] Techniques, methods and devices known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the techniques, methods and devices should be considered as part of the specification.

[0030] In view of the use of solar energy in the electric vehicle charging scene, the power battery of the electric vehicle is prone to fire during charging and standing stage, and the existing technology has difficulty in isolating the on-fire vehicle from other vehicles when extinguishing the fire.

[0031] The embodiment of the present disclosure sets multiple independent charging stations, each of which has a corresponding fire-fighting space, an isolation device and a driving device in the middle, and a fire-fighting device in the fire-fighting space. The monitoring module collects multiple types of real-time data of the charging station, and the control module connects related devices to start according to the data. When the fire is initially generated, the electric vehicle can be quickly isolated and extinguished, which can solve the problem of difficult control of fire spread, improve fire protection, and reduce loss risk.

[0032] Embodiment 1

[0033] The embodiment of the present disclosure provides a light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it comprises: a plurality of charging stations 1, one charging station 1 is used for charging an electric vehicle 9; a plurality of fire-fighting spaces 2, the plurality of fire-fighting spaces 2 are not connected to each other, and each fire-fighting space 2 is correspondingly arranged below a charging station 1; an isolation device 3, an isolation device 3 is arranged between each charging station 1 and fire-fighting space 2; a driving device, the driving device is connected with the isolation device 3, and is used for driving the isolation device 3 to open or close to connect or isolate the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2; a fire-fighting device 4, the fire-fighting device 4 is arranged in the fire-fighting space 2, and is used for extinguishing fire in the fire-fighting space 2; a monitoring module 5, the monitoring module 5 is used for acquiring real-time data in the charging station 1; and a control module, the control module is respectively connected with the monitoring module 5, the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device, and the control module controls the start or stop of the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device according to the data collected by the monitoring module 5.

[0034] The light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to the scene of a parking lot with the function of charging electric vehicles 9 by solar power generation. A plurality of charging stations 1, for example, 10 charging stations 1, can be arranged in an array in the parking lot. Independent fire-fighting spaces 2 are constructed below each charging station 1, and these fire-fighting spaces 2 can be isolated by fireproof materials to ensure that they are not connected to each other. An isolation device 3, such as an electric roller shutter door, is installed between each charging station 1 and its corresponding fire-fighting space 2, and a driving device, such as a motor and related transmission mechanism connected with the electric roller shutter door, is provided.

[0035] The fire-fighting device 4 can be selected from high-efficiency automatic fire extinguishing nozzles, and is equipped with a corresponding fire extinguishing medium storage tank, such as dry powder or carbon dioxide, which is suitable for extinguishing battery fires, or water, inert gas, etc. The monitoring module 5 can include temperature sensors, smoke sensors, and data acquisition interfaces of battery management systems (BMS), etc. These sensors are distributed at key positions of the charging station 1, such as near the battery pack of the electric vehicle 9 and around the charging circuit, etc., and can collect data such as temperature changes, smoke concentrations, and abnormal battery voltages and currents in real time.

[0036] The control module, as the "brain" of the whole system, is connected to the monitoring module 5, the fire-fighting device 4 and the driving device through a wired or wireless communication network, such as a programmable logic controller (PLC), an industrial control computer (industrial PC) or a microcontroller (single-chip microcomputer). When a trolley 9 enters the charging station 1 to start charging, the monitoring module 5 continuously collects data. Assuming that the battery of a trolley 9 has a sharp temperature rise accompanied by smoke due to thermal runaway during charging. The monitoring module 5 can quickly transmit these abnormal data to the control module, which first determines the fire risk according to the preset logic, and immediately starts the driving device as soon as it determines that there is a high fire risk. The electric roller shutter is opened, and the trolley 9 falls into the fire-fighting space 2, isolating the charging station 1 where the trolley 9 is on fire from other areas. At the same time, the control module starts the fire-fighting device 4, and the fire extinguishing nozzle sprays fire extinguishing agent into the fire-fighting space 2 to extinguish the fire of the trolley 9 and suppress the spread of the fire.

[0037] Through the independent fire-fighting space 2 and the isolation device 3, the trolley on fire can be quickly isolated from other unaffected trolleys at the initial stage of the fire, effectively preventing the adjacent trolleys from being ignited and preventing the fire from spreading, greatly reducing the possibility of large-scale loss caused by the fire. The monitoring module 5 can monitor the abnormal state of the trolley 9 in real time, and the control module can quickly respond based on these data and start the fire-fighting device 4 in time to intervene when the fire has not yet broken out on a large scale. Compared with the traditional manual discovery or relatively lagging linkage fire-fighting system, the fire can be extinguished more quickly, the duration of the fire is reduced, and the damage to the trolley and the surrounding facilities is reduced, such as reducing the risk of battery explosion and reducing the degree of burning of the trolley structure, thereby reducing maintenance costs and property losses.

[0038] In some embodiments, the isolation device 3 includes an isolation plate arranged in the horizontal direction, which is used for the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2 and is used to support the trolley 9; the isolation plate is slidably connected with the side wall of the fire-fighting space 2, and the isolation plate is connected with the driving device, and the isolation plate can translate under the drive of the driving device to communicate the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2.

[0039] In a solar light storage and energy charging parking lot, each charging station 1 is provided with an isolation device 3. For example, the charging station 1 is a rectangular platform, and below it corresponds to an independent fire-fighting space 2. The isolation plate can be made of high-temperature-resistant and solid metal material, which spans horizontally between the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2, and its size is adapted to the planar size of the charging station 1, which is sufficient to stably support the trolley 9.

[0040] The two side edges of the isolation plate can be slidably connected with the side walls of the fire-fighting space 2 through guide rails, the guide rails are fixedly connected with the side walls of the fire-fighting space 2, the isolation plate is slidably connected with the guide rails, the guide rails have good smoothness and stability, and it is ensured that the isolation plate will not be stuck or deviated during translation. The driving device can be an electric push rod or a transmission chain mechanism driven by a motor, which is installed on one side wall of the fire-fighting space 2 and firmly connected with the isolation plate. For example, the fire-fighting space 2 can be arranged below the ground, and the isolation plate can be translated along the guide rail towards the ground below the charging station 1, and the ground below corresponds to the isolation plate and is provided with a moving space.

[0041] When the electric vehicle 9 is normally charged, the isolation plate is in the initial position, completely closing the fire-fighting space 2, so that the charging station 1 and the fire-fighting space 2 are isolated from each other, avoiding any interference of the equipment or environment in the fire-fighting space 2 on the charging operation in daily situation. Once the monitoring module 5 detects that the electric vehicle 9 on the charging station 1 has a fire sign and transmits a signal to the control module, the control module immediately starts the driving device. The driving device starts to work and pushes the isolation plate to translate along the guide rail towards the ground below the charging station 1, gradually exposing the fire-fighting space 2, so that the electric vehicle 9 can fall into the fire-fighting space 2, and then the isolation plate can be driven in the opposite direction to close the fire-fighting space 2, thereby effectively isolating the on-fire vehicle from other vehicles in space, preventing the fire from spreading to adjacent vehicles, and protecting the safety of other non-on-fire vehicles.

[0042] The isolation plate not only plays a role of isolation but also can be used as a support platform of the electric vehicle 9, and such integrated design makes the structure more compact and stable, without the need for additional complex support structure and special isolation facilities, thereby saving the space layout of the charging station 1 and being conducive to setting more charging stations 1 in limited space, and improving the space utilization rate of the parking lot.

[0043] In some embodiments, the isolation plate is a pair of isolation plates, the pair of isolation plates are oppositely arranged along a first direction, and the driving device is capable of driving the pair of isolation plates to move towards or away from each other along the first direction. Since the electric vehicle 9 itself has a certain weight, when the driving device starts and promotes the isolation plate to translate, the electric vehicle 9 has the possibility to move together with the isolation plate under the action of friction. By letting the pair of isolation plates move in opposite directions, the directions of the friction forces between the electric vehicle 9 and the two isolation plates are also opposite, so that the two groups of friction forces can offset each other. Thus, it can be ensured that the electric vehicle 9 will not be displaced due to friction during the action of the isolation plate, thereby accurately falling into the fire-fighting space 2 below.

[0044] In some embodiments, the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system further comprises: a plurality of support plates 6, the plurality of support plates 6 are arranged at intervals and arranged in a vertical direction, and the plurality of support plates 6, the isolation plate and the ground enclose the fire-fighting space 2; the fire-fighting space 2 has a rectangular cuboid structure.

[0045] A plurality of support plates 6 arranged in the vertical direction, which are spaced apart, the top of which is connected with the isolation plate, and the bottom is fixed with the ground. Take a charging station 1 as an example, assuming that there are four support plates 6 respectively located at the four corners of the rectangle, which together with the horizontal isolation plate and the ground enclose a rectangular cuboid structure of the fire-fighting space 2. The isolation plate serves as the "cover" at the top, which is closed in the normal state, and when the fire occurs and the isolation plate is designed to open, the rectangular cuboid fire-fighting space 2 is completely exposed, and the internal fire-fighting device 4 can perform fire extinguishing operation on the overhead possible falling on fire tram 9.

[0046] The rectangular cuboid fire-fighting space 2 structure is stable by the support plate 6, the isolation plate and the ground. The rectangular cuboid shape is regular, and each face is uniformly stressed, which can withstand large pressure and impact force, whether it is the weight of the overhead tram 9 in the daily life without fire, or the water flow impact, explosion impact force and other during the fire extinguishing process, can maintain the structural integrity, ensure that the fire-fighting operation can be carried out in a relatively stable, closed environment, and will not affect the fire-fighting effect due to structural deformation.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting device 4 includes a gas source device and / or a water source device; the gas source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space 2; the gas source device and / or the water source device are connected with the fire-fighting space 2 through the connecting pipe, for filling the inert gas and / or water into the fire-fighting space 2.

[0048] In the configuration of the fire-fighting device 4 corresponding to each fire-fighting space 2 of the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system, the gas source device can use high-pressure inert gas storage tank, such as a group of nitrogen or argon filled storage tank, and the water source device can be a fire-fighting pool connected with the municipal water supply system or independent high-pressure water pump. These gas source devices and water source devices are uniformly arranged in the specific area outside the fire-fighting space 2, such as a fire-fighting equipment room arranged in the edge corner of the parking lot.

[0049] The gas source device and / or the water source device are connected to each fire-fighting space 2 through a high-pressure-resistant and high-temperature-resistant connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is reasonably arranged inside the fire-fighting space 2, and a plurality of spray heads or gas outlets are arranged. When the monitoring module 5 detects that a certain charging station 1 has a fire risk and notifies the control module, the control module determines to start the gas source device or the water source device or both according to the type and scale of the fire. If the gas source device is started, high-pressure inert gas is rapidly filled into the fire-fighting space 2 along the connecting pipe, the air in the fire-fighting space 2 is rapidly expelled, the oxygen concentration is reduced, and the combustion reaction of the battery fire is inhibited; if the water source device is started, the high-pressure water pump delivers water to the fire-fighting space 2 through the connecting pipe, and the cooling and asphyxiation effects of water are used to extinguish the fire; if both are started, the synergistic fire extinguishing effect of inert gas and water can be achieved. A plurality of through holes can be arranged on the isolation plate, and the gas in the fire-fighting space 2 can be discharged while the gas or liquid is filled into the fire-fighting space 2, so that the pressure in the fire-fighting space 2 is stable.

[0050] Both the inert gas and the water have good fire extinguishing characteristics. The inert gas can rapidly reduce the oxygen content in the fire-fighting space 2 without conducting electricity and without corrosion, the inert gas can be a low-temperature gas, which can effectively inhibit the combustion of flammable gas and the battery thermal runaway reaction commonly seen in electric vehicle 9 fires, and has a remarkable effect on extinguishing electrical fires and preventing rekindling. Water has strong heat absorption and cooling capacity, which can rapidly cool the high-temperature battery and the surrounding environment, and prevent the fire from further spreading. The gas source device and the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space 2, which avoids direct exposure of the devices to the high-temperature, high-pressure and possibly explosive environment when a fire occurs, reduces the risk of damage to the devices, and prolongs the service life of the devices.

[0051] By arranging the gas source device and the water source device, the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can flexibly select the fire extinguishing mode of starting the gas source device, the water source device or both according to different fire scenes and battery types. For example, for the initial and small-scale battery thermal runaway and smoking, the inert gas can be used for inhibition first to avoid further damage to the battery and charging equipment caused by water stains; for a larger fire with obvious flame burning, the gas source and the water source device can be started at the same time to fully exert the fire extinguishing advantages of both and achieve rapid and effective control of the fire. This flexible fire extinguishing strategy can better adapt to complex and variable electric vehicle 9 charging fire conditions.

[0052] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 5 includes at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke composition sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor and an infrared thermal imager; and the monitoring module 5 is arranged above the charging station 1.

[0053] The monitoring module 5 is arranged above each charging station 1, which can be connected to a support 10 arranged above the charging station 1.

[0054] For example, the temperature sensor can be a high-precision thermistor sensor installed above the charging station 1 near the battery pack of the electric car 9, which can accurately monitor the temperature change of the battery during charging in real time, and the measurement range can cover from normal temperature to the high temperature interval where the battery may have thermal runaway, such as -20°C to 800°C, so as to timely find the abnormal situation of battery overheating. The smoke composition sensor is an advanced mass spectrometry sensor arranged on one side of the ceiling of the charging station 1, which can accurately analyze various chemical components contained in the smoke, such as whether there are specific organic components produced by electrolyte combustion, etc., so as to judge the specific situation and possible danger degree of battery combustion. The smoke concentration sensor is a photoelectric sensor located in the center directly above the charging station 1, which is extremely sensitive to changes in smoke concentration, and can quickly capture and convert into an electrical signal output even if the smoke increases extremely slightly. The flame sensor is an ultraviolet flame sensor installed at a high position on the edge of the charging station 1, which can quickly detect the ultraviolet radiation in the flame and immediately send an alarm signal once the flame is generated. The infrared thermal imager can be fixed above the charging station 1 at a distance, tilted downward at a certain angle, which has high resolution and can clearly generate a thermal image of the entire charging station 1, intuitively showing the temperature distribution difference, which can not only find the overheating area of the battery as a whole, but also detect the temperature imbalance between the battery internal cells.

[0055] Through the cooperative work of multiple types of sensors, the charging station 1 is comprehensively monitored from multiple dimensions such as temperature change, smoke composition and concentration, flame generation, and thermal imaging. The temperature sensor can early warn the temperature change trend of battery thermal runaway, which can gain time for early intervention; the smoke composition sensor can accurately judge the battery combustion type and danger level by analyzing the chemical composition, which is helpful for formulating targeted fire fighting strategies; the smoke concentration sensor can timely detect the appearance of smoke and quickly start the fire fighting response; the flame sensor can detect the open flame in the first time and quickly start the fire extinguishing device; the infrared thermal imager can provide macro and detailed thermal distribution, which can assist in locating the fire source and evaluating the direction of fire spread, and the various sensors can complement and verify each other, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of monitoring and effectively reduces the probability of false and missed reports.

[0056] In some embodiments, the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system further comprises a charging unit, the charging unit comprising a photovoltaic assembly 7 and a storage battery 8, the photovoltaic assembly 7 being electrically connected with the storage battery 8 and capable of converting solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery 8; the storage battery 8 being arranged below the charging station 1 and below the ground, and being used to charge the electric vehicle 9; the charging station 1 being provided with a switch unit, the switch unit being in communication connection with the control module and capable of receiving instructions from the control module to control the on-off of the electrical connection between the storage battery 8 and the electric vehicle 9.

[0057] The photovoltaic assembly 7 is installed in an open area of a parking lot or charging station, such as the roof of the parking lot or the surrounding open space, to fully receive sunlight and convert it into electrical energy. These electrical energies are transmitted to the storage battery 8 for storage. The storage battery 8 is arranged in a pre-dug underground space below each charging station 1, and the underground space is specially treated to be moisture-proof, waterproof, heat-dissipating, etc., to ensure that the storage battery 8 can operate stably.

[0058] Each charging station 1 is provided with a connecting device adapted to the charging interface of the electric vehicle 9, and is also provided with a switch unit. The switch unit is in close contact with the control module through wired or wireless communication. When the electric vehicle 9 drives into the charging station 1 and is connected with the charging interface, the control module sends instructions to the switch unit according to the preset charging logic and the preliminary detection result of the battery state of the electric vehicle 9. For example, when the battery of the electric vehicle 9 is detected to be low in power and no abnormal situation is found, the control module sends a closing instruction to the switch unit, and the switch unit connects the circuit between the storage battery 8 and the electric vehicle 9 to start the charging process. If the monitoring module 5 detects abnormal heating, smoking, etc. of the battery during the charging process, the control module immediately sends a disconnecting instruction to the switch unit to cut off the charging circuit in time to prevent the danger from further expanding.

[0059] By integrating the charging unit and the fire-fighting system in the same light storage and charging energy system, the parts cooperate and influence each other. By arranging the storage battery 8 below the charging station 1, the ground space is saved, the layout of the charging station 1 is more compact and reasonable, and the integration design with other components of the fire-fighting system such as the fire-fighting space 2 and the isolation device 3 is facilitated. For example, when a fire occurs, the underground layout of the storage battery 8 can reduce the interference to the fire-fighting operation, and the isolation and fire extinguishing measures of the fire-fighting system can also protect the underground storage battery 8 from being damaged by the fire, thereby improving the integration degree and overall performance of the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system.

[0060] In some embodiments, the gas source device can be in communication with the underground space where the storage battery 8 is located, and the control module can start the gas source device as soon as a fire or thermal runaway condition occurs in the storage battery 8. At this time, the high-pressure inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, in the gas source device will rush into the space where the storage battery 8 is located at a high speed along the connecting pipe. Due to the large amount of inert gas injection, the original air in the space is quickly expelled, causing the oxygen concentration to drop sharply. In a low-oxygen environment, the combustion reaction of the storage battery 8 fire is significantly inhibited due to the lack of combustion-supporting agent, thereby effectively preventing the further spread and expansion of the fire. The light storage and charging energy fire extinguishing system provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can not only extinguish the fire of the electric vehicle 9, but also extinguish the fire of the storage battery 8, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system.

[0061] Embodiment 2

[0062] The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fire control method, as shown in the accompanying drawings, comprising: a monitoring module acquires real-time data in the charging station, the real-time data comprising at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke composition data and flame data; the monitoring module uploads the data to a control module, the control module analyzes the data and determines whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard; if so, the control opens the isolation device, allowing the electric vehicle to enter the fire-fighting space, and when the electric vehicle completely enters the fire-fighting space, the control closes the isolation device and opens the fire-fighting device to extinguish the fire of the electric vehicle located in the fire-fighting space; if not, the electric vehicle is kept normal charging. Figure 3

[0063] During the operation of the light storage and charging energy fire extinguishing system, the monitoring module continuously carries out data collection work. For example, the temperature sensor measures the temperature of the electric vehicle battery and the surrounding environment in the charging station at a frequency of once per second, obtaining temperature data accurate to 0.1°C; the smoke concentration sensor continuously detects the concentration of smoke particles in the air, and immediately transmits the concentration change data as soon as smoke is generated; the smoke composition sensor uses advanced spectral analysis technology to analyze the chemical composition data contained in the smoke; the flame sensor is always vigilant for the appearance of flame, and rapidly feeds back the flame data as soon as the flame is detected.

[0064] These data are transmitted to the control module in real time, and the control module analyzes and judges according to the preset algorithm and threshold. For example, when the battery temperature exceeds 60°C and the temperature rise rate is greater than 2°C / s, or the smoke concentration exceeds a certain standard value, or a specific dangerous smoke composition is detected, or a flame is found, it is determined that the electric vehicle has a fire hazard.

[0065] ​When it is determined that there is a fire hazard, the control module quickly sends instructions to the driving device to open the isolation plate of the isolation device, allowing the electric car to fall into the fire-fighting space under the action of gravity. After the sensor detects that the electric car has completely entered, the control module closes the isolation plate and starts the fire-fighting device. For example, if it is an electrical fire, the gas source device is preferentially started to inject inert gas into the fire-fighting space; if the fire is large and has a tendency to spread, the water source device is simultaneously started to cool and extinguish the fire.

[0066] If the control module determines that there is no fire hazard after analysis, the normal operation of the charging system is maintained, and the monitoring module continues to monitor the data to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0067] Through the comprehensive collection and analysis of multiple types of data, the fire can be detected and determined in the very early stage, even when the fire hazard just appears (such as the stage of abnormal temperature rise of the battery), which greatly improves the accuracy and timeliness of fire warning compared with single data monitoring. After determining the fire hazard, the isolation and fire extinguishing program is quickly started to effectively prevent the fire from spreading to surrounding vehicles and facilities, control the fire loss in the minimum range, and protect the safety and stability of the entire light storage and charging energy system.

[0068] In some embodiments, a temperature data model is established according to case data of temperature changes when the electric car catches fire and case data of temperature changes of the electric car during charging under different weather temperatures; temperature data corresponding to each charging station is collected in real time, multiple temperature data are input into the temperature data model for comparison, and the risk level is determined according to the output result of the temperature data model; if the risk level is high, it is determined that the electric car has a fire hazard and the electric car is extinguished; if the risk level is medium, the collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are analyzed and judged; if the risk level is low, the electric car is kept normal charging.

[0069] First, a large number of temperature change historical case data when the electric car catches fire are collected, which cover temperature curves under different battery types, charging stages, and fire causes, and temperature change case data of the electric car during normal charging under various weather temperature environments (such as high temperature in summer, severe cold in winter, normal temperature, etc.). Based on these rich data, a temperature data model is established by using a machine learning algorithm (such as a neural network algorithm).

[0070] During the operation of the light storage and charging energy fire-fighting system, the temperature data of the electric car battery and the surrounding environment are collected in real time by the temperature sensors distributed at each charging station, for example, one data point is collected every 30 seconds. Multiple temperature data sequences collected in real time are input into the established temperature data model for comparison and analysis.

[0071] The model outputs a corresponding risk level based on the similarity of input data to historical case data, temperature change trends, and other factors. For example, if the input temperature data shows a rapid rise and is highly similar to the temperature changes in typical fire cases, the model determines the risk level as high; if the temperature has some abnormal fluctuations but does not reach the dangerous rapid rise state, it may determine the risk as medium; if the temperature data is basically stable within the normal charging temperature range, it determines the risk as low.

[0072] When the risk level is high, the system directly determines that there is a fire hazard in the electric vehicle, and the control module immediately starts the isolation device and fire extinguishing device to perform fire extinguishing operations on the electric vehicle to prevent further development of the fire. If the risk level is medium, the system further analyzes the collected smoke composition data (such as detecting special components produced by electrolyte combustion through mass spectrometry analysis) and smoke concentration data (judging the amount and change trend of smoke), and comprehensively determines whether there is a fire hazard and the potential severity of the fire to take more precise measures, such as increasing monitoring frequency or preparing fire resources in advance. If the risk level is low, the system maintains the normal charging state of the electric vehicle, and the monitoring module continues data collection to ensure the safety and stability of the charging process.

[0073] By establishing a temperature data model based on a large number of case data, the fire risk during the charging process of the electric vehicle can be more accurately evaluated. Instead of relying on simple temperature threshold judgments, multiple factors such as temperature change trends and similarity to historical fire cases are considered to achieve detailed classification of fire risks. Different response strategies are adopted for different risk levels to avoid overreaction (such as not starting the fire extinguishing program for low-risk) and insufficient response (such as quickly starting fire extinguishing for high-risk), improving the accuracy and rationality of the fire fighting system's handling and effectively reducing false positives and false negatives. This risk assessment method based on data models can detect potential risks, especially medium-risk, according to temperature change trends before the fire hazard is clearly manifested as smoke, flames, and other direct phenomena, providing the possibility of taking preventive measures in advance. Since the temperature data model is based on case data of different weather temperatures and various electric vehicle battery types, it can well adapt to complex and variable actual application scenarios. Whether the electric vehicle is used in cold regions or hot regions, whether it is a new high-performance battery or a traditional battery, the system can accurately assess the risk according to its specific temperature change pattern, ensuring that the fire fighting system can effectively function in various conditions and ensure the fire safety of electric vehicle charging.

[0074] In some embodiments, a smoke component data model and a smoke concentration data model are established based on smoke component case data and smoke concentration case data generated when electric vehicles catch fire, respectively; smoke component data and smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected in real time, and multiple smoke component data and smoke concentration data are input into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, respectively, for comparison, and whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard is determined based on the output results of the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model.

[0075] In the system construction phase, a large number of smoke component case data and corresponding smoke concentration case data when electric vehicles catch fire are collected. These data are widely sourced and can include battery combustion conditions of electric vehicles of different brands and models, and smoke information generated under different charging stages and different fire causes. Using these data, a smoke component data model and a smoke concentration data model are constructed using data mining and machine learning techniques. For example, for the smoke component data model, a convolutional neural network algorithm in deep learning can be used to analyze and model the types and proportions of various chemical components (such as electrolyte decomposition products and plastic combustion products) contained in the smoke; for the smoke concentration data model, a time series analysis algorithm can be used to construct the model based on the change law of smoke concentration over time.

[0076] In actual operation, high-precision smoke component sensors and smoke concentration sensors are provided at each charging station and work continuously. The smoke component sensor can accurately detect the content of multiple chemical components in the smoke, and the smoke concentration sensor can monitor the density of the smoke in real time. For example, data is collected every 10 seconds, and the real-time collected smoke component data and smoke concentration data are input into the corresponding models. The smoke component data model compares the input data with the smoke component data in historical cases to analyze the similarity and abnormality of the chemical components; the smoke concentration data model judges based on the concentration value, change trend, and matching degree with historical cases of the input data.

[0077] The output results of the two models are combined to determine whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard. For example, if the smoke component data model detects a specific dangerous chemical component (such as a large amount of flammable and toxic hydrofluoric acid gas, which may be produced when some lithium batteries burn) and the smoke concentration data model shows that the smoke concentration rises rapidly and exceeds a certain threshold, the system will determine that the electric vehicle has a fire hazard.

[0078] Through the specially established smoke composition data model and smoke concentration data model, more accurate judgment of electric vehicle fire hazards can be made. The smoke composition data model can deeply analyze the chemical composition of the smoke and accurately identify the dangerous components closely related to battery combustion, thereby warning of possible serious fire risks in advance. The smoke concentration data model provides supplementary judgment basis from the perspective of the amount of smoke, and the combination of the two avoids the limitations of single indicator judgment, greatly improves the accuracy of fire hazard judgment, and effectively reduces the misjudgment rate.

[0079] Different types of electric vehicle batteries produce different smoke composition and concentration change characteristics when burning. Through the model established based on a large number of case data, this diversity can be well adapted. Whether it is common lithium-ion batteries, lead-acid batteries, or emerging solid-state batteries, and under different charging power and charging environments (such as high temperature and humid environment), the system can accurately analyze and judge the smoke data according to the model, ensuring effective monitoring of fire hazards under various complex conditions and ensuring the safety of charging facilities and electric vehicles.

[0080] In some embodiments, if the smoke composition data lacks at least one data that does not exist in the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model, the smoke composition data is collected multiple times, and the smoke concentration data is collected simultaneously. The change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained by multiple collections is recorded, and whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard is determined according to the change gradient; if the smoke composition data contains data that does not exist in the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model, the abnormal gas composition is marked during the simultaneous collection of smoke concentration data, and is input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model as a factor for interference gas detection in the next collection of smoke composition data and smoke concentration data.

[0081] In the monitoring process of the light storage and charging energy fire protection system, when the first collected smoke composition data is analyzed and found to lack at least one typical data existing in the pre-established smoke composition data model and smoke concentration data model, for example, a trace amount of gas composition produced by electrolyte decomposition expected to appear in the early stage of battery fire is not detected. At this time, the system will collect smoke composition data multiple times in a short time, such as every 2 seconds, while continuously collecting smoke concentration data. After each collection of smoke concentration data, the difference between the adjacent two data is calculated to obtain the change gradient of the smoke concentration data. If it is found that the change gradient of the smoke concentration is continuously rising and exceeds a certain preset threshold, even if part of the typical smoke composition does not appear, it can be determined that the electric vehicle may have a fire hazard, and the system will accordingly increase the monitoring level or start some auxiliary fire warning measures, such as notifying nearby staff to check the site or increasing the monitoring frequency of other data of the charging station.

[0082] When the smoke component data contains data that does not exist in the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, such as nicotine gas generated by smoking behavior in the parking lot, the system will automatically mark this abnormal gas component during the synchronous collection of smoke concentration data. Then input the data information containing the abnormal gas component into the smoke component data model and the smoke concentration data model, update the parameters and decision logic of the model. In this way, when the smoke component data and smoke concentration data are collected again subsequently, the system can consider this abnormal gas component as a factor for interference gas detection, avoid misjudgment or omission due to the emergence of new gas components, and improve the accuracy and adaptability of the entire system for new battery or special working condition fire hazard judgment.

[0083] Detailed analysis and processing are performed on the possible mismatch of the smoke component data with the model. Whether it is a lack of typical data or the emergence of unknown data, there are corresponding detection and judgment mechanisms. Through multiple collection and change gradient analysis, the fire hazard can be more accurately judged in complex smoke component change scenarios, reducing misjudgment due to abnormal data, and ensuring that the fire protection system can accurately identify dangerous situations and respond in time at the early stage of fire, effectively protecting the safety of charging facilities and the surrounding environment.

[0084] Thus, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concept of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein according to the above description.

[0085] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are only for illustration, not for limiting the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments can be modified or some technical features can be replaced equivalently without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A light energy storage and rechargeable fire fighting system, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a charging station for electric vehicles, comprising: a plurality of charging stations (1) for charging an electric vehicle (9); a plurality of fire-fighting spaces (2) which are not connected to each other, each of which is arranged below a corresponding charging station (1); an isolation device (3) arranged between each charging station (1) and fire-fighting space (2); a drive device connected to the isolation device (3) for opening or closing the isolation device (3) to connect or isolate the charging station (1) and fire-fighting space (2); a fire-fighting device (4) arranged in the fire-fighting space (2) for extinguishing a fire in the fire-fighting space (2); a monitoring module (5) for acquiring real-time data in the charging station (1); a control module connected to the monitoring module (5), fire-fighting device (4) and drive device, which controls the start or stop of the fire-fighting device (4) and drive device according to the data collected by the monitoring module (5); the isolation device (3) comprises an isolation plate arranged in the horizontal direction, which is used for the charging station (1) and fire-fighting space (2) and supports the electric vehicle (9); the isolation plate is slidingly connected to the side wall of the fire-fighting space (2), and the isolation plate is connected to the drive device, which can be translated under the drive of the drive device to connect the charging station (1) and fire-fighting space (2); a plurality of support plates (6) are arranged at intervals and in the vertical direction, and the support plates (6) and the isolation plate and the ground form the fire-fighting space (2); the fire-fighting space (2) is a rectangular cuboid structure; the fire-fighting device (4) comprises a gas source device and / or a water source device; the gas source device and / or the water source device are arranged outside the fire-fighting space (2); the gas source device and / or the water source device are connected to the fire-fighting space (2) through a connecting pipe for filling inert gas and / or water into the fire-fighting space (2); the monitoring module (5) comprises at least one of a temperature sensor, a smoke composition sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a flame sensor and an infrared thermal imager; the monitoring module (5) is arranged above the charging station (1).

2. The light storage energy fire fighting system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: a charging unit comprising a photovoltaic assembly (7) and a storage battery (8), the photovoltaic assembly (7) is electrically connected to the storage battery (8) and can convert solar energy into electrical energy to charge the storage battery (8); the storage battery (8) is arranged below the charging station (1) and below the ground, and is used for charging the electric vehicle (9). The charging station (1) is provided with a switch unit, which is in communication connection with the control module, and can receive the instruction of the control module to control the on-off of the electrical connection between the storage battery (8) and the electric vehicle (9).

3. A fire control method applied to the optical energy storage and charging fire control system of claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Comprise: The monitoring module obtains real-time data in the charging station, which includes at least one of temperature data, smoke concentration data, smoke composition data and flame data; The monitoring module uploads the data to the control module, which analyzes and judges whether there is a fire hazard in the electric vehicle according to the data; If so, control the isolation device to open and make the electric vehicle enter the fire-fighting space, and when the electric vehicle completely enters the fire-fighting space, control the isolation device to close and open the fire-fighting device to extinguish the fire of the electric vehicle in the fire-fighting space; If not, keep the electric vehicle normal charging.

4. The fire control method according to claim 3, wherein, According to the case data of temperature change when the electric vehicle is on fire and the case data of temperature change of the electric vehicle during charging at different weather temperatures, a temperature data model is established; Real-time temperature data corresponding to each charging station is collected, and multiple temperature data is input into the temperature data model for comparison to determine the risk level according to the output result of the temperature data model; If the risk level is high, it is determined that the electric vehicle has a fire hazard and the electric vehicle is extinguished; If the risk level is medium, analyze and judge the collected smoke composition data and smoke concentration data; If the risk level is low, keep the electric vehicle normal charging.

5. The fire control method according to claim 4, wherein, According to the case data of smoke composition and smoke concentration generated when the electric vehicle is on fire, smoke composition data model and smoke concentration data model are established respectively; Real-time smoke composition data and smoke concentration data corresponding to each charging station are collected, and multiple smoke composition data and smoke concentration data are input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model respectively for comparison to determine whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard according to the output result of the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model.

6. The fire control method according to claim 5, wherein, If at least one of the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model is missing in the smoke composition data, smoke composition data is collected multiple times, smoke concentration data is collected simultaneously, the change gradient of the smoke concentration data obtained by multiple collection is recorded, and whether the electric vehicle has a fire hazard is determined according to the change gradient; If the smoke composition data contains data that does not exist in the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model, the abnormal gas composition is marked during the synchronous collection of smoke concentration data, and is input into the smoke composition data model and the smoke concentration data model as a factor for interference gas detection in the next collection of smoke composition data and smoke concentration data.

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