A water hydrogen exchange system

Abstract

This application relates to the field of dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange technology, and provides a water-hydrogen exchange system. The system includes an enrichment water path, a deuterium-rich water output path, and multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices. Each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage water path, and a first heater. The intra-stage water path has a branching node. The first exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to generate depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The second exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to generate deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. The intra-stage water path connects the outlet of the first exchange unit and the inlet of the second exchange unit. The first heater is located in the intra-stage water path and downstream of the branching node. The enrichment water path connects the branching node of the previous intra-stage water path and the inlet of the next-stage first exchange unit. The deuterium-rich water output path connects the branching node of the final intra-stage water path. By cascading multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product can be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange technology, and more particularly to a water-hydrogen exchange system. Background Technology

[0002] This section is intended to provide background or context for the implementation of this application. The description herein should not be construed as an admission that it is prior art.

[0003] Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen, existing in natural water as HDO with an abundance of approximately 0.015%. Deuterium-rich water, with a deuterium abundance far exceeding that of natural water, has important applications in various fields. For example, deuterium-rich water has strong neutron moderation capabilities and a small neutron absorption interface; high-purity deuterium-rich water can be used as a moderator and coolant in heavy water reactors. Furthermore, deuterium-rich water can be used to prepare deuterated drugs, which are metabolized slowly in human tissues and can also serve as tracers. Therefore, establishing a reliable deuterium-rich water production technology route and an effective deuterium-rich water supply guarantee system to ensure a long-term supply of deuterium-rich water is crucial.

[0004] Among related technologies, dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology is used to produce deuterium-rich water. Dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology utilizes the characteristic that the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes decreases with increasing temperature. It is a technology that enriches deuterium in aqueous solution through low-temperature water hydrogen exchange and high-temperature water hydrogen exchange. Therefore, providing a device that can effectively utilize dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology is one of the keys to producing deuterium-rich water. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, embodiments of this application aim to provide a water-hydrogen exchange system capable of producing deuterium-rich water products.

[0006] This application provides a water-hydrogen exchange system, which includes an enriched water path, a deuterium-rich water production path, and multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices. Each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage water path, and a first heater. The intra-stage water path has a diversion node.

[0007] The first exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to produce depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water; the second exchange unit undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water; the water path within the stage connects the outlet of the first exchange unit and the inlet of the second exchange unit; the first heater is located in the water path within the stage and downstream of the diversion node;

[0008] The enriched water path connects the branching node of the intra-level water path of the previous stage to the inlet of the first exchange unit of the next stage; the deuterium-rich water output water path connects the branching node of the intra-level water path of the last stage.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes:

[0010] A liquid pump is installed in the water circuit within the stage, and the liquid pump is located downstream of the first heater.

[0011] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes:

[0012] The internal air passage connects the air inlet of the first exchange unit and the air outlet of the second exchange unit.

[0013] A condenser is installed in the gas path within the stage, and the condenser is used to condense water vapor in the gas path within the stage.

[0014] A second heater is provided in the gas path within the stage, and the second heater is located downstream of the condenser.

[0015] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a condensate water path, one end of which is connected to the condenser, and the other end of which is connected to the pipe section of the intrastage water path located between the diversion node and the first heater.

[0016] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes:

[0017] The circulating air path connects the air outlet of the first exchange unit and the air inlet of the second exchange unit;

[0018] A circulation pump is installed in the circulation air path.

[0019] In some embodiments, the water-hydrogen exchange system includes multiple hydrogen sources, each of the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices corresponds to one hydrogen source, and the hydrogen source is connected to the inlet of the second exchange unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the water-hydrogen exchange system includes a circulating water path that connects to the outlet of the second exchange unit at the next stage and the first heater at the previous stage.

[0021] In some embodiments, the water-hydrogen exchange system includes a water source connected to the inlet of the first exchange unit in the initial stage.

[0022] In some embodiments, both the first exchange unit and the second exchange unit have a catalytic exchange column, the catalytic exchange column comprising a column body, a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst filling the reaction chamber within the column body.

[0023] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the column is 50 mm to 200 mm; and / or,

[0024] The height of the column is between 4000mm and 15000mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit is 50°C to 80°C; and / or,

[0026] The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

[0027] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or,

[0028] The pressure of the second exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0029] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product discharged from the deuterium-rich water production channel is 50% to 99.8%.

[0030] The water-hydrogen exchange system provided in this application embodiment uses multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices. It utilizes a enriched water path to use deuterium-rich water from the previous stage as the feed water for the first exchange unit in the next stage. This not only continuously increases the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product in the output water path, but also reduces the size and dimensions of a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device, facilitating manufacturing. The first heater can preheat the fluid in the water path within the stage, such as deuterium-rich water, thereby improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a water-hydrogen exchange system according to some embodiments of this application, wherein solid arrows schematically represent the flow path of water and dashed arrows schematically represent the flow path of hydrogen.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0034] 1. Abundant waterways;

[0035] 2. Deuterium-rich aquatic product outlet waterway;

[0036] 3. Dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger; 31. First exchange unit; 32. Second exchange unit; 33. Intra-stage water path; 331. Diversion node; 34. First heater; 35. Liquid pump; 36. Intra-stage gas path; 37. Condenser; 38. Second heater; 39. Condensate water path; 301. Circulating gas path; 302. Circulating pump;

[0037] 4. Hydrogen source;

[0038] 5. Circulating water system;

[0039] 6. Water source. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but should not be used to limit the scope of this application.

[0041] The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the detailed embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different combinations of specific technical features / embodiments can form different implementation methods. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of various specific technical features / embodiments in this application will not be described separately. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the "multiple" in the embodiments of this application includes two or more. The unit "mm" refers to millimeters. The unit "L / min" refers to liters per minute. The unit "Nm" refers to... 3 " / h" represents cubic meters per hour under standard conditions, and "N" indicates standard conditions, which refers to a state where the pressure is standard atmosphere and the temperature is 0°C. The unit "°C" is degrees Celsius. The unit "MPa" is megapascals.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 2 This application provides a water-hydrogen exchange system, which includes an enriched water path 1, a deuterium-enriched water output path 2, and multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3.

[0044] Multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3 refer to multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3 connected in sequence, with at least one product of the previous dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 serving as the reactant of the next dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3.

[0045] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, an internal water path 33, and a first heater 34. The internal water path 33 has a diversion node 331.

[0046] The first exchange unit 31 undergoes a water-hydrogen exchange reaction to produce depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water. The second exchange unit 32 undergoes a water-hydrogen reaction to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. The intra-stage water passage 33 connects the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the inlet of the second exchange unit 32. The first heater 34 is located in the intra-stage water passage 33 and downstream of the branch node 331.

[0047] Specifically, the raw water and deuterium-rich hydrogen react in the first exchange unit 31 to produce depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water. The raw water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first exchange unit 31 to produce depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water. The first exchange unit 31 achieves the enrichment of deuterium in the aqueous solution.

[0048] Specifically, the raw material hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water react in the second exchange unit 32 to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and depleted water. Hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second exchange unit 32 to produce depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. The second exchange unit 32 facilitates the transfer of deuterium to the gas phase.

[0049] Deuterium-rich hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water can be the reactants and products of the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32.

[0050] Depleted hydrogen gas refers to hydrogen gas that has had some of its deuterium removed.

[0051] Deuterium-rich water refers to water that is enriched with some deuterium.

[0052] Depleted water refers to water in which some of the deuterium element has been removed.

[0053] Deuterium-enriched hydrogen refers to hydrogen gas enriched with some deuterium.

[0054] The enriched waterway 1 connects the branch node 331 of the intra-level waterway 33 of the previous level to the inlet of the first exchange unit 31 of the next level; the deuterium-rich water production waterway 2 connects the branch node 331 of the intra-level waterway 33 of the last level.

[0055] Each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, and an internal water path 33.

[0056] The outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the water generated by the first exchange unit 31. For example, the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water generated by the first exchange unit 31.

[0057] The inlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to transport raw water into the first exchange unit 31. For example, the inlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to transport water from the water source 6 or deuterium-rich water into the first exchange unit 31.

[0058] The inlet of the second exchange unit 32 is used to transport deuterium-rich water into the second exchange unit 32.

[0059] The diversion node 331 can divide the deuterium-rich water output from the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 into multiple portions for separate transportation.

[0060] The water passage 33 within the stage connects the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the inlet of the second exchange unit 32, meaning that in a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3, the water passage 33 within the stage guides a portion of the deuterium-rich water generated by the first exchange unit 31 to the second exchange unit 32 as a reactant. In other words, the deuterium-rich water in the second exchange unit 32 comes from the first exchange unit 31.

[0061] The enrichment water path 1 connects the branch node 331 of the previous stage's intra-stage water path 33 and the inlet of the next stage's first exchange unit 31. This means that the enrichment water path 1 connects the branch node 331 of two adjacent dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3 and the inlet of the first exchange unit 31. In the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, the enrichment water path 1 diverts a portion of the deuterium-rich water generated by the previous stage's first exchange unit 31 to the next stage's first exchange unit 31 as reactant, while the deuterium-rich water generated by the previous stage's first exchange unit 31 serves as the feed water for the next stage's first exchange unit 31.

[0062] The branch node 331, which connects the deuterium-rich water output waterway 2 to the last stage intra-stage waterway 33, means that part of the deuterium-rich water produced by the first water-hydrogen exchange unit in the last stage is discharged as a deuterium-rich water product through the deuterium-rich water output waterway 2 and no longer participates in the exchange reaction.

[0063] The first heater 34 can provide thermal energy to heat the fluid flowing through the stage water passage 33. For example, the first heater 34 can heat the fluid in the stage water passage 33, such as deuterium-rich water, to the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32.

[0064] In a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3, the deuterium-rich water produced by the first exchange unit 31 can be used as a reactant in the second exchange unit 32, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen produced by the second exchange unit 32 can be used as a reactant in the first exchange unit 31.

[0065] It should be noted that the reaction temperatures of the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 are different. Specifically, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is higher than that of the first exchange unit 31.

[0066] The single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3 utilizes the change in the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes with temperature. The raw material water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first exchange unit 31 to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water. In the first exchange unit 31, deuterium is enriched from the gas phase to the liquid phase. The raw material hydrogen and deuterium-rich water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second exchange unit 32 to generate depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen. In the second exchange unit 32, deuterium is transferred from the liquid phase to the gas phase. This cycle is repeated, and the single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3 continuously produces deuterium-rich water.

[0067] By cascading multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, the deuterium-rich water from the previous stage is used as the raw material water for the first exchange unit 31 of the next stage through the enriched water path 1, thereby continuously increasing the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product in the deuterium-rich water output water path 2.

[0068] The water-hydrogen exchange system provided in this application embodiment uses multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3. It utilizes the enriched water path 1 to use the deuterium-rich water from the previous stage as the raw material water for the first exchange unit 31 in the next stage. This not only continuously increases the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product in the deuterium-rich water output path 2, but also reduces the size and dimensions of a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3, facilitating manufacturing. The first heater 34 can preheat the fluid, such as deuterium-rich water, in the water path 33 within the stage, improving production efficiency.

[0069] It is understandable that "depleted hydrogen" and "deuterium-rich hydrogen" refer to reactants and products, respectively, while "depleted water" and "deuterium-rich water" refer to reactants and products. Taking the first exchange unit 31 as an example, in the first exchange unit 31, the reactant hydrogen gas loses some deuterium to produce depleted hydrogen gas, and the reactant aqueous solution in the first exchange unit 31 is enriched with deuterium to produce deuterium-rich water. The deuterium-rich water is deuterium-rich relative to the reactant aqueous solution, and the depleted hydrogen gas is depleted relative to the reactant hydrogen gas. Taking the second exchange unit 32 as an example, in the second exchange unit 32, the reactant water loses some deuterium to produce depleted water, and the reactant hydrogen gas in the second exchange unit 32 is enriched with deuterium to produce deuterium-rich hydrogen gas. The deuterium-rich hydrogen gas is deuterium-rich relative to the reactant hydrogen gas, and the depleted water is depleted relative to the reactant water. The deuterium abundance of the depleted water generated by the second exchange unit 32 in the next stage may be higher than that of the deuterium-rich water generated by the first exchange unit 31 in the previous stage.

[0070] It should be noted that "next level" refers to the cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3, which includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, and an intra-stage water passage 33, etc. Similarly, the cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3 includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, and an intra-stage water passage 33, etc. "Next level" and "upper level" are used to distinguish between the multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchangers 3 and their structural components.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first heater 34 may be a device that converts electrical energy into heat energy. Exemplary examples include, but are not limited to, a resistance heater or a PTC heater, etc. A PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater is a heater with a positive temperature coefficient.

[0072] The specific structure of the first heater 34 is not limited. As an example, the first heater 34 may include a first chamber and a first heating element. The first chamber is connected to the water channel 33 in the stage, and the first heating element is used to heat the fluid flowing through the first chamber, such as deuterium-rich water.

[0073] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a liquid pump 35, which is located in the water passage 33 within the stage and downstream of the first heater 34.

[0074] Specifically, the liquid pump 35 is located downstream of the first heater 34 in the direction of fluid flow in the internal water passage 33.

[0075] The deuterium-rich water in the internal water channel 33 first flows through the first heater 34, and then through the liquid pump 35.

[0076] In this embodiment, the liquid pump 35 is used to drive the fluid flow in the water channel 33 within the stage, and can control the flow rate of the fluid in the water channel 33 within the stage, thereby controlling the reaction rate.

[0077] The flow rate of the liquid pump 35 can be from 4 L / min to 12 L / min. For example, the flow rate of the liquid pump 35 can be 4 L / min, 5 L / min, 8 L / min, 10 L / min, 11 L / min or 12 L / min, etc.

[0078] The type of pump 35 is not limited; for example, pump 35 includes, but is not limited to, a peristaltic pump.

[0079] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes an internal gas path 36, a condenser 37, and a second heater 38.

[0080] The internal gas passage 36 connects the inlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the outlet of the second exchange unit 32. A condenser 37 is located in the internal gas passage 36 and is used to condense water vapor in the internal gas passage 36. A second heater 38 is located in the internal gas passage 36, downstream of the condenser 37.

[0081] The condenser 37 can cool the water vapor in the gas passage 36 inside the separation stage, thereby reducing the water vapor content in the gas passage 36 inside the stage.

[0082] The second heater 38 can provide thermal energy to heat the fluid flowing through the stage gas passage 36. For example, the second heater 38 can heat the fluid in the stage gas passage 36, such as deuterium-rich hydrogen, to the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31.

[0083] In this embodiment, the gas phase flows through the internal gas path 36, and the liquid phase flows through the internal water path 33, achieving gas-liquid two-phase separation. The condensed gas can be heated by the second heater 38 before being delivered to the inlet of the first exchange unit 31. The condenser 37 can reduce the water content of the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the internal gas path 36, and the second heater 38 can preheat the fluid, such as the deuterium-rich hydrogen, in the internal gas path 36, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second heater 38 may be a device that converts electrical energy into heat energy. Exemplary examples include, but are not limited to, a resistance heater or a PTC heater, etc. A PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) heater is a heater with a positive temperature coefficient.

[0085] The specific structure of the second heater 38 is not limited. As an example, the second heater 38 may include a second chamber and a second heating element. The second chamber is connected to the gas passage 36 in the stage, and the second heating element is used to heat the fluid flowing through the second chamber, such as deuterium-rich hydrogen gas.

[0086] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a condensate water path 39, one end of which is connected to a condenser 37, and the other end of which is connected to the pipe section of the internal water path 33 located between the branch node 331 and the first heater 34.

[0087] Specifically, the connection point between the condensate water path 39 and the internal water path 33 is located between the branch node 331 and the first heater 34.

[0088] In this embodiment, for a single dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchanger 3, the condensate water path 39 transports the condensate water generated by the condenser 37 to the intra-stage water path 33. The connection point between the condensate water path 39 and the intra-stage water path 33 is located downstream of the diversion node 331, preventing the condensate water from entering the enrichment water path 1. The connection point between the condensate water path 39 and the intra-stage water path 33 is located upstream of the first heater 34. The condensate water is heated by the first heater 34 before entering the second exchange unit 32. The recovered condensate water is then transported back to the second exchange unit 32 for the exchange reaction, achieving the recycling of condensate water, improving deuterium utilization, and reducing production costs.

[0089] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 includes a circulating gas path 301 and a circulating pump 302. The circulating gas path 301 is connected to the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 and the inlet of the second exchange unit 32. The circulating pump 302 is located in the circulating gas path 301.

[0090] The outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the gas generated by the first exchange unit 31. For example, the outlet of the first exchange unit 31 is used to discharge the depleted hydrogen gas generated by the first exchange unit 31.

[0091] The inlet of the second exchange unit 32 is used to transport raw material hydrogen into the second exchange unit 32.

[0092] The circulating pump 302 is used to drive the fluid flow in the circulating air passage 301.

[0093] In this embodiment, the circulating gas path 301 transports the depleted hydrogen gas generated by the first exchange unit 31 to the second exchange unit 32 for exchange reaction, thereby realizing the recycling of depleted hydrogen gas, reducing hydrogen consumption, and lowering energy consumption.

[0094] The flow rate of the fluid driven by the circulating pump 302 is not limited; for example, the flow rate of the fluid driven by the circulating pump 302 is 300 Nm. 3 / h to 900Nm 3 / h. For example, the circulation pump 302 drives the fluid at a flow rate of 300 Nm. 3 / h, 400Nm 3 / h, 500Nm 3 / h, 800Nm 3 / h, 850Nm 3 / h or 900Nm 3 / h etc.

[0095] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes multiple hydrogen sources 4, and each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 corresponds to one hydrogen source 4. The hydrogen source 4 is connected to the air inlet of the second exchange unit 32.

[0096] Hydrogen source 4 can be used to provide feedstock hydrogen, such as high-purity hydrogen. High-purity hydrogen can reduce the interference of impurities on the water-hydrogen exchange reaction.

[0097] In this embodiment, each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 corresponds to a hydrogen source 4, which can stably supply raw material hydrogen to each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3, thereby increasing the production capacity of deuterium-rich water.

[0098] The specific raw materials for hydrogen source 4 are not limited. For example, it can be hydrogen produced by chemical production or hydrogen produced by water electrolysis. Regardless of the source, the hydrogen must be removed from the hydrogen through appropriate purification processes to achieve the high-purity hydrogen standard.

[0099] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a circulating water path 5, which connects to the outlet of the second exchange unit 32 at the next stage and the first heater 34 at the previous stage.

[0100] The circulation water path 5 connects the outlet of the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage and the first heater 34 of the previous stage, meaning that the circulation water path 5 connects the outlet of the second exchange unit 32 and the first heater 34 of two adjacent dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3. In the cascaded multiple dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, the circulation water path 5 diverts the depleted water generated by the second exchange unit 32 of the next stage to the first heater 34 of the previous stage for heating, and then enters the second exchange unit 32 of the previous stage as a reactant through the intra-stage water path 33.

[0101] It is understandable that in a series of cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchangers 3, the deuterium abundance of the depleted water produced by the next-stage second exchange unit 32 may be higher than the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water produced by the previous-stage first exchange unit 31, and the depleted water produced by the next-stage second exchange unit 32 can be used as a reactant of the previous-stage second exchange unit 32.

[0102] In this embodiment, the circulating water path 5 can transport the depleted water generated by the next-level second exchange unit 32 back to the previous-level second exchange unit 32 for exchange reaction, thereby improving the utilization rate of deuterium and reducing production costs.

[0103] In some embodiments, the depleted water produced by the initial stage second exchange unit 32 can be discharged into the environment or collected into a storage container.

[0104] The first-level second exchange unit 32 refers to the second exchange unit 32 of the first dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 in the connection sequence of multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, that is, the second exchange unit 32 where the exchange reaction first occurs.

[0105] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes a water source 6, which is connected to the inlet of the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage.

[0106] The first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage refers to the first exchange unit 31 of the first dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 3 in the connection sequence of multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, that is, the first exchange unit 31 in which the exchange reaction first occurs.

[0107] In this embodiment, water source 6 stably supplies raw water to the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage, and then continuously enriches the deuterium element in the water liquid through multiple cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices 3, thereby increasing the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product.

[0108] The type of water provided by water source 6 is not limited. For example, water source 6 can provide deionized water. Deionized water refers to pure water after removing impurities in the ionic state.

[0109] The source of water source 6 is not limited. For example, it can be purified deionized water such as tap water, as long as it meets the deionized water standard.

[0110] In some embodiments, both the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 have a catalytic exchange column, which includes a column body, a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, with the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst filling the reaction chamber inside the column body.

[0111] The column of the first exchange unit 31 can form a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, and an air outlet.

[0112] The column of the second exchange unit 32 can form a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, and an air outlet.

[0113] The water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction occurs under the coupling effect of hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst. This exchange reaction is mainly divided into catalytic exchange reaction and phase exchange reaction, with the phase exchange reaction occurring on the surface of the hydrophilic filler.

[0114] An exchange reaction occurs within the reaction chamber of the column in the first exchange unit 31, producing depleted hydrogen gas and deuterium-rich water.

[0115] An exchange reaction occurs within the reaction chamber of the column in the second exchange unit 32, producing depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen gas.

[0116] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst are packed in a mixed packing and / or a layered packing. For example, the packing method can be mixed packing, or it can be layered packing, or it can be a combination of mixed packing and layered packing.

[0117] For example, the particulate hydrophobic catalyst and hydrophilic filler can be in the form of particles or a regular monolithic structure. For example, when the reaction chamber is large, it can be filled with a regular monolithic hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst. In this way, the water distribution performance within the reaction chamber can be improved, and the overall reaction rate can be increased.

[0118] Hydrophilic packings include, but are not limited to, Dixon packings, triangular spiral packings, Canon packings, and calendered ring packings, etc.

[0119] Hydrophobic catalysts include, but are not limited to, Pt-SDB (supported by polystyrene-divinylbenzene, with platinum supported) hydrophobic catalysts and Pt-PTFE (supported by polytetrafluoroethylene, with platinum supported) hydrophobic catalysts, etc.

[0120] The shape of the column is not limited. For example, the column includes, but is not limited to, cylindrical, elliptical, or prismatic shapes.

[0121] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the column is between 50 mm and 200 mm. The inner diameter of the column refers to the diameter of the reaction chamber of the cylindrical column.

[0122] For example, the inner diameter of the column can be 50mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 150mm or 200mm, etc.

[0123] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the column is moderate, taking into account both production efficiency and manufacturing requirements.

[0124] In some embodiments, the height of the column is 4000mm to 15000mm.

[0125] For example, the height of the column can be 4000mm, 5000mm, 8000mm, 10000mm, 12000mm or 15000mm, etc.

[0126] In this embodiment, the height of the column is moderate, taking into account both production efficiency and manufacturing requirements.

[0127] In some embodiments, the column of the first switching unit 31 may be the same size or different from the column of the second switching unit 32.

[0128] In some embodiments, the hydrophilic filler of the first exchange unit 31 and the hydrophilic filler of the second exchange unit 32 may be the same or different.

[0129] In some embodiments, the hydrophobic catalyst of the first exchange unit 31 and the hydrophobic catalyst of the second exchange unit 32 may be the same or different.

[0130] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is 50°C to 80°C.

[0131] For example, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 can be 50°C, 60°C, 70°C or 80°C, etc.

[0132] In this embodiment, the reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is moderate, which meets the production requirements of deuterium-rich water products.

[0133] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is 150°C to 220°C.

[0134] For example, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 can be 150°C, 160°C, 170°C, 180°C, 190°C, 200°C, 210°C, or 220°C, etc.

[0135] In this embodiment, the reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is moderate, which meets the production requirements of deuterium-rich water products.

[0136] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0137] For example, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 can be 1.8 MPa, 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0138] In this embodiment, the pressure of the first exchange unit 31 is moderate, which meets the production requirements of deuterium-rich aquatic products.

[0139] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0140] For example, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 can be 1.8MPa, 2.0MPa, 2.2MPa, 2.4MPa, 2.6MPa, 2.8MPa or 3.0MPa, etc.

[0141] In this embodiment, the pressure of the second exchange unit 32 is moderate, which meets the production requirements of deuterium-rich water products.

[0142] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product discharged from the deuterium-rich water output channel 2 is 50% to 99.8%.

[0143] For example, the deuterium abundance of deuterium-rich aquatic products can be 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 99.8%, etc.

[0144] It is important to understand that the higher the stage number of the dual-temperature hydrogen exchanger 3, the higher the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water discharged from the enriched water path 1; conversely, the lower the stage number of the dual-temperature hydrogen exchanger 3, the lower the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water discharged from the enriched water path 1. The deuterium-rich water product discharged from the deuterium-rich water output path 2 of the final stage of the dual-temperature hydrogen exchanger 3 can have a deuterium abundance of 50% to 99.8%. The deuterium-rich water discharged from the enriched water path 1 of the dual-temperature hydrogen exchangers 3 before the final stage can have a deuterium abundance of 10% to 50%.

[0145] The water-hydrogen exchange system provided in this application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments:

[0146] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The water-hydrogen exchange system includes two cascaded dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange units 3. The system also includes an enriched water path 1, a deuterium-rich water production path 2, two hydrogen sources 4, a water source 6, and a circulating water path 5. Each dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange unit 3 includes a first exchange unit 31, a second exchange unit 32, an intra-stage water path 33, a first heater 34, a liquid pump 35, an intra-stage gas path 36, a condenser 37, a second heater 38, a condensate water path 39, a circulating gas path 301, and a circulating pump 302. The connections of the above structures are as described above and will not be repeated here.

[0147] The inner diameter of the column can be 100 mm, and the height of the column can be 8000 mm. The reaction chamber of the column is filled with hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst. The hydrophilic filler is Dixon filler, and the hydrophobic catalyst is Pt-SDB. The hydrophilic filler and catalyst are mixed.

[0148] The reaction temperature of the first exchange unit 31 is 60℃. The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit 32 is 200℃. The pressure of both the first exchange unit 31 and the second exchange unit 32 is 2.2 MPa. The flow rate of the peristaltic pump is 8 L / min. The flow rate of the fluid driven by the circulating pump 302 is 600 Nm. 3 / h.

[0149] The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water discharged from the first exchange unit 31 of the initial stage can be 10%.

[0150] The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-rich water product discharged from the deuterium-rich water output channel 2 of the last stage first exchange unit 31 can be 95%.

[0151] In the description of this specification, the references to the terms "an embodiment," "some embodiments," and "exemplary" refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0152] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without creating contradictions. The above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A water hydrogen exchange system characterized by, The water-hydrogen exchange system comprises an enriched water path, a deuterium-enriched water output path, and a plurality of cascaded double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange devices, each double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprising a first exchange unit, a second exchange unit, an intra-stage water path, and a first heater, the intra-stage water path having a split node; The first exchange unit generates depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water through a water-hydrogen exchange reaction; the second exchange unit generates deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water through a water-hydrogen reaction; the intra-stage water path connects the water outlet of the first exchange unit and the water inlet of the second exchange unit; and the first heater is arranged in the intra-stage water path and located downstream of the split node; The enriched water path connects the split node of the intra-stage water path of the upper stage and the water inlet of the first exchange unit of the lower stage. The deuterium-enriched water output path connects the split node of the intra-stage water path of the last stage.

2. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises: A liquid pump arranged in the intra-stage water path, the liquid pump being located downstream of the first heater.

3. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises: An intra-stage gas path connecting the gas inlet of the first exchange unit and the gas outlet of the second exchange unit; A condenser arranged in the intra-stage gas path, the condenser being used for condensing water vapor in the intra-stage gas path; A second heater arranged in the intra-stage gas path, the second heater being located downstream of the condenser.

4. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 3, wherein, The double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises a condensation water path, one end of the condensation water path being connected to the condenser, and the other end of the condensation water path being connected to the intra-stage water path between the split node and the first heater.

5. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises: A circulation gas path connecting the gas outlet of the first exchange unit and the gas inlet of the second exchange unit; A circulation pump arranged in the circulation gas path.

6. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The water-hydrogen exchange system comprises a plurality of hydrogen sources, each double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device corresponding to one hydrogen source, the hydrogen source being connected to the gas inlet of the second exchange unit.

7. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The water-hydrogen exchange system comprises a circulation water path connecting the water outlet of the second exchange unit of the lower stage and the first heater of the upper stage.

8. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 1, wherein, The water-hydrogen exchange system comprises a water source connected to the water inlet of the first exchange unit of the first stage.

9. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, Both the first exchange unit and the second exchange unit have a catalytic exchange column, the catalytic exchange column comprising a column body, a hydrophilic filler, and a hydrophobic catalyst, the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst filling a reaction cavity in the column body.

10. The water hydrogen exchange system of claim 9, wherein, The inner diameter of the column body is 50 mm to 200 mm; and / or The height of the column body is 4000 mm to 15000 mm.

11. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, The reaction temperature of the first exchange unit is 50℃ to 80℃; and / or The reaction temperature of the second exchange unit is 150℃ to 220℃.

12. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, The pressure of the first exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or The pressure of the second exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

13. The water hydrogen exchange system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, The deuterium-enriched water product discharged by the deuterium-enriched water output path has a deuterium abundance of 50% to 99.8%.

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