84results about "Heavy water" patented technology

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for separating tritium from radioactive waste materials and the water from nuclear reactors. Some embodiments involve the reaction of tritiated hydrogen gases with water in the presence of a catalyst in a catalytic exchange column, yielding a more concentrated and purified tritiated water product. Some embodiments involve the use of a permeation module, similar in some respects to a gas chromatography column, in which a palladium permeation layer is used to separate tritiated hydrogen gas from a mixture of gases.

The invention relates to the water treatment technical field, in particular to a preparing method and application of an ultra light water, wherein sulfureted hydrogen two-temperature exchange method or other alternative methods are adopted to produce ultra light water; sulfureted hydrogen two-temperature exchange method realizes separation of hydrogen isotopes through adopting multistage concatenation of cooling tower and thermal tower by use of isotope exchange reaction between sulfureted hydrogen and water; liquid raw material water enters from the top of the cooling tower and flows through the cooling tower and the thermal tower from above to below, while gas material sulfureted hydrogen is added from the part between the cooling tower and the thermal tower and circulates inside the cooling tower and the thermal tower from bottom to top inside; heavy components inside the cooling tower is transferred towards liquid phase through chemical exchange so as to be concentrated inside the liquid phase; liquid material with concentrated the heavy components completes chemical exchange with ascending gas during flowing through the thermal tower, thereby, the heavy components are transferred towards gas phase; finally, finished product with lower content of heavy hydrogen can be obtained after liquid phase material discharged from the thermal tower enters into a degassing column to removing sulfureted hydrogen. The invention has the health effects such as delaying aging, radiation resisting, resisting cell mutation, activating immunocyte, improving basal metabolism level of human body, improving sleep, enhancing physical function of male, beauty and body slimming.

A device and method for concentrating contaminants in a solution comprising contaminated sorbate and clean sorbate wherein the contaminated sorbate freezes at a higher temperature than the clean sorbate. By maintaining the solution at a temperature between the freezing point of the contaminated sorbate and the freezing point of the clean sorbate, the clean sorbate may be evaporated off for processing through a sorbent/sorbate working pair adsorption/desorption cycle. Sensors in the adsorption chamber monitors for the presence of contaminated sorbate vapor. Sensors in the evaporator chamber monitor the temperature of the solution and partial pressure within the evaporator chamber. If contaminated sorbate vapor is detected in the adsorption chamber, or the temperature of the solution rises above the freezing point of the contaminated sorbate, or the partial pressure of the evaporator chamber deviates from the acceptable range of partial pressures, then during desorption, the sorbate vapor is directed to a contaminated condenser for recycling back to the solution. If contaminated sorbate vapor is not detected in the adsorption chamber, and the temperature of the solution did not rise above the freezing point of the contaminated sorbate, and the partial pressure of the evaporator chamber did not deviate from the acceptable range of partial pressures, then during desorption, the sorbate vapor is directed to a clean condenser where it is condensed and removed from the concentrator.

The invention discloses a simultaneous upgrading and tritium removal process of heavy water, and belongs to the technical fields of heavy water upgrading and tritium removal. The simultaneous upgrading and tritium removal process of heavy water uses Pt / C / PTFE or Pt-SDB as a catalyst, and employs D2 to conduct isotope exchange with HDO and DTO in heavy water. The process provided by the invention avoids disadvantages of two separate devices in the traditional process for protium and tritium removal in heavy water, achieves simultaneous removal of protium and tritium, effectively reduces production cost and risks in the treatment process; in addition, by identifying key process parameters, the reaction effect of the upgrading and tritium removal process is ensured, effect of each treatment process is improved, and the economic performance of the whole process is improved.

The present invention provides a process whereby pre-enrichment of water streams using a hydrogen source and a catalytic isotope exchange method at one or more remote sites to supply water with augmented deuterium concentration to a central heavy water. This central heavy water plant could be a Combined Electrolysis and Catalytic Exchange (“CECE”) heavy water production plant or a Girdler Sulfide heavy water plant. The deuterium content of water at the remote sites is increased and provides water stream(s) with augmented deuterium concentration to feed to the central heavy water production plant. This could be a first stage of the central CECE deuterium enrichment plant, increasing its capacity for heavy water production approximately in the ratio of its enrichment above natural deuterium concentrations. By relatively simple utilization of available deuterium enrichment capacity at the remote sites, advantages are achieved from a larger scale of heavy water production at the central production plant. The invention further provides systems and methods for adapting chlorate and chlorine dioxide systems which produce hydrogen to additionally produce deuterium-enriched water.

The invention relates to a production method and a production device of chemical products, in particular to the production method of doubly labeled water consisting of deuterium and heavy oxygen O<18> enriched by a water reification method as well as a water rectification device thereof. The rectification device provided by the invention consists of a rectification tower in multilevel series or in multilevel and parallel series; each level of the rectification tower are connected in phase transition way; the connection way is to transport the steam in tower bottom to the top of the lower tower by using pressure difference and the steam is condensed to be liquid phase to enter lower level tower; ascending steam of the lower tower top is condensed to be liquid phase and then flows into higher level tower top automatically. In the invention, as a reboiler at the tower bottom adopts falling film evaporation, the tower bottom is dry all the time without the retention of liquid to greatly save the balancing time. On the other hand, as no rotating parts such as a pump, etc. is adopted, the possible troubles caused by leakage, power failure, mechanical fault, etc. can be avoided to ensure constant and reliable operation of the system, which is important for isotope separation.

Disclosed is a process and a system for recovery of isotopologues of water from an aqueous liquid stream containing dissolved impurities.

The invention relates to a method and equipment for producing heavy water by utilizing solar energy. The equipment consists of (N+1) containers which efficiently absorb sunlight, a steam collector and a heavy water collector. The method comprises the following steps that (N+1) level of distillation on natural water is carried out by using solar energy, wherein common water of the Nth level flows into the (N+1)th level, and steam formed by radiation and evaporation of sunlight of water in the (N+1)th level is guided to water of the Nth level; steam is collected in the first level, light water is condensed, and water in the (N+1)th level is collected to obtain high purity heavy water. The method and the device provided by the invention have the advantages that the equipment of extracting heavy water has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient construction and low cost; as heavy water is extracted by directly using solar energy, emission of carbon dioxide is reduced while the cost is saved.

The invention discloses a catalyst for the catalytic oxidation of gaseous hydrogen tritide. The catalyst is obtained mainly by supporting platinum oxide by adopting the oxide of transition metal as a carrier, wherein the transition metal is Al, Ti, Mn, Co, Fe, Cu and Ni. Air serving as the catalyst is carried into a reactor to convert elementary tritium in the hydrogen tritide into water. The catalyst is subjected to hydrophobic modification, and is high in activity, long in service life and particularly applied to the catalytic oxidation recovery of tritium in the hydrogen tritide.

An electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus for recycling an isotope of hydrogen includes an electrochemical recycling unit, the unit comprising: an anode; a cathode; and an isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane operatively disposed between the anode and cathode, the isotope-treated, proton exchange membrane having heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen therein, the device configured to receive a feedstream containing the isotope of hydrogen. A process by which high purity hydrogen isotope products are produced using an electrochemical membrane process in which all conventional water containing components are pre-processed using a heavy water containing the isotope of hydrogen.

An industrial apparatus 10 and/or method, such as an electrochemical hydrogen isotope recycling apparatus and/or method, includes an apparatus 49 and/or process by which gaseous D₂ is recovered in a reactor 3 from a gas stream via a reaction in the reactor with another molecule to form a useful chemical compound containing D.

The invention relates to a composite catalyst based on a conjugated microporous polymer, and a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: acidifying an inert carrier, and then reacting the acidified inert carrier with a silane coupling agent to obtain a carrier having an amino group-modified surface; reacting the carrier having the amino group-modified surface with halogenated benzaldehyde to obtain a halogenated carrier; carrying out a coupling reaction on the halogenated carrier, a first monomer and a second monomer under the action of a catalyst to obtain a conjugated microporous polymer-modified carrier; and contacting the conjugated microporous polymer-modified carrier with an organic solution of a noble metal salt, and carrying out a hydrogen reduction reaction to obtain the composite catalyst based on the conjugated microporous polymer. The conjugated microporous polymer with high radiation resistance and high hydrophobicity is loaded on the surface of the inert carrier to form a matrix for loading the noble metal in order to improve the catalytic performance and the restart performance of the noble metal catalyst, and the composite catalyst is used for catalytic oxidation of hydrogen and its isotopes.

The invention relates to a tritiated water preparation apparatus and method, and belongs to the field of tritiated water preparation. The tritiated water preparation apparatus comprises a tritium storage metal tank, a first gas mass flow controller, an oxygen bottle, a second gas mass flow controller, a tritium and oxygen composite catalytic reactor, a cold trap, a tail gas collecting tank and a vacuum pump, the tritium storage metal tank communicates with the first gas mass flow controller, the oxygen bottle communicates with the second gas mass flow controller, the first gas mass flow controller and the second gas mass flow controller respectively communicate with the tritium and oxygen composite catalytic reactor, the tritium and oxygen composite catalytic reactor communicates with the cold trap, and the tail gas collecting tank and the vacuum pump respectively communicate with the cold trap. The tritiated water preparation method comprises working steps of the apparatus. The tritiated water preparation apparatus and the tritiated water preparation method realize rapid compounding of tritium and oxygen, recycling of tail gas tritium and obtaining of highly pure tritiated water, and have the characteristics of high preparation efficiency, low cost and high safety.

The invention discloses a system for preparing deuterium-depleted water and deuterium-rich water by separating natural water. A core of the system is provided with a closed loop, a plurality of separation columns are sequentially connected in an end-to-end manner to form the closed loop, the system further comprises a raw material water storage tank, a deuterium-rich water storage tank, a deuterium-depleted water storage tank, a metering pump, a carburetor, pipelines and valves, and the pipelines and the valves are connected with the devices. According to the system, separation is implementedby the aid of moving bed simulation principles, raw material water vapor circularly moves in the closed loop formed by the separation columns through sequentially heating and cooling of the separationcolumns and control of a one-way valve, a constantly increased deuterium concentration gradient is acquired along with increase of cycle number, the deuterium-rich water is extracted from the top ofthe separation column at the near end of a heating loop, and the deuterium-depleted water is extracted from the bottom of the separation column at the far end of the heating loop after certain times of heating and cooling circulation of the separation columns are implemented. The system is simple in structure, convenient to control, smaller in device size and lower in construction cost, fillers are low in cost, and the natural water can be directly separated by the aid of a semi-continuous mode to prepare the deuterium-depleted water and the deuterium-rich water.

The invention relates to a method for simultaneously producing oxygen 18 water and poor deuterium oxide, which adopts a cascade distillation tower with 3600 pieces of tower tray levels to distill natural water, wherein, raw water is fed in the 39th-80th tower tray level (being counted from top to bottom), the feed rate is 20-80kg/h, an operating parameter is seen in table 1, the poor deuterium oxide produced on the tower top has a deuterium content of no higher than 50ppm, and the oxygen 18 water produced at the tower bottom has a oxygen 18 content of no less than 97.36 percent. The method of the invention utilizes a device used for producing the oxygen 18, which not only produces the oxygen 18 water without reducing yield, but also simultaneously produces the poor deuterium oxide with a yield of 120kg/h, thus greatly improving economic benefits.

The invention relates to an extracting and zero-discharging method of seawater bittern multi-elements. With the method, zero-discharging of seawater bittern can be realized, such that surrounding marine area ecological balance can be protected, and marine pollution can be avoided. Because economic benefits brought by traditional bittern utilization technologies are poor, the utilization rate of bittern is lower than 20%, and all of the rest of bittern is discharged into the sea. If the situation continues, marine environment will be polluted, and a variety of fishes will become extinct. With the method provided by the invention, energy can be saved with a high efficiency, cost can be saved, the bittern resource can be fully utilized, zero-discharging can be realized, bittern can be prevented from polluting the marine environment, and future sea salt production pressures on enterprises can be alleviated.

The invention discloses a platinum-charcoal/rare earth oxide composite-phase hydrophobic catalyst, and a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problem of low active metal utilization rate in the prior art. The platinum charcoal/rare earth oxide composite phase hydrophobic catalyst is characterized in that platinum charcoal is taken as a catalytic active component, a rare earth oxide is taken as a catalytic assistant, polytetrafluoroethylene is taken as a bonding agent and a hydrophobic medium, and metal fiber mat is taken as a support carrier; the platinum-charcoalcontains 0.1 to 20 percent by weight of platinum; the weight ratio of the addition amount of the rare earth oxide to the platinum charcoal is 1 : (1 to 10); the weight ratio of the platinum-charcoal/rare earth oxide composite-phase to the polytetrafluoroethylene is 1 : (1 to 4); in case that the mass of the catalyst is 100 percent, the content of the metal fiber mat is 30 to 70 percent by weight.The platinum-charcoal/rare earth oxide composite-phase hydrophobic catalyst has the advantages of scientific design and simple method, and the catalyst has superior catalyzing performance.

Utilizing the fact that a predetermined adsorbent adsorbs light water at an initial desorption rate higher than heavy water and semi-heavy water, deuterium depleted water having a reduced concentration of heavy water and semi-heavy water is produced easily and in a short time.

A method for producing deuterium depleted water by removing heavy water and semi-heavy water from water, the method including: a desorption process in which a relative pressure around a predetermined adsorbent with adsorbed water vapor is reduced, and in which water vapor desorbed from the adsorbent is recovered during a period of time when a desorption rate of light water>a desorption rate of the heavy water and semi-heavy water.

An system for separating tritiated water from common water, using gravity and the freezing point of tritiated water to cause tritiated water to freeze along the inside of a conically-shaped collection chamber. The common water and liquid tritiated water that pass out the bottom of the conically-shaped collection chamber are pumped back to the top of the conically-shaped collection chamber for repeated runs until sufficient tritiated water has frozen to the inside of the conically-shaped collection chamber. A water wheel is positioned to assist in powering the pump that drives water through repeated runs.