96 results about "Hydrogen isotope" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for continuously and efficiently adsorbing and separating hydrogen isotopes. The hydrogen isotopes are separated by adopting a multi-tower variable-temperature variable-pressure device operated in a simulated moving bed operation mode. When the device runs, each adsorption tower needs to sequentially execute the following steps: 1, adsorption; 2, replacement; 3, heating; 4, vacuumizing and desorbing; 5, carrying out vacuum purging; 6, pressurizing and cooling; the operation mode of the simulated moving bed is that an adsorption tower is frequently, sequentially and synchronously moved along the gas flowing direction in the tower through all gas input and output ports, so that an adsorbent phase and a gas flowing phase in the tower form countercurrent flow, and the hydrogen isotope adsorption separation efficiency is enhanced. The invention relates to a technological process of cyclic adsorption, replacement, heating, vacuum desorption, pressurization and cooling, continuous and efficient hydrogen and isotope adsorption separation is realized, multi-tower serial adsorption and replacement are adopted in the process, and separation of hydrogen isotopes (such as H2 / D2) is enhanced; and the desorption efficiency of heavy components is improved by adopting a heating and vacuumizing depressurization coupling mode.

The invention provides a deep natural gas formation cause identification and quantitative evaluation method combined with methane cluster isotope composition, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration. Based on a method of combining methane cluster isotope values (delta13CH3D and delta12CH2D2) with stable hydrocarbon isotope values (delta13CCH4 and deltaDCH4), the relative contribution of each end member of an inorganic cause and a thermal cause to deep natural gas accumulation is quantitatively analyzed according to the cluster isotope values of two methane sources, namely Fischer-Tropsch inorganic synthesis and organic matter thermal cracking. According to the method, the multi-solution limitation caused by the fact that a traditional method only depends on the methane monomer isotope is overcome, the accuracy of deep natural gas cause type judgment is remarkably improved through the methane cluster isotope, and accurate quantitative evaluation of the proportion of different cause components in the mixed-source natural gas is achieved; and a more reliable basis is provided for exploration and development of deep natural gas resources.

The application discloses a testing device and testing method for hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of fusion reactor application materials, relates to material testing technology in the hydrogen field, and belongs to the field of material testing technology in the hydrogen field. The testing device for hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of fusion reactor application materials comprises the following: a membrane sample is installed in a membrane testing cavity to divide the membrane testing cavity into a gas inlet sub-cavity and a permeation sub-cavity; a gas inlet tank is selectively communicated with the gas inlet sub-cavity to supply testing gas; a collecting tank is selectively communicated with the permeation sub-cavity to collect outflowing gas; a vacuum pumping structure is used for pumping the gas inlet sub-cavity and the permeation sub-cavity; a heating structure is used for heating the gas inlet sub-cavity and the permeation sub-cavity; a high-resolution mass spectrometer is selectively communicated with the permeation sub-cavity, and gas selectively flows into the high-resolution mass spectrometer. The testing device for hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of fusion reactor application materials can control the gas pressure and temperature in the two sub-cavities respectively, thereby accurately determining the hydrogen isotope permeation parameters of the materials, and the precision is high, and the data resolution is excellent.

The invention belongs to the technical field of tritium removal pump sets, and discloses a molecular pump set for evacuating a hydrogen isotope-containing super-large cavity, which comprises a stainless steel closed cavity and a super-large vacuum cavity, and is characterized in that a first tritium removal pump set and a second tritium removal pump set are respectively arranged in the stainless steel closed cavity through a fixing frame; the first tritium removal pump set and the second tritium removal pump set each comprise four tritium removal pumps, and the first tritium removal pump set and the second tritium removal pump set are integrally arranged in parallel and both communicate with the ultra-large vacuum cavity. According to the invention, the eight tritium removal pumps are mounted in the stainless steel chamber, and a connection mode of'parallel connection + series connection 'is creatively adopted, so that the requirement of continuous evacuation of the large chamber is met. In the initial stage, the eight tritium removal pumps operate in parallel so as to improve the overall pumping speed, the latter four tritium removal pumps serve as backing pumps, and the other four tritium removal pumps serve as main pumping pumps so as to improve the compression ratio of pumped tritium, increase the pressure of an exhaust port and improve the pumping efficiency of tritium.

The invention relates to a method for identifying natural gas causes by using methane carbon and hydrogen isotopes, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration and development. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acquiring methane carbon and hydrogen isotope data of a natural gas sample in a target area; (2) respectively carrying out thermal simulation experiments on the oil-type gas hydrocarbon source rock sample and the coal-formed gas hydrocarbon source rock sample, determining methane carbon isotope characteristics of the oil-type gas and the coal-formed gas, and judging typical oil-type gas and coal-formed gas in the natural gas sample in the step (1) by combining geologic characteristics; and (3) performing methane carbon and hydrogen isotope clustering analysis on the typical oil-type gas and the coal-formed gas, establishing a methane carbon and hydrogen isotope identification chart of the oil-type gas and the coal-formed gas, and identifying the natural gas cause according to the identification chart. The judgment method is higher in accuracy, and a feasible way is provided for judgment of natural gas reservoir causes in a high heat evolution stage and in regions with complex causes.

The invention discloses a process and a control method for continuous separation of hydrogen isotopes, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen isotope separation. According to the process, a countercurrent continuous operation mode is adopted, an adsorption tower is divided into an adsorption area, a replacement area and a regeneration area, and reverse movement of an adsorbent and a material is simulated by periodically switching the material inlet and outlet positions of the adsorption tower; the adsorption towers and connecting pipelines are soaked in a constant-temperature coolant, and separation is realized by virtue of acting force difference of an adsorbent on hydrogen isotopes; according to the control method, digital control logic is adopted, the valve state is edited through a spreadsheet, software is controlled to analyze data, a PLC executes valve switching, and accurate regulation and control of the multi-tower operation state under different working conditions are achieved. The method provided by the invention solves the problems of high equipment investment and large energy consumption of a traditional separation method, has the advantages of high separation factor, high recovery rate and stable continuous operation, and is suitable for hydrogen isotope separation requirements of different feed gas proportions and different treatment capacities.

The invention comprises a catalyst device (1) for hydrogen isotope exchange analysis, wherein the catalyst device (1) consists of a catalyst carrier (10) and a catalyst material (20) applied to a surface (12) of the carrier (10), wherein at least the carrier surface (12) consists of an inorganic material and the catalyst material is sputtered or electrodeposited on at least a part of the surface (12) of the carrier (10). The invention further pertains to a sample vessel (100) for hydrogen isotope exchange analysis, wherein the sample vessel (100) contains one or more catalyst devices (1) according to the invention, wherein a maximum outer diameter (D) of the catalyst device (1) is smaller than a minimum inner diameter (101) of an opening of the sample vessel (100) or of the sample vessel (100) itself. The invention also foresees a method of hydrogen isotope analysis employing the sample vessel (100) and the use of the catalyst device (1) in a method of hydrogen isotope analysis.

The invention relates to a generation method, device, equipment and medium of a natural gas cause identification chart, in particular to the technical field of natural gas exploration, and the generation method comprises the following steps: performing a hydrocarbon generation simulation test on a hydrocarbon source rock sample to obtain gaseous analysis gas; performing natural gas composition analysis, natural gas C6-C8 light hydrocarbon composition analysis and natural gas C1-C5 carbon isotope and hydrogen isotope analysis on gaseous analysis gas, and drawing a gas component-gas component relational graph, a light hydrocarbon component-light hydrocarbon component relational graph and a hydrocarbon gas carbon isotope-carbon isotope relational graph of different closed systems; and screening parameters with differences to establish a natural gas cause identification chart of the high-over mature multi-closed system. According to the generation method provided by the invention, a hydrocarbon generation simulation experiment and oil-gas product chemical analysis are carried out, a multi-closed system natural gas cause identification chart is established, and theoretical support is provided for cover layer closure evaluation in regional oil-gas exploration, regional oil-gas resource evaluation and oil-gas-containing distant view and exploration field evaluation.

To provide a hydrogen isotope separation system capable of achieving stabilization of operation.SOLUTION: A hydrogen isotope separation system 10 comprises an electrolyzer 12, a separator 14, a coupler 15, a circulation flow passage 10e, a pump 18, and a control device 21 which controls the pump 18. The electrolyzer 12 performs electrolysis upon water including heavy water. The separator 14 separates a hydrogen isotope which is discharged from the electrolyzer 12. The coupler 15 generates power with light hydrogen which is discharged from the separator 14. The circulation flow passage 10e connects an anode supply path 10a and an anode discharge path 10c which are provided with respect to an anode 15b of the coupler 15 to which the light hydrogen is supplied while detouring the coupler 15. The pump 18 circulates fluid from the anode discharge path 10c toward the anode supply path 10a in the circulation flow passage 10e.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The application discloses application of a titanium carbide loaded osmium metal hydrogen evolution and deuterium evolution catalyst in water electrolysis separation of hydrogen isotopes, the carrier of the hydrogen evolution and deuterium evolution catalyst is titanium carbide, the active component is osmium metal loaded on the carrier, and the loading amount of the osmium metal is 7-15% of the mass of the carrier. The hydrogen isotope separation efficiency is improved by improving the composition and structure of the hydrogen evolution and deuterium evolution catalyst. The osmium metal is loaded on the titanium carbide base, the hydrogen evolution selectivity is improved and the energy consumption is reduced through strong mutual action of the metal-carrier.

The invention discloses an application of a titanium carbide loaded osmium metal hydrogen evolution and deuterium evolution catalyst in water electrolysis separation of hydrogen isotopes, a carrier of the hydrogen evolution and deuterium evolution catalyst is titanium carbide, an active component is osmium metal loaded on the carrier, and the loading amount of the osmium metal is 7-15% of the mass of the carrier. The hydrogen isotope separation efficiency is improved by improving the composition and the structure of the hydrogen and deuterium evolution catalyst. Osmium metal is loaded on a titanium carbide substrate, and hydrogen evolution selectivity is improved and energy consumption is reduced through strong interaction of metal and a carrier.

The invention relates to a gaseous hydrogen isotope separation device and system and a gaseous hydrogen isotope separation method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen isotope separation. The gaseous hydrogen isotope separation device comprises an anode gas diffusion layer, an anode catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a cathode catalyst layer and a cathode gas diffusion layer which are sequentially stacked; the anode gas diffusion layer and the anode catalyst layer are positioned in an anode region of the gaseous hydrogen isotope separation device, and the cathode catalyst layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer are positioned in a cathode region of the gaseous hydrogen isotope separation device; the gas inlet and the first gas outlet are formed in the anode region; the second gas outlet is formed in the cathode region; the gas inlet is used for being communicated with hydrogen isotope mixed gas; the anode region is connected with the anode of a power supply, and the cathode region is connected with the cathode of the power supply. According to the device, the hydrogen isotope mixed gas can be rapidly separated, the separation factor of the gaseous hydrogen isotope is high, and the separation effect is good.

A method for forming a semiconductor structure includes: providing a substrate; forming an initial buried layer within the substrate, the initial buried layer containing doped ions; and annealing the initial buried layer to form a buried layer, wherein the annealing gas includes an inert gas and hydrogen, or an inert gas and a hydrogen isotope gas. Since the annealing gas does not contain oxygen, it does not cause excessive consumption of the initial buried layer, thus preventing significant surface depressions. Furthermore, silicon substrates have dangling bonds on their surface; hydrogen annealing allows hydrogen atoms to enter the silicon crystal and bind to these dangling bonds, thereby eliminating interface states. Compared to elemental hydrogen, hydrogen isotopes have higher bond energies with silicon, making them less prone to breakage and thus better eliminating interface states. Moreover, high-temperature hydrogen or hydrogen isotope gas annealing can also eliminate surface and internal voids and defects in the substrate, improving surface roughness.

In view of the foregoing, exemplary embodiments provide a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device and a substrate processing apparatus capable of efficiently performing radical oxidation.SOLUTION: According to one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is provided. The method of manufacturing a semiconductor device includes performing radical oxidation on a first film using plasma generated by a processing gas containing a gas of an isotope of hydrogen.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The application discloses a method and device for preparing elements on demand by means of controllable nuclear fusion-nuclear transmutation with deuterium (hydrogen isotope) as the only raw material, belonging to the technical field of controllable nuclear physics and element synthesis, and suitable for laboratory small-batch research scenarios. The core is that under controllable conditions in the laboratory, 10-15 MeV high-energy neutrons are generated by deuterium nuclear fusion, and low-radioactivity / stable target materials are directionally bombarded, and stable products such as noble metals and rare earth elements are directionally prepared through nuclear transmutation and decay (1-50g per single preparation), the reaction by-products can be recycled, the fusion energy recovery rate is greater than or equal to 30%, and the external power supply accounts for less than or equal to 70%, which does not constitute unlimited energy output. The total floor area of the device is less than or equal to 10 m2, and the total power is less than or equal to 200 kW, and the device has the advantages of wide raw material sources, environmental friendliness, strong controllability and the like, and can be applied to the fields of noble metal preparation, new energy material synthesis, harmless treatment simulation of nuclear waste and the like, and fills the technical gap of global laboratory-level deuterium-based element preparation on demand.

The invention provides a system for producing deuterium-rich water by combining chemical exchange and liquid ammonia rectification, which comprises an ammonia A2 storage unit, an ammonia water exchange device, a liquid ammonia rectification device and a water ammonia exchange device, and three processes of ammonia water exchange, liquid ammonia rectification and water ammonia exchange are coupled and connected in series to construct a complete hydrogen isotope (deuterium) enrichment path. According to the path, deuterium is efficiently transferred from high-boiling-point raw water to a low-boiling-point ammonia medium through ammonia water exchange, low-energy-consumption and high-magnification deuterium enrichment is achieved in an N-stage rectifying tower through liquid ammonia rectification by means of the low-boiling-point characteristic of liquid ammonia, and finally high-deuteration-degree ammonia is efficiently converted back to high-deuteration-degree deuterium-enriched water through reverse water ammonia exchange. Cooperative transmission of the material flow and the isotope flow is obviously optimized, and directional and step-by-step enrichment of deuterium in the material flow process is achieved.

The present application particularly relates to a method for producing helium-3 from heavy water in a heavy water reactor, comprising: step 1, subjecting the heavy water in a moderator system of a heavy water reactor unit to negative pressure rectification to obtain concentrated high-tritium heavy water; step 2, subjecting the concentrated high-tritium heavy water in step 1 to beta decay to produce helium-3 raw gas; and step 3, subjecting the helium-3 raw gas in step 2 to active carbon adsorption, helium-argon separation and hydrogen isotope gas adsorption to obtain helium-3. The method for producing helium-3 from heavy water in a heavy water reactor avoids technical difficulties and high costs of helium-3 / helium-4 isotope separation, and has high technical maturity and good economy.

This invention discloses a hydrogen isotope permeation research device based on radio frequency plasma, belonging to the field of hydrogen isotope permeation research technology. The device includes a quartz tube, one end of which is connected to an inlet unit, and the other end has a fixed flange with a gas venting channel. A permeation tube is detachably and sealed to the fixed flange, and the inner cavity of the permeation tube is connected to a permeation flux detection unit. A tubular furnace corresponding to the permeation tube and a coupling coil electrically connected to a radio frequency generator are fitted around the quartz tube. The device also includes an in-situ reverse cleaning unit that can replace the permeation flux detection unit and a plasma diagnostic unit that can replace the permeation tube. This invention uses a radio frequency plasma source, which has high plasma density and a wide parameter adjustment range, effectively processing combined hydrogen isotopes. The in-situ reverse cleaning unit improves the permeation flux and operational stability. The modular structure provides strong engineering scalability and can support the systematic research and engineering development of ultrapermeation pumps.

This invention discloses a method for accurately tracing geological hydrogen migration, belonging to the field of geological hydrogen exploration and migration tracing technology. The invention involves preparing stable hydrogen isotopes and radioactive tritium tracers with specific geochemical fingerprints and injecting them into target geological units; deploying a three-dimensional monitoring network including sensor arrays and automatic samplers to collect hydrogen concentration data and gas samples in real time; laboratory analysis to determine hydrogen isotope composition and rare gas concentrations, using an N2-He-Ar ternary diagram to identify gas sources and eliminate interference; integrating data and performing numerical simulations using migration control equations coupled with isotope fractionation effects, optimizing parameters through inversion algorithms; and generating a three-dimensional visualization map of hydrogen migration paths and a quantitative report based on the inversion results. This invention achieves a breakthrough in geological hydrogen migration from qualitative detection to quantitative tracking, significantly improving the reliability and accuracy of tracing, enabling real-time dynamic capture of the migration process, and providing precise decision-making basis for hydrogen exploration.

This invention discloses a method for detecting hydrogen deuteride after water-hydrogen isotope liquid-phase catalytic exchange. The apparatus used in this method includes a first Erlenmeyer flask, a metering pump, a catalytic exchange bed, a flow meter, and a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. The detection process is as follows: a mixture of heavy water and purified water is filled into the first Erlenmeyer flask; a hydrophobic catalyst and hydrophilic filler for the isotope exchange reaction are filled into the catalytic exchange bed; the mixed water enters the catalytic exchange bed from the top and undergoes an isotope exchange reaction with hydrogen gas entering from the bottom of the bed; the deuteride gas after the exchange reaction is directly introduced into the time-of-flight mass spectrometer for detection via the flow meter. This method can monitor the changing trend of deuteride gas after water-hydrogen isotope liquid-phase catalytic exchange online. Simultaneously, the performance of the catalyst, the packing ratio, and the packing method can be examined, thereby further guiding the process. This method features fast analysis speed and high sensitivity.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of hydrogen isotope labeled vortioxetine. The synthesis method comprises four steps of reaction: construction of diaryl sulfide, selective deuteration of methyl, selective reduction of cyano and coupling reaction of carbon-nitrogen bonds. According to the key step, deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide is used as a deuterium source under the catalysis of a methyl selective deuterated alkali metal catalyst, and methyl deuterated dimethyl sulfoxide and a methyl benzene intermediate are selectively subjected to a methyl deuterated reaction. The method effectively avoids the harsh condition of low temperature for introducing a deuterated methyl scheme after aryl halogenated hydrocarbon lithium halide exchange and deuterated iodomethane reaction, avoids the generation of dehalogenation byproducts, and overcomes the defects that the product is difficult to purify, the reaction is difficult to amplify and produce and the like. The key step of the invention adopts a specific alkali metal salt as a catalyst to carry out methyl deuteration reaction, and combines cyanobenzene to selectively reduce and construct another methyl, so the method has the remarkable advantages of low cost, environmental protection, simple process and suitability for industrial production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of isotope preparation, and particularly relates to a system and method for producing hydrogen isotopes with low energy consumption. The embodiment of the invention provides a system and a method for producing hydrogen isotopes with low energy consumption. The system comprises a power supply, a first storage tank, a steam generation heater, a heat recovery solid oxide tank, a gas-water condensation separator, a second storage tank, a gas cylinder storage tank and a purification separation column, heavy water in the first storage tank enters a steam generation heater to be heated into heavy water steam, and then enters a heat recovery solid oxide tank to be continuously electrolyzed and heated; and the cathode electrode of the heat recovery solid oxide tank generates high-temperature deuterium gas, and finally high-purity deuterium gas is separated and produced through the purification column. Due to the design of heat exchange, the heat loss of the system is reduced, the technological process is simple and efficient, the utilization rate of raw materials is increased, good economic practicability is achieved, the problem of high energy consumption in the application process of the solid oxide technology is solved, the product cost is reduced, and industrial application is promoted.

The invention discloses a high-radiation-resistance rare earth oxide hydrogen isotope permeation-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof, which are suitable for hydrogen isotope permeation protection on the surface of a metal structure serving under the working conditions of high temperature, radiation and the like, and are particularly suitable for key metal components in nuclear energy related devices and hydrogen energy related systems. The rare earth oxide coating is prepared on the surface of the metal substrate through a sol coating technology, controllable adjustment of the defect concentration of lattice points in the coating is achieved by regulating and controlling the gas partial pressure in the high-temperature heat treatment process, and therefore the radiation resistance and the hydrogen resistance of the coating are synergistically improved, and even under the condition that the accumulated radiation dose reaches 10 dpa, the hydrogen resistance of the coating is improved. The structure of the coating is still stable, and the hydrogen isotope permeation inhibition factor (PRF) of the coating after 12 hours of testing at 500 DEG C can still reach 5000 or above. The method is simple and convenient in process, accurate in defect regulation and control and suitable for various rare earth systems and substrate materials, and has important engineering application prospects.

The invention provides a preparation method of a high-pressure hydrogen isotope gas source based on a hydrogen absorption material, which has the advantages of high safety, simple and reliable high-pressure obtaining mode, controllable and repeatable pressure, high gas utilization rate and less waste. The reversible hydrogen absorption material is placed in a closed container, the volume of an inner cavity of the closed container is larger than that of the reversible hydrogen absorption material, then the reversible hydrogen absorption material placed in the closed container adsorbs hydrogen isotope gas, and when the hydrogen isotope gas is needed, the reversible hydrogen absorption material is desorbed; and the released hydrogen isotope gas generates positive pressure in the fixed volume of the closed container, so that a high-pressure hydrogen isotope gas source is formed.

The application provides a material hydrogen embrittlement evaluation method based on high-temperature gas-phase hydrogen charging. The method comprises the following steps: placing a sample in a sealed reaction cavity; replacing the gas in the sealed reaction cavity, wherein the replacement gas comprises a hydrogen isotope-containing gas; setting a preset temperature; calculating the hydrogen charging holding time of the sample; holding the sealed reaction cavity at the preset temperature after heating; and completing the hydrogen charging of the sample after the hydrogen charging holding time. The material hydrogen embrittlement evaluation method based on high-temperature gas-phase hydrogen charging can solve the problem that the existing austenitic steel hydrogen embrittlement evaluation method has a very low hydrogen diffusion rate in the solid phase, insufficient hydrogen charging, and the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity evaluation result lacks representativeness and comparability.

This invention discloses a method for correcting the hydrogen isotope ratio of water samples obtained through adsorption, addressing the problems of high cost of existing high-purity chemical water adsorbents and the tendency for deviations in hydrogen isotope ratio test results caused by physical and industrial chemical water adsorbents. The method involves: obtaining known parameters of a water sample and measuring the hydrogen isotope ratio of the water sample after adsorption; constructing a correction formula and extracting the abscissa parameter formula, then substituting the known parameters into the abscissa parameter formula as the abscissa parameter, plotting the hydrogen isotope ratio of each group of water samples as the ordinate parameter, and performing linear fitting to obtain a fitted straight line. The correction formula is then updated by combining the slope and intercept of the fitted straight line. Finally, the test parameters of the water sample to be tested are obtained, and its hydrogen isotope ratio is measured after adsorption. This value is then substituted into the updated correction formula to obtain the corrected hydrogen isotope ratio of the water sample to be tested. This method is simple to operate, has good correction effect, can significantly reduce material costs, and has a wide range of applications.

The application discloses a one-dimensional hydrogen isotope transport analysis method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, a complete multi-trap tritium transport parameter system is constructed by inputting multiple sets of trap characteristic parameters and distinguishing the differential influence of different types of traps; S2, the retardation effects of different types of traps are superimposed by adopting a multi-trap interaction mechanism to represent the interaction of different traps in competing for tritium atoms and releasing tritium atoms cooperatively; S3, the breakthrough time is calculated based on the effective diffusion coefficient and the material thickness; S4, the hydrogen isotope permeation flux is calculated by adopting an infinite series method based on the breakthrough time; and S5, the permeation flux is associated and matched with the corresponding time to generate corresponding relationship data of the permeation flux and the time. The application reduces the simulation error of the hydrogen isotope retention amount, and can accurately analyze the permeation amount and the retention amount of tritium under diffusion limitation.

This invention provides a hydrogen isotope separation system that can simplify the configuration of the heat transfer medium circuit. [Solution] The hydrogen isotope separation system 10 comprises an anode-side humidifier 14A, a separator 15, a coupler 17, a heat transfer medium circuit 30, and a control device 40. The heat transfer medium circuit 30 comprises a first flow passage 30A, a second flow passage 30B, a three-way valve 33, and a first temperature sensor 38A. The first flow passage 30A circulates the heat transfer medium to the coupler 17. The second flow passage 30B circulates the heat transfer medium to the anode-side humidifier 14A and the separator 15. The three-way valve 33 switches between connecting and disconnecting the first flow passage 30A and the second flow passage 30B. The first temperature sensor 38A detects the temperature of the heat transfer medium discharged from the coupler 17. The control device 40 connects the first flow passage 30A and the second flow passage 30B using the three-way valve 33 when the temperature T1 detected by the first temperature sensor 38A is above a predetermined temperature.

To obtain deuterium in a gas state from a mixed gas of hydrogen and deuterium at a low cost.A first electrode 11 is an electrode made of a metal allowing hydrogen (H component and D component) to permeate therethrough (hydrogen permeable metal), and the hydrogen permeable metal is Pd, for example. H ions and D ions having permeated through the first electrode 11 flow to the side of a second electrode 12 in a proton conduction layer 20. When the first electrode 11 is used as an anode and the second electrode 12 as a cathode, H ions and D ions flow in the proton conduction layer 20 from the left to the right in the drawing. In that case, hydrogen component in an input gas is more likely to flow into an atmosphere on the cathode side than deuterium component, and an H / D composition ratio accordingly becomes higher in a product gas than in the input gas. In an exhaust gas extracted after H and D components in the input gas are thus consumed, D component has been enriched.

The present invention relates to the field of controlled nuclear fusion in nuclear energy applications. The title of the present invention is a positive-ion circular-collision nuclear fusion reactor. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: the nuclear fusion reaction times are short and the energy gains Q are less than 1. Our technical solution is: using an accelerator to accelerate hydrogen isotope positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev, and then inducing nuclear fusion reactions by circular collision. In the past, it was believed that the probability of inducing nuclear fusion by collision was less than 0.0001. We simultaneously employ five technical schemes to solve the problem of low probabilities of positive ion collision-induced nuclear reactions: 1. using the accelerator to accelerate the positive ions to (0.1-3) Mev; 2. using circular collision to induce nuclear fusion; 3. enabling collision in a collision area having a large cross section; 4. enabling collision in a long collision area; and 5. using a plurality of sets of electromagnetic lenses to focus ion beams to increase the ion density. In the present invention, energy generated by nuclear fusion is converted into heat energy in an energy conversion area, and then high-pressure steam is generated for power generation.