133results about "Hydrogen fluoride" patented technology

The invention provides an electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid rectification heat exchange device, and relates to the field of heat exchange devices.The electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid rectification heat exchange device comprises a cold recovery box, the surface of the cold recovery box is provided with a hot backflow pipe and a hot circulation box, a plurality of mass transfer boxes are arranged above the cold recovery box, a plurality of mass transfer bottles are fixedly connected to the interiors of the mass transfer boxes, and the tops of the mass transfer boxes are fixedly connected with a top plate; a plurality of adjusting holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the top plate, adjusting boxes are arranged in the mass transfer boxes, high-corrosion-resistance air bags are symmetrically arranged on the surfaces of the adjusting boxes, adjusting blocks are arranged in the adjusting boxes, rotating pipes are arranged in the mass transfer bottles, and stirring paddles are arranged on the surfaces of the rotating pipes. The efficiency and the stability of the hydrofluoric acid rectification heat exchange device are improved, the adaptability of the device to the production scale and different raw materials is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.

The invention relates to a phosphorite wet processing method, and belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering. The phosphorite wet processing method comprises the following steps: A, phosphorite acid leaching: carrying out acidolysis leaching on a phosphorite raw material, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain wet-process phosphoric acid; b, removing metal ions from wet-process phosphoric acid; and C, wet-process phosphoric acid defluorination: extracting fluosilicic acid in wet-process phosphoric acid at 10-70 DEG C by adopting a wet-process phosphoric acid defluorination extraction agent, and carrying out phase splitting to obtain defluorinated purified phosphoric acid and an organic phase loaded with fluosilicate. According to the invention, high-value utilization of low-grade phosphorite resources is realized. According to the method, impurities can be fully removed, the loss rate of phosphoric acid is low, the purity of the finally obtained phosphate product reaches 97% or above, the product quality is high, and the requirements of different fields for high-quality phosphate can be met. The method is simple in process, low in energy consumption and low in cost.

The invention discloses a method for recovering valuable metals and fluorine from waste ternary lithium battery black powder. The method comprises the following steps: sulfating roasting: mixing the waste ternary lithium battery black powder with sulfuric acid, curing, and roasting the black powder; the roasted product is subjected to water leaching, and fluorine in water leaching liquid is complexed through boric acid; acidizing and evaporating the water immersion liquid, and collecting hydrofluoric acid; cooling and crystallizing the evaporation mother liquor and collecting boric acid; boric acid is recycled from crystallization mother liquor; precipitating lithium phosphate in the boron extraction raffinate; carrying out acid leaching on the water leaching residues to recover other valuable metals; and anions are extracted from the pickle liquor to realize element circulation. According to the method, through internal circulation of fluorine, boron, sulfur and other elements in the system, resource recycling of fluorine and high-selectivity and high-recovery-rate separation of lithium and other valuable metals can be achieved, and the method has the remarkable advantages of being high in valuable element recycling efficiency, small in environmental pollution and the like and is suitable for complex ion system application scenes.

The invention belongs to the field of inorganic chemical industry, and particularly relates to a method and a system for efficiently utilizing a phosphate fertilizer byproduct, the method comprises the following steps: carrying out acidolysis on fluosilicic acid with the concentration of more than or equal to 45% wt and concentrated sulfuric acid to generate a mixed solution of silicon tetrafluoride gas and fluorosulfonic acid; the mass ratio of the fluosilicic acid to the concentrated sulfuric acid is controlled to be 1: (4-15); pyrolyzing the obtained fluorosulfonic acid to generate dilute sulphuric acid, hydrogen fluoride and water vapor, forming 98% concentrated sulphuric acid from part of dilute sulphuric acid and fuming sulphuric acid, drying hydrogen fluoride to obtain crude hydrogen fluoride gas, and condensing and rectifying to obtain anhydrous hydrogen fluoride; the rest dilute sulphuric acid is partially compounded and then returned for acidolysis, and the rest dilute sulphuric acid is used for producing white carbon black and flows back to a wet-process phosphoric acid system; and circularly absorbing the obtained silicon tetrafluoride gas by using secondary concentrated fluosilicic acid to obtain fluosilicic acid with the mass concentration of more than or equal to 45%, recycling the fluosilicic acid for acidolysis reaction, and modifying the concentrated by-product silicon dioxide to obtain the high-activity white carbon black. The problems of energy consumption and cost are solved, and efficient circulation and poly-generation of fluorine and silicon resources are achieved in the whole process.

Disclosed in the present application is a hydrofluoric acid regeneration method for photovoltaic waste acid. The method comprises the following steps: S1, light component removal, involving: introducing a liquid containing hydrofluoric acid to be treated into a light component removal tower, wherein the tower bottom temperature of the light component removal tower is 100-105°C, and the tower top temperature is 70-80°C, subjecting the liquid to be treated to a light component removal treatment by means of the light component removal tower, discharging the water vapor, which is generated by means of light component removal, via the tower top of the light component removal tower, discharging the generated light component removal liquid, which is generated by means of light component removal, via the tower bottom of the light component removal tower, and introducing same into a first rectification tower; and S2, rectification, involving: the tower bottom temperature of the first rectification tower being 110-115°C, and the tower top temperature being 98-105°C, rectifying the generated light component removal liquid by means of the first rectification tower, discharging HF and water vapor, which are generated by means of rectification, via the tower top of the first rectification tower, condensing same to form hydrofluoric acid, and discharging the distillate, which is generated by means of rectification, via the tower bottom of the first rectification tower. By means of the present application, hydrofluoric acid in the hydrofluoric acid waste liquid can be recycled, and compared with the prior art, the situation where fluorine resources are wasted is effectively avoided.

The invention provides a calcium fluoride forming method and a calcium fluoride forming body, and belongs to the technical field of calcium fluoride preparation.The calcium fluoride forming method comprises the following steps that calcium fluoride raw powder is subjected to dispersion pretreatment, and pretreated powder is obtained; mixing the pretreated powder with hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a binder and water, and performing extrusion molding to obtain a preform; and drying and roasting the preformed body to obtain the calcium fluoride formed body. The calcium fluoride forming method provided by the invention does not need high temperature and high pressure, and is mild in process condition, low in cost, short in reaction time, low in energy consumption and high in production efficiency; the calcium fluoride forming body prepared by the method has a larger specific surface area, provides more action sites for water absorption in HCl and HF gases, does not need to be modified, is safer and more environment-friendly, and has higher mechanical strength.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and particularly relates to a preparation method of electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid. The method comprises the following steps: 1) arranging an electrolytic cell, filling a cathode region with a fluorine raw material solution, filling an anode region with an acidic raw material solution, and separating the anode region from the cathode region by an anion exchange membrane; 2) electrifying the electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and collecting gas in an anode region to obtain mixed feed gas; and (3) sequentially filtering, mixing, absorbing, cooling and recovering the mixed raw material gas to obtain the electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid. According to the method, synthesis and preliminary separation of hydrogen fluoride are achieved in one step through an electrolytic method, high-purity hydrogen fluoride can be effectively and stably obtained, ultra-high-purity electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid is rapidly prepared through aftertreatment, and the preparation process is relatively low in energy consumption, safe and environmentally friendly.

There is provided a method for producing iodine heptafluoride in which iodine heptafluoride having a low content of iodine gas can be produced with high yield. The method for producing iodine heptafluoride includes: a preparation step of preparing a liquid mixture containing iodine pentafluoride and hydrogen fluoride in which a content of the hydrogen fluoride is 0.1% by mass or more and 20% by mass or less with respect to a content of the iodine pentafluoride; a vaporization step of obtaining raw material mixed gas containing iodine pentafluoride gas, hydrogen fluoride gas, and fluorine gas by mixing fluorine gas with the liquid mixture to vaporize the liquid mixture; and a reaction step of producing iodine heptafluoride by causing the raw material mixed gas to react in a presence of a catalyst.

The invention provides novel azeotrope-like compositions and separation processes utilizing the same. An azeotrope-like composition comprising 1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132) and hydrogen fluoride. An azeotrope-like composition comprising 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) and hydrogen fluoride. A separation process for a composition comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of trans-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(E)), cis-1,2-difluoroethylene (HFO-1132(Z)), and 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (HFO-1123) and hydrogen fluoride.

The invention provides a hydrogen fluoride production system and method, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen fluoride production, the hydrogen fluoride production system comprises a reaction unit, a purification unit and a rectification unit which are arranged in sequence, and the rectification unit comprises a rectification tower, a first cooler, a second cooler and a cold crude acid tank; the first cooler is provided with a first cooling medium channel and a first working medium channel, and an inlet of the first working medium channel communicates with an outlet of the purification unit; the second cooler is provided with a second cooling medium channel and a second working medium channel, an inlet of the second working medium channel is communicated with an outlet of the first working medium channel, an outlet of the first working medium channel is communicated with an inlet of the second working medium channel, and an outlet of the first cooling medium channel is communicated with the rectifying tower; according to the invention, the liquid hydrogen fluoride is stored in the cold crude acid tank, so that the liquid hydrogen fluoride cools the gaseous hydrogen fluoride in the first cooler, a coolant does not need to be purchased or supplemented, and the production cost is reduced.

Provided is a fluorine gas production method, which makes it possible to re-use a byproduct hydrogen fluoride, which is a byproduct produced during the production of a fluoride, i.e., a desired component, by reacting a raw material compound with a fluorine gas to fluorinate the raw material compound, as a raw material for the production of a fluorine gas by an electrolysis method. The fluorine gas production method comprises: a fluorination step of producing a reaction mixture comprising a main product fluoride, which is a desired component produced by fluorinating a raw material compound, and a byproduct hydrogen fluoride, which is produced as a byproduct; a separation step of separating the reaction mixture to produce a main product component containing the main product fluoride and a byproduct component containing the byproduct hydrogen fluoride; a purification step of purifying the byproduct component to produce such a recycled hydrogen fluoride component that the concentration of an organic substance contained in the byproduct component is decreased and the concentration of the byproduct hydrogen fluoride is increased; an electrolysis step of carrying out an electrolysis procedure using the recycled hydrogen fluoride component as at least a portion of an electrolyte solution to produce a fluorine gas; and an introduction step of introducing the fluorine gas produced in the electrolysis step into a reaction field for fluorination in the fluorination step.

The application discloses a vulcanization system and method for silicone rubber based on SF6 waste gas plasma reduction treatment. In the system, a mixed gas chamber, a discharge system, a vulcanization system, a separation gas chamber and a collection gas bottle are sequentially connected by gas paths, the separation gas chamber is connected with the mixed gas chamber through a dilution gas chamber, flow meters and electromagnetic valves are arranged between the mixed gas chamber and the discharge system, between the mixed gas chamber and the dilution gas chamber, and between the separation gas chamber and the dilution gas chamber, and an ultraviolet light source is used for providing light for the discharge system and the vulcanization system, wherein a catalyst is arranged in the discharge system, SF6 waste gas, hydrogen and dilution gas can be introduced into the mixed gas chamber. The application can efficiently utilize S elements in SF6 waste gas, degrades SF6 through catalysis, realizes vulcanization treatment of silicone rubber base material in real time by taking S as a vulcanizing agent while depositing S in the form of an element, finally converts S elements in SF6 waste gas into vulcanized silicone rubber in the form of vulcanization crosslinking, and achieves the purpose of resource utilization of S elements in SF6 waste gas.

An apparatus for treating a fluid including an organofluorine compound, the apparatus including: a vessel that contains a liquid with a fluoride bonding agent; a combustion chamber in fluid communication with the vessel via an outlet submerged in the liquid; an inlet configured to introduce the fluid into the combustion chamber; and a flame source configured to produce a flame in the combustion chamber to at least partially break down the organofluorine compound to form a gaseous combustion product bearing fluoride, wherein the gaseous combustion product passes from the outlet of the combustion chamber through the liquid so that the fluoride in the gaseous combustion product is at least partially bound by the fluoride bonding agent.

The present invention relates to a comprehensive treatment method for the process tail gas of lithium hexafluorophosphate, comprising the following steps: 1) absorbing the tail gas containing phosphorus fluoride and phosphorus chloride with water to obtain a mixed acid containing hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and phosphoric acid; 2) electrolyzing the mixed acid obtained in step 1) until the hydrogen chloride in the mixed acid is completely electrolyzed to obtain a solution; 3) heating the solution obtained in step 2) to cause the water and hydrofluoric acid to escape by heat, and then obtaining hydrofluoric acid after cooling. Through electrolysis and phosphorus removal treatment, fluorine, chlorine and phosphorus in the process tail gas of lithium hexafluorophosphate are fully separated, and hydrofluoric acid and chlorine are respectively prepared. The chlorine can be recycled for the preparation of phosphorus pentachloride in the production of lithium hexafluorophosphate, realizing the recycling of chlorine. At the same time, industrial-grade hydrofluoric acid can be obtained, and the added value of the product is high.

The invention relates to an advanced treatment method and system for fluorine-containing wastewater in semiconductor / photovoltaic industry. The treatment method comprises the following steps: pH adjustment: adding sodium hydroxide into pretreated fluorine-containing wastewater or fluorine-containing wastewater without silicon, and adjusting the pH value to 9.5-10.2, so that fluorine ions exist in the form of sodium fluoride; performing ceramic ultrafiltration membrane CUF treatment and reverse osmosis membrane RO treatment to obtain RO produced water and sodium fluoride concentrated water; deep purification: the RO produced water passes through a deep fluorine removal resin adsorption unit, so that the concentration of fluorine ions in the water is reduced to 1t; 1 ppm, so as to obtain recycled produced water; resourceful treatment: introducing the sodium fluoride concentrated water into a bipolar membrane electrodialysis system, and converting the sodium fluoride concentrated water into hydrofluoric acid and a sodium hydroxide solution; and refining and recycling.

This invention belongs to the field of chemical technology, and particularly relates to a method for preparing electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid. The method includes: 1) setting up an electrolytic cell, with the cathode region filled with a fluorine-based raw material solution and the anode region filled with an acidic raw material solution, the anode and cathode regions separated by an anion exchange membrane; 2) electrolyzing the electrolytic cell and collecting the gas from the anode region to obtain a mixed raw material gas; 3) sequentially passing the mixed raw material gas through filtration, mixing absorption, and cooling recovery to obtain electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid. This invention achieves the synthesis and preliminary separation of hydrogen fluoride in one step via electrolysis, effectively and stably obtaining high-purity hydrogen fluoride. Post-processing rapidly achieves the preparation of ultra-high-purity electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid, and the preparation process is relatively energy-efficient, safe, and environmentally friendly.

The present application relates to a stainless steel pickling waste mixed acid treatment system and a method for recovering nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the stainless steel pickling waste mixed acid treatment system comprising a waste acid storage tank, an electrolytic cell, an air extraction device, a spraying device, a filtering device, a cathode acid storage tank and an anode acid storage tank, wherein the electrolytic cell is provided with a cation membrane, separating the electrolytic cell into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber, the cathode chamber being connected to the cathode acid storage tank through the corresponding air extraction device and spraying device, for guiding the hydrogen fluoride gas volatilized from the cathode chamber into the cathode acid storage tank, the anode chamber being connected to the anode acid storage tank through the corresponding air extraction device and spraying device, for guiding the nitric acid gas volatilized from the anode chamber into the anode acid storage tank, the cathode chamber and the filtering device being connected into a circulating loop, for circulating and filtering the cathode liquid to remove the precipitate in the cathode liquid, the filtering device also being connected to the cathode acid storage tank, and the anode chamber being connected to the anode acid storage tank. The above-mentioned waste mixed acid treatment system can realize the recovery of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid in the waste mixed acid.

A method to make HF including the steps of mixing a first solution of hexafluorosilicic acid a second solution of a polyamine wherein an FSA-PA complex is formed, and degrading at least a portion of the FSA-PA complex to yield HF.

This invention discloses a method for preparing electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid for semiconductors, comprising the following steps: a. Liquid anhydrous hydrogen fluoride raw material is preheated and vaporized. After vaporization, the hydrogen fluoride passes sequentially through a primary sodium fluoride adsorption column and a secondary sodium fluoride adsorption column, causing some sodium fluoride to be converted into sodium hydrogen fluoride. The unadsorbed tail gas is absorbed by sodium hydroxide alkaline solution; b. The sodium fluoride adsorption column undergoes a first-stage heating process to desorb free water and silicon tetrafluoride gas, and is held at this temperature for 1 hour. The desorbed gas enters the tail gas absorption; c. The sodium fluoride adsorption column is further heated for a second-stage desorption of hydrogen fluoride, and held at this temperature for 1 hour, causing sodium hydrogen fluoride to decompose into high-temperature hydrogen fluoride gas; d. The high-temperature hydrogen fluoride gas from step c is absorbed and prepared with ultrapure water to form crude hydrofluoric acid, which is then filtered through a membrane to obtain electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid for semiconductors. This invention features a short production process, low energy consumption, and recyclable adsorption materials. Compared with traditional processes, it has lower production costs, better quality, and significant economic benefits.

The present invention discloses a system and method for separating and purifying hydrogen chloride and hydrofluoric acid, belonging to the technical field of mixed gas separation. The system aims to solve the problem that the treatment of the mixed gas of hydrogen chloride and hydrofluoric acid not only consumes a large amount of alkali solution but also affects the environment. The invention includes a sulfuric acid jet vacuum unit, a sulfuric acid absorption device, and a sulfuric acid separation device. The mixed gas of sulfuric acid, hydrogen chloride, and hydrofluoric acid is mixed in the sulfuric acid jet vacuum unit to absorb hydrofluoric acid to form a mixed acid; the mixed gas discharged from the sulfuric acid jet vacuum unit enters the sulfuric acid absorption device and further mixes with sulfuric acid to absorb hydrofluoric acid to form a mixed acid, and hydrogen chloride is separated and recovered; the sulfuric acid separation device separates the mixed acid to obtain sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and the sulfuric acid is refluxed to the sulfuric acid jet vacuum unit and the sulfuric acid absorption device for reuse, and the hydrofluoric acid is recovered. The mixed gas of hydrogen chloride and hydrofluoric acid is separated to obtain hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and the recycling reduces production costs, and the separation process does not generate hazardous waste.

The invention provides a phosphorus-fluorine chemical waste residue and wastewater co-treatment and multistage resource recovery method, which comprises the following steps: by taking phosphorus-fluorine chemical waste residues, municipal sludge and bentonite as raw materials, preparing a phosphorus-fluorine chemical waste residue-based functional filler through pretreatment, proportioning granulation and segmented roasting; the phosphorus-fluorine chemical waste residue-based functional filler is used for adsorbing phosphorus-fluorine chemical wastewater subjected to electric flocculation differential pretreatment; carrying out chemical desorption on the saturated filler by adopting an alkaline solution to realize efficient desorption and recovery of phosphorus; and transferring the dephosphorized filler into a closed device, and carrying out high-temperature hydrolysis by introducing saturated water vapor, so as to realize directional desorption and recovery of fluorine. According to the method, a full-chain technical path of treating waste with waste, deep purification, multi-stage recovery and terminal absorption is constructed, cooperative treatment of phosphorus and fluorine chemical solid waste and wastewater and high-value recovery of resources are achieved, and the industrial problems that a traditional method is high in cost and serious in secondary pollution, and resources cannot be recovered are solved.

A method for preparing electronic grade inorganic acids includes: introducing alkali metal salts into a waste acid solution containing hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and water to obtain hydrogen fluoride vapor, and a distillation residue mixture containing nitric acid, water and the alkali metal salts; subjecting the first distillation residue mixture to evaporation treatment, and then introducing an alkali earth metal nitrate salt into the resultant nitric acid / water mixture followed by distillation treatment so as to obtain nitric acid vapor; and removing mist droplets in the hydrogen fluoride and nitric acid vapor, followed by condensation treatment and concentration adjustment so as to obtain electronic grade hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid.

This invention relates to a method for preparing electronic-grade hydrofluoric acid. The invention utilizes a microchannel reactor for the fluorine oxidation reaction, significantly reducing fluorine consumption and safety hazards during production. Furthermore, the microchannel reactor enhances the gas-liquid two-phase mass transfer during the oxidation reaction, further improving impurity removal and product quality. The addition of multi-effect distillation to the distillation process not only enables secondary heat utilization but also saves on the use of high-temperature heating media at the bottom of the column, effectively reducing energy consumption. In the modified liquid, DMF serves as the solvent, cobalt nitrate provides cobalt ions, and vinylguanidine provides guanidine functional groups and amino groups. Ammonia and propanethiol are used as plasma gases to introduce amino and thiol groups onto the membrane surface. These groups help improve membrane selectivity, effectively separating metal and non-metal ions, as well as acidic impurities in the raw materials.

The invention relates to a safe and environment-friendly treatment method for residues in a tail gas pipeline of a lithium hexafluorophosphate drying process, which comprises the following steps: connecting a tail gas buffer tank in series in the tail gas pipeline of the lithium hexafluorophosphate drying process, and collecting waste materials formed by sedimentation from the tail gas buffer tank; the waste material is treated by the following steps: 1) adding ultrapure water and the lithium hexafluorophosphate waste material into a hydrolysis kettle, hydrolyzing, and extracting hydrofluoric acid through negative pressure azeotropy; 2) centrifuging; centrifugally collecting filtrate as phosphoric acid, and washing a filter cake until effluent is neutral to form crude lithium fluoride; 3) adding ultrapure water and concentrated hydrochloric acid into the crude lithium fluoride; after stirring for 0.5-1 hour, centrifuging to remove iron ions, washing a filter cake with ultrapure water until effluent is neutral, and discharging the filter cake to obtain wet lithium fluoride; and 4) drying the wet lithium fluoride until the moisture is qualified to obtain the lithium fluoride for lithium hexafluorophosphate production.According to the method, the pipeline maintenance cost is reduced, meanwhile, the lithium fluoride and byproducts of hydrofluoric acid and phosphoric acid are recovered from the waste material formed by collection, and the method is environment-friendly and energy-saving.

A process for separating hydrogen isotope-based compounds is provided. The process comprises preparing a feed stream for a distillation process, feeding the feed stream into a column of a distillation unit, recovering a first fraction from the distillation unit, and recovering a second fraction from the distillation unit. The feed stream comprises hydrogen fluoride, deuterium fluoride, and tritium fluoride. The column is configured to operate at a pressure in a range of 0.1 atmospheres to 2 atmospheres. The first fraction is a TF-rich fraction and the second fraction is a DF-rich fraction. A nuclear fuel composition produced with the process for separating hydrogen isotope-based compounds, a process for producing a fuel from a product stream of a fusion reactor are also provided, and a distillation unit for fractionating fluorides of hydrogen isotopes of a feed stream are also provided.

The present application provides a method for fluorine separation and recovery from phosphate rock enhanced with a microbubble coupled silicon additive, which includes: mixing the phosphate rock, phosphoric acid, and an active silicon additive, and subjecting the mixture to reaction to obtain a slurry; subjecting the slurry to microbubble generation treatment to obtain a microbubble slurry, and subjecting the microbubble slurry to recycling and returning to the reaction, where a released volatile fluoride is recovered; and after completing the reaction, a defluorinated slurry is obtained; and subjecting the obtained defluorinated slurry to acid-decomposition reaction and then solid-liquid separation to obtain phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum. In the method provided by the present application, a synergistic effect of microbubbles and the active silicon additive is used in the phosphoric acid acid-decomposition of phosphate rock, enhancing the fluorine impurities in phosphate rock to convert into volatile fluoride SiF4 and HF, achieving the highly efficient separation and recovery of fluorine, and a recovery rate of fluorine reaches 43.9% or more; moreover, the fluorine impurities are separated from the source in the acid decomposition of phosphate rock, thereby preventing fluorine from entering the subsequent wet phosphoric acid process.

The present disclosure relates to an improved method to produce hydrofluoric acid from an aqueous sulfuric acid–hydrofluoric acid solution. Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a method where forced circulation under pressure is used to generate a hot liquid stream that is vaporized to produce a hydrofluoric acid vapor–water vapor stream comprising essentially only water and HF. Additionally, there may be a liquid recycle.

The present invention discloses a method and apparatus for purifying ultra-high purity hydrogen fluoride in which crude hydrogen fluoride is directly fed into a multi-stage distillation column instead of hydrogen fluoride, and the crude hydrogen fluoride is purified through a continuous distillation process, and impurities in the hydrogen fluoride are removed by contacting the hydrogen fluoride with fluorine gas, the concentration of which is automatically controlled according to the content of arsenic fluoride as an impurity.

The invention discloses a device for preparing hydrogen fluoride through complex reaction and application of the device. The device comprises a rapid complexing reactor, a delayed crosslinking reactor, first solid-liquid separation equipment, a dryer and a complex decomposition tower which are connected in sequence, the rapid complexing reactor comprises one or more groups of monomer reactors which are connected into the delayed crosslinking reactor in parallel; each monomer reactor comprises a cylindrical barrel at the upper part and a conical barrel at the lower part; a material mixing component communicated with the fluosilicic acid solution feeding hole and the multi-element complexing solution feeding hole is arranged inside the cylindrical barrel; an outlet of the material mixing component is communicated with a plurality of layers of obliquely downward baffle plates which are positioned below the material mixing component and are distributed in a staggered manner along the height direction, so that the fluosilicic acid solution and the multi-element complexing solution are uniformly mixed by the material mixing component, then enter an area containing the baffle plates and are subjected to rapid complexing reaction in a downward baffling process; a discharge hole is formed in the bottom of the conical barrel and is connected with a delayed cross-linking reactor; the delayed cross-linking reactor is provided with a horizontal spiral propelling type stirring structure.

This invention discloses a method for separating fluorosilicic acid and hydrofluoric acid using an anion exchange membrane, comprising the following steps: adding a flocculant to a fluorosilicic acid-hydrofluoric acid mixture, aging it, then adding a desulfurizing agent to carry out a desulfurization reaction to obtain a mixed solution, adding the mixed solution to the feed side of an anion exchange membrane for membrane separation, and obtaining a hydrofluoric acid solution with a mass concentration of 2-30% on the clear water side after separation. This invention uses a flocculant to rapidly settle solids such as sodium fluorosilicate and potassium fluorosilicate in the fluorosilicic acid-hydrofluoric acid mixture, uses a desulfurizing agent to remove sulfuric acid, and then uses an anion exchange membrane to effectively separate fluorosilicic acid and hydrofluoric acid in the fluorosilicic acid-hydrofluoric acid mixed solution. The hydrofluoric acid separated by membrane separation has high purity and high output value, increases the utilization rate of by-product hydrofluoric acid, and reduces costs.