Integrated process to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

a technology of tetrafluoropropene and integrated process, which is applied in the field of fluorinated organic compound production, can solve the problems of low yield, high cost of commercial hydrogen gas production, and high temperature handling of hydrogen gas at high temperature, so as to maximize raw material utilization and product yield.

Active Publication Date: 2009-09-24
HONEYWELL INT INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0009]Applicants have found a method for producing fluorinated organic compounds, including hydrofluoropropenes, such as HFO-1234yf. In one aspect, the present invention involves an integrated manufacturing process to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene from a chlorinated hydrocarbon or chlorinated olefin. Preferably, the integrated manufacturing process includes three separate reaction steps which are each optionally followed by one or more purification processes. The present invention is advantageous over other known processes for producing HFO-1234yf in that the process includes the ability to recycle unreacted starting materials to maximize raw material utilization and product yields. It also is characterized by the ability to isolate by-products that are commercially valuable.

Problems solved by technology

Although this appears to be a relatively high-yield process, commercial scale handling of hydrogen gas at high temperature is hazardous.
Also, the cost of commercially producing hydrogen gas, such as building an on-site hydrogen plant, is economically costly.
This process is a relatively low yield process and a very large percentage of the organic starting material is converted to unwanted and / or unimportant byproducts, including a sizeable amount of carbon black which tends to deactivate the catalyst used in the process.

Method used

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  • Integrated process to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
  • Integrated process to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene
  • Integrated process to produce 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0049]This example illustrates Step 1 of the continuous vapor phase fluorination reaction of 1,1,2,3-tetrachloropropene (TCP)+3HF→2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf)+3HCl. The fluorination catalyst for the experiment was fluorinated Cr2O3.

[0050]A continuous vapor phase fluorination reaction system consisting of N2, HF, and organic feed systems, feed vaporizer, superheater, 4 inch ID Monel reactor, acid scrubber, drier, and product collection system was used to study the reaction. The reactor was loaded with 9415.2 grams of pretreated Cr2O3 catalyst which equates to about 6.5 liters of catalyst. The reactor was then heated to a reaction temperature of about 235° C. with a N2 purge going over the catalyst after the reactor had been installed in a constant temperature sand bath. The reactor was at about 3 psig of pressure. HF feed was introduced to the reactor (via the vaporizer and superheater) as a co-feed with the N2 for 15 minutes when the N2 flow was stopped. The HF flow...

example 2

[0051]The fluorinated Cr2O3 catalyst deactivated after 650 hours of on-stream time as described in Example 1 was regenerated by the following procedure.

[0052]The reactor was heated to 300° C. while flowing N2 at the rate of 5000 cc / min. After reactor temperatures were stabilized, synthetic air was introduced. Air flow was started with a rate that gave 0.5% O2. Gradually, with 0.25% O2 increments, air flow was increased to achieve O2 concentration of 2.0%. Then reactor hot-spot was brought to 360° C. And then air flow rate was gradually, with 0.5-1.0% increments, increased to achieve O2 concentration of 5.0%. Careful adjustments of reactor heater temperature were needed to avoid overheating reactor above 380° C.

[0053]The reactor temperature was maintained at a 360-375° C. catalyst bed hot spot temperature while flowing 5% O2 / N2 until the hot spot reached the top of the catalyst bed. Then, without changing reactor heater temperature, O2 flow was maintained until reactor temperature ap...

example 3

[0055]This example illustrates the Step 1 continuous vapor phase fluorination reaction of 1,1,1,2,3-pentachloropropane (HCC-240db)+3HF→2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene (HCFO-1233xf)+4HCl. The fluorination catalyst for the experiment was fluorinated Cr2O3.

[0056]The same continuous vapor phase fluorination reaction system as described in Example 1 was used for Example 3. The HCC-240db+3HF→HCFO-1233xf+4HCl reaction was run at a 15:1 mole ratio HF to HCC-240db, contact time of 15 seconds, and a reaction temperature of 255° C. GC analysis of the reactor effluent showed 100% conversion of HCC-240db and 98.3% selectivity of HCFO-1233xf on a molar basis. The details of Example 3 are presented in Table 1.

TABLE 1Exp# 71 HCC-240db + 3HF ----> HCFO-1233xf + 4 HClHFO-1234yf / HFC-HCFC-HCFO-* HCC-Component245cb244bb1233xf240dbothersSelectivity0.50.698.3100.00.6Fluorinated Cr2O3 catalyst, 15:1 mole ratio HF to HCC-240db, contact time 15 seconds, Reaction Temperature = 255° C.* Conversion

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Abstract

A method for preparing 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene comprising (a) providing a starting composition comprising at least one compound having a structure selected from Formulae I, II and III:
CX2═CCl—CH2X  (Formula I)
CX3—CCl═CH2  (Formula II)
CX3—CHCl—CH2X  (Formula III)
    • wherein X is independently selected from F, Cl, Br, and I, provided that at least one X is not fluorine;
(b) contacting said starting composition with a first fluorinating agent to produce a first intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and a first chlorine-containing byproduct; (c) contacting said first intermediate composition with a second fluorinating agent to produce a second intermediate composition comprising 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane and a second chlorine-containing byproduct; and (d) catalytically dehydrochlorinating at least a portion of said 2-chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropane to produce a reaction product comprising 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene.

Description

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION[0001](1) Field of Invention[0002]This invention relates to novel methods for preparing fluorinated organic compounds, and more particularly to methods of producing fluorinated olefins.[0003](2) Description of Related Art[0004]Hydrofluoroolefins (HFOs), such as tetrafluoropropenes (including 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (HFO-1234yf)), are known to be effective refrigerants, fire extinguishants, heat transfer media, propellants, foaming agents, blowing agents, gaseous dielectrics, sterilant carriers, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, displacement drying agents and power cycle working fluids. Unlike chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), both of which potentially damage the Earth's ozone layer, HFOs do not contain chlorine and, thus, pose no threat to the ozone layer. In addition, HFO-1234yf is a low global warming compound with low toxicity and hence can meet increasingly string...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C07C17/20
CPCC01B7/035C01B7/0706C01B7/195C07C17/087C07C17/10C07C17/206C07C17/25C07C17/383C07C21/18C07C19/10Y02P20/582Y02P20/10C07C17/04
Inventor MERKEL, DANIEL C.TUNG, HSUEH SUNGPOKROVSKI, KONSTANTIN A.BEKTESEVIC, SELMAJOHNSON, ROBERTWANG, HAIYOU
Owner HONEYWELL INT INC
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