351results about How to "Improve desalination efficiency" patented technology

Desalination methods that include carbonate compound precipitation are provided. In certain embodiments, feed water is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions prior to desalination. In certain embodiments, desalination waste brine is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. In yet other embodiments, both feed water and waste brine are subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include carbone dioxide sequestration. Embodiments of the invention further employ a precipitate product of the carbonate compound precipitation conditions as a building material, e.g., a cement. Also provided are systems configured for use in methods of the invention.

Desalination methods that include carbonate compound precipitation are provided. In certain embodiments, feed water is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions prior to desalination. In certain embodiments, desalination waste brine is subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. In yet other embodiments, both feed water and waste brine are subjected to carbonate compound precipitation conditions. Aspects of embodiments of the invention include carbon dioxide sequestration. Embodiments of the invention further employ a precipitate product of the carbonate compound precipitation conditions as a building material, e.g., a cement. Also provided are systems configured for use in methods of the invention.

The invention provides a method of deep desalting and recycling of industrial effluent. The method is characterized in that industrial effluent to be treated is treated with a hardness reducing operating unit, an efficient filtering operating unit and an electro-adsorption desalting operating unit to reach a standard of recycling water. The method comprises specific steps of: a. hardness reduction, precipitation and neutralization; b. efficient filtering; and c. electro-adsorption desalting. The provided method of deep desalting and recycling of industrial effluent requires no equipment of electroosmosis or reverse osmosis membrane, or ion exchange resin, keeps stable operation of the system under a condition of water quality conductivity higher than 2500 muS / cm and does not scale; and an outlet water quality satisfies water quality requirements on recycling water replenishment. Discharge secondary industrial effluent with water quality conductivity lower than 4500 muS / cm can be treated to reach water replenishment requirements of an industrial recycling water system. The method is suitable for chemical effluent, printing and dyeing effluent, spinning effluent and oil refining effluent and has wide water quality scope of application, stable technology operation and high desalting efficiency.

This is a test organic component method in lithium ion battery electrolyte. (1) Put DMC,EMC,DEC,EC,PC together into electrolyte and use absolute ethyl as thinner to get standard solution. Carry GC-MS test, get corresponding abundance value and protract standard curve according the content and abundance value of each solvent. (2) Add battery electrolyte into separating funnel and deionwater, surge the admixture for 1-5 minutes, add dichloromethane to surge for 8-12 minutes, eliminate lithium salt; extract the underlayer organic solution to filtrate in terrarium with absolute sodium carbonate. (3) Dilute the liquor got from step (2) into absolute ethyl, and keep its concentration accords with the standard curve range to step (1). (4) Carry GC-MS test in the condition as step (1), account the solvent compose and content of the original battery electrolyte in term of the standard curve to step (1). This method can avoid the cauterization to GC-MS test system by lithium salt component in electrolyte without affecting the fix quantify test to organic component.

The invention discloses a process and device for treating phenol-containing wastewater. The process comprises the steps: carrying out oil removal by filtration, extraction and separation, phenol adsorption and advanced oxidation, delivering adsorbed wastewater into a first fixed bed reactor, adding 0.05-0.2% (volume) of hydrogen peroxide, and carrying out an oxidation reaction under the action ofa solid catalyst bed layer; delivering the wastewater subjected to advanced oxidation into a second fixed bed reactor, adding 0.002-0.01% (volume ratio) of ozone, and carrying out a catalytic oxidation reaction under the action of the solid catalyst bed layer; and sequentially carrying out evaporation, cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation and desalting treatment on the wastewater subjected to catalytic oxidation to obtain an industrial-grade sodium sulfate product. By using the process, the wastewater treatment efficiency is increased, the industrial-grade sodium sulfate product isobtained, the use amounts of adsorption resin, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide and the like are reduced, and the environment pollution is reduced.

The invention relates to a seawater desalination device and a method, and relates to the seawater device and its method by combining an electrolytic technology, a capacitance adsorption deionization technology and a low pressure reverse osmosis technology. The device comprises an electrolytic purifying system, a capacitance adsorption deionization system and a low pressure reverse osmosis system; the electrolytic purifying system comprises a stop valve, a water supply pump, an electrolytic machine, a deposition pot and a microfiltration apparatus; the capacitance adsorption deionization system comprises the stop valve, an elevator pump, a cartridge filter, the water supply pump, a capacitance adsorption deionization apparatus, a primary fresh water storage tank and a concentrated water booster pump; the low pressure reverse osmosis system comprises the stop valve, the water supply pump, the cartridge filter, a high pressure pump, a low pressure reverse osmosis membrane component and a fresh water storage tank. The method comprises the following steps: electrolyzing, performing capacitance adsorption deionization and primarily desalinating, finally performing low pressure reverse osmosis desalination. The method has the advantages of short process flow, small investment and less environmental pollution, the reverse osmosis system material has the advantages of low requirement and low cost, and solves the problem of nationalization, and the seawater desalination device has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, low production cost, high integrated level of the device, small volume, easy operation and the like.

The invention discloses a sea water desalination film adopting solar micro condensation and capillary evaporation, and belongs to the technical fields of solar heat collection and sea water desalination. The sea water desalination film comprises a hydrophilic porous material, a lower layer film body, an upper layer film body and two or more sea water desalination units, wherein each sea water desalination unit adopts micro-condensing lenses for concentration to heat the capillary carbon fiber pipe bundles under the sea water desalination unit; sea water is absorbed to the upper end surfaces of the capillary carbon fiber pipe bundles due to the capillarity and evaporates under the action of the heating of solar faculae to generate water vapor; the water vapor condenses after being in contact with cold air, the condensed water drops are absorbed by a hydrophilic fiber washer and then stored in the hydrophilic porous material, and eventually the purpose of sea water desalination is realized. The sea water desalination film is foldable and portable; moreover, a great deal of sea water desalination micro-units in the film can efficiently evaporate the sea water to realize efficient and portable sea water desalination.

The invention discloses a microbial desalting cell (MDC) which comprises an anode chamber, a desalting chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein a negative membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the desalting chamber; a positive membrane is arranged between the desalting chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode is arranged in the anode chamber, and an electrogenesis microbial membrane is attached to the anode; a cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber; the anode and the cathode are communicated through a wire; and a positive-negative ion exchange resin is arranged in the desalting chamber. On the basis of the configuration of the traditional MDC, the MDC provided by the invention refers to the working principle of packed bed electrodialysis, and the positive-negative ion exchange resin is added into the desalting chamber to adsorb positive and negative ions, thereby implementing desalting; and meanwhile, the desorption regeneration of the resin and the detachment of the positive and negative ions are implemented under the action of the internal electric field of the MDC, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the MDC in the aspect of effect, and enhancing the efficiency of the sewage purification, electricity generation and desalting process.

The invention provides a solar heat accumulating system and a seawater desalting system. The solar heat accumulating system comprises a heat collector, a heat accumulator and a heat using device, wherein the heat collector and the heat accumulator are communicated to form a circulating loop; the heat accumulator and the heat using device are communicated to form a circulating loop; a pipe, where the heat accumulator is located, is connected in parallel with a pipe, where the heat using device is located; the heat collector is used for absorbing energy from the sun and heating water in the heat collector; the heated water flows into the heat accumulator and the heat using device through a water outlet pipe respectively, and water flowing out of the heat accumulator and the heat using device enters the heat collector through a water return pipe for heat exchange. The invention provides the novel solar system and seawater desalting system, and the seawater desalting efficiency is improved through a heat accumulating function.

The invention relates to a method of making carbon electrode of fluid electric-absorption desalter. It mainly mixes high specific surface area electrode carbon, nano carbon tube absorption material, carbon fiber, and nano carbon tube conductive material as well as adhesive polytetrafluoroethylene in a certain proportion and in a certain mode to make cold press molding and makes them into a double-faced electrode with a collector interlaid; the carbon electrode has good electric conductivity, small resistance, large electric capacity and low energy consumption; in addition, the modified carbon electrode has larger specific surface area and mesoporous porosity, therefore able to increase the absorption quantity of electrode to salt ions. The carbon electrode is especially applied to the fluid electric-absorption desalter and has higher desalting efficiency.

The invention provides a solar seawater desalination device. The device comprises a seawater inlet, a solar heating system, a condenser, a vacuum injection system and a fresh water tank, wherein the vacuum injection system comprises a solar cell, an injection pump, a vacuum injection tube and an injection circulating water tank. The seawater desalination process is as follows: seawater enters a solar water heater from the seawater inlet, is heated and then enters an evaporator, the generated steam comes out from a steam outlet A and then enters the condenser, the condensed fresh water flows into the fresh water tank, and the steam which is not condensed flows into the pumping hole of the vacuum injection tube; and after the injection pump is started, the vacuum injection tube is driven to work, steam is pumped from the pumping hole to ensure that seawater is evaporated from the evaporator faster, and more water-steam mixture is sprayed out from an injection outlet, enters the injection circulating water tank and flows out of the fresh water tank. The device fully uses solar energy as energy to desalinate the seawater and is environmentally-friendly; and because of the action of the vacuum injection system, the seawater desalination efficiency is high and the investment cost is controllable.

The invention discloses a light-gathering seawater desalination device and a seawater desalination method. The seawater desalination device includes: a semielliptical solar heat collection cover, wherein a freshwater collection tank is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the solar heat collection cover, the freshwater collection tank defines an evaporation plane at the bottom of the solarheat collection cover, a freshwater outlet is arranged in the freshwater collection tank, the freshwater outlet is connected with a freshwater storage unit, the b-axis length of the solar heat collection cover is longer than the a-axis length of the solar heat collection cover, and the b-axis is perpendicular to the evaporation plane; a light gathering member, wherein the light gathering member isconfigured to gather sunlight radiated to the solar heat collection cover; and a cooling unit, wherein the cooling unit is arranged outside the solar heat collection cover, and is configured to coolthe outer surface of the solar heat collection cover. The light-gathering seawater desalination device can be directly used on the water surface (such as the sea surface), and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenience in use, high solar energy utilization rate, high seawater desalination efficiency and high water purification efficiency.

Provided are a device and a method for improving sea water desalinization efficiency through a heat pump. The device comprises an evaporator I, an evaporator II, a condenser, a heat exchanger, a fresh water circulation box, a strong brine extraction pump, a spraying absorption cycle pump I, a spraying absorption cycle pump II, a jet pump I, a jet pump II, a generator and an absorber. The method for improving the sea water desalinization efficiency through the heat pump is further provided. The device for improving the sea water desalinization efficiency through the heat pump is simple in structure, fewer in circulating pump, small in size, less in occupation space, stable and reliable in operation and good in output fresh water quantity. By means of the device and the method, equipment manufacture cost is reduced, and sea water desalinization cost reduces by lower than 2 yuan / ton. The device and the method are suitable to manufacture of fresh water in scale, particularly suitable to manufacture of drinkable fresh water on submarines, steamers, islands and places with poor water quality in the west of our country and the like and wide in application scope.

A method of treating fluids, including for recovery of water apart from impurities or undesired matter, utilizes application of shock waves to the fluids.

The solar-energy sea water desalting equipment can heat the heat conducting medium to required high temperature while ensure required heat conducting medium flow rate. The equipment includes a high-temperature heat collector to collect solar energy and heat the heat conducting medium and with heat conducting medium inlet pipe and outlet pipe; a steam boiler to produce high temperature steam usingthe high temperature heat conducting medium; and a multieffect distiller to distill sea water to produce fresh water. It is characterized by the high-temperature heat collector comprising several parallelly connected heat collecting devices connected between the heat conducting medium inlet and outlet pipes, and each heat collecting device comprising several heat collecting units with several high temperature heat collecting pipes serially connected.

The present invention is stepped and circular non-boiling evaporation and condensation desalting method. Inside closed condensator and evaporator with air medium, high temperature saturated air carries the evaporated water to low temperature condensing channel for cooling, losing water and releasing condensation heat, the released condensation heat is absorbed and utilized by the humidifying channel in the other side to heat and humidify sprayed salt water and inversely flowing water-lost low temperature saturated air before entering to the evaporator, and the salt water and the saturated air are heated and humidified to saturated state with outer heat source and the condensed water produced in the cooling process is collected and output. The method has synchronous evaporation and condensation, full conversion between wet heat and latent heat, reinforced mass transfer and heat transfer, full utilization of energy and raised desalt efficiency.

The invention relates to a circulator. The circulator comprises a shell body and a transmission device, wherein the transmission device is mounted on the shell body, a rotary wheel is mounted on the transmission device, a plurality of vanes are arranged on the periphery of the rotary wheel, the rotary wheel is arranged in the shell body, a circulation cavity is formed in the inner wall of the shell body at the periphery of the rotary wheel, a circulation cavity port A is formed in one end of the circulation cavity, a circulation cavity port B is formed in the other end of the circulation cavity, and an isolating body is arranged on the inner wall of the shell body between the circulation cavity port A and the circulation cavity port B. According to the circulator provided by the invention, circular motion and fluid motion are used sufficiently; torsion is better converted into pressure through fluid; pressure is better converted into torsion through the fluid; and the fluid separation is realized by using vortex. The circulator provided by the invention can serve as a water pump, a slurry pump, a sewage pump, a blower, a compressor, spray equipment, a reactor, a steam turbine, vacuum equipment or a separator and be applied to wastewater treatment, seawater desalination, marine chemical engineering, mineral processing, waste disposal, hydrogen production, carbon dioxide decomposition, harmful gas decomposition, air purification, dedusting, dust absorption, refrigeration, oxygen production, oil refining and the like; and the blue sky and water can be completely realized, and foamed materials can be produced so as to bring a material revolution.

The invention discloses a microwave desalination device for strong brine. The microwave desalination device for strong brine is used for desalinating strong brine by using microwaves. The device comprises a microwave generating area, a heating vaporization area and a condensation area, wherein a microwave radiator is arranged in the microwave generating area of the device; the heating vaporization area consists of a vapor-water separator, a spraying system, a bottom face, a reflecting face and a shell body; and a cooler is arranged in the condensation area. The device is provided with a vapor pipe, a strong brine heating pipe, a strong brine inlet, a desalinated water outlet, a supersonic wave inlet, at least two vacuumizing ports, at least one cleaning inlet, at least one cleaning outlet, at least one compressed air inlet and at least one crystal outlet. Through applying the microwave desalination device for strong brine to a strong brine system, the heat-transfer conversion efficiency can be increased by effectively utilizing the characteristics of the microwaves; and meanwhile, the investment and operating costs are saved, and breakthroughs are made in industrial zero emission and seawater desalination.

The invention relates to out-phase ion exchange membrane reinforced by conductive ion screen cloth comprises: a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane, at least one layer of reinforced screen cloth arranged on membrane surface or between membrane space. This invention overcomes problems in prior art, has reasonable design, reduces membrane surface resistance, and high ion exchange efficiency.

The invention discloses a seawater desalination system using wind generation and reverse osmosis. The system comprises a wind generating set, a wind power seawater desalination driver and a reverse osmosis seawater desalination device comprising a first motor driven raw water pump and a second motor driven booster pump. The wind power seawater desalination driver comprises a rectifying filtering module for converting AC into DC, a resistor braking module for controlling the rotation speed of the wind generating set and the DC voltage of the rectifying filtering module, a first frequency converter connected with the first motor of the raw water pump, a second frequency converter connected with the second motor of the booster pump and a main control module. A main control unit is set to control the output frequency of the frequency converter so that the wind generating set runs at the maximum output power. If the wind power does not meet the power need of the system, the mains supply ordiesel power supplements the power supply; and otherwise, the wind power is consumed at first. By controlling the resistor braking module, the DC electric energy can be changed so as to limit the rotation speed of the wind generating set and the DC voltage of the rectifying filtering module and realize high efficiency and adaptability of the system without requiring a storage battery, thus savingcost.

The invention discloses a seawater desalination device which is mainly composed of a light-pervious heat-insulating cover, a seawater storage tank, a fresh water collection tank, a light-absorbing resin layer, a graphene layer, a heat-conducting silicon wafer, water delivery fiber, a hollow copper pipe with holes in the surface and an internal threaded ring. The light-pervious heat-insulating cover is connected to the fresh water collection tank through a hinge, the graphene layer deposits on the heat-conducting silicon wafer to form a graphene plate, the light-absorbing resin layer is coated on the graphene plate, the graphene plate is fixed in the middle of the seawater storage tank through interference fit, the hollow copper pipe with the holes in the surface is connected with the internal threaded ring through a thread, the internal threaded ring is welded on the light-pervious heat-insulating cover, the water delivery fiber is wound on the hollow copper pipe in an inside-outside alternating manner, and the other end of the fiber is soaked in seawater. The seawater desalination device is simple in structure, seawater can be delivered to an evaporation end by utilizing capillary principles of the high-performance water delivery fiber, and evaporation of water is accelerated by applying high specific surface area of the fiber, so that seawater desalination efficiency can be improved greatly.

The invention discloses a sea water desalting plant with a fixed bar mirror combination for linear solar condensation, and a desalting method thereof. According to the device, mixed bar reflection mirrors are applied to condensation and heat collection to generate liquid or steam at middle and high temperatures, a piston in a gas-liquid combined cylinder is used for directly driving and boosting the liquid or the steam which then enters into a reverse osmosis desalination device, exhaust steam is applied to sea water desalination again by a distillation method, and condensate water is circulated to a solar condensation collector to form semi-closed circulation. According to the sea water desalting plant, as the reflector is fixed, and an absorber is tracked, so that a tracking system is simplified, the energy consumption is reduced, and the system utilization efficiency is improved; and furthermore, sea water desalination by reverse osmosis is driven by high pressure obtained from acting with direct expansion, the exhaust steam is recycled, and energy levels are utilized in echelon and coupling manners, so that the efficiency of available energy is improved. The sea water desalting plant can be used for automatically adjusting pressure and steam temperature required by brackish water and sea water with different concentrations, and has great superiorities when being applied to desalination of the brackish water and the sea water in regions with high wind power along the coast and in a desert land.

The invention discloses a deep treatment method of high-concentration organic wastewater. The method comprises the following steps: step one, coagulating and precipitating; step two, carrying out ultraviolet-ozone-ultrasound combined reaction stage; step three, carrying out electrolysis treatment through three dimension electrodes; step four, recycling heavy metals; and step five, carrying out ultrafiltration-electrodialysis coupled desalinization. The deep treatment method of high-concentration organic wastewater is free of biological treatment processes, free of pretreatment, high in desalinization rate, simple to operate, high in efficiency, free of secondary pollution and low in cost, and is capable of completely removing organic matters, recycling the heavy metals and recycling the high-concentration organic wastewater.

The invention discloses a rotary continuous capacitive deionizing desalting device. The device comprises a transmission system, a water feeding system, a capacitive deionizing system and an energy supply system; electrodes are driven to be switched among desalting areas, a sealing area, regenerating areas and dehydration areas through a conveyor belt; an adsorbing flow path is arranged between thetwo desalting areas, and ions in brackish water passing through the adsorbing flow path are adsorbed to the surfaces of the electrodes to achieve the desalting effect on the brackish water; a desorbing flow path is arranged between the two regenerating areas, the ions adsorbed by the electrodes are released in concentrated saline water again, and the purpose of regenerating the electrodes is achieved; through switching of the electrodes, the continuous desalting effect on the brackish water is achieved. According to the rotary continuous capacitive deionizing desalting device, by changing theworking structure of the capacitive deionizing desalting device, the purposes that the adsorbing flow path of the capacitive deionizing desalting device continuously desalts water, and continuous andstable purified water is obtained at an outlet end of the adsorbing flow path are achieved, and the desalting efficiency for capacitive deionizing is effectively improved.

The invention provides a normal-pressure continuous seawater desalting system based on a hydrate method and a use method of the desalting system. The normal-pressure continuous seawater desalting system comprises a seawater pool, a cooler, a hydrate generating chamber, a heat exchange type decomposer and a steam generator which are sequentially connected. A circulating heat medium system is arranged between the heat exchange type decomposer and the steam generator. A heat exchanger is connected between the seawater pool and the cooler. A cooled seawater input opening, a hydrate output opening,a gasified cyclopentane input opening and a concentrated seawater output opening are formed in the hydrate generating chamber. The cooled seawater input opening is connected with the output end of the cooler. The hydrate output opening is connected with the heat exchange type decomposer. The liquid output end of the heat exchange type decomposer is connected with a fresh water storage tank. The gas output end of the heat exchange type decomposer is connected with the steam generator through a cyclopentane storage tank. The steam generator is connected with the gasified cyclopentane input opening. The concentrated seawater output opening is connected with the cold medium inlet end of the heat exchanger. The normal-pressure continuous seawater desalting system is reasonable in structure, can be repeatedly used, is simple in adjustment and use method and has extremely high practical application value.

The invention provides a capacitive deionization electrode and a preparation method thereof. A double-ion de-intercalation electrode is prepared from NaxTiyOz, NaxMnyOz, NaxCoyOz and compounds thereof, which are taken as intercalation type capacitive deionization cathodes, and materials (such as carbon, prussian blue, silver and bismuth oxychloride), which are capable of reacting with chloride ions and are taken as anodes, so as to enable sodions and chloridions in bitter alkaline water / heavy salt water to be embedded in corresponding electrodes in a chemical bond manner to achieve the purposeof efficient deionization. Compared with an electrostatic adsorption capacitive deionization method, the capacitive deionization method provided by the invention has the advantages that since ions are removed in a bonding manner, the deionization efficiency and the charge efficiency can be improved greatly, and negative effects existing in electrostatic adsorption capacitive deionization can be inhibited well, such as a double electric layer shielding effect and a co-ion effect.

The invention relates to a preparation method of graphene aerogel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: performing freeze-drying and thermal reduction treatment on a sample obtained by spraying pre-reduction oxidization graphene sol to obtain a graphene aerogel thin film, and adding nano noble metals into the graphene aerogel thin film to prepare the graphene aerogel. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the hydrophilcity and the hydrophobicity of the graphene aerogel are adjusted by compounding a hydrophilic material; the photo-thermal property of the material is further improved by adding the nano noble metals into the graphene aerogel thin film, so that the water evaporation efficiency of sea water or wastewater is promoted.

A saline soil improver is characterized by comprising 25%-35wt% of vegetable soil, 5%-10wt% of active functional bacteria, 5%-15wt% of mineral powder, 25%-30wt% of an organic fertilizer, 15%-20wt% of an inorganic compound fertilizer and balance of water, the active functional bacteria includes lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis, bacillus megatherium, trichoderma, aspergillus niger, Monascus, Trichoderma harzianum, Aspergillus aculeatus and yeast, the mineral powder is one of or a mixture of more than one of peat, zeolite, vermiculite, montmorillonite, calcium carbonate and expansion perlite, the mineral powder fineness is less than or equal to 200 meshes. The organic fertilizer contains composted manure, a rapeseed cake fertilizer and straws, and the weight ratio of composted manure to rapeseed cake fertilizer to straws is 5.5-7.5: 2.5-3.5: 0.5-1.5.