23 results about "Solar desalination" patented technology

The invention provides a solar seawater desalination photothermal conversion efficiency optimization method and system based on machine learning, and the method comprises the steps: firstly collecting the solar spectrum distribution data, seawater turbidity spectrum data, real-time heat flow data and semiconductor nanomaterial data of a target sea area; and constructing a material spectrum mapping library based on the light absorption characteristics of the nano material. Through coupling analysis of a solar spectrum and a seawater turbidity spectrum, an environmental constraint condition is formed, a Bayesian optimization model is combined with a material spectrum mapping library and real-time heat flow data, and an optimal nano material mixing ratio is generated under environmental constraint. Then, the interface evaporation rate is predicted through the deep residual network, an optimal material morphology configuration scheme is obtained, and finally the morphology configuration is applied to semiconductor nanomaterial preparation. The photo-thermal conversion efficiency of the solar desalination system in the high-turbidity seawater environment is improved.

This application provides a machine learning-based method and system for optimizing the photothermal conversion efficiency of solar desalination in seawater. The method includes: firstly, collecting solar spectral distribution data, seawater turbidity spectral data, real-time heat flow data, and semiconductor nanomaterial data for the target sea area; and constructing a material spectral mapping library based on the light absorption characteristics of the nanomaterials. By coupling analysis of the solar spectrum and seawater turbidity spectrum to form environmental constraints, a Bayesian optimization model is used in conjunction with the material spectral mapping library and real-time heat flow data to generate the optimal nanomaterial mixing ratio under these constraints. Subsequently, a deep residual network is used to predict the interfacial evaporation rate and obtain the optimal material morphology configuration scheme, which is finally applied to the preparation of semiconductor nanomaterials. This application improves the photothermal conversion efficiency of solar desalination systems in high-turbidity seawater environments.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photo-thermal materials, and particularly relates to a coal-based carbon material with a hierarchical pore structure as well as a preparation method and application of the coal-based carbon material. The addition of CMC promotes the material to form a hierarchical pore structure with three-peak pore size distribution, and the obtained coal-based carbon material shows excellent hydrophilicity, strong light absorption and rapid water delivery capacity. In a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, the evaporation rate of the coal-based carbon containing 35 wt% of CMC under illumination of one sun reaches 2.66 kg m <-2 > h <-1 >, and the evaporation efficiency is 99.87%. Even in a high-salt environment (20wt% of NaCl solution), the evaporation rate can still reach 1.58 kg m <-2 > h <-1 >. In addition, a long-term test shows that the hierarchical pore structure has excellent structural stability and photo-thermal stability. And the preparation method is simple, convenient, economical and environment-friendly, and a new material with a wide prospect is developed for an efficient solar desalination and water purification technology.

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste wood chip derived carbon, and particularly relates to a wood-based porous carbon solar evaporator and a preparation method. The solar evaporator provided by the invention is mainly prepared from pine sawdust and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and the material has excellent hydrophilicity, strong light absorption and rapid water delivery capacity. The evaporation rate under irradiation of one sun reaches 3.41 kg m <-2 > h <-1 >, and the evaporation efficiency is 93.49%. Even in a high-salt environment (20 wt% of NaCl solution), the evaporation rate can still reach 2.83 kg m <-2 > h <-1 >. Good evaporation performance is maintained in a high-salt environment, and excellent self-cleaning capability and long-term operation stability are achieved. And the preparation method is simple, convenient, economical and environment-friendly, and a new material with a wide prospect is developed for an efficient solar desalination and water purification technology.

MULTI-EFFECT SOLAR DESALINATION DEVICE

The application provides a high-efficiency salt-resistant and evaporation photothermal material for high-concentration brine and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: preparing a MOF precursor solution; placing the fiber fabric and the prepared MOF precursor solution in a reactor together, and performing a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a MOF@fiber fabric; and performing carbonization treatment on the obtained MOF@fiber fabric to obtain the high-efficiency salt-resistant and evaporation photothermal material for high-concentration brine. The special structure of the MOF is utilized to reduce the evaporation enthalpy of water, improve the utilization rate of solar energy, and further improve the evaporation efficiency. Furthermore, the high water absorption property of the MOF is utilized to strengthen the convection and diffusion of the salt water on the surface of the photothermal material, and the precipitation of salt ions on the surface of the material is avoided. Meanwhile, the application provides a very promising strategy for improving the high-efficiency evaporation of the current solar desalination system for high-concentration brine based on interfacial evaporation and inhibiting the generation of salt crystals.

The invention relates to the technical field of polymer processing and forming, in particular to an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene double-layer hollow microporous membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene double-layer hollow microporous membrane comprises an outer photo-thermal layer and an inner thermal insulation layer, micropores are formed in the outer photo-thermal layer and are through holes penetrating through the outer photo-thermal layer, sunlight irradiated on the outer photo-thermal layer is absorbed and reflected, and solar energy is converted into heat energy; micropores are formed in the inner heat insulation layer and are through holes penetrating through the inner heat insulation layer, the micropores in the inner heat insulation layer are communicated with the micropores in the outer photo-thermal layer, liquid is adsorbed and conveyed to the outer photo-thermal layer, and the stable water evaporation process is maintained. According to the preparation method, one-step forming is achieved through the double-layer co-extrusion blow molding method, the extraction technology of the pore-foaming agent is combined, the lamination step of a traditional technology is avoided, and the production efficiency is improved. According to the application, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene double-layer hollow microporous membrane is applied to solar seawater desalination, and the evaporation rate of seawater can be increased.

The invention discloses a self-crosslinking photo-thermal pervaporation composite membrane which comprises a basement membrane (1) subjected to plasma treatment and graphene oxide (2) directly self-crosslinked on the surface of the basement membrane, and a preparation method of the composite membrane comprises the following steps: preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid by adopting a hammers method; the particle size of the graphene oxide is 100 to 200 nm; the preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a graphene oxide dispersion liquid, carrying out plasma treatment on a substrate membrane, uniformly adding the graphene oxide dispersion liquid onto the substrate membrane subjected to plasma treatment in a fixed mold, carrying out blast drying at 75-85DEG C for 1.5-2.5 h so that graphene oxide is self-crosslinked, and carrying out crosslinking between graphene oxide and the substrate membrane to obtain the self-crosslinked photo-thermal pervaporation composite membrane. The composite membrane is high in flux, blockage and pollution caused by temperature control or salt crystallization are avoided, the preparation method is simple and environmentally friendly, the composite membrane is applied to solar seawater desalination equipment and systems, the membrane flux is high, and the system operation stability is good.

This solar evaporator comprises: a membrane which includes an inlet part immersed in seawater, and through which the seawater spreads from the inlet part so as to move in one direction; and a photothermal part for evaporating the seawater moving from the membrane. This solar desalination apparatus comprises: a water tank, which has an open top and accommodates the seawater; the solar evaporator, which is mounted on the top of the water tank and evaporates the seawater; and a collection part for collecting moisture evaporated from the solar evaporator, and covering the top of the water tank.

This invention relates to the field of solar desalination technology, specifically to a biomass / MXene composite aerogel, its preparation method, and its applications. By introducing sodium lignosulfonate, this invention significantly enhances the oxidative stability of MXene under exposure to air, light, humidity, and heat. First, sodium lignosulfonate adsorbs onto the MXene surface to form a protective layer, preventing MXene from contacting reactive oxygen species. Second, it contains abundant aromatic rings, sulfonic acid groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups, and aliphatic hydroxyl groups. These functional groups interact with oxygen-containing, fluorine-containing, and defective Ti sites on the MXene surface through hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and π-Ti interactions, passivating defect sites on the MXene surface and edges. Furthermore, the strong antioxidant activity of the phenolic hydroxyl groups and ortho-methoxy groups in sodium lignosulfonate preferentially scavenges oxygen species and free radicals, thereby preventing their attack on the Ti-C bonds in MXene.

The present application provides an intelligent data monitoring and analysis method and system for a solar desalination system. The method includes: calculating the condensation efficiency based on the phase change characteristic data and ambient temperature data of the steam in the condenser tube during the condensation process and the annular temperature gradient distribution data and the phase change characteristic data; inputting the condensation efficiency and ambient temperature data into a pre-trained reinforcement learning parameter optimization model, and generating the flow regulation parameters and guide plate deflection angle adjustment parameters of each partition in combination with the physical constraints of the condensation structure; converting the flow regulation parameters and guide plate deflection angle adjustment parameters of each partition into corresponding electric regulating valve opening instructions, and adjusting the regulating valve opening and the angle of the adjustable angle guide plate of the cooling water circulation system corresponding to different partitions by using reinforcement learning to optimize the cooling water flow and guide plate deflection angle in real time, and realizing efficient and energy-saving adaptive control of the condensation system through temperature and phase change data monitoring.

The present invention discloses an independent floating solar desalination device based on interface evaporation, belonging to the technical field of seawater desalination devices. The device comprises multiple desalination device bodies, each connected to a water reservoir via a freshwater outlet pipe. The desalination device bodies include an evaporator base, a solar evaporator disposed within the evaporator base, a freshwater collection area fixedly connected to and connected to the outside of the evaporator base, a light-transmitting condensation cover disposed on the top of the freshwater collection area, an outlet disposed on one side of the freshwater collection area, the outlet being connected to the freshwater outlet pipe, and a solenoid valve disposed outside the outlet. The device can independently float on the sea surface to perform solar interface seawater evaporation, eliminating the need for seawater replenishment and the need to transport seawater to land. The large-scale array desalination device significantly improves the production efficiency of solar desalination, achieving the goal of industrial application and high-capacity operation that currently cannot be automated in the desalination field.

The present invention relates to the technical field of seawater treatment. More specifically, it relates to a solar seawater desalination treatment device and method, which includes a pipe body composed of a filter pipe and a water inlet pipe. A multi-stage filtering unit and an integrated cleaning and slag removal unit for cleaning the multi-stage filtering unit and removing filter residues are arranged in the filter pipe. The integrated cleaning and slag removal unit includes a number of cleaning and slag removal components, a number of self-opening and closing slag discharge components, and a number of trigger components for triggering the self-opening and closing slag discharge components. During the process of cleaning the filter cylinder in this application, as the sealing scraping and pushing ring continuously moves to the right, not only the surface of the filter cylinder is scraped and cleaned, but also the filter residues in the filter holes on the left side of the sealing scraping and pushing ring are flushed out by the change of water pressure until the entire filter cylinder is cleaned. At the same time, the water filtering operation is maintained throughout the cleaning process. Thus, while realizing the automatic cleaning of the filter cylinder, it is not necessary to stop the water filtering operation, thereby improving the continuity and stability of seawater filtration.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment, and specifically relates to a filtering device for solar seawater desalination, including a support frame, a mounting seat, a water distribution tank, a gas collecting cylinder and a solar heat collecting tube; it further includes a salt residue filtering mechanism; the salt residue filtering mechanism is used to capture the salt residue falling from the inside of the solar heat collecting tube; the salt residue filtering mechanism includes a screw rod, a guiding frame and a filter screen; the screw rod is rotatably connected between the mounting seats; the screw rod passes through the guiding frame and is connected thereto through a screw nut pair; the filter screen is fixedly connected inside the guiding frame. The salt residue slides down along the inclined solar heat collecting tube into the water distribution tank, and the guiding frame is controlled by the salt residue filtering mechanism to reciprocate cyclically inside the water distribution tank. The filter screen is used to capture and filter the salt residue in the concentrated seawater. When the guiding frame moves, it can scrape the inner wall of the water distribution tank and remove the salt residue or other impurities adhered to its surface, improving the overall operation efficiency of the device.

The invention is applicable to the technical field of seawater desalination, and provides equipment for seawater desalination by using solar energy, which comprises an evaporation box and a heat collection tank for preheating seawater, the heat absorbing plate is arranged in the heat collecting groove and is used for absorbing solar radiation energy and transferring heat to seawater; the heater is fixedly arranged in the evaporation box and is used for heating seawater; the condensation pipe is mounted on one side of the evaporation box and is used for condensing water vapor; the collecting box is fixedly arranged on one side of the evaporation box and is used for collecting fresh water; and the refrigerating mechanism is arranged on the collecting box and is used for cooling fresh water. According to the equipment for desalting the seawater by utilizing the solar energy, provided by the scheme, heat loss is reduced and heat transfer is enhanced, so that the temperature of the seawater can be increased more quickly, the preheating time is shortened, more favorable conditions are provided for an evaporation process, and the seawater desalting efficiency is effectively improved.

WICK INTEGRATED SINGLE FACE SOLAR DESALINATION DEVICE

The present invention belongs to the field of photothermal conversion materials, and specifically relates to a Cs 0.32 WO3 / Cu x S nano heterojunction photothermal conversion material and its preparation method. The present invention first uses a hydrothermal method to prepare Cs 0.32 WO3 / CuS composite precursor material, then, in a nitrogen atmosphere, the precursor was treated by high temperature calcination at different temperatures and times to obtain Cs 0.32 WO3 / Cu x S nano heterojunction photothermal conversion material. In the present invention, Cs with different dimensions 0.32 WO3 and Cu x S particles form a heterojunction structure. This material can absorb sunlight and generate a large amount of heat energy through the non-radiative relaxation effect of the heterojunction. It is a nanomaterial with a fast heating rate and high photothermal conversion efficiency, and has shown good application prospects in the field of solar desalination.

The present invention discloses a solar desalination device and a control method thereof, comprising a solar heat collecting device, an evaporation chamber and a seawater extraction device; the improvement is that a first heat conducting plate is provided on the top of the evaporation chamber, a first channel is provided in the first heat conducting plate for connecting the first porous hydrophilic plate with the first water outlet pipe, and a second channel is provided for connecting each second porous hydrophilic plate with the second water outlet pipe; a first valve is provided on the second water outlet pipe, the first valve is electrically connected to a controller, the controller is electrically connected to a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is used to obtain the temperature in the evaporation chamber. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention directly replenishes water to the second porous hydrophilic plate through the first channel, and the water replenishment flow rate increases as the temperature value increases, thereby realizing adaptive adjustment of the evaporation efficiency according to the lighting conditions, improving the energy conversion efficiency and water production. Secondly, it also effectively solves the problem of energy attenuation during the layer-by-layer transfer of heat energy leading to evaporation weakness.

This invention discloses a hybrid system for supercritical solar desalination with zero emissions and steam turbine power generation. The system comprises a solar concentrator connected to a heat exchanger; the brine inlet of the heat exchanger connected to the brine outlet of condenser one, and the brine outlet connected to the inlet of a steam-water separator; the high-temperature steam outlet of the steam-water separator connected to the high-temperature steam inlet of the steam turbine generator set; the low-temperature steam outlet of the steam turbine generator set connected to the low-temperature steam inlet of condenser two; the high-concentration brine outlet of the steam-water separator connected to the high-concentration brine inlet of a flash evaporator; the low-temperature steam outlet of the flash evaporator connected to the low-temperature steam inlet of condenser one; the outlet of drive pump one connected to the cooling water inlet of condenser two; and the cooling water outlet of condenser two connected to the brine inlet of condenser one. This hybrid system is characterized by high efficiency, environmental friendliness, sustainability, and zero liquid discharge.

A desalination and brine treatment apparatus (100) includes a support (120) and at least one evaporator component (122) in contact with the support (120), wherein one or more of the support (120) and the evaporator component (122) include mesh (150). Methods of desalination and brine treatment are provided for removing salt (196) from saltwater (102) utilizing energy such as solar energy (104).

The invention discloses a core-shell structure carbon fiber / MoS2 photothermal conversion film preparation method and a solar energy utilization device. A preparation method of a core-shell structure carbon fiber / MoS2 photothermal conversion film comprises the following steps: S1, crushing bark fibers by adopting high-speed homogenization equipment to obtain porous nano carbon fibers; and S2, coating the surface of the porous nano carbon fiber with a MoS2 nanosheet by adopting a hydrothermal method to obtain the core-shell structure carbon / MoS2 fiber. The preparation method of the core-shell structure carbon fiber / MoS2 photothermal conversion film and the preparation method of the solar energy utilization device comprise the following steps: S3, printing a cylindrical mold by adopting a 3D printing technology; s4, injecting the core-shell structure carbon / MoS2 fiber dispersion liquid into a mold; s5, discharging the redundant water solution by adopting a die-casting method, and taking out the cylindrical device; and S6, after heating, a cylindrical device is obtained. The invention discloses a seawater evaporator for solar desalination. According to the invention, the prepared core-shell structure carbon fiber / MoS2 photothermal conversion film device has good hydrophilicity, salt elimination property and efficient evaporability.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar seawater desalination, and relates to a preparation method and application of a photo-thermal nanofiber membrane with a corrugated structure and a skin effect, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out electrostatic spinning on a polymer spinning solution to prepare a hydrophobic nanofiber membrane; modifying a photothermal polymer on the surface of the hydrophobic nanofiber membrane by adopting an in-situ polymerization method to obtain a hydrophilic nanofiber membrane; and then the hydrophilic nanofiber membrane is hot-pressed into a corrugated shape, and the photo-thermal nanofiber membrane is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the preparation method has the advantages of abundant raw material sources, large specific surface area, low cost and the like, a layer of skin-like thin water film is spontaneously formed on the wetted fiber surface, a water channel can be locked on the fiber surface, accurate local water layer heating is realized, a steam escape path and an evaporation area are increased, and the moisture absorption effect is improved. The evaporation efficiency is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the evaporation area can be further enlarged through the corrugated structure design, and therefore the overall evaporation performance is cooperatively improved.

The "SYSTEM" comprises of four integrated DEVICES; each DEVICE has a different function, purpose and objective to achieve: wherein combined use of "WIND" and "SOLAR" Energy is most effective and productive, as per below: 1) "WIND POWER BOOSTER" is the first DEVICE - Figure 1 Page I of VI has TWO COMPONENTS, viz: a) "SHROUDED FUNNEL Booster" boosts Wind / Air Flow in Funnel. and: b) has an inbuilt contraption that increases velocity pressure of incoming Wind / Air intake by mean of VORTEX formation — induces VACCUM and causes SUCTION effect therein, it activates and energizes the second integrated Focal Gadget (EJECTOR) that stimulates remaining two DEVICES of "VVIND cum SOLAR -WATER DESALINATION SYSTEM" 2) “EJECTOR" is System's second but FOCAL DEVICE - Figure 2 Page II of VI; it integrates the three DEVICES of the DESALINATION System: is activated and energized by the Energy induced by the first DEVICE - "WIND POWER BOOSTER" also has an inbuilt contraption that activates the whole System: joins "WIND POWER BOOSTER" at an INLET to be activated / energized; joins the other two DEVICES. viz: "EVAPORATOR cum SOLAR HEATER" at SUCTION end, of the FOCAL DEVICE, and "CONDENSER" at EJECTION end of the FOCAL DEVICE. 3) "EVAPORATOR cum SOLAR HEATER" is third but pivotal DEVICE of DESALINATION PROCESS -Figure 3 / a & 3 / b Page lll of VI: in combination of "WIND ENERGY" (increases AIR relative humidity), and "SOLAR ENERGY" (increases water vapour formation) accomplishes DESALINATION PROCESS" {integrates principles of; a) Heat Exchanger: b) Evaporation through Water Air Cooling effect, and; c) Solar Heated BRINE}, 4) "CONDENSER" is fourth DEVICE of the System - Figure 4 Page IV of VI: through MIST cooling - instantly reduces temperature much below DEW Point to CONDENSE the CONDENSATE from the "EVAPORATOR CUM SOLAR HEATER" "WIND" like "SOLAR" is sustainable: combination of the two sustainable "RENEWAL ENERGIES"; "WIND CUM SOLAR"; can solve exploding energy costs and inefficient energy utilization in conventional Systems of sea water / brackish water Desalination; is devoid of Greenhouse Gas Emissions.