101 results about "Solar desalination" patented technology

A hydro-thermal exchange unit (HTEU) for desalinating feed water in accordance with a humidification-dehumidification includes feed water, fresh water and gas conduit circuits for transporting feed water, fresh water, and gas, respectively. The unit also includes an evaporator through which a portion of the feed water conduit and the gas conduit pass. The evaporator causes evaporation of a portion of the feed water to produce vapor that is transported through the gas conduit. The unit also includes a condenser through which a portion of the gas conduit and the fresh water conduit pass. The condenser has input and output ports for coupling the gas and fresh water conduit circuits. The condenser extracts moisture from the vapor transported therethrough by the gas conduit. The extracted moisture is discharged through the fresh water conduit. The unit also includes a heat exchanger through which a portion of the fresh water conduit and the feed water conduit pass to thereby extract residual heat from the fresh water such that the residual heat heats the feed water.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a light-to-heat conversion fabric. The light-to-heat conversion fabric uses the fabric as a matrix to attach photothermal nanomaterials to the surface of the fabric matrix. The method includes the following steps: dispersing the photothermal nanomaterials into a solvent to obtain light thermal nanometer material dispersion liquid; uniformly distributing the photothermal nanometer material dispersion liquid on the fabric substrate; drying to obtain light heat conversion fabric. The invention expands the photothermal nano-material from the solution to the surface of the fabric, has the characteristics of rapid temperature rise and high temperature rise, greatly improves the application range, simple operation, mild conditions, low cost, and the obtained photothermal conversion fabric has high photothermal efficiency , with good mechanical properties, it is expected to have great application value in the fields of winter heating, a new generation of solar thermal insulation clothing, new solar heating equipment and new solar desalination.

The invention provides a hybrid MSF (multistage flash)/RO (reverse osmosis) sea water desalination system and is applied to the technical field of sea water desalination. The system comprises a water pump, sea water pre-treatment equipment, an RO subsystem, a distillation subsystem, clean energy generating equipment and solar heat collection equipment, wherein the water pump is used for obtaining sea water; the sea water pre-treatment equipment is used for pre-treating the sea water; the RO subsystem is used for desalinating the pre-treated sea water to obtain fresh water through an RO technology and providing strong brine produced in the desalination process for the distillation subsystem; the distillation subsystem is used for desalinating the strong brine produced by the RO subsystem to obtain fresh water through a distillation technology; the clean energy generating equipment is used for generating electricity with clean energy and providing electric energy for the RO subsystem and the distillation subsystem; and the solar heat collection equipment is used for generating heat through solar energy and providing heat energy for the distillation subsystem. According to the system, the strong brine produced by the RO subsystem is used as feed water of the distillation subsystem, characteristics of the RO technology and the distillation technology are effectively utilized, and the system has the advantages of high sea water desalination efficiency, low production cost, proneness to popularization and use and the like.

A solar desalination system includes a solar furnace for receiving seawater into a vessel and concentrating sunlight on the vessel to heat that water using solar energy to create desalinated steam. Water is input into the furnace via a pump that is powered by a reciprocating solar engine. The reciprocating solar engine includes a seesawing platform with a closed system of two or more connected containers thereon. Solar heating causes a fluid to move from one container to another causing the platform to reciprocally rotate through a predetermined arc, creating energy that can be harnessed. A riser pipe extending upwardly from the solar furnace carries steam to an electric power-producing steam turbine generator where the steam generates electricity. A drop pipe extending downwardly from the steam turbine generator carries desalinated water to an electric power-producing hydroturbine generator where the water generates electricity and is then removed for subsequent use.

A tent or covering with a pyramid-shaped structure, with an inner dark-coloured sheet and an outer transparent sheet, installed on a supporting base anchored to the ground or on floats on the surface of the sea, wherein in the apex of the pyramid there are included vaporizers with micronebulisers for nebulising the water to be treated, a device for capturing humid air through a continuous or sectioned condensation column and for subsoil distillation and heat dissipation in the smaller, water-collecting tank and recirculation of the air devoid of humidity into the enclosure. In addition, it includes a computerised control system of the processes includes controls of the air and nebulised water flow rates and of the working regime of the facility.

The invention relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving type solar energy seawater (salt water) desalination technology which belongs to the technical field of solar energy utilization and low-temperature flash evaporation of water. In the invention, aiming at the technical problems of serious heat loss, low desalination (or water condensation) efficiency, poor maneuverability, and the like in the prior art, a heat insulation space which is formed by a light-absorbing shade made of double-layer transparent materials and an uncovered foam plastic box is designed so as to reduce the heat energy loss; fiber bundles provide seawater (salt water) for a solar energy collection chamber and an evaporation chamber by utilizing the tension of water, therefore, a water film which is formed due to the existence of fiber cloth reasonably controls the mass of a heated medium in a desalination device and improves the flash evaporation efficiency; an integrated steam circulating system is built so as to ensure that a condenser is in an appropriate condensing condition, rapidly condenses steam in the solar energy collection chamber and the seawater (salt water) evaporation chamber, enlarges and keeps a relative temperature difference among the solar energy collection chamber, the seawater (salt water) evaporation chamber and the condenser and improves the water condensation efficiency; and the corresponding devices are simple in structures and also high in maneuverability.

The invention discloses a multi-effect vertical plate falling film solar desalination unit and a method thereof. The device body consists of a seawater storage tank, metal clapboards, sealing rubber, a high concentration seawater storage tank, a fresh water storage tank, pulleys, a reflector, a glass plate and liquid absorbing cotton cloth. The direct radiation, scattering radiation and reflecting radiation of the sun are absorbed by a solar absorption surface and are converted into heat, the heat is absorbed by seawater uniformly distributed in the liquid absorbing cotton cloth for falling film evaporation, generated vapor is condensed into fresh water on a condensing surface, released latent heat is absorbed by the next effect of seawater, and the latent heat is repeatedly used to improve the fresh water yield in a unit daylighting area. Except solar energy, fuels and motors are not required, and the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in start speed and high in water yield, and is particularly suitable for sea islands, deserts, ships and remote areas lacking electricity.

The invention provides a process for desalting sea water by solar energy and a device adopting the process. The method is as follows: the pumped sea water is filtered and injected in a solar energy falling-film evaporator by a water pump, and the water flow is forced to be filmed from the top down and then heated for evaporation, and the water enters in a separator for steam-water separation, and the steam is condensed to be fresh water by a condenser, and the remained water enters a solar-energy evaporator for secondary heating and is sent to the solar-energy falling-film evaporator by the water pump again, and the circular evaporation for sea water desalting is achieved; the device comprises the water pump, a flowmeter, the condenser, a steam separator and a settling tank; moreover, the device also comprises the solar-energy evaporator, a water supply equalizer, a the solar-energy falling-film evaporator and a self-energy radiator, wherein the solar-energy falling-film evaporator(6) which is 90 degrees against the horizontal plane is arranged on the whole device, and the solar-energy evaporator(9) which is 25 degrees against the horizontal plane is arranged below the separator. Because the device utilizes the solar energy, the energy consumption of the device is low.

The present application provides an integrated system based on solar seawater desalination and salinity gradient energy power generation. The system comprises a seawater desalination device, a salinity gradient energy power generation device and a solar energy collection device; the seawater desalination device comprises a seawater layer, an evaporation layer and a condensation layer in sequence from the bottom to the top; the condensation layer is an inverted cone-shaped condensation surface, and a fresh-water collection tank is arranged directly below the top point of the condensation layer;the evaporation layer is provided with a heat absorption material, and the heat absorption material is connected with the solar energy collection device in a thermal conduction manner for heating seawater; the seawater layer is provided with a first water inlet and a first water outlet; and the first water inlet is used for introducing the seawater, and the first water outlet communicates with the salinity gradient energy power generation device. According to the system provided by the present application, concentrated seawater produced by desalination of the seawater is discharged in the salinity gradient energy power generation device, salinity gradient energy is converted into electric energy, and the concentrated seawater is diluted at the same time, so that a damage degree of the concentrated seawater discharge water environment is reduced, and the technical problem that construction areas of seawater desalination facilities are limited due to the concentrated seawater dischargeproblem is solved.

The solar desalination and power generating system is a hybrid system combining a Fresnel solar concentrator with a solar desalination still, and further including at least one concentrating photovoltaic cell for simultaneously generating electrical power. The solar still includes an absorber base, at least one sidewall, and a hollow cover. The hollow cover has an inlet port for receiving seawater, which passes through an interior of the hollow cover and exits through at least one outlet port into an open interior region of the solar still. At least one collection duct collects pure water condensate. A vacuum pump selectively lowers the pressure within the open interior region of the solar still. The solar still is suspended above a linear Fresnel reflector array such that the at least one concentrating photovoltaic cell, mounted to a lower surface of the absorber base, is positioned at a focal line thereof.

This article of manufacture uses solar heat and heat radiated from the earth to heat and thereby evaporate salt-water along a continuous section of the article. The invention consists of a single piece of extrudable pipe which is internally separated into two chambers. The lower chamber functions as a salt-water transport and evaporation chamber. The upper chamber condenses the evaporate by means of a naturally existing temperature differential, it then collects this condensate and delivers the fresh water for irrigation or consumption depending on the placement of holes in the pipe.

The invention discloses a semi-immersed type solar seawater desalination system, which belongs to the field of solar heat collection and seawater desalination. The semi-immersed type solar seawater desalination system comprises a Fresnel lens, a curved light-transmitting membrane, a light-transmitting thin plate, a vacuum tube, a condenser tube, a water collection bottle and so on. During operation of the desalination system, sunlight is converged onto sea surface by the Fresnel lens and is absorbed by the black absorption coating on the inner side wall surface of the vacuum tube after two times of refraction, the generated heat is used for heating and evaporating the seawater in the vacuum tube, and the generated vapor condenses on the surface of the condenser tube to obtain fresh water. In addition, the heat released by condensation is used to heat and evaporate the seawater in the condenser tube, the generated vapor enters the condensation cavity formed by the light-transmitting membrane and the light-transmitting thin plate from the outlet of the condenser tube and condenses to obtain fresh water again, and a user can directly collect fresh water via a non-return valve on the water collection bottle. The semi-immersed type solar seawater desalination system disclosed by the invention can directly float on the sea surface, adopts a two-stage evaporation structure, and can efficiently realize seawater desalination.

The invention discloses a heat accumulating type humidification and dehumidification solar seawater desalination system and a technological method thereof. A heat tube-vacuum tube type solar thermal collector is used for directly heating the air and the seawater in a bubbler; a porous bubbling discharge pipe is dipped into the seawater so as to enable the air to bubble and humidify adding in the seawater in a spraying way; a humidifier is simple in structure, and easy to processing, disassembly and descaling. The condensation latent heat of vapor is recovered by the lower part of a fin inorganic heat tube in a dehumidifier and is then transmitted to a phase-change material and the seawater; part of the heat is used for heating and humidifying the air above a seawater desalter by means of the seawater desalter so as to generate fresh water, and the other part of heat is stored in a solid-liquid form and is released out at night; therefore, the condensation latent heat utilization rate and the fresh water yield are higher. The phase-change material is used for storing heat, so that the temperature at a heat exchange cold end of the heat tube is constant, and the heat exchange effect is good. A power grid or an independent photovoltaic power generation system is used for supplying power for the seawater desalination system, so that the seawater desalination system is flexible in scale and wide in application range, and can be used for desalting the coastal and island seawater and desalting the bitter salt water in inland remote and border areas.

The invention discloses a flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system and a seawater desalination method, and belongs to the field of seawater desalination. The flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system mainly comprises a seawater pump, a heat regenerator, a condenser, a flexible convex transparent water storage cavity, a heat collector, a flash evaporation tank, a water collection tank, a solar cell panel, a vacuumizing system and the like. The flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system is characterized in that a convex lens is formed after containing seawater in the flexible convex transparent water storage cavity which adopts a transparent material, self-adaptive liquid level regulation is realized according to an irradiating angle of sunlight, solar is always focused on the heat collector, so that the utilization rate of the solar is increased; the flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system is provided with the solar cell panel, the solar is converted into electric energy for directly driving the seawater pump, so that the energy consumption of the flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system is reduced; during a whole seawater desalination process, the heat regenerator and the condenser are added for recycling sensible heat of concentrated seawater and potential heat of water vapor, so that efficient recycling and utilizing of energy can be realized; the flexible self-adaptive focusing solar seawater desalination system has the advantages of little energy consumption, low manufacturing cost and low maintenance cost, and is suitable for islands where are lack of electricity and underdeveloped regions.

The invention discloses a solar seawater desalination device. The solar seawater desalination device comprises a solar heat collection tube, a bottom water tank, a water collection tank, a top cover and a plurality of water reception grooves. The solar seawater desalination device extends along a longitudinal direction and expands along a transversal direction, wherein the transversal expansion length is less than the longitudinal extension length; the bottom water tank is provided with a water groove; the heat dissipation end of the solar heat collection tube is received in the water groove; the water collection tank is stacked at the top of the bottom water tank; the water collection tank comprises a water disc and a fresh water drainage tube; the water disc comprises a top surface and a bottom surface which are oppositely arranged, the top surface is used for bearing sweater and communicated with the water groove, and the bottom surface faces to the water groove and is used for condensing the vapour evaporated by the water groove; and a fresh water collection groove is formed below one side of the water disc; one side of each water reception groove is communicated with the fresh water collection groove; a fresh water drainage tube is communicated with the fresh water collection groove; and the top cover is located above the water collection tank and used for condensing the vapour evaporated by the water collection tank. The solar seawater desalination device is used for desalinating seawater via solar energy, thus saving energy.

The invention discloses a system and technology for carrying out sea water desalination and generating at the same time by utilizing a geothermal resource. The system comprises a sea water taking unit, a raw water pre-treatment unit arranged below sea level, a geothermal heat removing unit as well as a raw water replenishing unit, a reverse osmosis unit, a fresh water lifting unit and a hydraulic generating unit which keep appropriate head fall with the raw water pre-treatment unit, wherein a water diversion pipeline of the hydraulic generating unit is communicated with the sea water taking unit, a tail water pipeline of the hydraulic generating unit is respectively communicated with the raw water replenishing unit and the fresh water lifting unit; the geothermal heat removing unit respectively outputs heat energy to the raw water replenishing unit and the fresh water lifting unit by virtue of a heating pipeline; after sea water is treated by the raw water pre-treatment unit, generating is carried out firstly by virtue of water potential energy, then pressure of tail water after generating is supplemented by the raw water replenishing unit, the sea water is subjected to reverse osmosis desalination, then raw water is separated into fresh water and strong brine, geothermal heat energy-water potential energy-electric energy conversion is realized, and the social problems of scare fresh water and lack of low-carbon generating at present are solved.

The invention provides solar seawater desalination and rainwater collection water purification drinking system equipment which comprises a box body, wherein a solar silicon chip, a battery box and a controller are arranged outside the box body; the solar silicon chip is connected with the battery box to charge the battery box; the battery box is connected with the controller; a seawater desalination system, a rainwater collection system and a water purification drinking system are sequentially arranged in the box body; an RO (reverse osmosis) low-pressure film is arranged in the seawater desalination system; the rainwater collection system is an independent box and a filtering device is arranged in the rainwater collection system; the water purification drinking system comprises an MTR film water collection box. The solar seawater desalination and rainwater collection water purification drinking system equipment has the advantage and positive effects that the equipment implements diversification and modularization, is high in desalination and purification efficiency and high in accuracy, and fulfills the purpose of seawater desalination and direct drinking of rainwater; the solar energy is utilized for power supply, and the energy saving and environmental protection are realized.

The invention provides a concentrating solar steam generation system and a seawater desalination system. The process of replacing a traditional electric steam boiler or a gas steam boiler with the concentrating solar steam generation system is promoted, the development of a solar medium-high temperature seawater desalination technology is promoted, the problem of high energy consumption of existing electric boilers or gas boilers and seawater desalination devices is solved, the systems have great practical significance in the improvement of the lack of water resources in China, and the solar energy is maximally used. It should be pointed out that the seawater desalination system is not limited to seawater desalination, and also can be applied brackish water desalination and general wastewater treatments in practical applications. The concentrating solar steam generation system also be applied to a solar thermal power generation system as a main heat source for solar thermal power generation.

The invention discloses an electricity-water coproduction method combining solar power generation and sea water desalination, and the method is characterized in that a solar heat collection system is used for converting the solar radiation energy to the heat energy of a heating agent, and the heating agent respectively transfers the energy to the high-pressure vapor and the low-pressure vapor inside a vapor generator; partial energy of the high-pressure vapor is converted to the electric energy through a vapor power generation system; the low-pressure vapor injects partial vapor in a low-temperature multi-effect distillation desalination device and collectively enters the low-temperature multi-effect distillation desalination device to be used as driving heat source to produce the fresh water; and after exchanging the heat through the vapor generator, the heating agent is supercharged by a heating agent pump to enter a solar heat collection system so as to absorb the solar radiation energy. The residual heat after the solar power generation is further utilized for desalting the sea water, so that not only is the solar radiation heat high efficiently utilized, but also the temperature of the heating agent returned to the heat collection system is reduced, and the heat collection efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the electricity-water coproduction is realized, and high technical benefit and economic benefit can be realized.

The invention discloses a solar-powered seawater desalination device. The solar-powered seawater desalination device includes a heat conduction oil tank, a solar vacuum heat collecting pipe, a seawater evaporation device and a heat storage device, the heat conduction oil tank is provided with a heat conduction oil circulation pipeline, the heat conduction oil circulation pipeline penetrates through the solar vacuum heat collecting pipe, the seawater evaporation device and the heat storage device in turn and then back flows to the heat conduction oil tank, the seawater evaporation device is internally filled with seawater, a glass cover plate is mounted above the seawater evaporation device, an extraction fan is mounted on the upper part side wall of the seawater evaporation device, a steamheat exchange pipe is mounted at the output end of the extraction fan, the steam heat exchange pipe is connected with a distilled water storage tank after penetrates through the heat storage device,and the heat storage device is internally provided with a thermal phase change material; and a heat pipe is arranged between the heat storage device and the seawater evaporation device. According to the solar-powered seawater desalination device, the problems of low energy utilization ratio and difficult to work at night of current solar desalination devices can be solved.

The invention relates to a method and system for using clean energy for conducting sea water desalination. The method for using the clean energy for conducting sea water desalination comprises the following steps of (1) transmitting unstable electricity generated by using a clean energy power generation system to electric steam boilers, which use the electricity for generating steam, to generate superheated steam; (2) transmitting the superheated steam to a steam power generation system to output stable electricity; and (3) transmitting the stable electricity to a sea water desalination system, and producing fresh water. The unstable electricity generated by the clean energy power generation system is converted into the high-quality stable electricity through the electric steam boilers andthe steam power generation system, the problem of the unstable electricity generated by the clean energy power generation system is solved, and by supplying the high-quality electricity to the sea water desalination system for sea water desalination work, a stable energy supply environment of the sea water desalination system can be conveniently guaranteed.