Solar-driven interface evaporation and condensation integrated seawater desalination device

Abstract

The solar-driven interface evaporation and condensation integrated seawater desalination device comprises a device shell, the device shell is in the shape of a right-angle triangular box with an inclined opening in the top, an evaporator is arranged in the device shell, and the evaporator is composed of a water storage layer, a supporting box body, a water conveying layer capillary tube and a photo-thermal conversion layer. The water storage layer is located in the supporting box body, the supporting box body is located at the inner corner of the device shell, the photo-thermal conversion layer is installed on the top of the supporting box body, a plurality of water conveying layer capillary tubes are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the photo-thermal conversion layer, and the bottom ends of the water conveying layer capillary tubes extend into the water storage layer. According to the solar seawater desalination device, the problem that evaporation is hindered due to water drop condensation caused by evaporation sealing is solved, the evaporation rate is increased, the evaporation process can be stably and efficiently carried out, the seawater desalination cost is saved, and the seawater desalination efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular to a solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device. Background Art

[0002] Although water is abundant on Earth, most of it is ocean water, which is too salty to be used directly as domestic or industrial water. Solar steam generators, which usually use photothermal materials floating on the liquid-gas interface to convert sunlight into heat, are one of the most promising technologies for using solar energy for seawater desalination, wastewater purification and regeneration.

[0003] However, in the process of building the evaporation device, it is necessary to ensure the airtightness of the evaporation device because of the need to collect seawater for weighing and conduct related subsequent experiments. As a result, during the evaporation process, water droplets condense on the surface of the evaporation device under direct sunlight, causing part of the sunlight to be reflected, affecting the evaporation of the evaporator and thereby reducing the evaporation rate. At the same time, during the dark evaporation process at night, due to the closed device and increased humidity, water droplets condense inside the device. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device, which solves the problem that evaporation is hindered by condensation of water droplets due to evaporation sealing, increases the evaporation rate, enables the evaporation process to proceed stably and efficiently, saves seawater desalination costs, and improves seawater desalination efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device comprises a device shell, the device shell is in the shape of a right-angled triangular box with an oblique opening on the top, an evaporator is arranged inside the device shell, the evaporator consists of a water storage layer, a supporting box body, a water delivery layer capillary, and a photothermal conversion layer, the water storage layer is located inside the supporting box body, the supporting box body is located at the inner corner of the device shell, the photothermal conversion layer is installed on the top of the supporting box body, a plurality of water delivery layer capillaries are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the photothermal conversion layer, the bottom ends of the plurality of water delivery layer capillaries extend into the interior of the water storage layer, the device shell is made of PMMA material, a condensation plastic plate is sealed at the top oblique opening of the device shell, so that a closed cavity is formed inside the device shell, a condensation absorption layer is arranged on the bottom side wall of the condensation plastic plate, and a condensation water collection pipe is arranged on one side of the bottom of the condensation plastic plate.

[0006] Preferably, the angle of the top oblique opening of the device housing is 25°-75°, and the condensation plastic plate is made of PMMA.

[0007] Preferably, the capillary tube of the water transport layer is arranged in a vertical cylindrical shape, the diameter of the capillary tube of the water transport layer is 1-3 cm, and the material of the capillary tube of the water transport layer is melamine foam, hydrophilic polyurethane foam or polyvinyl formal foam.

[0008] Preferably, the photothermal conversion layer is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, carbon black dispersion, and carbon nanoparticles; The photothermal conversion layer preparation method is as follows: adding nanocellulose dispersion into polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring to obtain polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution; taking carbon black dispersion, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, and carbon nanoparticles, respectively adding them into the polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, stirring, pouring into a mold, and freezing and thawing three times to obtain the photothermal conversion layer.

[0009] Preferably, the carbon nanoparticles include carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite oxide.

[0010] Preferably, the condensation absorption layer is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, carbon black dispersion, inorganic solvent, and inorganic nanoparticles; The preparation method of the condensation absorption layer is as follows: adding nanocellulose dispersion into polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring to obtain polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution. Taking inorganic solvent, carbon black dispersion, and inorganic nanoparticles, respectively adding them into the polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, stirring, pouring into a mold, and freezing and thawing three times to obtain a condensation absorption layer.

[0011] Preferably, the inorganic nanoparticles include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum phosphate, and silicon carbide; The inorganic solvent includes lithium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium bromide, cobalt chloride and sodium chloride.

[0012] Preferably, the condensate collecting tube is a cylindrical plastic tube with an internal cavity, a liquid inlet groove is provided on the side wall of the condensate collecting tube, the liquid inlet groove fits the bottom side wall of the condensate collecting tube, and a drain pipe is provided at one end of the condensate collecting tube.

[0013] Preferably, the support box is made of polyimide foam, polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam.

[0014] Preferably, an input pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support box, and one end of the input pipe extends out of the side wall of the device shell and is provided with a blocking cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The solar desalination device of the present invention solves the problem that evaporation is hindered by condensation of water droplets due to evaporation sealing, improves the evaporation rate, enables the evaporation process to proceed stably and efficiently, saves desalination costs, and improves desalination efficiency.

[0016] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of a solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a solar-driven interface evaporation and condensation integrated seawater desalination device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the device shell in the present invention.

[0018] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Water storage layer; 2. Support box; 3. Water transport layer capillary; 4. Photothermal conversion layer; 5. Condensation absorption layer; 6. Device shell; 7. Condensation plastic plate; 8. Condensate collection pipe; 9. Drain pipe; 10. Liquid inlet tank; 11. Input pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in the following paragraphs. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] See also Figures 1 to 3In an embodiment of the present invention, a solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device comprises a device housing 6, the device housing 6 is in the shape of a right-angled triangular box with an oblique opening on the top, an evaporator is arranged inside the device housing 6, the evaporator consists of a water storage layer 1, a support box 2, a water delivery layer capillary 3, and a photothermal conversion layer 4, the water storage layer 1 is located inside the support box 2, the support box 2 is located at the inner corner of the device housing 6, the photothermal conversion layer 4 is installed on the top of the support box 2, a plurality of water delivery layer capillaries 3 are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall of the photothermal conversion layer 4, the bottom ends of the plurality of water delivery layer capillaries 3 extend into the interior of the water storage layer 1, the device housing 6 is made of PMMA material, a condensation plastic plate 7 is sealed at the oblique opening on the top of the device housing 6, so that a closed cavity is formed inside the device housing 6, a condensation absorption layer 5 is arranged on the bottom side wall of the condensation plastic plate 7, and a condensation water collection pipe 8 is arranged on one side of the bottom of the condensation plastic plate 7.

[0021] Specifically, the angle of the top oblique opening of the device housing 6 is 25°-75°, and the condensation plastic plate 7 is made of PMMA, which has high light transmittance and good weather resistance, and its specific gravity is about half of that of glass. Good light transmittance and weather resistance enable the light source to pass through the plastic plate to react with the light-heat conversion layer, and can ensure the reaction to proceed stably, thereby accelerating the evaporation of seawater.

[0022] Specifically, the capillary tube 3 of the water transport layer is arranged in a vertical cylindrical shape, the diameter of the capillary tube 3 of the water transport layer is 1-3 cm, and the material of the capillary tube 3 of the water transport layer is melamine foam, hydrophilic polyurethane foam or polyvinyl formal foam.

[0023] Specifically, the light-to-heat conversion layer 4 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, carbon black dispersion, and carbon nanoparticles, wherein the carbon nanoparticles include any one of carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite oxide; The preparation method of the photothermal conversion layer 4 is as follows: add a nanocellulose dispersion into a polyvinyl alcohol solution (10 wt%), and stir to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution; take a carbon black dispersion, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, and carbon nanoparticles, add them to the above polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, stir, pour into a mold, freeze and thaw three times, and obtain a photothermal conversion layer 4.

[0024] Specifically, the condensation absorption layer 5 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, carbon black dispersion, inorganic solvent, and inorganic nanoparticles, wherein the inorganic nanoparticles include any one of barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum phosphate, and silicon carbide; the inorganic solvent includes any one of lithium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium bromide, cobalt chloride, and sodium chloride; The preparation method of the condensation absorption layer 5 is as follows: a nanocellulose dispersion is added to a polyvinyl alcohol solution (10 wt%), and the mixture is stirred to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution. An inorganic solvent, a carbon black dispersion, and inorganic nanoparticles are added to the polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, respectively, and the mixture is stirred and poured into a mold, and the mixture is frozen and thawed three times to obtain the condensation absorption layer 5.

[0025] Specifically, the condensate collecting tube 8 is a cylindrical plastic tube with an internal cavity. A liquid inlet groove 10 is opened on the side wall of the condensate collecting tube 8. The liquid inlet groove 10 fits the bottom side wall of the condensate collecting tube 8. A drain pipe 9 is provided at one end of the condensate collecting tube 8. After the water vapor is converted into condensed water, it will slide to the bottom along the inclined inner wall of the condensation plastic plate 7, and enter the condensate collecting tube 8 through the liquid inlet groove 10, and be collected by the condensate collecting tube 8. Finally, the condensed water is discharged through the drain pipe 9.

[0026] Specifically, the support box 2 is made of polyimide foam, polyurethane foam, or polystyrene foam.

[0027] Specifically, an input pipe 11 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting box body 2, one end of the input pipe 11 extends out of the side wall of the device housing 6 and is provided with a sealing cover. Before use, the seawater to be evaporated can be input into the supporting box body 2 through the input pipe 11 to form a water storage layer 1, and then the sealing cover is covered to make one end of the input pipe 11 sealed.

[0028] The working principle of the present invention is: In the present invention, under the irradiation of sunlight, seawater is transported from the water storage layer 1 to the photothermal conversion layer 4 through the capillary tube 3 of the water transport layer due to capillary action. Then the seawater is evaporated by heat and converted from water into water vapor. The water vapor is partially absorbed by the condensation absorption layer 5 during the rising process, and the condensed water converted from water vapor slides to the bottom along the inclined inner wall of the condensation plastic plate 7 and is collected by the condensation water collection pipe 8. The condensation absorption layer 5 can also absorb moisture inside the device shell 6 to reduce humidity and avoid condensation of water droplets on the inner wall of the device shell 6. At the same time, the addition of inorganic nanoparticles in the condensation absorption layer 5 increases the effect of radiation cooling. Under the irradiation of sunlight, the overall temperature of the device is prevented from being too high, thereby avoiding condensation of water droplets on the outer surface of the entire device. At the same time, the condensation absorption layer 5 can also absorb moisture in the dark evaporation process at night to reduce humidity. The device saves seawater desalination costs and improves seawater desalination efficiency by stabilizing the evaporation process.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device, comprising a device housing (6), characterized in that: The device housing (6) is in the shape of a right-angled triangular box with an oblique opening at the top. An evaporator is arranged inside the device housing (6). The evaporator is composed of a water storage layer (1), a support box (2), a water transport layer capillary (3), and a photothermal conversion layer (4). The water storage layer (1) is located inside the support box (2). The support box (2) is located at an inner corner of the device housing (6). The photothermal conversion layer (4) is installed on the top of the support box (2). A plurality of water-transporting layer capillaries (3) are fixedly connected to the bottom side wall, and the bottom ends of the plurality of water-transporting layer capillaries (3) extend into the interior of the water storage layer (1). The device housing (6) is made of PMMA material, and a condensation plastic plate (7) is sealed at the top oblique opening of the device housing (6), so that a closed cavity is formed inside the device housing (6). A condensation absorption layer (5) is provided on the bottom side wall of the condensation plastic plate (7), and a condensation water collection pipe (8) is provided on one side of the bottom of the condensation plastic plate (7).

2. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the oblique opening at the top of the device housing (6) is 25°-75°, and the condensation plastic plate (7) is made of PMMA.

3. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water transport layer capillary tube (3) is arranged in a vertical cylindrical shape, the diameter of the water transport layer capillary tube (3) is 1-3 cm, and the material of the water transport layer capillary tube (3) is melamine foam, hydrophilic polyurethane foam or polyvinyl formal foam.

4. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photothermal conversion layer (4) is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, carbon black dispersion, and carbon nanoparticles; The photothermal conversion layer (4) is prepared as follows: adding a nanocellulose dispersion into a polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution; taking a carbon black dispersion, sodium alginate, dopamine, polypyrrole, and carbon nanoparticles, respectively adding them to the polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, stirring, pouring into a mold, and freezing and thawing three times to obtain a photothermal conversion layer (4).

5. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The carbon nanoparticles include carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphite oxide.

6. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The condensation absorption layer (5) is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, nanocellulose, carbon black dispersion, inorganic solvent, and inorganic nanoparticles; The preparation method of the condensation absorption layer (5) is as follows: adding nanocellulose dispersion into polyvinyl alcohol solution, stirring to obtain polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution. Taking inorganic solvent, carbon black dispersion, and inorganic nanoparticles, respectively adding them into the polyvinyl alcohol / nanocellulose solution, stirring, pouring into a mold, and freezing and thawing three times to obtain the condensation absorption layer (5).

7. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inorganic nanoparticles include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum phosphate, and silicon carbide; The inorganic solvent includes lithium chloride, calcium chloride, lithium bromide, cobalt chloride and sodium chloride.

8. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensate collection pipe (8) is a cylindrical plastic pipe with an internal hollow cavity. A liquid inlet groove (10) is provided on the side wall of the condensate collection pipe (8). The liquid inlet groove (10) fits the bottom side wall of the condensate collection pipe (8). A drainage pipe (9) is provided at one end of the condensate collection pipe (8).

9. The solar-driven interface evaporation-condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support box (2) is made of polyimide foam, polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam.

10. The solar-driven interface evaporation and condensation integrated seawater desalination device according to claim 9, characterized in that: An input pipe (11) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support box (2); one end of the input pipe (11) extends out of the side wall of the device housing (6) and is provided with a blocking cover.

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