360 results about "Solar absorption" patented technology

A solar-powered power generation system and an associated method are provided. The system includes at least one trough solar absorption device for heating a heat transfer fluid to a first temperature, and at least one tower solar absorption device for further heating the transfer fluid to a second temperature. Thus, the generation system can efficiently heat the transfer fluid to high temperatures. Subsequently, the heated fluid can be used, e.g., to generate steam and / or electricity.

A solar-powered power generation system and an associated method are provided. The system includes at least one trough solar absorption device for heating a heat transfer fluid to a first temperature, and at least one tower solar absorption device for further heating the transfer fluid to a second temperature. Thus, the generation system can efficiently heat the transfer fluid to high temperatures. Subsequently, the heated fluid can be used, e.g., to generate steam and / or electricity.

A glass article having a solar control coating is disclosed for use in producing heat reducing glass especially for use in architectural windows. The coated article includes a glass substrate, a coating of an antimony doped tin oxide deposited on and adhering to the glass substrate and a coating of fluorine doped tin oxide deposited on and adhering to the surface of the coating of antimony doped tin oxide. The low emittance of the coated glass article, when combined with the surprisingly selective solar absorption of the multilayer stack provides improved heat rejection in summer and heat retention in winter, while permitting the transmittance of a relatively high degree of visible light.

The invention relates to a flat element comprised of a substrate and of at least one coating that covers the substrate. Both the substrate and the surface are darkly imbued in the visible spectral range. In the near infrared range, this assembly has a high degree of reflection in order to, despite the dark imbuement in the visible spectral range, reduce the heating caused by sunlight.

The invention discloses a solar absorption type air conditioner, comprising an evacuated tube solar collector, a water storage tank, an auxiliary thermal source, an A absorber, a B absorber, an A evaporator, a B evaporator, an A condenser, a B condenser, a cooling medium water tank, a cooling tower, a water pump, a hot water pump, a floor heater, an air conditioning fan, a coiled tube, a cold water pump and an electromagnetic valve bank controlled by a microcomputer. The invention adopts macropore silica gel-water doped with calcium chloride as refrigeration absorption working substance so as to increase absorption quantity and speed, thus considerably improving the heat efficiency. The device also has the functions of refrigerating in summer, heating in winter and supplying hot water during other seasons, thus notably enhancing the utilization rate and economical property of solar energy. The auxiliary thermal source is connected with the evacuated tube solar collector in parallel through a pipeline, and therefore the device can operate round the clock with practicability considerably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of solar collectors, in particular to a solar selective absorption coating and a preparation method thereof. The high-performance multilayer composite solar selective absorption coating comprises a far infrared reflecting layer (2), a composite heat absorption layer (4) and an anti-oxidation and anti-reflection layer (5) which are arranged on a matrix (1) in turn. The coating is mainly characterized in that the far infrared reflecting layer (2) is an Al layer which is sputter-deposited on the matrix (1); the composite heat absorption layer (4) is a TiNOX layer which is sputter-deposited on the far infrared reflecting layer (2); and the anti-oxidation and anti-reflection layer (5) is an SiO2 layer which is sputter-deposited on the composite heat absorption layer (4). The coating has the advantages that the solar absorption rate is as high as 90 to 95 percent, and the infrared emitting rate is 6 percent. A Ti+TiC stability layer is arranged between the reflecting layer and the absorption layer, and the stability layer can remarkably improve the binding force of the coating; and simultaneously, the TiC has high temperature resistance and oxidation resistance, thereby the corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance of the coating can be remarkably improved.

A method and system for solid reactant based thermochemical process are disclosed. A metal oxide or solid reactant having a crystal structure associated with a characteristic state of high temperature engendering creation of oxygen vacancies is identified. The metal oxide is heated to the high temperature corresponding to the state of oxygen vacancies. Subsequently, the solid reactant is cooled to a temperature conducive to water splitting reaction. Steam is then introduced to react with the solid reactant to thereby re-oxidize the solid reactant producing hydrogen gas. Finally, the re-oxidized solid reactant is reheated to a reduction temperature completing the process of solid based reactant thermochemical solar power generation.The system includes one or more processors adapted to configure a solar absorption system, a thermochemical system, a gas storage system for storing product gases and a power generation system for processing the stored product gases into electrical power.

A solar power generator includes a hub defining a passage. A solar apparatus is removably coupled to the hub. The solar apparatus includes a solar panel configured to absorb solar energy from the sun and a power source configured to convert the solar energy absorbed by the solar panel to electrical energy. A load device is removably coupled to the hub. The load device includes a sleeve positioned within the passage and operatively coupling the load device to the power source. The power source is configured to supply electrical energy to the load device.

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy-saving paint and discloses bulk absorption type solar selective heat absorption paint and a preparation method and application thereof. The paint has sunlight selective absorption performance, and is high in photo-thermal conversion rate, good in protective performance and excellent in weather resistance. The paint is prepared from, by mass, 25%-33% of absorbent, 0%-5% of filler, 15%-20% of fluorocarbon resin, 2%-3% of dispersant, 3%-5% of crossk-linking agent, 0.1-0.3% of catalyst, 0.5%-1% of adhesion promoter, 0.2%-0.5% of defoamer, 0.2%-0.5% of flatting agent and 40%-50% of organic solvent. A coating obtained through the paint is a metal oxide-resin composite heat absorption coating, the solar absorption rate of the coating is larger than 93%, the radiance is smaller than 5%, and meanwhile excellent impact resistance, bending resistance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and salt fog resistance are achieved; the paint can be applied to a solar heat collector.

The invention relates to an energy-storing solar absorption refrigeration system which comprises a solar heat collector (101), energy-storing water tanks (102 and 2), an intermediate and high temperature heat pump (3), an intermediate and high temperature energy-storing mass transfer tank (4), an intermediate and high temperature solar heat collector (501) and an absorption refrigerator (6), wherein heat generated by the solar heat collector is stored in the energy-storing water tanks, and the intermediate and high temperature heat pump heats the heat in the energy-storing water tanks during a low-ebb electricity period and transfers to the intermediate and high temperature energy-storing mass transfer tank; and the heat in the intermediate and high temperature energy-storing mass transfer tank is further heated by an intermediate and high temperature solar heat collection circulation loop, and then is supplied to the absorption refrigerator to meet the heat requirement for refrigeration drive. By using the solar energy and the heat pump to heat by time and stages, the energy-storing solar absorption refrigeration system can generate low-cost heat required for refrigeration.

The invention discloses a solar panel adjustable angle apparatus. The apparatus comprises a first support; a cam which can be rotationally arranged on the first support, wherein the end surface of the cam is successively provided with three horizontal support surfaces from top to bottom, and the three horizontal support surfaces realize transition through inclination surfaces; a cell panel support which is arranged above the cam; a second support which is arranged between the first support and the cell panel support; four push rods which are respectively arranged on the second support in a vertically telescoping mode and are uniformly movably supported between the end surface of the cam and the bottom of the cell panel support; and a driving device which is connected with the cam through a worm and gear mechanism so as to drive the cam to rotate. According to the invention, a solar panel is pushed to change its change by pushing the push rods through the cam, the solar panel can receive more solar radiation, and the apparatus has quite high solar absorption efficiency.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a black thermal control coating on the surface of a light alloy. The method comprises the following steps that (1) after being ground, a light alloy sample is cleaned and dried to obtain the treated light alloy sample; (2) a micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is prepared, wherein a film forming agent, a coloring agent, a stabilization agent and a pH value adjusting agent are added into deionized water, and after even mixing, the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte with the pH value ranging from 9 to 13 is obtained; and (3) one kind of metal in an aluminum alloy, a magnesium alloy and a titanium alloy is adopted as an anode, stainless steel is adopted as a cathode, the treated light alloy sample is soaked in the micro-arc oxidation electrolyte, circulation cooling is started, the treated light alloy sample is subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment through a bipolar pulse power source, and after micro-arc oxidation treatment is completed, thesample is taken out and is washed with water and dried. According to the preparation method, universality and stability are good, the prepared micro-arc oxidation black thermal control coating on thesurface of the light alloy has high solar high absorbability and emissivity, and the preparation method can be widely applied to high-absorbability and high-emissivity spaceflight thermal control coatings.

A paintable, low VOC coating improving the solar absorption of materials consists of an aqueous suspension of nanoparticle aluminum oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon black.

The subject apparatus which incorporates features of the subject invention is a combined wind powered and solar powered rotor mechanism, specifically utilizing energy from both solar and wind sources to provide energy to drive a rotor mechanism, such apparatus comprising in its general form a vertically standing or substantially upright structure that has an air intake opening at the bottom portion or at some position intermediate between the bottom portion and upper portion of the apparatus, such opening connecting outside air with a central longitudinally extending chamber that extends upwardly towards the upper part of the apparatus, with a portion of the apparatus, in one embodiment, being comprised of translucent material to admit solar energy into the longitudinal extending chamber with a portion of the chamber, in one embodiment, being formed of solar absorption materials to receive solar energy, with an air powered rotor mechanism at or near the upper portion of the chamber, such rotor mechanism having a central rotational axle rotationally installed through or adjacent to such chamber, such rotational axle having air movement sensitive means to receive the impact of any upwardly extending air moving through such chamber and additionally having air movement sensitive means disposed on a portion of such rotational axle to receive directly air from outside such chamber, for direct rotational drive of such rotational axle.

The invention provides a hydrosol for preparing a solar photo-thermal conversion absorption film. Water is used as a solvent in the hydrosol; a transition metallic M salt, an aluminum salt and a chelating agent are used as raw materials; the transition metallic M salt and the aluminum salt are respectively prepared into an M sol and an Al2O3 sol together with the chelating agent; and the M sol and the Al2O3 sol are mixed and added with a wetting agent to form an M-Al2O3 mixed sol, namely the hydrosol. The M-Al2O3 mixed sol for preparing the absorption film is prepared by using the environment-friendly water as the solvent; the sol preparation method is simple, feasible, easily obtainable in raw materials and low in cost; after the M-Al2O3 mixed sol added with the wetting agent forms a film on a metal substrate, an M-Al2O3 absorption layer can be directly obtained by thermal treatment under inert atmosphere; the film preparation process is simple, convenient and low in equipment requirement, and has no pollution to the environment; and the solar absorption rate of the prepared single-layer M-Al2O3 film can reach 0.86, and the emissivity of the film is only 0.03.

The invention provides a device for generating, refrigerating and heat supplying by solar energy and biomass energy, comprising a solar absorption device, a generating device and a biomass high-temperature heating furnace (7). The device is characterized in that an exhaust pipe of a high-energy heat accumulator (2) of the solar absorption device is communicated with the inlet of a first disc-shaped or spiral heating pipe (7.1) arranged in the biomass high-temperature heating furnace (7); and the outlet of the first disc-shaped or spiral heating pipe (7.1) is communicated with an air inlet pipe of a decompressor of a medium-temperature expansion-air motor (4) of the generating device. The device has the advantages that the system ensures that heat energy can be utilized efficiently to reduce exhaust of carbon dioxide; investment and electric energy consumption of refrigerating equipment can be saved simultaneously; the biomass high-temperature heating furnace is connected in parallel when sunlight is not sufficient so as to effectively complement heat energy to ensure that the unit can work continuously; and the device for generating, refrigerating and heat supplying by solar energy and biomass energy has high energy conversion efficiency, and is suitable for popularization.

The invention discloses a glass tube bundle and porous medium composite structure solar absorber which comprises a solar absorber shell, wherein a quartz glass window is formed in one end of the solar absorber shell, and a medium outlet is formed in the other end of the solar absorber shell; the solar absorber shell and the quartz glass window are connected into a whole, and a cavity is formed between the solar absorber shell and the quartz glass window; glass tube bundles and porous media are sequentially arranged inside the cavity along the solar incident direction; a preheating channel is formed among the solar absorber shell, the glass tube bundles and the porous media; a first medium inlet is formed in one end of the preheating channel; and after preheated in the preheating channel, the media converge sunlight at the second medium inlet so as to enter the glass tube bundles. Because the glass tube bundles are small in solar absorption and small in external radiation energy, the thermal efficiency of the system is improved. Meanwhile, the incident sunlight is transmitted to the porous medium by the glass tube bundles, so that medium distribution is matched with sunlight flow density, while the porous medium is mainly capable of converting solar radiation energy into internal energy of working media; and therefore, the problem that the existing porous medium solar absorber is low in thermal efficiency and reliability is effectively solved.

The invention discloses a solar absorption type sea water desalination device with regenerative cycle. The device comprises a cooling water tank, a cooling tower, a cooling pipeline, a solar heat collector, a hot water tank, a heating pipeline, a sea water tank, a sea water degassing device, an evaporator and an absorption type circulation system, wherein the cooling water tank, the cooling tower and the cooling pipeline are circularly communicated with one another; the solar heat collector, the hot water tank and the heating pipeline are communicated with one another; the sea water tank, the sea water degassing device and the evaporator are communicated with one another; a spray nozzle is formed in the evaporator and is communicated with the evaporator; a water outlet pipeline is connected outside the evaporator; an absorber, a solution circulating pump, a solution heat exchanger and a generator are arranged in the absorption type circulation system and are communicated with one another; lithium bromide solution is filled in the absorber and the generator; a water passing pipeline is formed in the solution heat exchanger and is communicated with the absorber and the generator; the solution circulating pump is connected with a control system; the cooling pipeline is arranged in the absorber; the heating pipeline is arranged in the generator; a condenser is communicated with a fresh water collection tank; and the pump is arranged on the connecting pipe and is connected with the control system. Thus, fresh water yield is increased, and corrosion of sea water on equipment is reduced.

The invention discloses a solar photovoltaic photo-thermal composite heat pipe vacuum tube, which comprises a glass tube, a photovoltaic assembly and a heat absorption plate. The heat absorption plate is a flat plate, the heat absorption plate and the concave end of a bent or curved surface steel plate are welded to form a heat pipe, a selective solar absorption coating A1-N / A1 is sprayed on the surface of the heat absorption plate where a copper plate is welded, and the other surface of the heat absorption plate and the photovoltaic assembly are connected tightly after being laminated through insulating transparent polymer ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The condensation end of the heat pipe is connected with one end of the glass tube in metal sealing mode, the other end of the glass tube is closed, and the position between the glass tube and the heat pipe is vacuumized. A working medium of the heat pipe selects a material with a boiling point ranging from 50 DEG C to 70 DEG C and a freezing point smaller than 0 DEG C. When hot water supply is surplus, the solar photovoltaic photo-thermal composite heat pipe vacuum tube can utilize photovoltaic batteries on the photovoltaic surface to generate electricity, then utilizes the heat pipe to cool the photovoltaic batteries to generate hot water; when the hot water supply is not enough, the photo-thermal surface of a heat collectingtube is turned over, optothermal is used for generating the hot water, and effective adjustment of photovoltaic power generation and the hot water can be achieved.

The invention discloses a multi-effect vertical plate falling film solar desalination unit and a method thereof. The device body consists of a seawater storage tank, metal clapboards, sealing rubber, a high concentration seawater storage tank, a fresh water storage tank, pulleys, a reflector, a glass plate and liquid absorbing cotton cloth. The direct radiation, scattering radiation and reflecting radiation of the sun are absorbed by a solar absorption surface and are converted into heat, the heat is absorbed by seawater uniformly distributed in the liquid absorbing cotton cloth for falling film evaporation, generated vapor is condensed into fresh water on a condensing surface, released latent heat is absorbed by the next effect of seawater, and the latent heat is repeatedly used to improve the fresh water yield in a unit daylighting area. Except solar energy, fuels and motors are not required, and the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in start speed and high in water yield, and is particularly suitable for sea islands, deserts, ships and remote areas lacking electricity.

The integrated solar absorption heat pump system includes an absorption heat pump assembly (AHPA) having a generator, a condenser in fluid communication with the generator, an evaporator / absorber in fluid communication with the condenser and the generator, and a heat exchanger in communicating relation with the evaporator / absorber; a solar collector in fluid communication with the generator of the AHPA; a photovoltaic thermal collector in communicating relation with the evaporator / absorber of the AHPA; a plurality of pumps configured for pumping a fluid throughout the system to provide the desired heating or cooling; a power storage source, e.g., a solar battery, in communicating relation with the photovoltaic thermal collector; and a coil unit in communicating relation to the evaporator / absorber for receiving an air-stream. The absorption heat pump assembly can include an absorber and a solution heat exchanger.

The invention discloses a radiation-proof thermal control coating. A low-atomic-number material is utilized as a surface coating of the thermal control coating, a medium-atomic-number material is utilized as an intermediate coating of the thermal control coating, and a high-atomic-number material is utilized as a bottom coating of the thermal control coating. Compared with a ZnO coating, the coating disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the radiation protection capability is improved by over 10%, the solar absorption ratio alpha s of the coating is about 0.152 and the thermal emissivity epsilon is about 0.886 and is equivalent to that of a ZnO white paint under the same surface density.

The invention discloses a preparation method for a ceramic thermal control coating layer with low solar absorption ratio and high infrared radiation rate and growing on the surface of magnesium-lithium alloy in situ, relates to a preparation method for a magnesium-lithium alloy functionalized thermal control coating layer, and aims at solving the problem that the conventional magnesium-lithium alloy is low in infrared radiation rate and cannot be applied to a thermal control system. The preparation method comprises the steps of 1, pretreatment of the magnesium-lithium alloy; 2, micro-arc oxidation to obtain the ceramic thermal control coating layer which has low solar absorption ratio and high infrared radiation rate and grows on the surface of the magnesium-lithium alloy in situ. The coating layer prepared by the preparation method is high in bonding strength to a base body and high in thermal shock resistance; the solar absorption ratio is 0.22-0.40, and the radiation rate is 0.9-0.97. The application range of the magnesium-lithium alloy in the space field is expanded, and the weight of the ceramic thermal control coating layer is lighter than that of an aluminum-based coating layer by 30-40 percent. The invention provides the preparation method which is used for obtaining the ceramic thermal control coating layer which has low solar absorption ratio and high infrared radiation rate and grows on the surface of magnesium-lithium alloy in situ.

The invention provides a portable solar absorptance testing instrument which comprises a control system, a constant-current drive source, an LED solar simulative light source, an integrating sphere and a detector. The control system controls the constant-current drive source to drive the LED solar simulative light source, receives an illuminance output signal and outputs solar absorptance of a sample to be tested under the current wavelength. The constant-current drive source drives the LED solar simulative light source to generate a light source at a set waveband. The LED solar simulative light source is embedded in a light source hole of the integrating sphere, generates the light source at the set waveband and outputs the light source. The integrating sphere is provided with the sample to be tested, a detector hole and the light source hole. The detector detects diffuse reflection light of the inner wall of the integrating sphere and generates the illuminance output signal. A light-emitting device covering a broadband light source, the detector and the large integrating sphere are used, a high-diffuse-reflection polytetrafluoroethylene material high in reflection is pressed on the inner wall of the integrating sphere, the detector or the light-emitting device is installed on the outer wall of the integrating sphere, and the testing instrument has the advantages of being wide in spectral range, compact in structure, good in solar spectrum fitting characteristic and high in measurement precision.

The invention discloses a mid-and-low temperature solar and fossil fuel thermo-chemical complementary power generation system and method. The system comprises a raw material supply device for storing a fossil fuel, a raw material mixing device for mixing a raw material and non-reacted materials, a raw material metering device for controlling the quantity of the raw material entering a pre-heater within unit time, the pre-heater for pre-heating the raw material, a solar absorption reactor for driving the fossil fuel by using absorbed solar heat to perform decomposition or reforming reaction so as to convert solar energy into hydrogen-rich fuel chemical energy and produce a solar fuel, a solar heat collector for gathering solar energy with low energy flow density into mid-and-low temperature heat energy with high energy flow density and supplying heat to the decomposition or reforming reaction, a condenser for cooling a reaction product, a gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation of a mixture, a fuel diversion device for adjusting the proportion of the solar fuel for energy storage or power generation, a gasholder for storing the solar fuel, and power generation equipment for burning the solar fuel and outputting power to the outside. The system and the method realize efficient power generation utilization of the solar energy.

Disclosed is an optical thin film for a thin-film solar cell, which is formed directly on a top surface of the thin-film solar cell having a transparent conductive film layer to provide a high infrared emissivity and a lower solar absorptivity to the thin-film solar cell. The optical thin film is formed through a vacuum vapor deposition process. The thin film makes it possible to provide enhanced infrared emissivity based on its reduced thickness, while suppressing unnecessary incoming solar radiation in a simplified structure to achieve a reduced solar absorptivity so as to maintain desired cell efficiency. The optical thin film of the present invention is capable of achieving reduction in weight of a solar cell, and suitable for use, particularly, in space environments.

The invention discloses a quinoxaline-based conjugated polymer, and a preparation method and application thereof. The structural formula of the quinoxaline-based conjugated polymer provided by the present invention is as shown in a formula I. The present invention provides a quinoxaline-based medium-band-gap conjugated polymer material, and the material exhibits perfect complementarity in solar absorption with narrow-band-gap n-type small molecule acceptor materials, has a suitable electron energy level and better charge transport performance, and thus can be applied to polymer solar cell devices as an electron donor material through matching with the narrow-band-gap n-type small molecule acceptor materials. Since the quinoxaline-based conjugated polymer has simple synthesis steps and high yield and the prepared polymer solar cell device has a wide spectral response range, a high open circuit voltage and a high filling factor, the quinoxaline-based conjugated polymer is expected to becommercialized in polymer solar cells.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a biochar / polymer composite film applied to solar water evaporation, and relates to a preparation method of a composite film applied to solar water evaporation. The method solves the technical problem that the photo-thermal conversion efficiency and the cost benefit of the conventional photo-thermal evaporation element cannot be balanced. The methodcomprises the following steps: 1, preparing catkin biochar; 2, preparing acidified catkin biochar; 3, preparing a biochar / polymer mixed solution; and 4, preparing the biochar / polymer composite film.The method prepares a double-layer composite film having an inner porous hollow structure and carrying hydroxyl, amino and carboxyl functional groups on the surface; and the biochar / polymer compositefilm has a hydrophilic group on the surface, has excellent photo-thermal properties, can efficiently convert solar energy into heat energy, and facilitates solar absorption for water evaporation.

The invention belongs to the field of solar heat utilization, and discloses a preparation method of a solar selective-absorption thin film with a spinel structure. The selective-absorption thin film is subjected to pulling and film plating through a sol-gel method and is formed by roasting. The preparation method is characterized in that metal salt of copper, cobalt and manganese is used as a sol precursor body, alcohol is used as a solvent, metal sol impregnation liquid is prepared by mixing the sol precursor body and the solvent with hydroxyl carboxylic acid and polyethylene glycol 200 according to a certain ratio, a layer of thin film can be plated on a metal substrate having an infrared reflection characteristic by adopting a pulling method after a film forming agent is added, an obtained thin film has higher solar absorption rate (0.90-0.93) and lower emissivity (0.05-0.07) after being subjected to 80-100 DEG C solidification for 30-60 minutes and then being subjected to 500 DEG C heat treatment for 30-60 minutes, and the photo-thermal conversion efficiency of a solar heat collector can be effectively increased.

The invention relates to a freeze dryer energy saving system utilizing solar absorption refrigeration and a running method thereof. The system is additionally provided with a heat storage unit composed of a defrosting water storage tank, an air-conditioning exhaust heat exchange mechanism and other components, the defrosting water storage tank is connected with a condenser and absorber of an absorption refrigeration unit through an air-conditioning exhaust heat recovery mechanism, the air-conditioning exhaust heat recovery mechanism is used for recovering exhaust heat of the condenser and absorber, the defrosting water storage tank is connected with a solar heat collection unit for heat and mass transfer, and a defrosting valve connected with the defrosting water storage tank can supply heated defrosting water to a cold trap for defrosting. Compared with the prior art, the freeze dryer energy saving system can absorb and store the exhaust heat of the absorption refrigeration unit and the excess heat of the solar energy, and is used in a defrosting system of a freeze dryer for defrosting.