421 results about "Absorption ratio" patented technology

Various non-limiting embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to photochromic compounds, which may be thermally reversible or non-thermally reversible, and articles made therefrom. Other non-limiting embodiments relate to photochromic-dichroic compounds, which may be thermally reversible or non-thermally reversible, and articles made therefrom. For example, one non-limiting embodiment provides a thermally reversible, photochromic compound adapted to have at least a first state and a second state, wherein the thermally reversible, photochromic compound has an average absorption ratio greater than 2.3 in at least one state as determined according to CELL METHOD. Another non-limiting embodiment provides a photochromic compound comprising: (a) at least one photochromic group chosen from a pyran, an oxazine, and a fulgide; and (b) at least one lengthening agent L attached to the at least one photochromic group and represented by the formula —[S₁]_c-[Q₁-[S₂]_d]_d′-[Q₂-[S₃]_e]_e′-[Q₃-[S₄]_f]_f′—S₅—P, which is described herein.

This invention is to provide a method for surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin excelling in water absorption properties. This invention relates to a method for the surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin, which comprises: a) mixing 100 parts by weight of a water absorbent resin, 0.01-20 parts by weight of at least one radical polymerization initiator selected from the group-consisting of persulfates, hydrogen peroxide, and azo compounds, and a radically polymerizing compound and b) irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays. The treatment particularly exalts the absorption ratio against pressure and the saline flow conductivity.

Transmission of data from a portable communication device to a base station via a radio frequency signal uses a plurality of modulation and coding schemes and a protocol that has recurring frames. Each frame has a plurality of transmission slots, different numbers of which can be used to transmit data. When it is desired to transmit data a higher rate than was used previously, an attempt is made to increase the number transmission slots being used. If doing so, produces a transmission results in a specific absorption rate limit being exceeded, then the modulation and coding scheme is changed to one having a greater data coding rate. The power level and the number transmission slots then are set so that the data transmission does not exceed the specific absorption rate limit. The data is then transmitted by the portable communication device.

An cross-linked anion exchange resin or a salt thereof obtained by reacting a polymer (A) having amino and/or imino groups in the total number of two or more per molecule with a compound (B) having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with amino and/or imino group contained in the polymer (A). The resin or salt has a water absorption ratio of 4.0 or lower.

A dark color, resin sheet-like body having light reflective properties in a near-infrared region, the body comprising a surface layer (A) receiving solar radiation and a reflection layer (B). Surface layer (A) exhibits a dark color with a solar radiation absorption ratio of 90% or more in a wavelength region of 380 to 720 nm, a ratio of less than 30% in a near-infrared region of 720 to 1500 nm, and ratio of 50% or more in a near-infrared region of 720 to 1500 nm. Reflection layer (B) has a solar radiation reflection ratio of 85% or more in a wavelength region of 380 to 1500 nm. A ratio in a near-infrared region of 720 to 1500 nm of a sheet-like body formed by laminating surface layer (A) and reflection layer (B) is 70% or more.

The present invention provides optical elements comprising a photochromic linear polarizing element and a birefringent layer that circularly or elliptically polarizes transmitted radiation. The photochromic linear polarizing element comprises a substrate and either: (1) a coating comprising an aligned, thermally reversible photochromic-dichroic compound having an average absorption ratio of at least 1.5 in an activated state, and being operable for switching from a first absorption state to a second absorption state in response to actinic radiation, to revert back to the first absorption state in response to thermal energy, and to linearly polarize transmitted radiation in at least one of the two states; or (2) an at least partially ordered polymeric sheet connected to the substrate; and a thermally reversible photochromic-dichroic compound that is at least partially aligned with the polymeric sheet and has an average absorption ratio greater than 2.3 in the activated state.

Reflection intensities of a standard wafer with a known reflectance, a plain wafer on which no pattern is formed, and a semiconductor wafer to be processed practically are measured by using an optical measuring system. Their respective reflection intensities are subjected to spectral resolution processing. The optical energy value absorbed by the plain wafer is calculated from the reflection intensity of the standard wafer and the reflection intensity of the plain wafer. The optical energy value absorbed by the processing object wafer is calculated from the reflection intensity of the standard wafer and the reflection intensity of the processing object wafer. Based on these, the optical energy absorption ratio of the processing object wafer to the plain wafer is calculated. From this optical energy absorption ratio and the optimum energy value of light irradiated to the plain wafer, the optimum energy value to be irradiated to the processing object wafer is calculated.

The invention discloses a high-speed superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with a strong absorption structure and a preparation method of the high-speed SNSPD with the strong absorption structure. The SNSPD is capable of further improving the photon absorptivity of superconducting nanowires based on an incident medium with a high refractive index and an air cavity structure. Compared with the prior art and according to the high-speed SNSPD, under the condition that the nanowires are made of superconducting ultrathin membranes with the same material and the same thickness, nearly 100% of absorptivity can be realized through a lower duty ratio, and the difficulty of electron beams in the exposure steps is reduced greatly, thereby particularly being more beneficial to the preparation of the ultrathin nanowires; and meanwhile, by adopting a silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate, the high-quality growth of the superconducting ultrathin membranes can be ensured simultaneously without affecting the intrinsic quantum efficiency of the detector. In addition, under the condition that the large effective detection area is ensured equally, as the total length of the required nanowires is reduced obviously, the maximum counting rate of the detector can be improved, and the probability of occurring defects during preparation process is decreased notably.

The invention provides a method for simultaneously measuring the laser absorptivity and thermal conductivity of a single micro-nano wire rod, belonging to the technical field of characterization of property of nano-materials. The method disclosed herein is characterized by using contactless laser Raman measurement technology to position and carry out temperature calibration on the single micro-nano wire rod; then respectively using laser heating and electric heating methods in a vacuum environment to reach equal core temperature of samples to be measured and measure respective heating power; substituting the geometry size, core temperature and heating power of the micro-nano wire rod in a theoretical formula to simultaneously calculate the laser absorptivity and thermal conductivity of the samples to be measured. According to the invention, the method has the advantages of wide range of application, simple principle and convenient operation, is suitable for various micro-nano wire rods which have characteristic Raman spectrum and have different materials, diameters and lengths, fills the technical gap of measuring the laser absorptivity of the single micro-nano wire rod, and provides valuable basic physical property data for practical engineering application.

The invention discloses a surface-plasma-based infrared photon absorption device of a composite resonator, belongs to the technical field of infrared photon absorption, and solves the technical problems of small absorptivity and narrow work wavebands of the infrared photon absorption device at an infrared waveband in the prior art. The infrared photon absorption device disclosed by the invention comprises a reflecting layer, a medium layer, and a metal layer, wherein the medium layer is formed on the reflecting layer; the metal layer is formed on the medium layer; the metal layer is formed by microstructures which are arranged periodically; the dimensions and the cycles of the microstructures are in sub-wavelength scales. The average absorbance of the infrared photon absorption device of the composite resonator, disclosed by the invention, on incident light can be up to 95%; the infrared photon absorption device can work within a relatively wide waveband.

The invention discloses a synthesis method of water-absorbent resin with a novel structure. The synthesis method is characterized by comprising, by weight, 200-300 parts of acrylic acid, 1-5 parts of cross-linking agents, 700-800 parts of deionized water, 0.5-2 parts of oxidation reduction initiating agents, 50-80 parts of octylene glycol, 10-80 parts of ethyl alcohol, 5-15 parts of butanediol diglycidyl ether, 20-40 parts of aluminum sulfate, 2-5 parts of silicon dioxide and sodium hydroxide solution. According to the synthesis method, the acrylic acid is firstly polymerized at the indoor temperature and then neutralized by the aid of the sodium hydroxide solution, triple cross-linking treatment of the surface is performed, so that the water-absorbent resin has high gel intensity and pressurizing absorption capacity, good liquid passing performance and water retention capacity and fundamentally solves the problem that gel intensity and absorption ratio cannot be completely considered, and the synthesized water-absorbent resin is quite excellent in performance and has high infiltration speed, super-low reverse osmosis and super-dry and comfortable surfaces when being applied to paper diapers.

The invention discloses a small-scale throttling low-temperature refrigerator circulation system with an ejector, which comprises a compressor connected to a pipeline, a cooler, two regenerators and a throttle valve. Another ejector is further arranged between a second regenerator and an evaporator. By utilizing the effects of expansion and pressurization of the ejector, the invention can enhance the suction pressure of the compressor, lower the pressure ratio and the air absorption ratio capacity of the compressor, thus correspondingly lowering the unit power consumption of the compressor and enhancing the gas transmission rate of the compressor, increasing the cooling capacity of the system and enhancing the performance coefficient of the system. On the other hand, the ejector is adopted to result in that the heat exchange water equivalent of two sides of the regenerator is more matched, thus improving the heat recovery process and reducing the irreversible loss in the heat recovery process. Thereby, the small-scale throttling low-temperature refrigerator circulation system with an ejector has obvious advantages with respect to improving the performance of the throttling refrigeration system.

The invention relates to an organic modified epoxy resin and its preparing method as well as electronic packaging material made from it and the preparing method of this packaging material. At normal temperature and normal pressure, using 100 share biphenol A epoxy resin to react with 0-20 share alkyl silicon and 0-100 share chloride terminated polysiloxane in an organic solvent in weight share, after completing reaction, washing out quaternary ammonium salts, then making vacuum distillation to eliminate the organic solvent, and obtaining the product modified resin; in weight share, mixing the obtained modified resin with 0-200 share phenol aldehyde epoxy resin, 0-100 share bromic epoxy resin and 0-100 share phosphoric epoxy resin, using 0-80 share high-temperature solidifying agent so as to obtain more excellent performance electronic packaging epoxy resin material, which has high Tg, high flexibility, low water absorption ratio, and other properties, beneficial to large-scale spread and application as well as industrialization.

A semiconductor nanocrystal characterized by having a solid state photoluminescence external quantum efficiency at a temperature of 90° C. or above that is at least 95% of the solid state photoluminescence external quantum efficiency of the semiconductor nanocrystal at 25° C. is disclosed. A semiconductor nanocrystal having a multiple LO phonon assisted charge thermal escape activation energy of at least 0.5 eV is also disclosed. A semiconductor nanocrystal capable of emitting light with a maximum peak emission at a wavelength in a range from 590 nm to 650 nm characterized by an absorption spectrum, wherein the absorption ratio of OD at 325 nm to OD at 450 nm is greater than 5.5. A semiconductor nanocrystal capable of emitting light with a maximum peak emission at a wavelength in a range from 545 nm to 590 nm characterized by an absorption spectrum, wherein the absorption ratio of OD at 325 nm to OD at 450 nm is greater than 7. A semiconductor nanocrystal capable of emitting light with a maximum peak emission at a wavelength in a range from 495 nm to 545 nm characterized by an absorption spectrum, wherein the absorption ratio of OD at 325 nm to OD at 450 nm is greater than 10. A composition comprising a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals wherein the solid state photoluminescence efficiency of the composition at a temperature of 90° C. or above is at least 95% of the solid state photoluminescence efficiency of the composition 25° C. is further disclosed. A method for preparing semiconductor nanocrystals comprises introducing one or more first shell chalcogenide precursors and one or more first shell metal precursors to a reaction mixture including semiconductor nanocrystal cores, wherein the first shell chalcogenide precursors are added in an amount greater than the first shell metal precursors by a factor of at least about 2 molar equivalents and reacting the first shell precursors at a first reaction temperature of at least 300° C. to form a first shell on the semiconductor nanocrystal cores. Populations, compositions, components and other products including semiconductor nanocrystals of the invention are disclosed. Populations, compositions, components and other products including semiconductor nanocrystals made in accordance with any method of the invention is also disclosed.

The invention provides an organic-silicon resin exterior wall paint which is suitable for exterior wall decoration of national architectures, wherein the paint comprises pigment and filler which occupies 35-45% of the weight of paint, film forming matter 25-35%, addition agent 8-12% and water 20-25%, wherein film forming matter is formed by organic-silicon resin emulsion and acrylic polymer emulsion, and the percentages by weight are that organic-silicon resin emulsion 40-50 and acrylic polymer emulsion 55-60, and potassium methyl silicate water solution which occupies 0.08-0.12% of the weight of the paint is added in the paint. The organic-silicon resin exterior wall paint of the invention is suitable for national climatic characteristics and environmental factors, which has excellent pollution resistance on the basis of keeping weatherability, air permeability and low water absorption ratio, and is particularly suitable for the decoration and protection of exterior wall of national architecture. The invention also discloses a process for preparing the above paint, and the process can lead organic-silicon resin emulsion to be evenly dispersed in pigment and filler, which better improves water resistance of film coating.

The invention discloses a millimeter wave blackbody radiation calibration source with a biconical cavity serial structure, which is cylindrical as a whole and has a cylindrical structure made of metalmaterial. An integrated cavity structure connected in series by a lip, a circular cavity, a transition section and a conical cavity which are all in rounding off from top to bottom is arranged in thecenter of a cylinder, and the opening surface of the cavity is arranged in the center of the top of the cylinder. A cavity inner wall wave-absorbing material coating is made of wave-absorbing material coated on the inner wall of the cavity according to the required thickness. The invention lowers the probability that radiation energy incident from the opening surface is reflected and returned from the opening surface during transmission in the cavity so that the radiation energy is reflected many times in the cavity and absorbed. Through controlling the coating depth, the invention solves theproblem that the consistency of temperatures of blackbody calibration sources is influenced due to overlarge coating depth and poor thermal conductivity while improving the absorptivity of the cavityinner wall of the blackbody radiation calibration source to the radiation energy.

The invention discloses a pharmaceutical composition as an iron supplement agent, which comprises ferrous glycinate, antioxidant and medicinal carrying agents. The invention also discloses preparations containing the composition, the process for preparing the composition and the preparations, and the use of the composition in preventing and treating iron deficiency. The composition is capable of appreciably improving the absorption ratio of iron in intestinal tract, thereby improving iron-deficiency anemia effectively.

The invention discloses a glazing glass mineral desiccant, the technique highlight of which is that, the glazing glass mineral desiccant comprises warp clay, sodium-hydroxide, calcium oxide, diatom earth, and high-alumina earth, and the product is prepared after milling, granulating, drying, sifting, and packing. It has a good stability, a high wet absorption ratio, and a strong intensity. And it can apply to glazing glass devices and other location needing to keep dry.

Disclosed is a method of lowering electromagnetic wave energy specific absorption ratio (SAR) of a mobile terminal. The method comprises: arranging at least two antennas in a mobile terminal, the first antenna being a main antenna, the second antenna being an auxiliary antenna, and placing the first antenna and the second antenna diagonally in the mobile terminal; detecting outgoing radiation power of the first antenna in a communication process of the mobile terminal in real time; and controlling, according to the outgoing radiation power, the mobile terminal to use the first antenna or the second antenna to perform communication. Meanwhile, further disclosed are a mobile terminal and a computer storage medium.

The extraction of active small molecular placentin from lamb embryo and its purpose that belongs to the bioengineering field includes the following steps: removing stomach and intestine from fresh lamb embryo of 40-90 days and cutting up, homogenizing with distilled water, frost thawing repeatedly at -20DEG C, filtrating, heating the filtrate and obtaining Filtrate A and Sediment A; ultra-filtrating Filtrate A and obtaining the transparent primrose yellow Filtrate B and Sediment B; mingling Sediment A and Sediment B, modifying pH to 2.0, adding pepsin, then modifying pH to 7.0, incubating at 100 +-2DEG C and preserving Filtrate C; active small molecular placentin is obtained by mingling Filtrate B and C that can be used in the preparation of skin care product. The placentin prepared in this invention has the molecular weight of 3000-6000 and contains mainly cytokines and small peptides, has high activity, low side-effect such as anaphylactic response, and increased skin absorption ratio.

The invention relates to a method for determining content of amylopectin and amylose in broomcorn. The method comprises the following steps of 1, preparing an amylopectin regression equation and an amylose regression equation; 2, calculating the absorption ratio alpha of the amylopectin and the absorption ratio beta of the amylose; 3, measuring the sample, calculating the absorbance of the amylopectin and the amylose at the measurement wavelength through a given formula, and then correspondingly inserting the absorption ratio and the absorbance into corresponding regression equations to obtain the concentration of the amylopectin and the amylose. The determination method provided by the invention just requires two wavelengths; an error caused by dual-wavelength null hypothesis is removed; and compared with the dual-wavelength, the method disclosed by the invention is simpler in principle and computing method, and the finally obtained content of the amylopectin and the amylose is high in accuracy.

A mechanism and method for directly observing data from which the thermal emissivity or absorptivity of a surface can be calculated. The invention teaches the use of a substantially planar heat-flux or heat-flow sensor employing a thermopile, to measure the rate of heat dissipation from a radiating surface thermally attached to one side of the heat-flux sensor where the radiating surface is exposed to a first temperature and where the second side of the heat flux sensor is in thermal contact with a heat source at a second higher temperature.