34 results about "Solar absorber" patented technology

A system and method for production of hydrogen from natural gas using a solar powered system are provided. An exemplary solar powered system includes a feed stream including methane and a solar concentrator reactor (SCR) to form hydrogen from the feed stream by pyrolysis. The SCR includes a rotating tubular reactor, a solar absorber material disposed on the rotating tubular reactor, a solar concentrator to focus sunlight on the rotating tubular reactor, and a gas-solid filtration unit to separate solid carbon from the hydrogen. The solar powered system includes a storage tank to hold the hydrogen.

The present invention provides a bidirectional energy-transfer system comprising: a thermally and / or electrically conductive concrete, disposed in a structural object; a location of energy supply or demand that is physically isolated from, but in thermodynamic and / or electromagnetic communication with, the thermally and / or electrically conductive concrete; and a means of transferring energy between the structural object and the location of energy supply or demand. The system can be a single node in a neural network. The thermally and / or electrically conductive concrete includes a conductive, shock-absorbing material, such as graphite. Preferred compositions are disclosed for the thermally and / or electrically conductive concrete. The bidirectional energy-transfer system may be present in a solar-energy collection system, a grade beam, an indoor radiant flooring system, a structural wall or ceiling, a bridge, a roadway, a driveway, a parking lot, a commercial aviation runway, a military runway, a grain silo, or pavers, for example.

The invention relates to a solar absorber (1) for use in a solar power plant, the solar absorber (1) having at least one main body (2) which is accommodated in a sheath housing (3), the main body (2) being formed from a plurality of metal foils, a first metal foil being smooth and a second metal foil being at least partially structured, the first metal foil being flat and the second metal foil being at least partially structured, the metal foils are stacked on one another and a plurality of flow channels (8), which can flow through the gas inlet side (6) to the gas outlet side in a main flow direction (7), are formed between the metal foils, the sheath housing (3) being connected to a funnel (4), to which the coupling tube (5) is connected, and a fluid can flow through the flow channels (8) along the funnel (4) to the coupling tube (5).

A solar absorber coating for a receiver element of a solar thermal or thermodynamic system. An additional aspect is a receiver for solar thermal or thermodynamic systems comprising a coating. The receiver may be an evacuated receiver pipe or a non-evacuated or air-operating receiver pipe.

The present invention relates to a solar absorber based on a gold nanoarray, which belongs to the field of micro-nano optoelectronic technology. The solar absorber is composed of gold nanounits periodically arranged in an XOY plane. Sunlight is incident in the form of a plane wave. Each of the gold nanounits comprises, from bottom to top, a base layer, a distributed Bragg reflector layer, a two-dimensional material layer, and an antenna layer. The distributed Bragg reflector layer includes five layers of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). The projections of the base layer, distributed Bragg reflector layer, and two-dimensional material layer on the XOY plane overlap and form a square. The projection of the antenna layer on the XOY plane is a circle, and the square and circle are concentric. The solar absorber has a simple structure, an average absorptivity of 80% in the visible light range of 400nm-700nm, is unaffected by the polarization of the light source, and exhibits good absorption effect within the incident angle range of 0° to 60°.

This invention provides a heat exchange unit and a compact solar absorber based on jet design, relating to the field of solar absorber technology. The jet-based heat exchange unit includes: a hot sidewall and a non-hot sidewall arranged opposite each other, with multiple horizontal medium channels formed between them. Adjacent medium channels are spaced apart. The non-hot sidewall includes multiple continuously arranged sub-non-hot sidewalls, each sub-non-hot sidewall corresponding to one medium channel. Each sub-non-hot sidewall has multiple medium inlets and medium outlets, spaced apart. The medium inlets are used to jet cold medium toward the hot sidewall. The solution provided by this invention can reduce pressure drop losses in the channels and improve heat exchange performance.

The present invention relates to a smart heating and cooling device capable of selectively implementing solar heating and radiant cooling, and a manufacturing method therefor. The smart heating and cooling device according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a flexible substrate; a bottom layer which is disposed on the flexible substrate and which has a radiant cooling body; and a top layer which is disposed on the flexible substrate, and which has a band partially fixed to the flexible substrate so as to be bent and deformed according to the deformation of the flexible substrate, and a solar absorber connected to the band so as to be movable according to the deformation of the band, wherein the solar absorber moves according to the deformation of the flexible substrate so as to selectively cover the radiant cooling body.

Methane may be reformed through use of a solar reformer. Example methods of methane conversion through solar energy may include: supplying water and methane to a reaction chamber of a solar reformer unit; directing, using a solar reflector external to the reaction chamber, sunlight to one or more exterior solar absorbers of one or more solar absorbers; converting the sunlight into heat with the one or more solar absorbers; directing a portion of the heat converted by the one or more exterior solar absorbers to an interior of the reaction chamber using one or more light-porous pipes disposed within the reaction chamber; vaporizing at least a portion of the water to steam; and generating, within the reaction chamber, a reformate gas from the methane and the steam by a steam-methane reaction aided by one or more catalyst rods disposed within the reaction chamber.

The present invention relates to the technical field of solar thermal conversion and water treatment, and in particular to a preparation method and application of a biomass hybrid hydrogel evaporator. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a solar absorber, and S2, preparing a hydrogel evaporator; applying the prepared biomass hybrid hydrogel evaporator to the purification of salty water resources. The biomass hybrid hydrogel evaporator prepared by the present invention has the advantages of reducing evaporation enthalpy, improving material hydrophilicity, and excellent light absorption and heat conversion capabilities, high evaporation efficiency, and can stably combine the anti-polyelectrolyte effect of zwitterionic hydrogels, thereby solving the problems of salt crystallization and difficult evaporation in salty water.

The invention relates to the technical field of micro-nano optical devices, in particular to a selective high-absorption solar absorber based on a double-layer elliptical structure, which consists of a plurality of selective high-absorption absorber unit structure periodic arrays, each selective high-absorption absorber unit structure comprises an upper-layer elliptical disk array structure, a middle dielectric layer, a lower-layer square array structure and a metal tungsten substrate, and a local surface plasmon resonance mode can be generated between a metal layer and the dielectric layer through the upper-layer elliptical disk array structure; the built-in square array structure in the metal tungsten substrate can generate a Fabry-Perot resonance mode, high absorption of a target wave band, namely a wave band where solar radiation is located, can be further improved through coupling of multiple modes generated by the lower layer and the upper layer, meanwhile, the absorption rate of a long wave band can be restrained, and selective absorption is achieved. The selective high-absorption solar absorber based on the double-layer elliptical structure has potential application value in the fields of thermophotovoltaic power generation, solar photo-thermal conversion and the like.

This invention relates to the field of metal micro / nano optical device technology, and more particularly to a high-absorption ultra-wideband solar energy absorber, comprising several sets of nanocomposite structures, a titanium thin film, a one-dimensional PMMA grating structure, and a titanium substrate. The nanocomposite structures, titanium thin film, one-dimensional PMMA grating structure, and titanium substrate are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. By combining nanodisc structures and nanoelliptical disk structures, local surface plasmon resonance modes can be excited, thereby improving absorption in the short wavelength range. In addition, by introducing a one-dimensional PMMA grating structure, new and stronger local surface plasmon resonance modes can be excited at the one-dimensional PMMA grating structure, thereby improving absorption in the long wavelength range and achieving the effect of broadening the bandwidth.

This utility model discloses a solar-powered hot air assisted heating system and a pressurized building. The system includes a solar collector, a return air mechanism, and an air supply mechanism. The solar collector heats air using solar energy and includes an outdoor, sealed collector chamber with a solar absorber plate on its sun-facing side. The return air mechanism supplies return air from the pressurized building to the collector chamber and includes a return air duct connected to both ends of the collector chamber and the pressurized building, with a return air valve on the duct. The air supply mechanism supplies hot air heated by the collector chamber to the pressurized building or circulates indoor air. It includes an air supply duct and a circulation duct. The air supply duct is connected to both ends of the collector chamber and the middle of the circulation duct, while both ends of the circulation duct are connected to the pressurized building. The air supply duct has an air supply valve, and the circulation duct has a circulation valve upstream and a blower and an electric heating element downstream. This system can utilize solar energy to provide hot air for auxiliary heating and achieve indoor air circulation.

The application discloses a kind of super material broadband solar absorber, belong to super material optical device technical field.The absorber adopts whole refractory material system, only by chromium (Cr) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) is formed, overall is periodic inverted hollow right square prism structure, system is divided into upper and lower two parts: the upper half is the periodic cyclic structure of SiO2 and Cr composition;Lower half is SiO2 dielectric layer and Cr reflection layer;From top to bottom, it presents the periodic hollow inverted right square prism structure.The application realizes 97.26% average absorption rate in 250-2500nm wavelength range, energy absorption rate is as high as 97.96% under AM1.5 standard solar irradiation condition, while the absorber has excellent polarization insensitive characteristics, simple structure, excellent thermal stability, can be widely used in solar energy collection, optical stealth and other fields.

The invention discloses a solar multi-stage driven high-salinity wastewater treatment system, and belongs to the technical field of solar photo-thermal and wastewater treatment. The problems that in industrial high-salinity wastewater treatment, solar heat supply efficiency is low, exhaust energy consumption is high, and heat energy recycling is insufficient are solved. According to the technical key points, the system comprises a heliostat group, a solar absorber, a heat collection tower, a high-temperature heat storage tank, a low-temperature heat storage tank, a pump, a heater, an ejector, a wastewater concentration heater, a gas-liquid separator, a vertical condenser, a liquid storage tank, a salt storage tank, a desalting centrifugal device, a drying device and an exhaust chimney; or a vertical condenser is replaced by a horizontal condenser, or heat conduction fins are further arranged on the inner wall of the exhaust chimney, and a heating coil is arranged on the outer wall of the exhaust chimney. Comprising a condensation heat collection system, a wastewater treatment system and a convection exhaust system, solar energy is used as a unique heat source for wastewater evaporation, salt crystal drying and exhaust driving, full-flow low-carbon treatment of high-salinity wastewater is achieved, and the core problems of high energy consumption, poor adaptability and heat energy waste in the traditional technology are solved.

Abstract This application relates to inventive concentrated solar power systems using solar receivers. The solar receiver comprises a fluid chamber configured for operating at pressures up to 2 atmospheres, and characterised by a solar absorber housed within the fluid chamber, and a plurality of transparent elongated panels that define a segmented wall of the fluid chamber, wherein concentrated solar radiation received through an opening passes through the segmented wall and into the fluid chamber and impinges upon the solar absorber. solar absorber.

The present invention relates to a solar absorber based on an I-shaped structure and a cross-shaped antenna, belonging to the field of micro-nano optoelectronic technology. The solar absorber absorbs sunlight incident by plane waves and is composed of multiple identical unit structures periodically arranged in an XOY plane. Each unit structure includes, from bottom to top, a base layer, a buffer layer, and an antenna layer. The antenna layer includes, from bottom to top, a metal layer and a non-metal layer, which are completely consistent in shape and size. The base layer and the buffer layer are projected onto the XOY plane in the same square shape, while the antenna is projected onto the XOY plane in the shape of an I-beam and a cross. The present invention has a simple structure and can achieve an average absorption rate of 93.77% within a broadband range of 451nm to 1449nm. In addition, the present invention has a good absorption effect when incident with different polarized light and at different incident angles.

The solar absorber based on a titanium square ring structure array belongs to the field of micro-nano optoelectronic technology. It is composed of multiple adjustable structural units periodically arranged in the XOY plane. Sunlight is incident in the form of a plane wave. Each adjustable structural unit comprises, from bottom to top, a base layer of Ti material, a first buffer layer of Si3N4 material, a second buffer layer of TiN material, and an antenna made of Ti material. The base layer, the first buffer layer, and the second buffer layer are all square in shape. The antenna is in the shape of a square ring and is arranged above the center of the buffer layer. The side length of the square ring includes an angle of 45° with the X-axis and the Y-axis. The solar absorber has a simple structure and an average absorption rate of 95.9% within a broadband range of 280nm-2100nm. It is not affected by the polarization of the light source and has a good absorption effect within the incident angle range of 0° to 60°.

This invention discloses a broadband high-absorption solar absorber based on a hollow cross-ring structure. The absorber is composed of a periodic array of hollow cross-ring structural units. Each unit, from top to bottom, includes a metallic iron (Fe) resonator layer, a silicon dioxide (SiO₂) dielectric layer, a gallium arsenide (GaAs) layer, and a metallic Fe reflective layer. The metallic iron resonator employs a hollow cross-ring structure design. Through optimized structural design, material selection, and key parameter matching, this invention achieves highly efficient light energy capture over a wide spectral range: an average absorptivity of 98.47% in the 498-1988 nm wavelength range, a continuous bandwidth exceeding 90% at 1490 nm, and a weighted absorption efficiency of 97.96% under the AM1.5 standard solar spectrum, with an energy loss rate of only 2.04%. The excellent absorption performance of this absorber stems from the surface plasmon resonance, gap plasmon resonance, and synergistic coupling effect between the unit structures excited by the hollow cross-ring structure. Meanwhile, the overall structure is only 243 nanometers thick, exhibiting ultra-thin characteristics, high stability, and good fabrication tolerance. This invention can be widely applied in fields of high-efficiency solar energy utilization such as photovoltaic power generation and photothermal conversion, providing new ideas for the development of next-generation high-efficiency solar energy devices and possessing significant engineering application value.

Methane may be reformed through use of a solar reformer. Example methods of methane conversion through solar energy may include: supplying water and methane to a reaction chamber of a solar reformer unit; directing, using a solar reflector external to the reaction chamber, sunlight to one or more exterior solar absorbers of one or more solar absorbers; converting the sunlight into heat with the one or more solar absorbers; directing a portion of the heat converted by the one or more exterior solar absorbers to an interior of the reaction chamber using one or more light-porous pipes disposed within the reaction chamber; vaporizing at least a portion of the water to steam; and generating, within the reaction chamber, a reformate gas from the methane and the steam by a steam-methane reaction aided by one or more catalyst rods disposed within the reaction chamber.

A solar radiation receiver having a receiver chamber having at least one radiation opening through which concentrated solar radiation can be introduced into the receiver chamber, having at least one solar absorber device which has at least one solid medium block which is fastened to a transport device, and having at least one opening through which the at least one solar absorber device is inserted such that the at least one solid medium block is arranged in the receiver, and through which the solar absorber device is removed.

Aspects of the disclosure include a multilayer surface-covering assembly adapted to convert solar radiation to heat. The multilayer surface-covering assembly may include a first composite layer comprising a first amorphous refractory material and first metal nanoparticles, wherein the first amorphous refractor material encapsulates the first metal nanoparticles, and wherein the first composite layer is thermally coupled with a surface of a structure for conduction of heat from the first composite layer to the structure. The multilayer surface-covering assembly may also include an antireflective layer, wherein the first composite layer is disposed between the antireflective layer and the surface of the structure.

The present invention relates to a solar absorber and a greenhouse system using same and, more specifically, to a solar absorber and a greenhouse system using same, the absorber absorbing solar radiant energy so that energy can be saved during cooling, and recycling the absorbed thermal energy to perform heating so that energy costs can be saved and greenhouse management efficiency can be improved. The solar absorber provided in a cultivation space, according to the present invention, comprises: a heat absorber for absorbing radiant energy of the cultivation space; a heat absorber accommodation part in which the heat absorber is embedded; and a cooling means for supplying a cooling medium to the heat absorber accommodation part in order to cool the heat absorber and the heat absorber accommodation part.

The present invention relates to a solar thermal energy accumulator and converter, comprising at least one hollow vessel (11), filled with a phase-change material (12), forming hollow cylindrical cavities (13) around a hollow rectangular cavity (15), a solar absorber (14) arranged in a fixed position and inserted into a cylindrical cavity (13), and a thermophotovoltaic generator (16) which is inserted into the rectangular cavity (15). The vessel (11), the thermophotovoltaic generator (16) and the fixed solar absorber (14) are aligned along a horizontal axis of the accumulator and converter. If the thermophotovoltaic generator (16) moves vertically away from the vessel (11) and the fixed solar absorber (14), the solar absorber (14) transfers thermal energy to the vessel (11); if the vessel (11) moves vertically such as to be aligned with the position reached by the thermophotovoltaic generator (16), the vessel (11) transfers energy to the thermophotovoltaic generator (16); and if the thermophotovoltaic generator (16) moves away from the position reached by the vessel (11), the exchange of thermal energy between the solar absorber (14), the thermophotovoltaic generator (16) and the vessel (11) is prevented, with thermal energy being stored in the vessel (11).

The solar absorber based on the cross-shaped structure array of the present invention belongs to the field of micro-nano optoelectronic technology; it is composed of multiple adjustable structural units arranged periodically in the XOY plane, and sunlight is incident in the form of a plane wave. Each adjustable structural unit consists of a base layer, a buffer layer and an antenna from bottom to top; the base layer and the buffer layer are square in shape, and the shape of the antenna includes a regular cross structure arranged in the middle of the buffer layer and a T-shaped structure arranged at the edge of the buffer layer. Two adjustable structural units are arranged together, and two adjacent T-shaped structures form a non-regular cross structure; the antenna includes an upper structure made of SiN4 and a lower structure made of W, and the upper and lower structures have the same shape, size and placement direction; the present invention has a simple structure, an average absorption rate of 94.1% in the broadband range of 584.2nm-2802.1nm, and is not affected by the polarization of the light source. It has a good absorption effect in the incident angle range of 0° to 60°.

A system and method for production of hydrogen from natural gas using a solar powered system are provided. An exemplary solar powered system includes a feed stream including methane and a solar concentrator reactor (SCR) to form hydrogen from the feed stream by pyrolysis. The SCR includes a rotating tubular reactor, a solar absorber material disposed on the rotating tubular reactor, a solar concentrator to focus sunlight on the rotating tubular reactor, and a gas-solid filtration unit to separate solid carbon from the hydrogen. The solar powered system includes a storage tank to hold the hydrogen.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a solar absorber comprising light-absorbing multiscale fractal textured surfaces. The disclosure also relates to methods of making the same.

The invention discloses an ultra-wideband efficient solar absorber in the fields of optics, material science and energy, which comprises a Ti substrate, the height of the Ti substrate is h1, a SiO2 layer is arranged on the Ti substrate, the side length of the SiO2 layer is consistent with an array period P, the height of the SiO2 layer is h2, a rotating Ti layer is arranged above the SiO2 layer, the height of the Ti layer is h3, a concentric Ni ring is arranged above the Ti layer, the inner ring radius of the concentric Ni ring is r1, and the inner ring radius of the concentric Ni ring is r2. And the radius of the outer ring is r2. Within the wave band range of 200 nm to 3000 nm, the average absorptivity with the theoretical value being 98% is achieved, and the absorptivity can be 99% at the position of 907 nm. Compared with a traditional absorber, the absorber has the advantages of being wide in frequency band, high in absorption, relatively simple in structure, easy to manufacture and low in cost. The invention provides possibility for preparation of the absorber, and has wide application prospects in the fields of solar energy collection, stealth and heat emitters.

A solar absorber disclosed by the present invention comprises a plurality of absorber units arranged in a periodic array, each absorber unit comprises a substrate layer, a dielectric layer, an ultrathin film layer and at least one antenna which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the substrate layer is made of a Ti material, the dielectric layer is made of an Al2O3 material, the ultrathin film layer and the antenna are both made of a TiN material, and the at least one antenna is made of a TiN material. The projections of the substrate layer, the dielectric layer and the ultrathin film layer on the XOY plane are square, and the projection of the antenna on the XOY plane is circular. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easiness in actual processing and production, good absorption effect and good stability.

The present invention relates to seawater desalination technology, and aims to provide a solar seawater distillation device with a multi-level stacked structure and adjustable inclination angle. The device includes: a vertically arranged water supply main pipe; a plurality of fixed frames arranged alternately and fixed on the water supply main pipe in parallel; a plurality of support frames, respectively connected to the fixed frames through rotating shafts; adjacent upper and lower layers of support frames form relatively closed evaporation chambers with baffles; solar absorbers are arranged on the topmost fixed frame and the supporting bottom plate, and a water-absorbing material layer is arranged under each layer of fixed frame and bottom plate. The present invention has modular device components, and the number of levels of the latent heat recovery part can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of intermediate layers, thereby changing the actual fresh water production. Each layer of evaporation chamber has a better temperature distribution, can form stronger air convection, enhance steam migration and diffusion, and has a higher water production efficiency; the device has the function of water and salt co-production and the function of adjusting the optimal sunlight incident angle.

Solar thermal and chemical hybrid rocket configurations for mining and other space applications are disclosed. One aspect is a rocket propulsion system configured to provide rocket thrust, including a solar absorber, a rocket nozzle, and a solar power collection system configured to collect solar energy from the sun, generate an energy beam from the collected sunlight, heat the solar absorber to transfer heat to one or more pressurized propulsive gases, and expel the heated pressurized propulsive gases through a rocket nozzle. A solar absorber can be formed from a granular collection or agglomeration of solids (e.g., of beads), which can be layered with more transparent layer(s) above and more absorbing layer(s) below to create a temperature profile in propellant(s) flowing through the absorber. A hybrid motor can provide an energy (e.g., solar) absorber for absorbing and transferring radiative energy as well as a combustion area. Multiple propellants can be present in a single chamber and be forced from a nozzle to produce thrust. Pressure in a rocket can be achieved from heating inert gasses, and alternatively or simultaneously, from mixing and igniting non-inert gasses.