289 results about "Solar water heating" patented technology

The invention discloses a photo-thermal phase change fiber material with a core-shell structure and a preparation method of the photo-thermal phase change fiber material. The method comprises the following steps: performing coaxial electrostatic spinning on a shell layer spinning solution and a core layer spinning solution to obtain core-shell structure nanofibers; soaking the core-shell structure nanofiber in the hydrophobic modification solution; and heating and drying the soaked fibers to obtain the photo-thermal phase change fiber material with the core-shell structure. The material can enhance adsorption of marine leaked crude oil through solar heating, can cope with complex weather conditions through heat storage of the phase change material, and has the advantages of simple preparation method, strong crude oil adsorption performance, environmental protection, harmlessness and the like.

Omnivorous solar thermal thrusters and adjustable cooling structures are disclosed. In one aspect, a solar thermal rocket engine includes a solar thermal thruster configured to receive solar energy and one or more propellants, and heat the one or more propellants using the solar energy to generate thrust. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use a plurality of different propellant types, either singly or in combination simultaneously. The solar thermal thruster is further configured to use the one or more propellants in both liquid and gaseous states. Related structures can include valves and variable-geometry cooling channels in thermal contact with a thruster wall.

The invention provides a control method and a hot water system, relates to the technical field of hot water systems, and solves the technical problems of high energy consumption, heat loss and excessive heat supply of the hot water system. The control method comprises the following steps that the load of a hot water system is predicted based on the preset daily total hot water consumption and predicted weather parameters of the second day; controlling the hot water system to start based on the predicted hot water system load; obtaining heating water tank internal parameters and solar water heating assembly water production parameters; adjusting the liquid level of the heat-preservation water tank based on the parameters in the heating water tank and the operation time of the hot water system; and switching the water production mode of the hot water system based on the water production parameters of the solar hot water assembly. The actual water supply temperature and the water production capacity of the main machine are adjusted based on future outdoor meteorological parameters and heat consumption changes, the load prediction function is achieved, the system energy consumption is reduced, different liquid levels are divided according to the hot water consumption and the daily time period, and the system energy consumption is reduced while the hot water consumption requirement is met.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochromic devices, and relates to a flexible electrochromic device for heat management of a curved transparent enclosure structure. The electrode is formed by assembling flexible polyethylene glycol terephthalate-indium tin oxide as transparent conductive electrodes on the two sides to clamp a silver-based gel electrolyte. The device is simple in preparation method, controllable in composition and structure and easy to expand; the deposition quality of silver ions is improved through electrode surface plasma cleaning and modification; by applying and removing voltage, the device has reversible dual working modes: an initial state is a solar heating mode, and at the moment, the device has high sunlight transmissivity; voltage is applied to the device to excite deposition of silver on the outer side electrode, at the moment, a radiation cooling mode is adopted, and at the moment, the device has high sunlight reflectivity and high and medium far infrared emissivity; the device has excellent sunlight modulation capability and mechanical stability, and has great application prospects in the aspect of all-season dynamic thermal management of curved transparent enclosure structures such as buildings and automobiles.

The invention relates to the technical field of cluster operation, maintenance and fault diagnosis of a solar water heating system, and discloses a cluster operation, maintenance and fault diagnosis system of a solar water heating system based on digital twinning. The operation, maintenance and diagnosis system comprises a sensing terminal, a multi-source data processing and transmission module, a cluster operation and maintenance management module, a fault diagnosis module and a fault early warning module, and the sensing terminal comprises a data acquisition module, a radar integration module, a satellite positioning module, a Lora communication module and a direct current power supply module. The multi-source data processing and transmission module comprises an edge preprocessing engine and a protocol conversion gateway; the fault early warning module comprises a background server early warning unit and a maintenance information distribution unit; the data acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor, a flow meter, a pressure sensor and an irradiance instrument; through the system, the fault identification accuracy and the fault maintenance efficiency of the solar water heater can be improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of precast beam curing, and particularly relates to a solar energy and air energy steam curing system for precast beams. Comprising a steam curing room, a solar heating module, an air energy heating module, a water storage container and a heat supply pipeline, the solar heating module and the water storage container are connected to form a first circulating pipeline, and the air energy heating module and the water storage container are connected to form a second circulating pipeline; a pedestal aisle is reserved in the middle of the steam curing room, and heat dissipation plates are arranged on the two sides of the pedestal aisle; the heat supply pipeline comprises a heat supply main pipe, heat supply branch pipes and a water spraying pipe, one end of the heat supply main pipe is connected with the water storage container, the other end of the heat supply main pipe is divided into two heat supply branch pipes, and each heat supply branch pipe is connected with the water spraying pipe transversely arranged above the heat dissipation plate; the solar heating module and the air energy heating module cooperatively heat, when the solar heating module is sufficient in heat, the air energy heating module stops working, after the air energy heating module heats water in the water storage container to the target temperature, the air energy heating module stops working, and the solar heating energy efficiency is maximized.

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger (figure 1) in the form of a smooth stainless steel cylindrical tube consisting of three tubes (5-6-7), the invention relating to methods for vaporising water (seawater, pure water, freshwater or wastewater) in order to produce steam (3) by means of a process using concentrated thermodynamic solar power as well as geothermal heat and other forms of heat with cogeneration, and by extension to applications for steam production and for producing hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis. For its process applications, the heat exchanger is in the form of a cylindrical tube of variable diameter (8-9) according to the amount of water (2) to be vaporised and with a length (8) and width (9) defined and modulated according to the flow parameters of a heat-transfer fluid (1-4) heated by solar energy concentrated in situ. The heat exchanger in the form of a stainless steel cylindrical tube is characterised by its particular capacity for process interaction, which produces a thermal transfer by convection and conduction by the tube (6), i.e. a transfer of heat from one hot body, the heat-transfer fluid, oil (7), to a colder body (5), which is a fluid, the water (2). By means of simple works carried out in the sunlit area, the heat exchanger can be installed on the surface, in the subsoil or in a geothermal well having medium or high enthalpy. Once the heat exchanger in the form of a stainless steel cylindrical tube is installed and adapted, systems of pipes carry the water (2) in the space provided up to the heat-transfer system according to the invention, in order to bring the temperature of the fluid to a value higher than the boiling temperature, for the fluid to then be raised, by the same system of pipes, to the surface in order to be vaporised by being ejected to the outside (3) of the heat exchanger. By virtue of its method of use and functions, the heat exchanger in the form of a stainless steel cylindrical tube is intended for methods for vaporising water (seawater, freshwater and wastewater) by evaporation.

Methods and systems for separating a first metal from a metal-containing feed stream are provided. The method can include applying solar energy, for example, by focusing one or more mirrors in one or more heliostats, to heat a metal-containing feed stream in a heating zone to a first temperature to produce a first vapor including the first metal. The first vapor can be condensed in a condensation zone to produce a first liquid including the first metal, and the first liquid can be collected. The system can include a separation unit include a heating zone in fluid communication with a condensation zone and a means for applying solar energy to heat a metal-containing feed stream disposed in the heating zone.

A method for synchronously activating persulfate using "light-heat-FeS2 / dust-free cloth" and a use. Metal iron sulfide FeS2 is loaded to the surface of black dust-free cloth ALC in an ultrasonic dispersion manner to form a FeS2 / ALC integrated photo-thermal catalyst. Persulfate is activated by using Fe2+, FeS2 / ALC absorbs solar energy to heat and activate the persulfate, and sunlight directly activates the persulfate, so that the "light-heat-FeS2 / dust-free cloth integrates three activation effects for synchronously activating the persulfate, achieving efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water.

A heating system for use in the solar powered heating of water. In one embodiment, the heating system is used in conjunction with a solar water farm to desalinate water. The water farm can be utilized on a variety of scales and can be applied to agricultural farms for large scale reclamation of deserts.

The invention provides a polyether-ether-ketone composite membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of composite materials. The invention provides a polyether-ether-ketone composite membrane. The polyether-ether-ketone composite membrane comprises a coating, a first aramid fiber composite membrane and a second aramid fiber composite membrane, the coating is arranged on the surface of the first aramid fiber composite film; the first aramid fiber composite membrane comprises first polyether-ether-ketone and first deprotonated aramid fiber dispersed in the first polyether-ether-ketone; the second aramid fiber composite film comprises second polyether-ether-ketone, and graphene, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and second deprotonated aramid fibers which are dispersed in the second polyether-ether-ketone; the coating comprises soluble polyaryletherketone and mica sheets and / or boron nitride wrapped by the soluble polyaryletherketone; the coating is of a porous structure. The polyether-ether-ketone composite film disclosed by the invention has excellent radiation cooling performance, solar heating performance and heat-conducting performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent household appliances, and particularly relates to a control method and device of a water heater, a medium and a program product. Under the condition that the water level of the water heater is higher than a preset water level threshold value, the environment temperature of the water heater is detected; according to a working mode judgment rule corresponding to the temperature interval, the working mode of the water heater is determined, and the working mode is a solar mode or a solar heating pump mode; according to the method, through the intelligent control strategy based on the water level and the environment temperature, the accuracy of the starting time of the heat pump water heater is improved, and the hot water supply stability and the energy utilization efficiency are effectively improved.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water heaters, and particularly relates to an intelligent energy-saving control device of an air source heat pump water heater, which comprises at least two groups of air source heat pumps, a solar water heating device, a constant-temperature water tank and a water mixing tank, a first circulating pipeline is arranged between the first group of air source heat pumps and the constant-temperature water tank through a second heat collection circulating pump, and the constant-temperature water tank is used for providing constant-temperature hot water outwards; a second circulating pipeline is arranged between the second group of air source heat pumps and the water mixing tank through the first heat collection circulating pump; a third circulating pipeline is arranged between the solar water heating device and the constant-temperature water tank and between the solar water heating device and the mixed water tank through a third heat collection circulating pump; at least two groups of water level control pipelines and a water supply pump are arranged between the constant-temperature water tank and the water mixing water tank, and the water supply pump is used for providing tap water for the constant-temperature water tank and the water mixing water tank; the energy-saving effect is achieved by reducing the working time of the air source heat pump unit and utilizing free solar energy for heating to the maximum extent.

The invention relates to the technical field of construction energy design, and particularly discloses a multi-objective optimization design method for a green building, which comprises the following steps of: in a plurality of historical acquisition periods, respectively acquiring the use peak periods of a ground source heat pump and a solar water heating device in each historical acquisition period, carrying out time period superposition comparison, determining a shared peak period, and carrying out time period optimization on the shared peak period; the designed temperature difference trigger serves as a basic switching strategy, state switching simulation testing is conducted on the ground source heat pump and the solar water heating device in each common peak period, the water temperature change type in each simulation testing stage is determined, the characteristics of water temperature fluctuation in different periods of time can be obtained, and the simulation testing efficiency is improved. Therefore, energy supply of the ground source heat pump and the solar water heating device is reasonably distributed, the requirement characteristics of different user groups for the water temperature in different time periods can be known, the water temperature fluctuation is controlled within a reasonable range, the water temperature fluctuation is reduced, the probability of system failures is reduced, and the stability of hot water supply is improved.

The invention discloses an absorption refrigeration system based on combined driving of solar energy and waste heat of a data center. The absorption refrigeration system comprises a multi-energy complementary heat collection circulation module and an absorption refrigeration circulation module. The multi-energy complementary heat collection circulation module comprises a solar heating unit, a liquid cooling cabinet and a plate heat exchanger. And the solar heating unit and the liquid cooling cabinet are respectively connected with the plate heat exchanger. And the absorption refrigeration cycle module is connected with the multi-energy complementary heat collection cycle module. The absorption type refrigeration cycle module comprises an absorption type refrigeration cycle generator, a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, an evaporator, a mixer, an absorber and a solution exchanger. And the absorption refrigeration cycle generator is connected with the plate heat exchanger and the gas-liquid separator. And the gas-liquid separator is connected with the condenser and the solution exchanger. And the condenser is connected with the evaporator. The mixer is connected with the solution exchanger, the evaporator and the absorber. And the absorber is connected with the absorption refrigeration cycle generator. Dependence on external energy can be reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved.

This disclosure relates to a thermal energy storage plant for storing thermal energy from an energy source, the storage plant comprising: a liquid reservoir for being coupled to an energy source and compris- ing a reservoir volume with a top side, said top side coinciding with a liquid level of a thermal energy storage liquid in the liquid reservoir, and a surface cover comprising an insulating material, such as extruded polystyrene or mineral wool, for retaining thermal energy stored in said liquid, said surface cover at least partly covering said top side, said surface cover being divided into at least a first and a second surface cover segment positioned adjacently to each other and each comprising a circumferential periphery, wherein the first surface cover segment further comprises a first tilting device, wherein the second surface cover segment similarly further comprises a second tilting device, wherein the storage plant further comprises a solar energy system for harnessing solar energy, the solar energy system comprising at least one photovoltaic cell and / or a flowing fluid configured to be heated by solar energy, the solar energy system being mounted on a mounting system installed on and / or in and / or at an exterior surface of the first surface cover segment and / or on and / or in and / or at an exterior surface of the second surface cover segment.

The invention relates to the technical field of data analysis, in particular to an alpine region solar central heating intelligent regulation and control system based on big data, which comprises an acquisition processing unit, an analysis control unit and a decision execution unit. A data storage module in the analysis control unit adopts a distributed architecture to store data, predicts a heating demand and a solar heat collection trend by applying a hybrid algorithm fusing a deep learning neural network and a physical model, generates a control instruction and transmits the control instruction to a heat source adjusting module, and the heat source adjusting module adopts an incremental conductance method to adjust solar heating. And the valve driving module adjusts the opening degree of the valve based on a PID algorithm, and the regulation and control precision and the energy utilization efficiency of the heating system are improved.

The invention relates to an emergency ecological pond pretreatment system for a constructed wetland, which comprises: a facultative anaerobic zone used for enabling a water body to enter a facultative anaerobic environment for denitrification reaction; the filler aeration area is connected with the facultative anaerobic area through a water inlet gate, and biodegradable organic pollutants in the water body are removed through the combined action of oxygenation and microorganisms; the settling zone is connected with the filler aeration zone and comprises a sludge treatment system; the water outlet area is communicated with the settling area and is used for lifting outlet water to each subsurface flow wetland treatment unit through a lifting pump; wherein a solar heating plate is arranged at the upper parts of the facultative area and the filler aeration area, so that a closed area is formed and is used for heating a water body. By adopting a form of combining with the constructed wetland, the problem that the quality of effluent of the constructed wetland is unstable is solved, meanwhile, the solar heating system is additionally arranged to heat a water body, the dependence of the water quality improvement effect of the constructed wetland on the temperature can be reduced, the occupied area is greatly reduced, and great market application prospects are achieved.

The application relates to the technical field of solar water heating systems, and particularly discloses an intelligent switching control system of a non-powered solar energy and auxiliary heat source, which comprises a heat storage system, a water storage system, a cold water supply system, a plurality of water use points and a central controller, solves the problems of low energy utilization rate, slow system response speed and poor user experience of the existing solar water heating system, introduces topology and matrix manifold theory into the system, the central controller collects multi-dimensional heat state data, constructs a heat state topological space, extracts topological features, constructs a heat state evaluation matrix, traces a matrix evolution track to generate a flow distribution vector field, realizes intelligent coordination start and stop among the heat storage system, the water storage system and the cold water supply system, the system automatically switches four operation modes of solar energy priority, auxiliary heat supplement, energy-saving heat storage and emergency water use, and the solar energy utilization rate is significantly improved.

A supercritical carbon dioxide cycle power generation system and method based on spectral modulation is described. The system consists of a solar heating section, a carbon dioxide storage section, a compression section, and a power generation section. The solar heating section includes a radiant heater and a field of mirrors; the carbon dioxide storage section includes an energy balancer (2); the compression section includes a drive motor, a compressor, a cooler, and a regenerator; and the power generation section includes a turbine and a generator. The present invention utilizes a spectral modulation coating to adjust the solar visible spectrum to the infrared band absorbable by carbon dioxide, and exploits the rapid temperature rise properties of solid particles absorbing solar energy. This allows the carbon dioxide to be rapidly heated to a high temperature through radiation-coupled convection before participating in the power generation cycle. A supercritical energy balancer is also provided to balance the intermittent nature of solar energy and to reuse abandoned electricity at night.

Disclosed herein is a green, smart technology paver system with an integrated drip irrigation cooling system for maximum energy efficiency and system longevity. Water from the drip irrigation system may be filtered and stored for use in garden irrigation and other household uses. The pavers comprise a wood laminate block with interchangeable durable caps affixed thereon. Various embodiments of the paver encompass smart functions such as sensors, solar cells, and LED lighting housed within the wood paver and / or durable cap. A plurality of wooden pavers set in a mounting base with a regular defined distance between each creates a paved area, such as a patio, sidewalk, parking surface, or the like, while allowing water to permeate the surface and potentially reducing unwanted solar heating.

The present invention describes a solar drying system for bulk materials comprising a transport device, a drive device, an air inlet and an air outlet, as well as a bulk material feed and a bulk material discharge, characterized in that the drying system has a substantially horizontal first tube and a substantially vertical second tube, wherein the first tube and the second tube are in an air-conducting connection, wherein material to be dried, in particular bulk material, and drying air are passed through the first tube and only air, in particular only drying air, is passed through the second tube, and wherein the drying air is heated by solar energy.

The utility model provides an auxiliary heating device of a solar energy storage and air energy control system, and mainly relates to the technical field of solar heat utilization. An auxiliary heating device of a solar energy storage and air energy control system comprises a heating water tank, a heat-conducting medium box body, an air energy heating device, a supporting frame, a solar heating device, an energy storage water tank and a control device, and the heating water tank, the heat-conducting medium box body, the air energy heating device and the solar heating device are fixedly installed on the supporting frame. A first heat exchange pipeline is arranged between the heating water tank and the solar heating device, the first heat exchange pipeline is further connected with a heat-conducting medium box body, and a heat-conducting agent circulates in the first heat exchange pipeline. By means of the modular design, solar energy and air energy can be comprehensively utilized, the heat energy transfer path and control logic are optimized, the efficient and energy-saving heating effect is achieved, the system is suitable for various scenes such as residences, commercial buildings and industrial places, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.

This invention discloses a solar-powered device and method for desalinizing saline-alkali soil, relating to the field of saline-alkali soil improvement. The device includes a solar power generation unit, a soil salt extraction unit, a soil extract cation and anion direct current separation unit, and a salt collection unit. The method involves: extracting saline from the saline-alkali soil with water, guiding the extract to the cation and anion direct current separation unit, where the anions and cations in the extract move towards their respective ends under the action of the anode and cathode electrodes. The high-concentration brine near the anode and cathode electrodes is then guided to a brine collection tank, while the liquid in the middle of the cation and anion direct current separation unit has a lower salt content and is recycled for further extraction of saline-alkali soil salt. The direct current power used in the device comes from solar photovoltaic panels, and the brine is heated and dried using solar energy.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of solar heat collectors, and discloses a solar heat collector which comprises a heat collection device used for supporting and collecting solar energy for heating and further comprises a transfer device installed on the top of the heat collection device and used for transferring downward-discharged hot water at a constant temperature. A water replenishing device used for storing cold water and sucking and replenishing water under negative pressure is mounted on the rear side of the transfer device; the transfer device comprises a hot water tank, a water outlet pipe is arranged on one side of the bottom of the hot water tank, a connecting frame is arranged on the hot water tank, and a transfer box is arranged on the connecting frame. According to the solar heat collector, due to the arrangement of constant-temperature transfer downward-discharge hot water, the downward-discharge hot water is transferred after the water temperature reaches the set temperature, and the finally output water temperature is kept constant; due to the arrangement of negative pressure suction and water replenishing, automatic water replenishing is achieved; and through the arrangement that water supplementing and transfer drainage are far away from each other, the water temperature reduction speed at the drainage position is slowed down, and the single-time transfer drainage amount is increased.

The present invention discloses an energy storage system and method for integrated absorption refrigeration using R134a as a circulating medium. The system includes an energy storage power generation module, an absorption refrigeration module, a solar heating module, an oil tank module, and a thermochemical energy storage module. The R134a vapor outlet of the reaction absorber is connected to the R134a storage tank. The R134a vapor discharged from the R134a storage tank flows to the energy storage power generation module and the absorption refrigeration module to provide cooling and electricity. Heating and cooling in the reaction absorber are achieved through heat exchange with hot and cold oil, which is provided by the solar heating module, the oil tank module, and the thermochemical energy storage module. Using R134a refrigerant as the circulating medium for the energy storage power generation module and the absorption refrigeration module increases energy storage density. Combining the absorption refrigeration device with the compressor unit and gas storage unit of the compressed air energy storage device to form a reaction absorber allows for miniaturization of the device. The multiple energy supply meets the uninterrupted cooling and power supply needs of small residential and commercial buildings.

The invention discloses a laser-constructed aluminum-based dual-mode heat regulator and application thereof. The aluminum-based dual-mode heat regulator comprises an aluminum base; one side of the aluminum base is provided with a passive radiation cooling layer, and the other side is provided with a solar heating layer; the passive radiation cooling layer comprises a laser constructed aluminum oxide layer and a hydrophobic-emission enhancement layer above the aluminum oxide layer; and the solar heating layer comprises a black aluminum layer constructed by laser and a hydrophobic layer arranged above the black aluminum layer. According to the invention, Al2O3 and black Al nanoparticles are directly assembled on an Al sheet as a dual-mode functional layer through laser surface direct writing (LSDW), and then a hydrophobic material is sprayed as a self-cleaning layer. The inherent high thermal conductivity of the Al sheet is beneficial to efficient heat exchange between the functional surface and the target building, and effective temperature adjustment is achieved. The passive radiation cooling function and the solar heating function are integrated in one device, and cooling and heating can be easily achieved according to seasonal changes.

The present invention discloses an expandable heat exchanger that contains a storage chamber / compartment (10) at the top and plurality of parallelly arranged heating tubes (9). The storage chamber (10) comprises two concentric tubes to separate the cold and hot fluid. The inner tube (8) provides passage to the cold air ingestion through the inlet port (13), into the tubular inner passage (11), the cold air directed into the heat observing tube (9). The hot (7) and cold (8) header chamber are in airtight connection with start unit (3), expandable unit (5) and exit unit (5) with the help of push fit bush assembly. The cold from all the units travels into the solar collector tube. Finally, the hot air from the collector tubes reaches back into the header compartment but in the outer shell (12), and then the hot air pumped out through the outlet port (14).

The utility model discloses an unmanned monitoring passive energy-saving constant-temperature room capable of being quickly assembled. The unmanned monitoring passive energy-saving constant-temperature room comprises a room body built in an assembly type building mode. The house main body is subjected to heat preservation or heat insulation treatment and is internally provided with an air conditioner for keeping indoor constant temperature; a heat exchange device of the air conditioner exchanges heat between air in a room of the house main body and stored water in a heat storage water tank arranged outside the house main body; the heat storage water tank is connected with the solar water heating device and the heat dissipation device through pipelines, stored water is heated through the solar water heating device, and the stored water is cooled through the heat dissipation device. And a pipeline of the solar water heating device for heating water in the heat storage water tank is controlled to be opened and closed by a temperature sensor arranged in the house main body chamber. The energy consumption for keeping the constant temperature of the building is greatly reduced, the cost of a power generation device and energy storage equipment can be effectively reduced, energy conservation and emission reduction in the operation process are further achieved, and the purposes of green energy conservation and carbon reduction in the whole process of the building are achieved.

The invention discloses a cattle farm playground water trough anti-freezing temperature control system based on solar energy storage, and relates to the technical field of livestock breeding equipment, the cattle farm playground water trough anti-freezing temperature control system comprises a solar power generation module, an energy storage management module, a temperature control execution module and an intelligent control module, the solar power generation module is electrically connected with the energy storage management module and the temperature control execution module, and the intelligent control module is electrically connected with the energy storage management module. The energy storage management module is electrically connected with the temperature control execution module and the intelligent control module, and the temperature control execution module is in signal connection with the intelligent control module. Compared with an existing solar heating device lacking a stable energy storage system, the cattle farm playground water trough anti-freezing temperature control system based on solar energy storage stores electric energy through a solar storage battery of the energy storage management module, and the solar energy storage management module stores the electric energy at night or in a scene with insufficient illumination such as cloudy and rainy days; a storage battery power supply mode can be switched through the intelligent control module, continuous operation of the temperature control execution module is guaranteed, freezing of the water trough due to power supply interruption is avoided, and normal water drinking of cattle in winter is guaranteed.