163 results about "Atmospheric layer" patented technology

The invention discloses a method and device for cleaning space debris. According to the method, electromagnetic force is applied to the space debris running on an original orbit; the speed and/or direction of the space debris are/is changed under the action of the electromagnetic force; the space debris of which the speed is changed is changed to run on a new orbit under the action of gravity; at least the height of the perigee of the space debris on the new orbit is smaller than the height of the perigee of the space debris on the original orbit; the space debris running on the new orbit finally falls into the atmosphere of the earth under the action of atmosphere resistance. The device comprises a satellite bearing platform which is provided with an electric field device cleaning the space debris or a magnetic field device cleaning the space debris or a combination of the electric field device and the magnetic field device. The method and device for cleaning the space debris do not have high requirements for the accuracy of position detection of the space debris, micro space debris can be effectively cleaned, solar energy can be fully utilized for power generation, and self-carried energy is saved. The device for cleaning the space debris has the advantages of being simple in structure, low in manufacturing cost, and better in pulse action effect.

Simple APCV, ADPCV and PICV's are provided. The APCV's are referenced to the atmosphere and control the gauge pressure, either upstream or downstream. The ADPCV's are the same as the APCV's, differing in that they are not referenced to the atmosphere. They are instead referenced to a second point in the fluid flow system and control the differential pressure. The PICV's are control valves connected in series with ADPCV's and control the fluid flow rate through the valve independently of variations in the line pressure. A preferred APCV has a valve body (1) with connections for a single-phase fluid line and a flow passage between the inlet (2) and the outlet (3) of said fluid line, with an opening having a defined seat office (7) intersecting the flow passage. A moveable assembly, comprising a disk (5) or cup is connected to a pressure sensing member (4), having essentially the same effective surface area. The moveable assembly, is biased by a force, and is free to automatically move to any intermediate position between fully open and closed, producing a desired outlet pressure which minus the reference pressure, times the effective surface area of the disk or cup generates an opposing force equal to the biasing force.

The invention relates to a tomography method of using the limb sounding data for inverting atmospheric ozone profiles. The method comprises the following steps: respectively calculating the intersections between the gaze vector and the atmospheric grid radial and vertical boundary and atmospheric layer horizontal boundary, merging two types of intersections, then calculating the distance between adjacent intersections to obtain intercept; applying the tomography method in a correlate equation about volume emissivity and radiance, using the square iterative reconstruction technology to obtain the inverse iteration model of the volume emissivity, calculating the volume emissivity; and finally using an oxozone photochemical model to connect the volume emissivity with the ozone number density, and selecting the Newton iteration method to invert the ozone profiles.

The invention relates to solder paste for welding electronic devices, in particular to low-rosin halogen and lead-free solder paste and a preparation method of the low-rosin halogen and lead-free solder paste. The low-rosin halogen and lead-free solder paste is composed of solder powder and an soldering flux, wherein the weight percentage of the solder powder is 88-90 percent; the weight percentage of the soldering flux is 10-12 percent; and the solder powder consists of the following components by weight percent: 95.3-97% of Sn, 2-2.5% of Ag, 0.5-1.5% of Zn and 0.5-0.7% of Cu. The solder paste does not contain lead or halogen, is beneficial for environmental protection, and can not damage the atmospheric layer, the heavy pollution to the environment is greatly reduced, the residual solder waste after welding is little, the solder paste is colourless and transparent, has stable performance under normal temperature, can not absorb moisture, does not contain halogen, has no corrosion after welding, is particularly suitable for the no-clean operation, and better conforms with the environmental protection requirements.

The invention relates to an SST inversion method and system based on Landsat 8 data. The method comprises that Landsat 8 optical and thermal-infrared remote sensing images and corresponding atmospheric contour data are read; on the basis of water-body and seawater emissivity data and a spectral response function of a Landsat 8 TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor), the atmospheric contour is used for driving, and channel brightness temperatures in the aerosphere top of two channels of the TIRS under different combined conditions of atmospheric conditions, SSTs and emissivities are simulated; and the obtained total atmospheric column water vapor content is used to divide the atmospheric column water vapor content into intervals, a split-window algorithm is used to construct SST inversion algorithms of the different water vapor content intervals, the SST is calculated, and a result is output. The system comprises a remote-sensing image reading module, an atmospheric water vapor data reading data, a data processing module and an SST inversion module. The system and method can be used to obtain high-precision SST.

The present invention is related to a method for detecting and/or measuring atmospheric accretion on a suspended electrical cable span (2) of overhead power lines, said suspended electrical cable span (2) having a sag (D) and a local tension (H), and being submitted to wind pressure (w_wind), comprising the steps of independently:

• • measuring said sag (D), and optionally measuring the wind pressure (w_wind), over a first time range,
  • measuring the local tension (H) over a second time range,

the results of both steps being complemented and/or combined, so that to allow atmospheric accretion detection and/or measurement.

The invention provides a ground-based multi-channel microwave radiation meter based on meteorological detection, comprising a motor, a calibration unit, a power supply unit, antenna and feeding units, receiver units, and a data acquisition and system control unit. The antenna and feeding units are used for receiving microwave radiation signals from the atmosphere and a calibration object, and adopt a dual-frequency independent reflecting surface. The receiver units are used for sequentially performing down conversion, amplification, filtering, detection, integration and low-frequency amplification on the microwave radiation signals received by the antenna and feeding units to generate detection data, and the receiver units adopt receivers of a super-heterodyne local oscillator frequency-hopping system. With the microwave radiation meter, a vertical profile from the earth surface to a 10-km-high atmospheric layer can be measured, high-resolution temperature, relative humidity and water vapor profiles can be provided, and uninterrupted observation can be realized to provide whole-process data of weather process evolution.

The invention discloses a GNSS receiver and an intermediate frequency data processing method thereof, and belongs to the technical filed of receivers for a GNSS. The GNSS receiver comprises five parts, namely, an intermediate frequency data compression part, an intermediate frequency data storage part, an intermediate frequency data reading part, an intermediate frequency data uncompression part and an intermediate frequency data processing part. A GNSS radio signal is required to be transmitted through the atmospheric layer, the strength of the signal reaching the ground is very weak; the GNSS receiver needs to process intermediate frequency data which are long enough, so that a satellite signal can be searched; and a method combing GNSS intermediate frequency data storage and parallel signal processing is adopted, so that the time for searching the satellite signal can be greatly reduced. However, intermediate frequency data can occupy lager storage circuits, and thus the application of the method in actual practice is restricted. According to the GNSS receiver and the intermediate frequency data processing method, the intermediate frequency data are compressed and uncompressed, so that the storage size of the intermediate frequency data can be decreased, and the cost and the energy consumption of the whole GNSS receiver are reduced.

The diffraction of electromagnetic radiation from periodic grating profiles is determined using rigorous coupled-wave analysis, with intermediate calculations cached to reduce computation time. To implement the calculation, the periodic grating is divided into layers, cross-sections of the ridges of the grating are discretized into rectangular sections, and the permittivity, electric fields and magnetic fields are written as harmonic expansions along the direction of periodicity of the grating. Application of Maxwell's equations to each intermediate layer, i.e., each layer except the atmospheric layer and the substrate layer, provides a matrix wave equation with a wave-vector matrix A coupling the harmonic amplitudes of the electric field to their partial second derivatives in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the grating, where the wave-vector matrix A is a function of intra-layer parameters and incident-radiation parameters. W is the eigenvector matrix obtained from wave-vector matrix A, and Q is a diagonal matrix of square roots of the eigenvalues of the wave-vector matrix A. The requirement of continuity of the fields at boundaries between layers provides a matrix equation in terms of Wand Q for each layer boundary, and the solution of the series of matrix equations provides the diffraction reflectivity. Look-up of W and Q, which are precalculated and cached for a useful range of intra-layer parameters (i.e., permittivity harmonics, periodicity lengths, ridge widths, ridge offsets) and incident-radiation parameters (i.e., wavelengths and angles of incidence), provides a substantial reduction in computation time for calculating the diffraction reflectivity.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method and device for optimizing numerical weather forecast through assimilated inversion of water vapor content. The method comprises: calculating the layered water vapor content of each atmospheric layer through inversion according to the radiance received by an observation satellite and generated by ground radiation, optimizing the initial field of the numerical weather forecast mode according to the calculated layered water vapor content of each atmospheric layer to obtain an optimized initial field, and carrying out new weather forecast throughthe optimized initial field. The optimized initial field considers the influence of water vapor in the atmosphere on the field, so that the weather forecast of the optimized initial field can reflectthe real weather condition more accurately compared with the weather forecast based on the original initial field. According to the method, the optimization of the initial field by combining satelliteobservation data is realized, and the weather forecast closer to the real condition can be obtained through the optimized target initial field.

The invention discloses a satellite integrity monitoring method and system based on mutual deviation. The method includes the steps of resolving the satellite position, clock correction and the geometrical distance between a satellite and a receiver, calculating atmospheric layer retardation and hardware channel retardation, calculating the pseudo-range deviation value, constructing the mutual deviation datum quantity, establishing the detection quantity and judging the integrity of the satellite. By means of the satellite integrity monitoring method and system based on mutual deviation, breakdown satellites can be accurately detected in time, the positioning result of a user is kept within the range of four to eight meters all the time, the positioning error of the user is effectively lowered, and the positioning accuracy of the user is guaranteed.

A motorcycle helmet having an oxygen conversion unit, which converts polluted air to breathable oxygen and other harmless compounds, while riding through the polluted atmosphere.

The invention discloses a new sky landing method as well as sky landing equipment, namely a sky landing safe chair. Sky landing comprises landing on a star, the moon or the earth. The sky landing method comprises the following steps: gas is produced by igniting in the landing process, a gas protective layer is inflated, friction force is generated between the gas protective layer carrying a landing person and the atmospheric layer when landing under the inflated state, the landing is at a low speed, the gas protective layer is separated between the landing person and the earth, the moon or the star when the landing person lands on the surface of the earth, the moon or the star, that is the landing person lands on the gas protective layer, and the landing person is protected in an omnibearing manner, when ignition is conducted on the water surface or underwater, the gas protective layer carries the landing person to float on the water surface or float out the water surface. The sky landing safe chair has the characteristics that the gas protective layer is lapped to be annular like a swim ring to be encircled on the purpose-made chair; an electrical appliance controls the ignition in landing, so that the gas protective layer is inflated, and the landing person is wrapped to the core to fall instantaneously. The equipment is safe, quick, universal and all-weather, safely falls at all heights greater than 1 second altitude difference from the ground, and can save the person's life in 1 second.

The invention discloses a movable in-situ sensing and measuring device for a near-surface atmospheric composition. The device comprises an air suspension device which is taken as a moving tool for an instrument in an atmospheric layer, wherein a safety rope for ensuring safety and positioning is tied on the air suspension device; a geographical space positioning module, a microprocessor, a communication module, a gas measuring module and a gas concentration sensor are arranged on the air suspension device; the geographical space positioning module is used for receiving a signal of a global positioning system according to a data acquisition command of the microprocessor, and determining the geographical space position of the air suspension device; and the gas concentration sensor is used for detecting the concentration of a tested gas composition in the atmospheric layer, sending a command according to data of the microprocessor, and transmitting the gas concentration signal and the geographical space position to a ground monitoring center in a wireless mode. The movable in-situ sensing and measuring device for the near-surface atmospheric composition provided by the invention has rich measuring parameters, higher measuring accuracy and low cost.

The invention discloses a surface solar radiation calculation method based on deep learning which solves the problems that an existing method is long in calculation time and poor in universality and cannot be applied to cloud conditions. The method comprises the following steps of constructing an earth surface solar short wave radiation data set based on an atmospheric radiation transmission model; taking the surface solar short-wave radiation data set as a training sample; training through the neural networks to obtain a deep learning model, wherein the solar zenith angle, the aerosol opticalthickness, the atmospheric water vapor content, the cloud phase state, the cloud optical thickness, the cloud particle effective radius and the surface albedo are used as the neural network input layers, and the surface albedo, the surface downlink total solar radiation, the surface downlink direct solar radiation, the surface downlink diffused solar radiation and the atmospheric layer top upwardradiation are used as the neural network output layers. According to the method, the comprehensive, rapid and accurate calculation of the surface solar radiation is realized.

The invention discloses a water color satellite atmospheric layer top radiation product quality evaluation and cross calibration method. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a multi-source satellite quasi-synchronization effective pixel selection constraint condition; finding that radiation signal abnormity caused by the natural process has high interstellar correlation; designing a multi-source satellite radiation product error analytical equation; combining a dynamic cross radiation calibration mechanism; and determining the influence of the radiation product quality on the water color product. According to the scheme, constraint conditions of quasi-synchronous observation are specified for the first time, an analytic equation of multi-source satellite radiation product errors is determined, dynamic evaluation and cross calibration of the water radiation product quality are achieved, the defect that a traditional method is seriously influenced by abnormal signals caused by the natural process is overcome, and the water radiation product quality and the automatic service level are improved; and moreover, the method is easy to implement, can be used for dynamically monitoring and improving the quality of water radiation products, and has wider practical application value and economic value.

A method for producing a deep trench in a substrate includes a series of elementary etch cycles each etching a portion of the trench. Each elementary cycle includes deposition of a passivation layer on the sidewalls and the bottom of the trench portion etched during previous cycles; followed by pulsed plasma anisotropic ion etching of the trench portion etched during previous cycles, the etching; being implemented in an atmosphere comprising a passivating species; and including a first etch sequence followed by a second etch sequence of less power than the power of the first etch sequence. The first etch sequence etches the passivation layer deposited in the bottom of the portion so as to access the substrate and etches the free substrate at the bottom of the portion while leaving a passivation layer on sidewalls of the portion.

The invention provides an air suction type solar heat micro thruster. The air suction type solar heat micro thruster mainly comprises a main body, an air intake channel, a diffuser pipe, a light collecting system, a heat exchange structure and a spraying pipe. The air suction type solar heat micro thruster has the advantages that the air suction type solar heat micro thruster can be applied to an ultra-low orbit satellite in an atmospheric layer which is 120-300km away from ground, air entering the micro thrust is heated by collected solar energy to obtain high-temperature air, the high-temperature air is sprayed out by the spraying pipe to produce about 0.02-2N thrust, and the thrust is very suitable for the attitude adjusting and drag compensation of the satellite; because a working medium of the micro thruster is mainly thin air, and the solar energy is used for heating, an aircraft only carries a small amount of propellant, thus the weight of the thruster is reduced, the maneuverability of an orbit is improved, the effective load of the aircraft is increased, and the on-orbit time of the aircraft is prolonged; by supplementing the propellant, the thrust produced by a thrusting system is increased, and the space application range of the aircraft is expanded.

The invention provides a device and a method for measuring the atmospheric transmissivity by an optical radiation measurement instrument. The device comprises a total diffuse reflection element, a shading element, the optical radiation measurement instrument and a computing element, wherein the total diffuse reflection element is used for carrying out diffuse reflection on sun light according to the preset angle so as to enable the sun light to be reflected into the optical radiation measurement instrument; the shading element is capable of keeping out the sun light irradiating the total diffuse reflection element when being arranged at a preset position; the optical radiation measurement instrument is used for measuring the total diffuse reflection element to acquire first response data containing total diffuse reflection sun light, and second response data which does not contain the total diffuse reflection sun light; the computing element is used for calculating the response difference between the first response data and the second response data; the whole layer atmospheric transmissivity at the response spectrum section of the optical radiation measurement instrument on the current measurement path can be obtained according to the response difference and the response data known in advance of the total diffuse reflection sun light positioned outside the atmospheric layer. The device and the method aim at accurately obtaining the whole layer atmospheric transmissivity at the response spectrum section of the optical radiation measurement instrument on the measurement path formed by the sun and the measuring device.

The invention provides an equipment positioning method and device, electronic equipment and a computer readable medium, relates to the technical field of positioning, and can be applied to scenes including but not limited to maps, navigation, automatic driving, smart traffic and the like. The method comprises the following steps: determining a target double-difference atmospheric delay and a double-difference residual error of each second satellite relative to each main baseline of a first satellite according to observed quantities of m-1 second satellites relative to a main reference station of the first satellite; according to the target double-difference atmospheric layer delay and the double-difference residual error of each second satellite relative to each main baseline of the first satellite, determining an atmospheric layer position gradient value and an atmospheric layer second-order influence parameter between the target area reference station network and the m common-view satellites; and generating observation data of the virtual reference station according to the atmosphere position gradient value and the atmosphere second-order influence parameter. According to the equipment positioning method and device, the electronic equipment and the computer readable medium provided by the invention, the precision of the observation data of the virtual reference station can be improved, and high-precision positioning of the equipment is realized.

The invention discloses a saucer type aircraft. The saucer type aircraft can convert rich cosmic energy into electric energy for drive and indirectly convert the electric energy into mechanical inertia kinetic energy for storage, also can carry other generating equipment to serve as the source of auxiliary energy, and can rapidly accomplish flight in various tracks by rotating around the axis of the aircraft, positioning, speeding up, suspending and braking; and due to a saucer-shaped design and the capability of rotating at a high speed, the saucer type aircraft better accords with fluid kinetics, can fly in the atmospheric layer, roam in the outer space, sail on the water or sneak under the water, and has higher performance. The saucer type aircraft mainly comprises a special flying saucer outer cover, a magnetic suspension torus, the center shaft of the flying saucer, a transparent vacuum cover, a flying saucer seat cabin, an air compressor, a universal force applicator and the like. The supreme idea of a kind of traditional Chinese shadow boxing (namely counteracting force by using the force and fusing into peripheral environment, matters and the like) is borrowed and principles such as gyroscopic motion rules, magnetic suspension and the like are used by the saucer type aircraft.

The invention discloses a multi-parameter temperature-controlled absorption cell device capable of simulating the vertical atmospheric environment. The absorption cell device is characterized by comprising a parameter-controllable, single-optical path, single-pass and low-temperature absorption cell, a parameter-controllable, single-optical path, single-pass and moderate-temperature absorption cell and a parameter-controllable, single-optical path, single-pass and ordinary-temperature absorption cell which are connected in series, wherein the low-temperature and the moderate-temperature absorption cell are connected with each other through a first optical path means; the moderate-temperature and the ordinary temperature absorption cell are connected with each other through a second optical path means; through adjusting the temperature of the single absorption cell and the gas volume mixing ratio thereof, the parameters, such as temperature gradient and pressure gradient, of the vertical atmospheric layer can be simulated in a laboratory. The absorption cell device can be used for measuring and analyzing parameters of atmosphere molecule absorption spectrum in direct combination with an absorption spectrum technology, based on which the vertical atmosphere transmittivity can be obtained, and discipline of atmosphere molecule absorption spectrum can be generalized; as the indoor environment is more stable, the device has the advantages of high precision, good stability and the like, and has important meaning for research of atmospheric optics.