The invention discloses a ground terahertz radar system for detecting a cloud. The system comprises a terahertz transmitting module, a terahertz receiving module, a terahertz transmitting-and-receiving antenna module, a terahertz signal processing module and an upper computer module; the center frequency of a terahertz signal transmitted by the terahertz transmitting module is 220 GHz, the work bandwidth is 5 GHz, the transmitting power is 200 mW, the pulse width is adjustable ranging from 100ns to 3mus and the adjusted step length is 100ns, and the pulse repletion frequency is adjustable ranging from 1KHz to 10KHz and the adjusted step length is 1KHz. Compared with a laser radar and a millimeter wave radar, the ground terahertz radar system for detecting the cloud utilizes a set of parameters applicable to the cloud detection and is capable of penetrating into a thin cloud and an extremely thin cloud to carry out the three-dimensional structure detection for the cloud, and therefore not only a macrostructure such as the cloud thickness, the cloud height, the number of cloud layers, the vertical section variance of the cloud can be obtained, but also a microstructure such as the size, the shape, and the ice water content of a cloud particle can be obtained.