The invention discloses a wire abandoning and pole protecting device for a transmission and distribution line. The wire abandoning and pole protecting device comprises a long-strip-shaped metal shell, a first wire installation channel is arranged on one side of the metal shell, a notch is formed in the middle of the metal shell, the notch divides the first wire installation channel into a first wire channel and a second wire channel, a first wire can be embedded in the first wire channel, a second wire can be embedded in the second wire channel, the first wire channel and the second wire channel achieve mechanical clamping on the corresponding wires, and the first wire and the second wire are not fixedly connected and are in electric connection through the metal shell. During normal operation, the wire abandoning and pole protecting device for the transmission and distribution line should not glide relative to the wires, and mechanical performance and electrical performance of an original line are not influenced at all. When applied force of external force on a distribution network line exceeds a set action value, the first wire and the second wire can be completed released, the applied force of the wires to the pole is released, and it is ensured that the external force is not continuously exerted on the pole any more.