1767results about How to "Reduce temperature difference" patented technology

The invention describes a heating system (100) and a corresponding method of heating a heating surface (180) of an object (150, 950) to a processing temperature of at least 100° C., wherein the heating system (100) comprises semiconductor light sources (115), and wherein the heating system (100) is adapted to heat an area element of the heating surface (180) with at least 50 semiconductor light sources (115) at the same time. The heating system (100) may be part of a reactor for processing semiconductor structures. The light emitted by means of the semiconductor light sources (115) overlaps at the heating surface (180). Differences of the characteristic of one single semiconductor light source (115) may be blurred at the heating surface (180) such that a homogeneous temperature distribution across a processing surface of a, for example, wafer may be enabled.

A method of optimizing lifetime of an OLED display element and an OLED display element with optimized lifetime for possible use in a tiled display, while maintaining light output are described. It compensates an OLED operating parameter such as supply voltage and / or on-time of the operating current based on at least one environmental factor which affects aging and on at least one operating factor which is indicative of aging, e.g. by determining the brightness of an OLED display element. To optimize the light output, pre-charge of the aged OLED display elements can be optimized. The knowledge of the working temperature of OLED tiles may be used to regulate the cooling and thus the working temperature, thus improving the lifetime of the display. Furthermore the intensity and contrast of the display illumination may be set within predefined limits to reduce the aging.

The substrate processing apparatus according to the present invention is aimed to stably and efficiently perform a deposition process on a substrate W. The substrate processing apparatus supports the substrate W in a position facing a heater portion and thus rotates a holding member holding the substrate W. Furthermore, the heating portion houses a SiC heater and a heat reflecting member in an internal portion of a quartz bell jar made of transparent quartz, and depressurizes an internal space of a processing vessel and an internal space of the quartz bell jar at the same time; thereby allowing the thickness of the quartz bell jar to be thinner, and thus improving thermal conductivity of heat from the SiC heater and preventing contamination by the SiC heater.

A method of optimizing lifetime of an OLED display element and an OLED display element with optimized lifetime for possible use in a tiled display, while maintaining light output are described. It compensates an OLED operating parameter such as supply voltage and / or on-time of the operating current based on at least one environmental factor which affects aging and on at least one operating factor which is indicative of aging, e.g. by determining the brightness of an OLED display element. To optimize the light output, pre-charge of the aged OLED display elements can be optimized. The knowledge of the working temperature of OLED tiles may be used to regulate the cooling and thus the working temperature, thus improving the lifetime of the display. Furthermore the intensity and contrast of the display illumination may be set within predefined limits to reduce the aging.

This invention relates to a front electrode / contact for use in an electronic device such as a photovoltaic device. In certain example embodiments, the front electrode of a photovoltaic device or the like includes a multilayer coating including at least one transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer (e.g., of or including a material such as tin oxide, ITO, zinc oxide, or the like) and / or at least one conductive substantially metallic IR reflecting layer (e.g., based on silver, gold, or the like). In certain example instances, the multilayer front electrode coating may include one or more conductive metal(s) oxide layer(s) and / or one or more conductive substantially metallic IR reflecting layer(s) in order to provide for reduced visible light reflection, increased conductivity, cheaper manufacturability, and / or increased infrared (IR) reflection capability.

The present invention provides devices and methods for treating tissue. In one embodiment the present invention provides a method of controlling a temperature of an applicator body, the method comprising providing an applicator body that comprises at least one contact surface A coolant is delivered through at least a portion of the applicator body at a substantially constant rate. Energy is delivered to the coolant through a heating element so that the contact surface of the applicator body is cooled to a desired temperature.

A radio-frequency thermal balloon catheter includes a catheter tube including an outer tube and an inner tube, a balloon connected to an end part of the outer tube and an end part of the inner tube, and capable of coming into contact with a target diseased part when inflated, a radio-frequency electrode placed in the wall of the balloon or inside the balloon to transmit radio-frequency current, a lead wire electrically connected to the radio-frequency electrode, a temperature sensor capable of measuring temperature inside the balloon, and a swirling current producing means for making a fluid contained in the balloon swirl in a vertical plane in the balloon so as to reduce an upper-lower temperature difference between an upper part and a lower part of the interior of the balloon due to convection of the fluid to naught.

An intelligent multi-loop thermal management system for and electric vehicle has components including a battery pack, an electric-drive module, an on-board charger a DC / DC converter, a battery radiator, a battery refrigerator, a motor radiator, an electric water pump, an electric oil pump, an expansion tank, a PTC heater, a heat exchanger, an electric compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a receiver drier, and a heater core. The system also includes an electric-drive module having a drive motor and a motor control unit. The components are thermally connected to each other by using a pipeline and a four-way valve, a three-way valve, a straight-through valve, and an electronic expansion valve that are disposed in the pipeline, to form a plurality of loops that separately performs thermal management and control the battery pack, the electric-drive module, and a passenger compartment air conditioner.

A system for conditioning air flow to a gas turbine includes a filter housing and a conditioning media inside the filter housing to adjust the temperature of the air flowing through the filter housing. At least one of a depth or a density of the conditioning media varies across the filter housing. A method for conditioning air flow to a gas turbine includes flowing air through a filter housing connected to the gas turbine and flowing the air across a conditioning media in the filter housing. The method further includes conditioning the air flow to reduce the temperature difference of the air exiting the filter housing across a dimension of the filter housing.

A gas supply apparatus including: a tank unit that includes a tank storing a gas and a discharge mechanism discharging the stored gas to the outside of the tank at a reduced pressure of the stored gas; a temperature detector that detects a temperature of the tank; and a supply regulator that regulates supply of the gas from the tank according to the detected tank temperature.

In the rapid prototyping method of selective laser sintering, temperature gradients occur inside and between individual layers, leading to component deformation which is intolerable at least for high-quality components. The air of the invention is to provide a method for selective laser sintering, whereby the temperature inside the built-up particle cake is as homogeneous as possible. To this end, particles containing at least one material having a maximum softening temperature of approximately 70° C. are used.

Disclosed is an integrated graphene film-enhanced display device, comprising: (a) a display device which comprises one or multiple heat sources and a back surface where a localized area is at a higher temperature than an adjacent area; and (b) a heat spreader which comprises at least one sheet of integrated graphene film having two major surfaces, wherein one of the major surfaces of the heat spreader is in thermal contact with one or multiple heat sources and further wherein the heat spreader itself reduces the temperature difference between locations on the display device. The integrated graphene film, either a graphene film obtained from a graphene oxide gel or a graphene composite film formed of graphene oxide gel-bonded nano graphene platelets (NGPs), exhibits highest thermal conductivity and highest effectiveness in reducing hot spots in various kinds of display devices.

A method of fabricating glass sheets (13) is provided in which the sheets are cut from a glass ribbon (15) composed of a glass having a glass transition temperature range (GTTR). The ribbon (15) is formed by a drawing process in which edge rollers (27a,27b) contact the glass ribbon (15) at a location along the length of the ribbon where the temperature along the center line (17) of the ribbon (15) is above the GTTR. The edge rollers (27a,27b) locally cool the ribbon (15), and the cooling produces a sine wave type buckling (S-warp) along the edges of the glass sheets (13). The S-warp is reduced or eliminated by heating the bead portions (21a, 21b) of the ribbon (15) and / or portions of the ribbon (the S-warp portions 25a and 25b) which are located next to the bead portions (21a, 21b) and / or by cooling the center portion of the ribbon (15) at least one location along the length of the ribbon (15) where the temperature at the ribbon's center line (17) is within the GTTR.

A battery system includes: a battery block defining a cooling gap between battery cells composed of a plurality of rectangular / prismatic cells; and a gas blower forcibly blowing the gas through the gap in the block. The block, set in two separate arrays, is provided therebetween with an intermediate duct connected to each of the gaps. An outer duct is provided outside the block set in two separate arrays, and the plurality of gaps are parallel-connected between the outer duct and the intermediate duct. The gas blower forcibly blows the gas from the intermediate duct to the outer duct, and the gas forcibly blown is branched from the intermediate duct to be blown through each of the gaps to cool the cells. The gas having passed through the gaps and cooled the cells is collected at and exhausted from the outer duct.

An improved method and apparatus for indirect evaporative cooling of a fluid stream to substantially its dew point temperature. Plate heat exchanger has perforations 11 and channels 3, 4 and 5 for gas or a low temperature for liquids on a dry side and wet side. Fluid streams 1 flow across the dry side 9, transferring heat to the plate. Gas stream 2 flows across the dry side and through perforations to channels 5 on wet side 10, which it then cools by evaporative cooling as well as conductive and radiative transfer of heat from plate. A wicking material provides wetting of wet side. In other embodiments, a desiccant wheel may be used to dehumidify the gas, air streams may be recirculated, feeder wicks 13 and a pump may be used to bring water from a water reservoir, and fans may be used to either force or induce a draft. The wicking material may be cellulose, organic fibers, organic based fibers, polyester, polypropylene, carbon-based fibers, silicon based fibers, fiberglass, or combinations of them. The device may be operated in winter months to scavenge heat from exhaust gases of a space and thus pre-heat fresh air, while simultaneously humidifying the fresh air.

The invention provides an air conditioner control method and device for preventing condensation water dripping and an air conditioner. The air conditioner control method for preventing condensation water dripping comprises the following steps: measuring first indoor humidity after detecting that a current running mode of the air conditioner is a refrigeration mode or a dehumidifying mode; measuring second indoor humidity after the air conditioner runs for a first preset time in the current running mode; calculating humidity difference between the first humidity and the second humidity; and judging whether the current running mode of the air conditioner is changed or not according to the humidity difference and the second humidity. Whether the risk of condensation exists or not when the air conditioner continues running can be known according to the humidity difference and the second humidity, therefore, whether the current running mode of the air conditioner is changed or not can be judged, and the purpose of preventing condensation is achieved by changing the current running mode of the air conditioner.

A liquid crystal display device includes a sealed housing part, a liquid crystal display part disposed at the front face of the housing part, a light source part housed in the housing part to generate the light to be displayed on the liquid crystal display part, an electric power supply part housed in the housing part to perform electric power supply, a control part housed in the housing part to perform control, and a heat exchange part disposed at the rear face of the housing part to cool the heat generated in the housing part. The heat exchange part includes an air stirring part for stirring the air in the housing part, a forced air cooling part covered with a duct in which the air stirring part is installed and constructed from a plate extending into the housing part, and a natural air cooling part constructed from a plate extending to the outside of the housing part. The forced air cooling part and the natural air cooling part are integrated with a rear face plate of the housing part.

Provided are a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus and a substrate processing method that can reduce a temperature difference along the circumference of a substrate and continue substrate processing even when a temperature sensor becomes defective. The semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes a reaction tube configured to process a wafer, a heater configured to heat the reaction tube, an exhaust pipe, a control unit configured to control a cooling gas exhaust device, the heater, and a pressure sensor that detects a pressure inside the exhaust pipe when cooling gas flows through the exhaust pipe. The control unit previously acquires an average value of second temperature detecting units that detect states of a peripheral part of a wafer, and a measure value of a first temperature detecting unit that detects a state of a center part of the wafer so as to control the heat and the cooling device based on the acquired values.

The battery system comprises battery blocks 3 having a plurality of stacked battery cells 1, ventilating ducts that are supply ducts and exhaust ducts 7 disposed on each side of the battery blocks 3, and ventilating apparatus 9. Cooling gas is forced to flow from the supply ducts through cooling gaps 4 and into the exhaust ducts 7 to cool the battery cells 1. The battery system has temperature equalizing plates 15 disposed on the supply duct sides of the battery blocks 3. These temperature equalizing plates 15 are provided with mass-flow regulating openings 16 extending in the battery cell 1 stacking direction. The area exposed by the mass-flow regulating openings 16 varies with position in the battery cell 1 stacking direction, and supply duct cooling gas passes through the mass-flow regulating openings 16 into each cooling gap 4 to equalize the temperature of all the battery cells 1.

A radio-frequency thermal balloon catheter is capable of reducing an upper-lower temperature difference in a balloon due to convection to naught and of uniformly heating tissues in contact with the balloon at an optimum temperature to achieve the safe thermal treatment of a lesion. The radio-frequency thermal balloon catheter includes a catheter tube (3) including an outer tube (1) and an inner tube (2), a balloon (4) connected to an end part of the outer tube and an end part of the inner tube, and capable of coming into contact with a target diseased part (41) when inflated, a radio-frequency electrode (6) placed in the wall of the balloon or inside the balloon to transmit radio-frequency current, a lead wire (7) electrically connected to the radio-frequency electrode, a temperature sensor (8) capable of measuring temperature inside the balloon, and a swirling current producing means (12, 16, 20) for making a fluid contained in the balloon swirl in a vertical plane in the balloon so as to reduce an upper-lower temperature difference between an upper part and a lower part of the interior of the balloon due to convection of the fluid to naught.

A method for cooling a battery is disclosed, in which a power supply unit includes a plurality of batteries disposed up and down (in a multi-tier manner) within a case, a fan for cooling the batteries by forcibly blowing cooling air from top to bottom within the case, a temperature sensor for detecting temperatures of the batteries, and a control circuit for controlling operation of the fan by means of a signal fed out of the temperature sensor. In the battery cooling method, when a battery temperature difference between the upper battery and the lower battery reaches above a set value as detected by the temperature sensor while the fan is in operation, the control circuit stops operation of the fan to cool the batteries through natural heat radiation.

A sputter target assembly particularly useful for a large panel plasma sputter reactor having a target assembly sealed both to the main processing chamber and a vacuum pumped chamber housing a moving magnetron. The target assembly to which target tiles are bonded includes an integral plate with parallel cooling holes drilled parallel to the principal faces. The ends of the holes may be sealed and vertically extending slots arranged in two staggered groups on each side and machined down to respective pairs of cooling holes on opposite sides of the backing plate in pairs. Four manifolds tubes are sealed to the four groups of slots and provide counter-flowing coolant paths.

An intelligent multiple-loop electric vehicle cooling system includes a battery pack, an electric drive module, a battery radiator, an electric drive module radiator, electric pumps, pass-through valves, three-way valves, a PTC heater, a heat exchanger. The cooling system is provided with two electric pumps, two pass-through valves, and three three-way valves that are connected through pipelines to form multiple loops. Compared with the prior art, by means of the present invention, multiple three-way valves and pass-through valves are disposed, to connect pipelines to form loops meeting different cooling or heating requirements. These loops are selectively opened or closed according to features and working states of a battery pack and an electric drive module of an electric vehicle, to ensure temperature balance of the electric vehicle and efficient operation of the electric vehicle.

The invention belongs to a metal-base film thermocouple and a preparation method thereof. The thermocouple comprises a metal substrate to be tested and a NiCrAlY alloy transitional layer arranged on the top face of the metal substrate, wherein a metal aluminum layer, an AlN layer, an AlN ceramic insulation layer, a thermocouple film electrode assembly and an aluminum oxide protective layer are formed on the transitional layer in turn. The production method comprises: processing the metal substrate to be tested; preparing a composite substrate with the NiCrAlY alloy transitional layer; precipitating metal aluminum; nitriding the aluminum; sputtering and depositing the AlN insulation layer; and setting the film thermocouple group and covering the aluminum oxide protective layer. In the invention, the AlN ceramic material with high coefficient of heat conductivity and high insulating performance is used as the insulation layer, so the temperature difference between the metal substrate and the surface of the insulation layer and the thickness of the insulation layer are reduced considerably; and thus, the metal-base film thermocouple has the characteristics of effectively reducing measurement error, improving the consistency between the temperature measured by the thermocouple and the actual temperature of the metal substrate to be tested, improving reliability, providing accurate and reliable basis for the design of turbine engines, and the like.

A heat spreader for an emissive display device, such as a plasma display panel or a light emitting diode, comprising at least one sheet of compressed particles of exfoliated graphite having a surface area greater than the surface area of that part of a discharge cell facing the back surface of the device.

A combination static mixer and heat exchanger having heat exchanger tubes (1) which are provided over their circumference with fins (2a, 2b) which have a static mixing effect.

Disclosed herein is a cooling system for a battery pack that is usable as a power source of electric vehicles and hybrid-electric vehicles. The cooling system has the effect of effectively dissipating heat generated from battery cells by supplying a refrigerant to the battery cells at a constant flow rate, and of minimizing a temperature difference between the battery cells during a cooling process. This prevents degradation in the performance of the battery cells, and achieves optimal temperature control. Also, the cooling system employs a single refrigerant guide member arranged at a side of the battery pack, resulting in a reduction in the size of an overall battery system.

An apparatus and corresponding method are disclosed that uses one or more optical fibers in a susceptor that monitor radiation emitted by the backside of the susceptor. The optical fibers are filtered and converted into an electrical signal. A control system is used to maintain a constant wafer temperature by keeping the electrical signal constant during the deposition cycle. This overcomes problems caused by varying wafer temperature during non-selective epitaxial and poly-silicon growth on patterned wafers at low temperatures and reduced pressure.

The invention discloses a construction method of a large-volume concrete bearing platform with one-time pouring in winter, comprising the following steps of: step 1, binding steel reinforcement cages; step 2, laying cooling water pipelines and temperature measuring elements; step 3, constructing formed templates, wherein the construction process comprises delimiting template lines and constructing formed brick dies; step 4, pouring concrete; and step 5, conserving and finishing surface: finishing surface in time when completing the pouring of the concrete, carrying out the surface finishing twice, carrying out the first surface finishing when pouring the concrete to the top, carrying out the second surface finishing when the concrete is initially congealed, and adopting a mode that external stores water for conserving when the concrete is initially congealed. The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, simple construction method step, convenient operation, short construction period, one-time pouring molding and strong maneuverability, the large-volume concrete bearing platform constructed for molding in winter has good quality, the poured concrete is not frozen, and the surface of the bearing platform can not have temperature cracks.

The invention discloses a low compression ratio 690MPa grade extra thick steel plate and a production method thereof, and the low compression ratio 690MPa grade extra thick steel plate comprises the following components by weight: 0.05%-0.14% of C, 0.12%-0.45% of Si, 0.70%-1.40% of Mn, < = 0.010% of P, < = 0.005% of S, 0.025%-0.065% of Als, < = 0.005% of N, 0.10%-0.50% of Cu, 0.50%-1.00% of Ni, 0.10%-0.40% of Cr, 0.10%-0.45% of Mo, also comprises one or more than two components selected from the following chemical components: 0.03%-0.08% of V, 0.005%-0.04% of Nb, 0.005%-0.03% of Ti, 0.0008-0.004% of B and 0.002%-0.006% of Ca, and also comprises balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the total ratio of precious and strengthening elements of Cr, Mo, Ni and Cu is less than or equal to 1.5%.