221results about How to "Raise the temperature difference" patented technology

The invention discloses a low compression ratio 690MPa grade extra thick steel plate and a production method thereof, and the low compression ratio 690MPa grade extra thick steel plate comprises the following components by weight: 0.05%-0.14% of C, 0.12%-0.45% of Si, 0.70%-1.40% of Mn, < = 0.010% of P, < = 0.005% of S, 0.025%-0.065% of Als, < = 0.005% of N, 0.10%-0.50% of Cu, 0.50%-1.00% of Ni, 0.10%-0.40% of Cr, 0.10%-0.45% of Mo, also comprises one or more than two components selected from the following chemical components: 0.03%-0.08% of V, 0.005%-0.04% of Nb, 0.005%-0.03% of Ti, 0.0008-0.004% of B and 0.002%-0.006% of Ca, and also comprises balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, wherein the total ratio of precious and strengthening elements of Cr, Mo, Ni and Cu is less than or equal to 1.5%.

The invention relates to the field of an infrared detector, in particular to a micromachined thermopile infrared detector. The manufacturing technique is simplified and the performance and finished product rate are improved. The manufacture of the micromachined thermopile infrared detector comprises the following steps of: (1) depositing silicon nitride film on the both sides of a silicon substrate by an LPCVD method; (2) etching to remove peripheral silicon nitride film on the frontal side of the silicon substrate by lithography; (3) manufacturing a plurality of Poly-Si strips both ends of which are respectively arranged on the silicon nitride film and the silicon substrate by LPCVD method and photolithographic process; (4) manufacturing a plurality of aluminum strips which form a thermocouple with the plurality of Poly-Si strips by sputtering and photolithographic processes; (5) depositing the silicon nitride film on the frontal side of the silicon substrate by PECVD method; (6) manufacturing an infrared absorption layer (a carbonized photoresist layer) covering the hot junction area of the thermopile with photolithographic process; (7) manufacturing a metal reflective layer (a metal layer) covering the cold junction area of the thermopile with lift-off process; and (8) eroding the back side of the silicon substrate to form a square frustum pyramid shaped groove. The micromachined thermopile infrared detector has reasonable structure design, simple manufacturing process, high detector performance, high finished product rate, good development prospect and is easy to realize.

The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a heat sink body. The method aims at solving the problems that in the traditional heat sink manufacturing process, heat resistance is increased due to multilayer welding, and a heat sink body needs to be manufactured through multiple processes and is short in service life. The method includes the steps that three-dimensional modeling is conducted on the whole structure of the heat sink body; a three-dimensional model is guided to a workbench computer, and the printing angle and positions are set according to the structure of a three-dimensional pattern; a powder layer laid on a base plate of a workbench in advance is sintered into two-dimensional shapes corresponding to the powder layer through high-energy laser beams according to the scanning path; powder as thick as the powder layer is laid on the workbench on which one layer of pattern is sintered, and lasers scan the powder according to the scanning path of the layer until the whole three-dimensional pattern is finished. Through the structure, the heat sink body has the advantages that pressure distribution is uniform and the service life of the heat sink body is prolonged.

The invention provides a polyene microporous multilayer diaphragm and a manufacturing method thereof. The diaphragm is formed by combing three or more than three polyene layers, wherein in a plurality of polyene layers, at least one polyene layer is a polyethylene layer, and at least one polyene layer is a polypropylene layer; the polyethylene layer and the polypropylene layer are tightly attached to each other; and in adjacent polyethylene and polypropylene layers, at least one layer is a polymer blend layer which contains a certain amount of ethylene-propylene copolymer. The invention has the advantages that: in the integrated structure of the polyene microporous multilayer diaphragm, the properties of porosity, puncture strength, pore size, ventilation ratio, tensile strength, breaking elongation and the like are also identical to the high properties of a single-layer diaphragm; simultaneously, the defects of the single-layer diaphragm is overcome, namely the safety of the diaphragm is improved.

The invention discloses an outdoor wood stove capable of generating electricity. The outdoor wood stove comprises a stove body and a temperature difference power generation device fixed to the outer side wall of the stove body, at least one primary air inlet, a secondary air inlet and a tertiary air inlet are formed in the lower portion, the middle and the upper portion of an inner container respectively, an air guiding opening is formed below the primary air inlet, and a heat conduction hole is formed between the secondary air inlet and the tertiary air inlet; the temperature difference power generation device comprises a heat conduction metal rod, at least one temperature different power generation piece, a radiating aluminum plate, an air blower, a storage battery module and a radiating air duct, the radiating air duct is communicated with the air guiding opening, the heat conduction metal rod is fixed in the heat conduction hole, one end of the heat conduction metal rod is attached to the heat collection surface of the temperature different power generation piece, and the radiating surface of the temperature difference power generation piece is attached to the radiating aluminum plate. The outdoor wood stove has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to carry, low in cost and capable of forcing air feeding and effectively carrying out power generation and power supply outdoors.

The invention discloses a deep-sea hydrothermal liquid temperature difference energy generating set which comprises a heat pipe, a vacuum thermal insulation cavity, a radiating cavity, a temperature difference energy generating sheet, a generating sheet fixing block, a radiating block, a voltage conversion circuit and a charging circuit, wherein the vacuum thermal insulation cavity and the radiating cavity are fastened as a whole. The heat pipe is provided with an evaporation section, a thermal insulation section and a condensation section, wherein the evaporation section is exposed out of the vacuum thermal insulation cavity, the thermal insulation section is located in the vacuum thermal insulation cavity, and the condensation section is arranged in the radiating cavity. According to the deep-sea hydrothermal liquid temperature difference energy generating set, the heat pipe is used for capturing the thermal energy of deep-sea hydrothermal liquid, the structure is simple, reliability is good, and the energy conversion rate is high. The temperature difference energy generating sheet is used for converting the temperature difference energy of the deep-sea hydrothermal liquid and peripheral sea water into electric energy, and the electric energy passes through the voltage conversion circuit and the charging circuit and then is output and provided for deep-sea detection equipment. In addition, the deep-sea hydrothermal liquid temperature difference energy generating set is compact in overall structure, small in boundary dimension and suitable for the operation of a mechanical arm of a bathyscaph.

The invention provides an internal micro-channel heat sink and relates to the field of heat dissipation structures of a semiconductor laser, an array device and a large-scale integrated circuit. The internal micro-channel heat sink mainly overcomes the defects that an existing heat sink is low in heat exchange efficiency and reduces heat resistance and pressure drop. The internal micro-channel heat sink comprises a water outlet layer, a water distribution layer and a water inlet layer which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A water inlet hole is formed in the water inlet layer and connected with water inlet channels. Return water holes are formed in the water distribution layer. A water outlet hole is formed in the water outlet layer and connected with water outlet channels. The water inlet channels are connected with the water outlet channels through the return water holes. The internal micro-channel heat sink is characterized in that the apertures of the water inlet channels decrease in the direction from the water inlet hole to the return water holes; the apertures of the water outlet channels decrease in the direction from the return water holes to the water outlet hole.

The invention relates to a single-module independent water-cooled type automobile tail gas thermoelectric conversion device and method. The device consists of a thermoelectric conversion unit and a voltage polling unit and is characterized in that: an engine exhausts high-temperature tail gas; in a plurality of thermoelectric conversion modules of the thermoelectric conversion unit, the hot ends absorb the heat of the high-temperature tail gas and the cold ends cling to an independent small water tank; the temperature difference between the hot ends and the cold ends is increased by cooling water of a cooling device of the engine or a cooling water loop designed externally and independently, so that direct-current electric energy is generated; the voltage polling unit detects the direct-current voltage generated by each thermoelectric conversion module; and optimal series and parallel combination is performed according to the output characteristic of each thermoelectric conversion module, so that output power and conversion efficiency of the automobile tail gas thermoelectric conversion device can be improved to the maximum degree. The temperature difference between the hot ends and the cold ends is increased by the single-module independent water-cooled mode; the heat of the waste gas exhausted by the automobile is effectively utilized; and the generated electric energy is applied to vehicle-mounted equipment, so energy conservation and emission reduction of the automobile are facilitated.

The present invention discloses a phosphorus diffusion method of a crystalline silicon solar cell. The method comprises the steps of (1) entering into a boat, (2) adjusting temperature to be below 800 DEG C, introducing nitrogen carrying phosphorus source and dry oxygen, and forming a silicon dioxide layer containing phosphorus, (3) carrying out low temperature diffusion, (4) raising the temperature in a furnace and pushing with the rise of the temperature, (5) carrying out first time of high temperature diffusion, (6) raising the temperature in the furnace and pushing with the rise of the temperature, (7) carrying out second time of high temperature diffusion, (8) reducing the temperature in the furnace and pushing with the decrease of the temperature, and (9) reducing the temperature and going out of the boat, and completing a diffusion process. According to the method, an oxidation gettering effect is enhanced and the concentration gradient of the phosphorus doping is controlled, the separation and collection of carriers are facilitated, the open circuit voltage is raised, the temperature difference in a cooling process is controlled, and a crystal boundary gettering effect is enhanced.

The invention discloses a heat-pump-type air conditioning system which comprises an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, a first pipeline, an expansion valve, a compressor, a four-way valve, a heat storage loop and a hot-gas bypass loop. The first pipeline connects the indoor heat exchanger with the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve is serially connected on the first pipeline, the compressor is used for compressing refrigerant steam, the four-way valve is connected with an input end and an output end of the compressor and connected with the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, one end of the heat storage loop is connected between the expansion valve on the first pipeline and the outdoor heat exchanger, a first two-way valve and a heat accumulator wrapped on the outer wall of the compressor are serially connected on the heat storage loop, the other end of the heat storage loop is connected with an input end of the compressor, one end of the hot-gas bypass loop is connected between the output end of the compressor and the indoor heat exchanger while the other end of the same is connected with the outdoor heat exchanger, and a second two-way valve and a throttling device are serially connected on the hot-gas bypass loop. By the heat-pump-type air conditioning system, temperature difference between a refrigerant flowing into the heat accumulator and the heat accumulator is increased, and defrosting effect is effectively improved. The invention further provides a sensible-heat defrosting method and a heat-storage defrosting method.

A temperature sensor (100) includes a heat-sensitive element (21) having a thermistor sintered-body (22), an insulating support (31), an insulation sheath (41) and a housing tube (11). The insulating support (31) is in contact with the rear end of the heat-sensitive element (21) and the insulation sheath (41) is in contact with the rear end of the insulating support (31). The housing tube (11) accommodates the heat-sensitive element (21), the insulating support (31) and the insulation sheath (41). The housing tube (11) includes a sheath accommodation portion (14) which accommodates the insulation sheath (41) and a distal accommodation portion (13). The distal accommodation portion (13) is located toward the distal end of the housing tube (11) with respect to the sheath accommodation portion (14), is smaller in outside diameter than the sheath accommodation portion (14), and accommodates at least half of the insulating support (31) as measured from the axially distal end of the insulating support (31).

The invention discloses a thermoelectric module and a manufacturing method thereof. The thermoelectric module comprises a lower thermoelectric module, wherein p type and n type semiconductor elements are arranged on the upper part of the lower insulation substrate along the horizontal direction; an upper thermoelectric module, wherein p type and n type semiconductor elements, which are electrically connected, are arranged on the lower part of the upper insulation substrate along the horizontal direction; and a joint part, which joins the p type semiconductor element in the upper thermoelectric module and the p type semiconductor element in the lower thermoelectric module and also joins the n type semiconductor element in the upper thermoelectric module and the n type semiconductor element in the lower thermoelectric module. Through the joint part, the upper part thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric semiconductor element and the lower part thermoelectric module comprising a thermoelectric semiconductor element are joined together, thus the thickness of thermoelectric semiconductor element part is multiplied by two; so the temperature difference between two ends of the thermoelectric semiconductor element part is increased, the electro-dynamic potential of the thermoelectric module is increased, and when the thermoelectric module is used as a temperature sensor, the sensitivity of the sensor is improved.

The invention discloses a brittle-failure-resistant chocolate coating, which comprises the following raw materials by weight: 330-400 parts of white granulated sugar, 130-170 parts of milk powder, 120-160 parts of cocoa liquid block, 40-60 parts of natural anhydrous cream, 260-300 parts of cocoa butter, 1-3 parts of lecithin, and 1-3 parts of polyglyceryl-3 polyricinoleate. The invention further discloses a method for coating a frozen beverage with the brittle-failure-resistant chocolate coating. According to the present invention, by adjusting the ratio of various raw materials of the chocolate coating and optimizing the method for coating the frozen beverage with the chocolate coating, the brittleness of the chocolate coating is ensured, and no cracking is generated within pressure difference of 70 mbar, such that the quality of the product is enhanced, and the market is easily broadened.

The invention discloses a stepless stratified hot water storage tank. The stepless stratified hot water storage tank comprises a water tank, a heat exchange tube, an isolation cover and a guide element combined tube, wherein the heat exchange tube is arranged at the bottom of the water tank; a gap is reserved between the bottom of the water bank and the isolation cover which is arranged outside the heat exchange tube; the guide element combined tube which is of fin-shaped outer wall and extends vertically and upwardly is communicated with the top portion of the isolation cover, and the wall between each two layer of fins is communicated with the water tank. The stepless stratified hot water storage tank is capable of quickly enabling the water temperature to reach a moderated value while keeping the water in the lower layer of the hot water storage tank cool, and the cooled lower layer of the hot water storage tank is capable of cooling the heat exchanger reflux and quickly, thereby improving the temperature difference between the heat exchanger and the hot water storage tank so as to increase the absorption of solar heat radiation.

The invention provides an inside heated FBG sensor and a packaging method thereof. The inside heated FBG sensor comprises an alundum tube body, optical fiber leads, a heating resistance wire and an FBG sensor, and is characterized in that the alundum tube body is provided with a plurality of ducts, both ends of the FBG sensor are provided with the optical fiber leads, the FBG sensor is arranged in one of the ducts, and the heating resistance wire is arranged in the other ducts. According to the invention, moisture field data measured by the sensor is enabled to be all based on a temperature field to the maximum extent, so that the interference imposed on a measurement result by strain factors is reduced to the lowest; and the porous alundum tube is internally provided with the heating resistance wire, so that an inside heating function of an alundum tube FBG rock and soil mass moisture field monitoring sensor is realized.

The invention relates to the method and the device to adjust and control in heavy oil catalytic cracking and gasoline modified process. It adds the catalyst circular mixer and the regenerative catalyst cooler into the heavy oil catalytic cracking system with the gasoline modified assistant fluidized reactor. So it can lead the future and regenerative catalyst from the gasoline modified assistant fluidized reactor to the mixer and mix uniformly in the water vapour, then the mixture go into the heavy oil reactor riser to crack with the raw oil; the regenerative catalyst used for the gasoline modified is cooled in cooler before going into the assistant fluidized reactor and reacts with the vapour gasoline material. The invention can decrease the gasoline alkene content to 18%(V) and it is proper for the country environment protecting rule but improve the yield of the light oil.

The invention relates to an evaporation source. The evaporation source comprises a crucible body and a spray nozzle cover plate, wherein the crucible body is provided with an evaporation chamber used for accommodating a vacuum evaporation material, and one end of the evaporation chamber is open; the spray nozzle cover plate covers the opening of the evaporation chamber of the crucible body, and a spray nozzle is arranged on the spray nozzle cover; the crucible body comprises a first butt-joint part which is in butt joint with the spray nozzle cover plate; the spray nozzle cover plate comprises a second butt-joint part which is in butt joint with the crucible body; and a heat insulation layer is arranged between the first butt-joint part and the second butt-joint part. The invention further relates to a vacuum evaporation system. The evaporation source has the beneficial effects that: the heat insulation layer is arranged for avoiding heat conduction between the crucible body and the spray nozzle cover plate, so that temperature difference between the crucible body and the spray nozzle cover plate is increased, and the problem of blocking holes by materials is improved.

The invention discloses a ceramic crucible, the top view of the crucible body (1) is round, the top part is equipped with upper mouth (1. 1), the crucible body (1) is made from ceramic materials containing oxides such as Alumina, Magnesia or Zirconia, the bottom part of the crucible body (1) is equipped with a bottom mouth (1. 2), the proportion between the diameter (d) of the bottom mouth (1. 2) of the crucible body (1) and the diameter (d) of the upper mouth (1. 1) of the crucible (1) is 1:5-15; the proportion between the height (L) from the bottom surface of the crucible body (1) to the top surface of the crucible body (1) and the diameter (D) of the upper mouth (1. 1) of the crucible body (1) is 5:1-5. The ceramic crucible not only fuses into the metal contained or forms alloy with the metal contained to influence the production quality of the nano metal powder, but also has good conductive character.