The invention discloses an anti-theft system of a power device, comprising a main control unit, an anti-theft alarming module connected with the main control unit, and a sampling system, as well as a remote monitoring terminal; the main control unit carries out communication with the remote monitoring terminal; wherein, the main control unit comprises at least one camera; the anti-theft alarming module realizes anti-theft alarming by an infrared detector or polar plate circuit detecting lines connected in series on each solar polar plate, and generates alarming to the main control unit; the remote monitoring terminal realizes remote monitoring and control. The anti-theft system of the power device has the advantages that: besides the infrared detection function, circuit protection is added as well, thus realizing multi-functional protection effects, not only generating the alarming function on field, but also being capable of shooting the field situations and transmitting to a party in need simultaneously. On the other hand, the system combines anti-theft and power device detection, which not only realizes anti-theft, but also can detect the performances of the power device like detecting the voltage and the current. Moreover, the anti-theft system of the power device can realize undervoltage and undercurrent alarming.