1944 results about "Vacuum evaporation" patented technology

A method of etching a sacrificial oxide layer covering an etch-stop silicon nitride underlayer, involves exposing the sacrificial oxide to anhydrous HF at a temperature of less than about 100° C. and / or at vacuum level lower than 40 Torr; and subsequently performing an in-situ vacuum evaporation of etch by-products at a temperature of more than about 100° C. and at vacuum level lower than the 40 Torr without exposure to ambient air.

PCT No. PCT / DK97 / 00131 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 24, 1998 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 24, 1998 PCT Filed Mar. 25, 1997 PCT Pub. No. WO97 / 35486 PCT Pub. Date Oct. 2, 1997A process and an apparatus for converting liquid by-products, such as whey and permeates of whey, derived from cheese making processes into substantially free-flowing, non-caking powdery products. The process comprises the stages of vacuum evaporation of the whey to a solids content of 65-80%, crystallization of the whey concentrate and air drying the whey, wherein the main stream of initially cooled whey concentrate passing through stages of crystallization, is fed with a secondary and / or tertiary stream to be mixed with the main stream. The apparatus is provided with a secondary and / or a tertiary conduit for feeding a secondary and / or tertiary stream to the main stream in the main conduit connecting means for collection and pretreatment of whey, vacuum evaporation of the whey, crystallization of the whey concentrate and air drying the whey. The feeding of a secondary and / or tertiary stream reduces the sticky nature of whey, leading to whey that is more easy to handle during the processing, and resulting in less wear of the apparatus.

This invention discloses an electrochemical method for the preparation of single atom tips to replace the traditional vacuum evaporation method. The invented method for preparation of single atom tips includes the following steps: A substrate single crystal metal wire etched electrochemically to form a tip. The surface of the metal tip is cleaned. A small quantity of noble metal is plated on the apex of the tip in low concentration noble metal electrolyte. Annealing in vacuum or in inert gas ambient to diffuse the additional electroplated noble metal atoms and thus a single atom tip is formed on the surface of the substrate. The present invention also discloses the single atom tip so prepared. The single atom tip of this invention has only a very small number of atoms, usually only one atom, at its apex.

The invention provides a liquid crystal display device and a making method thereof. According to the liquid crystal display device, a quantum rod orientation layer (2) is arranged for conducting parallel orientation on a quantum rod layer (3), and the quantum rod layer (3) obtained after orientation can replace a traditional lower polarizer plate. The making method of the liquid crystal display device includes the steps that the quantum rod orientation layer (2) is prepared through an inclined vacuum evaporation process, a plurality of trenches (21) which are arranged in parallel and are perpendicular to a penetrating shaft of an upper polarizer plate (7) in the extension direction are formed in the quantum rod orientation layer (2), then the quantum rod layer (3) is prepared on the quantum rod orientation layer (2), the direction of long shafts of multiple quantum rods (31) in the prepared quantum rod layer (3) is parallel to the extension direction of the trenches (21), and in another word, the quantum rod layer (3) conducts parallel orientation. The quantum rod layer (3) obtained after orientation can replace the traditional lower polarizer plate, so that light transmittance and the backlight utilization rate can be raised, display brightness is increased, and the production cost is saved.

The present invention includes a solid fat composition that includes an oil having saturated fat and a microbial oil having a long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and an emulsifier. In particular, the solid fat composition can have high levels of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid and low amounts of emulsifiers. In preferred embodiments, the polyunsaturated oil is an unwinterized microbial oil. The invention also relates to methods for making such compositions and food, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products comprising said compositions. The present invention also includes a microbial oil product prepared by extracting an oil-containing fraction comprising at least one LC-PUFA from a microbial biomass, and treating the fraction by a process of vacuum evaporation, wherein the oil product has not been subject to one or more of a solvent winterization step, a caustic refining process, a chill filtration process, or a bleaching process.